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LONDON : 
nRADBITRT.    AONKW,   &  CO.,   miNTBRS,   WHITCFRTAIUi. 


*S^°\\ 


THE   YORKSHIEE 
^Kl^ae0l00i;cal  anbr  ®0p00rap^kal 

JOURNAL. 


THE  YOEKSHIKE 


^rri^a^nbgkal  atttr  C0p0grap]^kal 


JOURNAL. 


PUBLISHED  UNDER  THE  DIRECTION  OF  THE  COUNCIL 


OF  THE 


^orfuditre  f^rdtseological  atiD  tiTopojirapijical  ^soctatiim. 


VOL.   X. 


[ISSUHD  TO  MEMBERS  ONLY] 


LONDON ! 

FBINTBD  FOR  THE  A8S0CIATI0K   BT 

BRADBURY,  AGNEW,  AND  CO,  WHITEFRIARS,  E  C. 

MDCCCLXXXIX. 


LONDON: 
nRADBITRT.    AONKW,   &  CO.,   miNTRRft,   WniTCFRIAIM. 


^'^^i. 


-     / 


PREFACE. 


The  twentieth  year  of  the  publication  of  the  Journal 
brings  to  completion  the  tenth  volume,  and  although  the 
earlier  voliunes  contained  articles  by  such  writers  as  Mr.  J. 
G.  Nichols,  the  Rev.  Joseph  Hunter,  and  the  ever  lamented 
Father  Haigh,  it  is  believed  that  the  contributions  of  the 
Rev.  Canon  Raine,  the  Rev.  J.  T.  Fowler,  Mr.  Clements 
Markham,  and  others,  have  maintained  the  later  ones  at  the 
same  high  level. 

The  present  Volume  is  of  unusual  interest,  the  paper  on 
Towton  Field,  by  Mr.  Markham,  written  from  the  purely 
historical  point  of  view,  may  be  compared  with  Mr. 
Leadman's,  which  is  more  of  a  topographical  description. 
The  Cistercian  Statutes  are  now  finished,  but  there  still 
remain  a  few  Addenda  which  will  appear  in  the  next 
Volume.  Thanks  to  Mr.  Norclifie's  invaluable  notes.  Paver's 
Marriage  Licenses  increase  in  interest,  and  will  continue  to 
do  so  now  that  the  period  has  been  reached  when  parish 
registers  will  generally  be  j^vailable  for  reference.  The 
completion  of  the  Extracts  from  Leland's  Itinerary  will 
supply  members  with  those  portions  relating  to  Yorkshire 


VI  PREFACK. 

which  could  only  be  obtained  by  a  tedious  search  through 
numerous  and  expensive  volumes.  Dodsworth's  notes  for 
the  Wapentake  of  Osgoldcross  will  prove  most  useful  as  a 
continuation  of  the  notes  on  Abrigg,  which  were  received 
with  so  much  interest. 

The  Council  desire  to  offer  their  thanks  to  the  writers 
who  have  contributed  the  papers  forming  this  Volume^  and 
have  only  to  add  that  the  writers  themselves  are  solely 
responsible  for  opinions  and  facts  they  contain. 

HUDDEBSFIELD, 

JwMuury^  1889. 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 

Prefacb     ...... 

V 

Table  of  Contents 

•  • 

VIX 

The  Battle  op  Towton  . 

Clements  B.  Markham 

O.B.y  P.A.S.y  P.S.A.  • 

1 

Paver's  Markiaoe  Ligens  ::s  (Part  IV.) 

Eev.  0.  B.  Noroliffe, 

Al.A. 

35 

Do.           do.              (Part  V.) . 

Do. 

169 

Do.            DO.             (Part  VI.) 

Do. 

445 

CiSTEROAN  Statutes  (Part  III.)     .    . 

Eev.    J.    T.    Fowlei:, 

Ax.A.t  Jb  .o. A. 

51 

Do.            DO.        (Part  IV.) 

Do 

217 

Do.            DO.        (Part  V.)  . 

Do. 

388 

Do.            DO.        (Part  VI.). 

Do. 

502 

Cottrt-Bolls   of   some   East    Hiding 

Manors,  1563-1573  .        .    .    Eev.  W.    0.   Boxtlter, 

M.A.,  P.S.A.    . 
Notices  of  Scorebt  and  of  the  Family 

OF  Blake Eev.      Canon      James 

Eaine,  M.A.,  D.C.L. 

Elland  Churoh  (Part  I.)   • 

Do.     (Part  II.) 

On  the  Prjemonstratensian  Abbey  of 
St.  Agatha  juxta  Eichmond 


John  William  Clay 
Do. 


W.  H.  St.  John  Hope, 

2ix.A.  ... 


Thomas  Brooke,  F.S. A. 


Extracts  from  the  Journal  of  Cab- 
TiLioN  Morris      .... 

Notes  : — 

XXX. — ^Kirkheaton  Church  ..... 

XXXI. — York  Minster         ...... 

XXXII.— Old  Malton  Priory  Church 

XXXm. — Bainesse,  Catterick 

XXXIV.— Pedigree  of  the  Colvilles  of  AmcliflTe,  &c.  . 

XXXV.— Kirkstall  Abbey 

2XXVI.— Exterior  Chapel     at    All 

Saints,  Pontefract      •    Eichard  Holmes 


63 

83 
104 
200 


117 
159 

165 
165 
166 
166 
167 
554 

556 


Vlll  CONTENTS. 


PAOB 


The  Yorkshibe  Portion  of  Lelakd's 

"Itdteraby"  (Pabt  I.)        .        .     .    Thomas  Beayshaw     .    234 

Do.  do.  (Part  n.)  .  Do.  .313 

Do.  DO.  (PartIII.).  Do.  .    461 

Wapentake  OF  OsooLDOROss  (Part  I.)    .    Biohard  Holmes  250 

Do.  DO.  (PartII.)  .  Do.  .     346 

Do.  DO.  (Part  m.) .  Do.  .    523 

Notes  on  the  Genealogy  of  the 
Family  of  Db  Eskelby,  &o. 
(Part  I.) Henry  D.  Eshelby     .    266 

Do,  DO.  (Pabt  II.).  Do.  .    423 

Do.  DO.  (Pabt  III.)  Do.  .    482 

The  Templabs  at  Templehtjbst  (Pabt 

I.) H.  E.  Chbtwynd-Rta- 

PYLTON       .  276 

Do.  DO.  (PabtII.).  Do.  .    431 

The  Battle  of  Towton  .        .    Alex.  D.  H.  Leadman    287 

The  Daorb  Tomb  in  Saxton  Chtjroh- 

YARD  .     T.  M.  Fallow,  M.A.   .     303 

BoYAL  Grants  in  Yorkshire         .    .    Whjjam  Sykes,  F.S.A.    309 

List  of  Peculiar  and  other  Cottrts  of  which  the  Becords 

HAVE  been  transferred  TO  THE  WaKEFIELD  DISTRICT  BB- 

oisTRY  OF  H.M.  Court  of  Probate  (1870)  .    444 

The  Battle  of  the  Standard       .    .    Alex.  D.  H.  Leadman    377 

Court-Bolls     of     Some    Yorkshire 

Manors,  1572-1573  .     .    Bev.  W.  0.  Boulter, 

M.A.,  F.S.A.    .         .     407 
The    Hospital    of    Foulsnape    in 

the  West  Biding    ....     Biohard  Holmes         .    543 


INDEX 557 


CONTBNTS.  IX 


lllustratbns. 


PAGE 

Easby  Abbey — 

Plan  of  Abbxy  op  St.  Aqatha  juxta  BiOHKOin>  to  face  p.  117 

Plan  of  Upfeb  Floob  of  Westebn  Fabt  of  Ikfibhaby  .  127 

Bemaiks  of  an  Obiel  Window,  N.E.  of  Infibhaby  Hall  131 
Plan  of  Basement  of  Oellabeb's  Bxtildikos     .                .147 

Section  of  Oellabium  on  line  A.B.,  looking  south     .    .  151 

Section  of  Osllabtum  on  line  CD.,  looking  nobth         .  155 

Templabs  at  Templehtjbst — 

Temple  Fabm 276 

Capital  op  South  Doob 277 

Seal  op  Templabs 285 

Plan  op  Tbmplehubst 434 

South  Doob  of  the  Preceptort 435 

Map  of  Towton  Field 293 

Abms  on  the  Daobe  Tomb;   Saxton  Ohuboh  304 

Map  of  Tobkshibe,  illustbatino  Leland^s  Joxtbneys,    to  face  p.  329 

Map  of  the  Neiohboubhood  of  Thibsk                            to  face  492 

Abms  of  Folyfayt  and  Exelby 501 

Map  of  the  Eastebn   Pabt  of  the  Township  of  Pontefraot  547 

Abch  at  Kibkstall  Abbey 555 


/?/2- 


THE  YORKSHIRE 


litfj^aeabgital  kxiH  Copagrapj^ual  ^anxml 


THE    BATTLE    OF    TOWTON. 

By  CLEMENTS  R.  MARKHAM,  CR,  F.R.S..  F.S.A. 

Although  the  battle  of  Towton,  or  Palm  Sunday  Field 
as  it  was  called,^  changed  the  dynasty,  and  wrought  a  re- 
volution in  England,  we  are  even  more  at  a  loss  for  contem- 
porary details  than  in  the  case  of  the  Yorkist  disaster  beforj 
Wakefield.  William  of  Worcester,  John  of  Whethamstede 
and  the  Chronicle  of  Croyland  all  furnish  information  of  more 
or  less  importance  respecting  the  battle  of  Wakefield.  But 
they  only  bestow  a  few  meagre  lines  on  the  far  more 
momentous  event  of  Towton  field.  We  are,  therefore,  forced 
to  rely  mainly  on  the  chronicles  of  Hall  and  Stowe.  For 
l;ick  of  contemporary  narratives,  we  must  needs  turn  to  those 
which  were  written  by  men  living  nearest  to  the  event :  and, 
as  old  Fuller  remarked,  ''  let  him  die  of  drought  without 
pity,  who  will  not  drink  at  the  stream,  because  he 
cannot  get  at  the  fountain." 

In  treating  of  the  battle  of  Towton  I  shall  follow  the  same 
plan  as  I  adopted  when  I  submitted  my  conclusions  respect- 
ins:  the  battle  of  Wakefield  to  the  members  of  the  Yorkshire 
Archaeological  Association.  I  propose  to  narrate  the  story 
ill  the  form  which,  after  weighing  the  evidence,  appears  to 
approach  nearest  to  the  truth  ;  and  then  to  discuss  the  value 
of  the  different  authorities. 

When  the  Lancastrians,  after  their  success  at  St.  Albans, 
had  failed  before  London,  they  retreated  northward  with  the 
person  of  the   King,   and  proceeded  to   collect  forces  in 

^  It  WM  alflo  called  the  battle  of  Cook-bridge,  and  oocasioDallyy  in  early  records,  the 
battle  of  Sherbam-in-Elmet. 

TOL.  X.  B 


'Z  THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON. 

Yorkshire  for  one  more  great  eflfort,  making  their  head- 
quarters in  the  city  of  York.  Meanwhile  the  young  Earl  of 
March,  after  his  victory  at  Mortimer's  Cross,  on  the  3rd  of 
February,  1461,  advanced  to  London,  with  his  Welsh  and 
border  tenantry,  having  been  joined  on  the  road  by  Warwick, 
whose  incapacity  as  a  military  commander  had  been  the 
cause  of  the  disaster  at  St.  Albans  on  the  17th  of  February. 

Born  on  the  28th  of  April,  1442,  Edward  was  only  in  his 
19th  year  when  he  entered  London  and  succeeded  to  his 
father's  rights,  and  to  the  duty  of  avenging  the  insults  heaped 
upon  tliat  father's  body.  He  found  his  mother,  the  widowed 
Duchess  Cicely,  with  his  little  sister  Margaret,^  at  Baynard's 
Castle.  Ilis  two  young  brothers,  George  and  Richard,  were 
still  at  Utrecht,  under  the  protection  of  the  Duke  of 
Burgundy. 

Edward  was  very  tall,  and  eminently  handsome,  with  a 
fair  complexion  and  flaxen  hair:  "the  goodliest  personage," 
says  Comines,  "  that  ever  mine  eyes  beheld."  His  capacity 
for  command,  his  fortitude,  and  prudence  were  far  beyond 
his  years,  and  he  had  already  acquired  experience  in  two 
pitched  battles.  On  his  arrival  in  London  he  called  together 
a  great  council  of  lords  spiritual  and  temporal,  and  declared 
to  them  his  title  to  the  throne.  The  lords  determined  that, 
as  King  Henry  had,  contrary  to  the  solemn  agreement  made 
with  the  Duke  of  York  and  the  Parliament  which  met  in 
October,  1460,  violated  his  word,  and  as  he  was  useless  to 
the  commonwealth,  he  should  be  deprived  of  all  sovereignty. 
Edward  was  elected  and  acknowledged  as  King. 

That  night  the  young  King  was  once  more  at  home  with 
his  mother  and  sister  ;  but  it  was  a  melancholy  home-coming. 
Two  months  before  the  whole  family  was  united  at  Baynard  s 
Castle.  Now  the  father  was  slain  and  his  head  fixed  on 
Micklegate  Bar  at  York.  The  beloved  brother,  Edward's 
companion  from  earliest  infancy,  also  dead,  the  two  younger 
brothers  sent  abroad  for  safety ;  his  uncle  Salisbury  killed, 
with  Sir  David  Hall — the  trusted  friend  of  the  family,  and 
many  more.  Yet  a  feeling  of  pride  must  have  mingle<l 
with  the  bereaved  mother's  grief,  as  she  gazed  upon  the  superb 
young  warrior  who  was  the  last  prop  and  hope  of  her  house. 

Next   day   the   citizens   of  London  assembled   at   their 

2  Afterwards  Duchesa  of  Burgundy. 


THE  BATTLE   OP  TOWTON.  3 

musters  iu  St.  John's  Fields,  just  outside  the  city,  where  they 
were  reviewed  by  Lord  Fauconberg,  the  King's  uncle,  an 
experienced  warrior  who  had  seen  much  service  in  France. 
As  Sir  William  Neville  he  was  at  the  siege  of  Orleans,  and 
since  1429  he  had  been  summoned  to  Parliament  ^wre  uxoriSy 
for  he  had  married  Joan,  the  heiress  of  the  last  Baron 
Fauconberg.  As  soon  as  he  had  completed  the  musters,  his 
nephew  George  Neville,  Bishop  of  Exeter,  made  a  long 
speech  to  the  people.  He  declared  to  them  how  King  Henry 
had  broken  the  agreement  solemnly  made  with  the  murdered 
Duke  of  York  only  four  short  months  before  ;  he  demanded 
of  them  whether  they  would  have  a  foresworn  king  any 
longer  to  rule  over  them  ;  and  lie  called  upon  them  to  serve 
and  obey  the  Earl  of  March  as  their  earthly  sovereign  lord. 
The  multitude  cried  "  yea !  yea ! "  with  great  shouts  and 
clapping  of  hands.  "  I  was  there,'*  says  William  of  Wor- 
cester, "I  heard  them,  and  I  returned  with  them  into 
the  city." 

On  the  same  evening  the  lords  and  commons  went  to 
Baynard's  Castle  to  report  what  had  taken  place  to  young 
Edward,  and  he  was  persuaded  to  assume  the  kingly  office 
by  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  and  the  Bishop  of  Exeter. 
Next  day,  being  the  4th  of  March,  he  rode  to  St.  Paul's  as 
King  Edward  IV.,  and  made  an  offering.  After  Te  Deum 
lie  was  conveyed  to  Westminster,  where  he  sat  in  the  Hall 
while  his  title  was  declared  to  the  people,  as  son  and  heir  of 
Richard  Duke  of  York,  and  by  authority  of  Parliament. 
Henry  VI.  was  deposed  "  quod  non  stetisset  pacto,  neque 
paruisset  senatiis  consulti  decreto."  Edward  then  entered 
the  abbey  under  a  canopy,  in  solemn  procession,  and  received 
homage  from  the  lords,  returning  by  water  to  London,  where 
he  was  lodged  in  the  Bishop's  Palace.  On  the  5  th  he  was 
proclaimed  King  through  the  city,  as  Edward  IV. ;  but  there 
was  to  be  no  coronation  until  his  enemies  in  the  north  were 
scattered. 

No  time  was  lost.  On  Saturday,  the  Gth  of  March  the 
Earl  of  Warwick  left  London  for  the  north,  with  what 
Fabyan  describes  as  "  a  great  puissance  of  people.'*  Four 
days  afterwards  the  King's  infantry  followed,  consisting  of 
borderers  from  the  Welsh  marches,  Kentish  men,  and 
Londoners.  On  Frida3%  the  12th  of  March,  Edward  himself 
rode  through  Bishopsgate  with  a  great  body  of  men,  and 

B  2 


4  THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTOX. 

attended  by  many  lords  and  knights.  Since  the  death  of 
Sir  David  Hall,  Edward's  uncle  Fauconberg  was  the  most 
able  and  experienced  general  on  the  Yorkist  side,  and  he 
was  now  the  King's  chief  adviser.  A  powerful  adherent 
was  John  Mowbray  Duke  of  Norfolk,  who  is  so  frequently 
mentioned  in  the  Paston  letters,  llepresentative  of  Thomas 
de  Brotherton,  the  youngest  son  of  Edward  L,  the  Duke  had 
vast  wealth  and  powerful  influence  in  the  Eastern  counties, 
but  he  was  in  failing  health.  When  he  rode  out  of  Bishops- 
gate  with  his  royal  cousin,  the  Duke  was  in  his  37th  year. 
Sir  John  Ratclifle,  K.G.,  who  was  called  Lord  Fitzwalter 
jure  uxorisy  Sir  Henry  Ratclifle,  Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton,  Sir 
Walter  Blount,  Sir  John  Wenlock,  Sir  John  Dynham,  Robert 
Home  of  Kent,  Sir  Roger  Wolferstone,  William  Hastings, 
Humphrey  and  John  Stafford  ^  were  among  the  knights  and 
aspirants  who  formed  King  Edward  s  staff*.*  The  marches 
were  made  in  a  leisurely  way,  to  give  time  for  followers  to 
join  from  various  directions,  and  it  was  a  fortnight  before 
Edward  formed  a  junction  with  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  and 
mustered  his  army  between  Pomfret  Castle  and  Ferrybridge, 
about  40,000  strong.  Reinforcements  had  flocked  to  him 
during  the  march,  especially  in  Nottinghamshire ;  and  in  liis 
camp  were  two  eminent  lawyers,  John  Markham  the  future 
Chief  Justice,  and  Guy  Fairfax  of  Steeton.  Sir  John 
Ratcliffe,  with  a  young  illegitimate  son  of  the  Earl  of  Salisbury, 
was  stationed  with  a  small  force  at  Ferrybridge,  to  guard 
the  passage  over  the  river  Aire. 

Meanwhile  the  nobles  who  had  rallied  round  the  proud 
Margaret  of  Anjou,  and  who  had  served  her  so  faithfully, 
were  collecting  their  strength  at  York.  The  Duke  of  Somerset, 
though  he  was  only  in  his  24th  year,  was  nominally  the  chief 
commander  of  the  Queen's  army.  The  son  of  her  favourite, 
who  had  been  slain  in  the  first  battle  of  the  war,  and  the 
head  of  a  powerful  connexion,  Margaret  placed  great 
reliance  on  the  prowess  and  influence  of  the  young  Duke. 
His  first  cousin  was  Thomas  Courtenay  Earl  of  Devonshire,  a 
lad  of  20,  who  came  to  York  with  Fulfords,  Fortescues  and 
other  west-country  squires ;  and  his  sister  Eleanor  was 
married  to  James  Butler,  Earl  of  Ormond  and  Wiltshire,  K.G. 
a  more  mature  nobleman  who  had  reached  his  40  th  year, 

^  Tbeir  mothers  were  sistei  s.  *  Stowe. 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON.  5 

but  who  was  more  noted  for  running  away  than  for 
fighting.  His  brother  Sir  John  Butler  accompanied  him. 
Next  to  Somerset,  the  most  trusted  leader  was  Henry  Percy, 
Earl  of  Northumberland,  who  was  also  in  his  40th  year.^  His 
family  had  fought  and  bled  for  the  Lancastrian  cause.  His 
father  was  slain  at  St.  Albans,  his  brother  Lord  Egremont^  at 
Northampton,  and  another  brother,  Sir  Richard  Percys  now 
rode  by  the  Earl's  side,  at  the  head  of  a  numerous  following 
of  retainers.  Lord  Clifford,  Lord  Dacre  of  Gillesland,  Lord 
Fitz  Hugh,  and  Sir  John  Neville  came  from  the  north  with 
a  great  muster  of  North  Riding  and  Westmoreland  dalesmen, 
while  Lord  Welles  and  Sir  William  Talboys  rallied  the 
Lincolnshire  yeomen  round  their  standards.  Lord  Roos,  Sir 
Ralph  Eure  and  Sir  John  Bigot  of  Musgrave  Castle,  joined 
the  army  with  Yorkshire  tenantry  ;  and  the  Duke  of  Exeter, 
Lord  Hungerford,  and  Lord  Beaumont  swelled  the  throng 
with  their  retainers.  Nor  were  lawyers  and  churchmen 
wanting,  to  prop  the  falling  cause.  Sir  John  Fortescue,  the 
Lord  Chief  Justice,  was  at  York,  for  he  believed  the 
parliamentary  title  of  King  Henry  to  be  good,  and  would  not 
desert  him  in  his  need.  There  too,  in  attendance  on  poor 
Henry,  was  Dr.  Morton  the  parson  of  Bloxworth  and  Master 
in  Chancery — a  treble-dyed  traitor  and  falsifier  of  history, 
who  afterwards  flourished  like  a  green  bay  tree,  and  died 
Cardinal  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  at  the  age  of  ninety.  So 
far  as  experience  and  military  training  were  concerned,  the 
reliance  of  the  Lancastrian  army  was  on  Lord  Welles,  Lord 
Hungerford,  and  Sir  Andrew  Trollope.  Lionel  Lord 
Welles,  K.G.,**  now  in  his  55th  year,  had  seen  much  service  in 
France,  and  had  filled  the  important  posts  of  Lieutenant  of 
Ireland  and  Captain  of  Calais.  Lord  Hungerford  had  served 
under  the  great  Talbot,  and  was  present  at  the  fatal  battle  of 
Chastillon,  when  he  was  taken  prisoner.  At  that  time,  during 
his  father'o  life,  he  was  known  as  Lord  Molines,  in  right  of  his 
wife.  Trollope  was  a  veteran  of  the  French  wars,  and  seems 
to  have  been  looked  to  as  the  oflBcer  who  would  marshal 
the    army  and  select  positions.      He  had  been  a  trusted 

*  Bom  at  Leconfield  on  July   25th,       Henry  Neville  of  Thornton  Bridge,  and 
1421;  six  months  older  than  Henry  VI.       widow  of  William  Fairfax   of  Walton. 

*  Fabyan  erroneously  says  he  was  killed      She  died  in  1453. 

at  Towton.  ^  (hy   a  lion  rampant  double  qxumca 

7  Sir  Richard  Percy  was  bom  in  1429,       sable. 
and  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Bir 


6  THE   BATTLE  OF   TOWTON. 

Yorkist  officer,  and  was  long  in  command  of  the  Calais 
garrison.  But  when  the  two  rival  armies  were  confronted 
near  Ludlow,  in  October,  1459,  he  had  secretly  deserted  with 
a  large  part  of  the  best  soldiers  from  Calais,  and  gone  over 
to  Queen  Margaret.  This  had  given  her  a  temporary 
triumph ;  and  Trollope  had  since  been  her  most  trusted 
military  adviser.  The  force  collected  at  York  numbered 
60,000  ;  and  the  largest  bodies  of  men  that  have  ever  tried 
conclusions  on  English  ground  since  the  Norman  conquest, 
were  thus  gathered  together  between  Pomfret  and  York. 

A  distance  of  25  miles  separated  the  towers  of  Pomfret 
Castle,  under  whose  shadows  young  Edward  was  marshalling 
his  avenging  army,  from  Micklegate  Bar  over  which  the  head 
of  his  beloved  father  was  withering  in  the  chilling  gales  of 
that  bitter  month  of  March,  1461.  Nine  of  those,  miles 
covered  the  distance  from  York  to  Tadcaster  on  the  river 
Wharfe,  and  the  rest  of  the  distance,  from  the  Wharfe  to  the 
Aire,  was  the  scene  of  the  momentous  campaign. 

The  tract  of  country  between  the  Wharfe  and  the  Aire 
is  a  portion  of  that  magnesian  limestone  formation  which 
extends  in  a  narrow  zone  across  Yorkshire.  It  is  crossed 
by  the  principal  rivers  flowing  to  the  Humber — the  Ure, 
the  Nidd,  the  Wharfe,  the  Aire,  the  Went,  and  the  Don ; 
and  they  all  form  picturesque  gorges,  with  overhanging 
limestone  cliffs  and  crags,  before  they  enter  the  great 
alluvial  plain  of  York  with  its  isolated  hills  and  knolls  of 
bunter  sandstone.  This  hilly  limestone  region,  between  the 
Wharfe  and  the  Aire,  was  once  a  great  forest  of  elm-trees. 
It  was  the  Elmet  of  remote  times,  or  "  Regis  Loidis,''  the 
"  Sylva  EhnetcB  "  of  Bede.^  When  the  forest  was  cleared 
the  name  remained,  and  the  people  called  the  limestone 
country — "  Elmet  lands.''  It  was  of  stones  from  the  quarries 
of  this  district  that  York  Minster  was  built ;  ^^  and  lime  was 
burnt  at  Brother  ton  and  Knottingley  on  the  Aire,  to  be  sent 
up  the  river  for  the  fertihzation  of  less  favoured  soils.  The 
Roman  station  of  Calcaria,  whether  its  situation  was  at 
Tadcaster  or  Newton  Kyme,  was  so  named  from  the 
limestone  of  the  adjacent  hills. 

^  Ecc.  Hist.  II.  cap.  14.    Elmet,  aa  is  ^  Huddlcston  quarry  is  a  mile  west  of 

well  known,  was  a  small  British  kingdom  Sherbum.   The  Chapter  of  York  Minster 

which  held  out  against  the  Saxons  until  took  a  lease  of  it  for  eighty  years  in  1885. 

616.    Sherbum  was  on  its  eastern  fron-  The  stones  were  taken  to  Cawood,  and 

tier.  thenoe  by  water  to  York, 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON.  7 

The  little  river  Cock  rises  on  Bramham  Moor,  flows 
through  this  limestone  region  in  a  winding  course  among 
the  undulating  hills,  and  falls  into  the  Wharfe  below 
Tadcaster.  Passing  the  village  of  Barwick-in-EImet,  it 
winds  along  the  skirts  of  "  Becca  Banks,"  so  famous  for  rare 
wild  flowers,  flows  imder  the  bridge  at  Aberford,  and  west- 
ward to  Lead  Hall,  a  farm-house  in  a  great  meadow  about 
half  a  mile  short  of  the  village  of  Saxton.  Thence  it  takes 
a  northerly  course  to  its  junction  with  the  Wharfe.  Here 
the  winding  little  brook  has  hills  on  either  side,  covered 
with  woods,  with  Towton  on  the  right  bank  and  Hazlewood, 
the  ancient  seat  of  the  Vavasours,  to  the  hft.  It  passes 
through  extensive  willow  garths,  and  by  the  village  of 
Stutton,  entering  the  Wharfe  near  Tadcaster,  after  a  course 
of  about  ten  miles. 

At  present  the  road  from  York  to  Pomfret  turns  south  at 
the  end  of  Tadcaster  street,  and  goes  direct  to  Towton  and 
Sherburn,  passing  the  lodge  gates  of  Grimston.  But  in 
those  days  it  continued  along  the  left  bank  of  the  Cock  to 
beyond  Stutton,  crossed  the  little  river  by  Renshaw  Woo(J, 
and  led  up  a  gentle  slope  to  Towton.  Hy  this  route  the 
Lancastrian  army  advanced  from  Tadcaster,  and  encamped 
on  the  fields  between  Towton  and  Saxton.  The  main  road 
leads  direct  from  Towton  to  Sherburn,  leaving  Saxton  on 
the  right  and  Scarthingwell,  with  its  mere  and  heronry,  on 
the  left.  From  Sherburn  to  Ferrybridge  the  distance  is  six 
miles  due  south.  The  distance  from  Ferrybridge,  by 
Sherburn  and  Saxton,  to  the  battle-field  of  Towton,  is  nine 
miles. 

On  the  26th  of  March,  1461,  the  great  army  of  the 
Lancastrians  was  encamped  round  Towton.  King  Edward's 
headquarters  were  at  Pomfret,  and  he  had  an  advanced  post 
to  defend  the  passage  of  the  river  Aire  in  his  front,  at 
Ferrybridge,  under  the  command  of  Sir  John  Ratcliffe,  K.G., 
the  titular  Lord  Fitzwalter,  an  experienced  veteran  of  the 
French  war.  The  intention  of  the  Lancastrian  leaders,  in 
advancing  across  the  Wharfe,  was  to  oppose  the  passage  of 
Edward's  army  over  the  river  Aire,  at  Ferrybridge.  The 
deposed  King  and  Queen,  with  Lord  Roos  and  Dr.  Morton, 
remained  at  York.  But  the  Lancastrians  were  too  late. 
Lord  Clifford  and  Sir  John  Neville,  however,  pressed  forward 
in  advance,  in    hopes  of  surprising   the  outlying   post  of 


8  THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON. 

Yorkists  at  Ferrybridge.  In  this  they  were  successful.  The 
p;uard  at  the  bridge  was  taken  completely  by  surprise  before 
dawn  of  the  28th  of  March,  and  slauglitered  by  Lord 
CliflFord's  men.  Lord  Fitzwalter,  hearing  the  noise,  thought 
it  was  merely  a  disturbance  among  his  own  soldiers.  He 
jumped  out  of  bed,  ran  down  with  a  battle-axe  in  his  hand, 
and  was  slain  as  ho  came  into  the  street.  The  brave 
young  bastard  of  Salisbury  fell  with  him. 

This  unexpected  onslaught  caused  a  panic  in  the  Yorkist 
camp,  which  was  increased  by  the  conduct  of  the  excitable 
Karl  of  Warwick.  He  galloped  up  to  the  King's  tent,  dis- 
mounted, and  killed  his  horse,  crying  out,  "  Let  him  fly  that 
will,  for  surely  by  this  cross  I  will  tarry  with  him  who  will 
tarry  with  me,  fall  back  fall  edge  ;"  and  he  kissed  the 
crossed  hilt  of  his  sword.  The  conduct  of  young  Edward 
was  very  different.  Perfectly  cool  and  collected,  his  firm- 
ness restored  order  among  the  soldiers.  He  soon  saw  that 
the  attack  had  been  suddenly  made  by  a  small  force  which 
would  as  rapidly  retreat.  He,  therefore,  gave  prompt 
orders  to  his  uncle,  Lord  Fauconberg,  to  cross  the  river  Aire 
at  Castleford,  about  three  miles  to  the  left,  with  troops  led 
by  Sir  Walter  Blount  and  Robert  Home  of  Kent.  His 
object  was  to  intercept  the  retreat  of  Lord  Clifford.  This 
judicious  order  was  ably  carried  out  by  the  veteran  general. 
Fauconberg  overtook  the  enemy,  and  a  complete  rout  of 
the  Lancastrians  followed.  The  chase  was  continued  through 
Sherburn  to  a  little  valley  called  Dintingdale,  between 
Scarthingwell  and  Towton.^^  Here  there  was  a  rally,  close 
to  the  outposts  of  the  main  army  of  Lancastrians.  Lord 
Clifford,  while  taking  off*  his  gorget,  owing  to  the  heat  or 
from  its  having  chafed  his  neck,  was  struck  by  an  arrow  and 
killed.  It  was  reported  that  the  arrow  was  without  a  head. 
Sir  John  Neville  was  also  slain,  and  there  was  a  great 
slaughter  among  the  flying  troops.  The  Yorkist  pursuers 
fell  back  on  their  supports  without  serious  loss. 

The  death  of  these  two  gallant  leaders  was  a  severe  blow. 
Lord  Clifford  was  only  in    his  twenty-sixth  year.^^      His 

^^  Hall  has    DuUingdale,    Habins^ton  name  of  DiUingdaU  in  a  small  valley 

spells  it  DindingdaU,  Baker  has  ^an-  between  Scarthingwell  and  Towton.  It  is 

dingddU,    No  such  place  is  on  the  maps.  in  Scarthingwell  Park. 
But  Whitaker,  in  his  History  of  Craven,  ^^  In  Lady  Pembroke's  MS.  memoirs 

■ays  that  the  Rev.  F.  Wilkinson,  Vicar  of  the  birthday  of  this  Lord  CliflTord  is  given 

Bordsey,  discovered  the  a] most- forgotteu  on  April  8th,  1430;   but  there  is  other 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON.  9 

father  was  slain  at  the  first  battle  of  St.  Albans,  and  he  had 
naturally  joined  the  same  cause  with  enthusiasm.  But  the 
fiction  about  the  slaughter  of  a  defenceless  little  boy  on 
Wakefield  bridge  is  disproved  by  the  fact  that  the  Earl  of 
llutland  was  then  in  his  eighteenth  year,  a  good  deal  older 
than  the  Black  Prince  at  Cressy,  and  there  is  no  reason  to 
believe  that  CHfford  was  exceptionally  fierce  or  cruel.  He 
was  evidently  an  active  and  enterprising  leader.  It  is  the 
tradition  of  his  family  that  Lord  Clifford  was  buried  with  a 
heap  of  undistinguished  dead  on  the  battle-field.  By  his  wife 
JIargaret,  heiress  of  Henry  Bromflete,  Baron  de  Vesci,  he 
left  four  children.  His  eldest  son,  well  known  as  "The 
Shepherd  Lord,"  was  kept  in  concealment  until  the  accession 
of  Henry  Yll.  Sir  John  Keville,  a  younger  brother  of  the 
second  Earl  of  Westmoreland,  and  father  of  the  third  Earl, 
was  married  to  a  sister  of  the  Duke  of  Exeter.  There  is 
reason  to  think  that  Sir  John  was  buried  within  Sax  ton 
church,  and  that  Leland  mistook  his  interment  there  for  that 
of  his  brother  the  Earl  of  Westmoreland.^^  The  loss  of 
these  two  gallant  and  influential  young  leaders  must  have 
cast  a  gloom  over  the  Lancastrian  army,  when  scattered 
fugitives  brought  in  the  news,  on  that  Saturday  night. 

King  Edward  now  resolved  to  advance  with  his  whole 
force  and  attack  the  enemy  where  he  was  encamped-  He 
believed  that  the  main  body  could  not  have  been  very 
distant,  when  Lord  Cliflbrd  was  detached  to  make  the  attack 
at  Ferrybridge.  The  van  division  of  the  Yorkist  army,  led  by 
Lord  Fauconberg  and  Sir  William  Blount,  was  already  across 
the  river  Aire,  and  orders  were  given  to  them  to  march  north- 
wards by  Sherburn  and  Saxton.  The  King  and  Warwick, 
with  the  main  body,  were  to  follow.  The  Duke  of  Norfolk 
should  have  led  the  van,  but  he  was  taken  ill,  and  it  was 
arranged  that  he  should  remain  behind  at  Pomfret  with 
Sir  John  Wenlock,  K.G.,^*  and  Sir  John  Dynham,  and  follow 
next  day  with  the  rear  division  and  any  reinforcements  that 
might  have  arrived. 

evidence  for  placing  it  four  years  later.  brother  of  the  second,  and  father  of  the 

See  Whitaker's  Craven.  third  Earl  of  Westmoreland.   The  second 

^  Leland  says  that  the  Earl  of  West-  earl  died  in  1485.    Sharon  Turner  and 

moreland  was  killed,  and  buried  within  later  writers  repeat  the  blunder  about 

Saxton  Church.     Hall  also  includes  the  the  Earl  of  Westmoreland.     He  was  not 

Earl  of  Westmoreland  among  the  slain.  in  the  battle. 

They  probably  mistook  him  for  Sir  John  *"*  Drake  calls  him  Venice!    Eboracum, 

Neville,  who  was  grandson  of  the  first,  p.  110. 


10  THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTOJf. 

During  theT28th  of  March,  the  eve  of  Palm  Sunday,  the 
Yorkist  arniy  was  marching  northward  in  two  divisions.  It 
must  have  been  late  in  the  afternoon  when  the  division  of 
Lord  Fauconberg  passed  through  Sherburn-in-Elraet,  a  long 
street,  with  the  old  Norman  church  on  an  isolated  hill  to  the 
westward.^^  Two  miles  more  brought  Lord  Fauconberg  to 
Saxton,  late  in  the  evening.  Saxton  was  a  small  village 
with  a  manor  house,  and  a  very  old  church  of  Norman  times, 
whence  a  steep  ascent  leads  to  the  battle  field.  To  the  east 
is  the  high  road  from  Pomfret  to  York,  passing  over  elevated 
ground.  To  the  west  is  a  ravine  with  steep  sides  sloping 
down  to  the  valley  of  the  Cock.  The  little  brook  is  seen, 
winding  through  the  green  valley,  with  hanging  woods  on 
either  side,  and  the  front  of  Hazlewood  Hall,  embosomed  in 
trees,  in  the  middle  distance.  Northwards  there  was  high 
undulating  ground,  and  the  little  hamlet  of  Towton  is  two 
miles  north  of  Saxton. 

On  this  ground  the  Lancastrian  army,  60,000  strong,  was 
encamped.  The  centre,  led  by  the  Earl  of  Northumberland 
and  his  brother  Richard  Percy,  with  Lord  Welles  and  Sir 
Andrew  TroUope,  was  formed  across  the  road  leading  up 
from  Saxton.  To  the  east,  forming  the  Lancastrian  loft, 
Lord  Dacre  and  his  brother-in-law  Lord  Fitz-Hugh,  were 
encamped  on  some  land  called  "  North  Acres."  With  them 
were  Sir  Ralph  Eure,  and  Sir  Ralph  Bigot,  who  had  married 
a  coheiress  of  Lord  Mauley.  To  the  west,  forming  the  right 
wing,  were  the  Earls  of  Devonshire  and  Wiltshire,  and  Lords 
Hungerford  and  Beaumont.  The  Dukes  of  Somerset  and 
Exeter  commanded  the  reserve  at  Towton  village. 

When  Lord  Fauconberg  arrived  at  Sexton,  he  ascertained 
the  position  of  the  enemy,  and  sent  intelligence  to  the  King. 
Edward  had  probably  reached  Sherburn  by  that  time,  and  he 
at  once  pushed  forward  to  the  neighbourhood  of  Saxton. 
Among  his  numerous  standards  was  one  of  "the  Blak 
« Bulle,"  carried  by  one  Ralph  Vestynden,  who  afterwards 
received  an  annuity  of  £10  "for  the  good  agreeable  service 
which  he  did  unto  us,"  in  holding  and  bearing  it  in  the 
battle.     The   whole  Yorkist  force  then  numbered  48,640 

^  EdDg  Athelstan  had  a  palace  at  Sher-  palace,  to  use  the  ttones  for  York  Min- 

bum,   924-941,  which  he  gave  to  the  ster.     Sherburn  is  now  famous  for  its 

Archbishop  of  York.     It  was  Archbishop  winesour  plums. 
Tboreaby    who    demolished    Sherburn 


THE   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON.  11 

men,  including  the  reserves,  which  were  still  at  Pomfret  under 
the  Duke  of  Norfolk. 

Palm  Sunday  dawned,  and  found  the  host  of  young  Edward 
facing  the  long  array  of  Lancastrians.  It  was  bitterly  cold. 
The  advance  up  the  sloping  hillside  from  Saxton  village  was 
made  between  eight  and  nine  o'clock  in  the  forenoon,  and 
when  the  hostile  forces  came  in  sight  there  was  a  great  shout- 
ing. At  the  same  time  snow  began  to  fall.  The  wind  was 
northerly  in  the  early  morning,  but  it  veered  round,  became 
fresher,  and  by  nine  o'clock  it  was  driving  the  snow  full  into 
the  faces  of  the  Lancastrian  troops,  Tlie  two  armies,  just 
before  they  closed,  were  separated  by  an  undulating  de- 
pression which  marks  the  exact  position  of  the  battle-field. 

Lord  Fauconberg  caused  every  archer  under  his  standard 
to  shoot  one  flight  of  arrows  and  then  halt.     The  enemy  felt 
the  volley,  but  could  not  judge  of  distances  on  account  of  the 
blinding  snow.     They  shot  their  arrows  as  far  as  they  could, 
but  they  fell  short  by  at  least  forty  yards.     When  the  quivers 
of  the  enemy  were  nearly  empt3%  Lord  Fauconberg  gave  the 
order  for  his  archers  to  advance,  shooting  as  they  came  on, 
and  they  not  only  shot  oflF  their  own  arrows,  but  gathered 
those  of  the  enemy,  and  sent  many  of  them  back  whence 
they  came.     Others  were  stuck  upright  in  the  ground,  to 
embarrass  the  Lancastrians  when  the  battle  joined.     Then 
the  Earl  of  Northumberland  ordered  his  men  to  close,  and 
the  battle  became  a  fierce  hand  to  hand  combat  all  along  the 
line.     For  several  hours  the   desperate   conflict  continued 
ebbing  and  flowing,  with  doubtful  result,  the  snow  still  fall- 
ing.     Young    Edward   was    everywhere,   exhorting    and 
encouraging  the  men,  leading  them  on  when  they  wavered, 
and  helping  the  wounded  out  of  the  fray.     The  struggle  was 
obstinate  and  long  doubtful.     Men  were  falling  fast  on  both 
sides.  Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton  was  severely  wounded.  Robert 
Home,  the  valiant  Captain  of  Kent,  fell  dead.     He  came 
from  the  manor  house  of  Appledore  on  the  banks  of  the 
Rother,  where  his  family  had  been  seated  since  the  days  of 
King  John,  and  he  had  done  yeoman's  service  under  Lord 
Fauconberg. 

Messengers  had  been  sent,  in  hot  haste,  to  hurry  up 
the  Duke  of  Norfolk  with  the  reserves.  He  arrived  at  about 
noon.  With  his  trusty  lieutenants,  Dynham  and  Wenlock, 
he  led  his  men  up  the  road  from  Sherburn,  keeping  well  to 


12 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON. 


the  east  of  Saxton,  and  falling  upon  the  Lancastrian  left 
flank  at  "North  Acres/'  Here  Sir  Richard  Jenney  of 
Norfolk  was  killed,  a  brother  of  Sir  William  Jenney  the 
Chief  Justice. 

This  was  the  turning  point  of  the  battle.  The  Lancas- 
trians were  disheartened  at  the  arrival  of  fresh  foes.  The 
lighting  continued  until  late  in  the  afternoon  and  the 
slaughter  was  prodigious,  but  gradually  the  Lancastrian  left 
wing  was  doubled  up  on  the  centre  ;  the  confusion  increased, 
and  there  was  a  complete  rout.  Lord  Dacre  had  fallen  early 
in  the  day.  He  was  killed  by  a  boy  who  shot  him  from  a 
"  bur  tree,"  ^**  when  he  had  unclasped  his  helmet  to  drink  a 
cup  of  wine.  The  lad  thus  avenged  his  father  s  death,  who  had 
been  slain  by  the  northern  baron.  The  tree  was  long  pointed 
out,  and  had  only  decayed  a  few  years  before  Glover's 
visitation  in  1585.      The  country  people  had  this  rhyme  : — 

"  The  Lord  of  D  acres 
Was  slain  in  the  North  Acres." 


His  friends  Sir  John  and  Sir  Thomas  Crakenthorpe,  from 
the  banks  of  the  Eden,  fell  with  him.  The  Earl  of  Northum- 
berland, with  his  brother  Sir  Richard  Percy,  Lord  Welles, 
and  Sir  Andrew  Trollope  with  his  brother  David,  were  slain 
in  the  thick  of  the  fight.  Sir  Ralph  Eure,  Sir  Robert  Hild- 
yard  of  Winestead,  Sir  John  Bigot,^^  Sir  Ralph  Pigot,^^ 
Sir  John  Heron  de  Porde,  Sir  Edward  Hawis,  Sir  William 
Havill,  Sir  Henry  Norbohew,^®  two  bastards  of  the  Duke  of 
Exeter,  and  John  Burton,  a  captain  of  the  York  bands, 
swelled  the  melancholy  list  of  Lancastrian  dead.  With  the 
retreat  to  the  eastward  cut  off  by  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  the 
defeated  army  fled  down  the  steep  slopes  into  the  valley  of 
the  Cock,  closely  pursued. 

The  well-mounted  noblemen,  Somerset  and  Exeter,  Devon- 


"•  Loidis  and  Elmete,  p.  156.  Dr. 
Whitaker  says  that  the  word  '*  bur  **  is 
yery  distinct  in  Glover's  manuscript.  It 
means  an  elder  tree,  from  the  old  Norse 
**burr'''  or  **baurr" 

^0  In  the  Paston  letter  the  name  is 
given  as  "Dpminus  de  Malley,"  **Ra- 
dulphus  Bigot  Miles."  But  it  was  Sir 
John  Bigot  who  married  Constance,  the 
widow  of  William  Fairfax,  and  co-heiress 
of  her  brother  Peter  Lord  Mauley  ;  and 
lie  It  moat  be  who  ia  intended,     in  the 


division,  on  Lord  Mauley's  death.  Bigot 
received  Mulgrave  Castle.  The  barony 
fell  into  abeyance  between  two  sisters,  so 
that  Bigot  is  erroneously  called  ''Dominus 
de  Malley." 

»7  This  may  be  the  Sir  Ralph  Pigot 
who  married  Margaret  Plumpton  (Glo- 
ver's Visitation). 

^^  Doubtless  a  misprint  in  Stow.  Pos- 
sibly the  Notehylle  of  the  Bill  of  At- 
tainder. 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON.  13 

sliire  and  Wiltshire,  Beaumont,  Hungerford,  and  FitzHugb, 
effected  their  escape  ;  with  Sir  Kalph  Gray,  Sir  John  Butler, 
and  many  other  knights.  But  the  footmen  were  cut  down  by 
liundreds  in  the  pursuit.  The  little  brook  is  not  very  wide, 
but  it  is  deep,  and  many  fugitives  were  drowned  in  it.  The 
country  people  declared  that  the  pursuers  crossed  the  brook 
on  dead  bodies  ;  and  that  the  river  Wharfe  was  coloured 
with  blood.  The  Croyland  Monk  says  that  the  blood  of  the 
slain  lay  caked  with  the  snow,  which  then  covered  the 
ground,  and  that  afterwards,  when  the  snow  melted,  the 
blood  flowed  along  the  furrows  and  ditches  for  a  distance  of 
two  or  three  miles. 

The  chase  continued  all  night  and  part  of  next  day. 
When  tlie  fugitives  saw  an  advantageous  position  they 
rallied  here  and  there  and  fought  with  their  pursuers.  There 
was  a  brief  rally  at  Tadcaster,  which  belonged  to  the  Earl 
of  Northumberland.  A  large  body  crossed  the  Wharfe  with 
the  enemy  at  their  heels.  Some  probably  found  refuge  in 
Hoalaugh  Priory,  where  the  canons  were  then  presided  over 
by  Prior  Christopher  Lofthouse.  The  rest  fled  on.  These 
found  a  rallying  point  at  the  hamlet  of  Sandwith,  in  Bil- 
brough  parish.  Here  eveiy  cottage  was  razed  to  the  ground, 
never  to  be  rebuilt.  The  lowest  estimate  of  the  loss,  from  the 
attack  at  Ferrybridge  on  the  28th  to  the  end  of  the  pursuit,  is 
given  by  Polydore  Virgil  at  20,000.  He  adds  that  of  these 
there  were  fully  10,000  wounded  or  made  prisoners,  of  whom 
some  were  cured  and  some  died.  This  contradicts  the  later 
statement  of  Hall,  which  is  adopted  by  modern  writers,  that 
no  quarter  was  given. 

The  fugitive  nobles  only  had  time  to  ride  through  York, 
calling  upon  Henry  and  Margaret  with  their  child  to  mount 
;ind  ride  as  hard  as  their  horses  could  carry  them.  Away 
they  went  out  of  Bootham  and  through  the  dark  forest  of 
Galtres,  to  take  refuge  in  Scotland. 

King  Edward  advanced  to  York  on  Monday,  the  30th  of 
March,  1461,  where  he  was  received  with  great  solemnity  by 
the  mayor  and  commons  of  the  city  in  procession.  They 
obtained  grace  through  the  intercession  of  Lords  Montague 
and  Berners.  The  heads  of  the  Duke  of  York,  the  Earl  of 
Salisbury,  and  the  Earl  of  Rutland  were  removed  from  the 
waUs  of  York,  and  placed  with  the  bodies  at  Pomfret,  pre- 
paratory to  the  subsequent  magnificent  obsequies  at  Fother- 


14 


THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 


ingay  and  Bisham.  Four  executions  took  place  at  York. 
The  young  Earl  of  Devonshire  had  been  taken  prisoner  in  the 
pursuit,  with  many  others.  Of  these  the  Earl  and  his  friend 
Sir  Baldwin  Fulford,  Sir  William  Talboys,^^  and  Sir  William 
Hill  were  beheaded.  The  Earl  of  Wiltshire  was  apprehended 
at  Cockermouth  by  William  Salkeld,  and  beheaded  at  New- 
castle on  the  1st  of  May.  For  this  prominent  actor  in  the 
deeds  after  Wakefield  fight  there  could  be  no  forgiveness. 
His  head  was  stuck  over  London  Bridge.  The  young  King 
despatched  a  letter  to  his  mother,  with  the  news  of  the 
victory,  by  a  special  messenger.  It  reached  the  Duchess  at 
Baynard's  Castle  at  11  o'clock  on  the  4th  of  April,  and  was 
there  seen  by  William  Paston.^^  On  the  same  day  Te  Deum 
was  sung  at  St.  Paul's  and  in  all  the  London  churches. 

King  Edward  kept  his  Easter  at  York,  which  fell  that 
year  on  the  5  th  of  April.  He  then  advanced  as  far  as 
Durham,  whence  he  turned  southwards,  leaving  the  pacifi- 
cation of  the  north  to  the  Earl  of  Warwick  and  his  brother 
Lord  Montague.  Early  in  June  Edward  was  at  the  manor 
of  Shene,  and  on  the  27th  of  that  month  he  came  from 
Shene  to  the  Tower  of  London.  On  the  28th  he  created 
thirty  Knights  of  the  Bath,  and  on  Sunday  the  29  th  he  was 
solemnly  crowned  in  Westminster  Abbey  by  Cardinal  Bour- 
chier,  Archbishop  of  Cantei'bury. 

The  dead  choked  the  little  Cock  beck,  filled  the  valley, 
and  were  strewn  over  the  hill  slopes  and  battle-field.  The 
bodies  of  nobles  and  knights  were  claimed  by  relatives  and 
retainers,  and  received  honourable  interment. 

The  greatest  among  the  slain  was  Henry  Percy,  Earl  of 
Northumberland,  a  first  cousin  of  King  Edward  IV.  He 
had  a  family  mansion  in  York,  called  Percy's  Inn,  on  the 
north  side  of  Walmgate,  opposite  the  church  of  St.  Denis. 
Thither  his  body,  probably  with  that  of  his  brother,  Sir 
llichard  Percy,  was  conveyed,^^  and  thence  it  was  taken  to 


^*  At  leaat  I  presume  that  **the  Earl 
of  Kyme"  mentioned  by  Stow  was  Sir 
William  Talboys.  There  never  was  an 
Earl  of  Kyme,  but  Sir  William  was  Lord 
of  Kyme  in  Lincolnshire,  and  also  of 
Newton  Kyme  in  Yorkshire  :  inheritances 
from  the  heiress  of  Umfraville.  Oilbert 
jde  Umf  raville,  who  was  slain  at  the  battle 
of  Beaug6  in  1421,  was  also  incorrectly 
fctyled  "  Karl  of  Kyme;"    tie  was  Earl  of 


Angus,  but  merely  Lord  of  Kyme. 

^  Paston  Letters  {Gairdner's  edition, 
1874),  ii.  p.  5. 

'*  Whitaker  thinks  that  it  is  pretty 
satisfactorily  proved  that  the  Earl  reached 
York  to  die.  and  refers  to  Drake  as  his 
authority  {Loidis  and  Elmctey  p.  135). 
But  there  is  nothing  of  the  kind  in 
Drake,  who  speaHs  of  the  Earl  as  *Muin 
that  was  elain  at  To wton  field,"  p.  806. 


THE    BATTLE   OP   TOWTON.  15 

St.  Denis  church,  where  it  was  buried  in  the  north  choir 
under  a  blue  marble  tomb,  which  once  had  two  effigies  on  it 
and  an  inscription  round  it  in  brass.  These  were  quite 
obliterated  in  Drake's  time.^^  Formerly  the  windows  of  St. 
Denis  were  resplendent  with  the  effigies  and  heraldic 
insignia  of  the  illustrious  house  of  Percy ;  and  Mr.  Davies 
says  that  some  fragments  may  yet  be  traced  amongst  the 
shattered  and  misplaced  glass  which  remains  in  the  church.^ 
There  was  a  splendid  stained-glass  window,  put  up  as  a 
monument  to  the  Earl  of  Northumberland,  who  fell  at 
Towton,  and  his  wife,  Eleanor  Poynings.  It  also  contained 
the  kneeling  figures  of  his  father  and  mother,  and  of  his 
brothers,  Lord  Egremont  and  Sir  Richard  Percy,  all  with 
surcoats  of  their  arms.  But  it  was  injured  after  the  Reform- 
ation, and  quite  defaced  in  Drake's  time.^* 

The  body  of  brave  old  Lionel,  Lord  Welles,  was  taken  to 
Methley,  in  the  valley  of  the  Calder,  and  buried  in  the 
Waterton  chapel.  His  first  wife  and  the  mother  of  his 
children  had  been  Cicely,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Waterton, 
of  Methley,  by  Cicely  Flemings.  The  Waterton  chapel  is  a 
chantry  on  the  south  side  of  the  choir  of  Methley  church, 
founded  in  1424.  Against  the  south  wall  is  the  tomb  of 
Lord  Welles  and  his  wife,  with  highly  finished  recumbent 
figures,  which  have  the  appearance  of  portraits.^  The 
distance  of  Methley  from  the  battle-field  is  little  over  ten 
miles. 

Ralph  Lord  Dacre,  first  cousin  of  Lord  Clifford,  who  fell 
the  day  before  at  Dintingdale,  was  buried  in  Saxton  church- 
yard, on  the  north  side  of  the  church.^^  It  is  said  that  he 
was  interred  in  an  upright  posture,  with  his  horse  beneath 
him.  An  altar  tomb  of  Craven  limestone  ^^  was  placed  over 
his  grave.  There  is  an  insQription  on  the  flat  slab,  and  four 
shields  of  arms :  two  of  them  bearing  Dacre  and  Multon  of 
Gillesland  quarterly,  and  Dacre  and  Vaux  quarterly  ;  and 
two  other  larger  shields  having  Dacre  and  Multon  quarterly, 
impaled  with  Marmion  and  Fitz  Hugh  quarterly.      Lord 

^  Ehoracum,  p.  306.  at  Slierburn  to  this  eflfect— "  1787.    At 

^  Exiroucis  fr4iii  Municipal  Records  of  this  month  of  March  the  skull  of  Lord 

York,  p.  39  (n).  Dacres  was  dug  up  in  Saxton  field  by  me, 

2*  It  is  figured  in  Drake's  Eboracum  :  John  llogers,  Vicar  of  Sherburn." 
on  the  plate  facing  p.  307.  ^'  Probably    from   a   quarry  between 

»  Whitaker.  Pateley  Bridge  and  Skipton, 

^  There  is  an  entry  in  the  register 


16  TUE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 

Dacre  had  married  Eleanor,  daughter  of  WiUiani  Lord  Fitz 
Hugh,  whose  mother  was  the  heiress  of  Marmion.^®  The 
inscription  is  as  follows  : — 

HIC  JACET   RANULPH  055" US 
DE  DAKAR  ET  GILLESLAND  VERUS  MILES  STRENUUS  IN  BELLO  PRO  REGE  HENRICO 

VI  a5^0  Df^I  MCCCCLXI  XXIX  DIE  MENSIS  MAH 
VIDLT   D5^ICA  PALMARUM   CU   AN   PiTlET  DSfS   AME 

Dr.  Whitaker,  writing  in  1816,  say s,^^ —"  Many  years  ago 
this  tomb  was  violently  wrenched  open  (for  it  had  been 
strongly  clamped  together  with  iron),  in  order  to  inter 
beneath  it  a  Mr.  Gascoigne.  A  fragment  of  the  slab  and  a 
material  part  of  the  inscription  was  then  broken  off.'*  The 
slab  had  been  broken  right  across,  and  the  word  following 
"Dakar''  was  obliterated.  Dr.  Whitaker  says  that  Hop- 
kinson,  the  genealogist,  had  a  copy  of  the  inscription  amons: 
his  manuscripts,  made  by  a  transcriber  in  about  the  time  of 
Charles  I.  This  version  gives  "  Greystocke "  instead  of 
'' Gilleslavd/'  and  ''heros^'  for  ^' verus."  It  also  inserts 
^'qui  ohiit'^  after  ^'  strenuus.^*  Dr.  Whitaker  rightl}^  adopts 
'^verus'*  instead  of  ''heros'^  but  rejects  the  word  '' strenuus,'' 
while  retaining  ''quiohiit;"  because  there  is  not  room  for 
both.  But  ''  strenims"  is  the  word  to  be  retained.  Dr. 
Whitaker  also  adopts  "  Greystocke''  which  is  certainly 
wrong,  for  it  was  this  Lord  Dacre's  nephew  who  married  the 
heiress  of  Greystocke.  Drake  says  that  in  his  time  the  slab 
was  much  broken  and  defaced,  showing  that  the  Gascoigne 
desecration  took  place  before  his  visit — about  1736.  He 
gives  a  version  of  the  inscription,  omitting  the  word  after 
'' Dakar,^^  which  was  then  obliterated.  After  ''Miles'' 
Drake  has  '*  et  occisus  erat  in  hello"  and  ''principe"  for 
''pro  rege"  which  is  quite  wrong.^°  The  inscription  was 
then,  as  now,  very  faint. 

The  tomb  was  in  a  deplorable  state,  when  an  appeal  was 
made  in  1883  to  the  trustees  of  the  Earl  of  Carlisle,  as 
representative  of  the  Dacres  of  Gillesland,  and  they  con- 

^  Dugdale,  followed  by  Burke,  gives  to  be  a  mistake  for  Ralph.     The  elder 

Thomas  (not  Ralph)  as  the  ChrisdaD  name  brother  Thomas  married  Elizabeth  Bowes, 

of  the  Lord  Dacre  who  married  Kleanor  and  died  in  his  father's  lifetime. 

Fitz  Hugh.     But  there  was  no   Thomas  29  Jjoidis  aiid  Mmcte,  p.  156. 

Lord  Dacre  at  that  time  who  could  have  ^o  £boracum,  p.  111. 
made  such  a  marriage,  and  it  seems  clearly 


TUB   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON.  17 

Rented  to  defray  the  expense  of  its  restoration.  The  grave 
^vas  in  no  way  disturbed,  a  solid  bed  of  concrete  being  laid 
ilown,  on  which  to  re-erect  the  stones  comprising  the  monu- 
ment. An  iron  railing  was  placed  round  the  tomb,  and  the 
inscription  and  coats  of  arms,  as  given  above,  were  repeated 
on  a  coping  outside  the  railing.  The  inscription  was  obtained 
by  a  careful  comparison  of  the  diflferent  readings  with  the 
much-worn  letters  on  the  slab.  The  work  of  restoration  was 
completed  on  July  21st,  1883.^^ 

Dugdale  called  this  "a  mean  tomb,"  copying  from  Stowe 
who  copied  from  Leland.  liut  Leland's  meaning  was  that 
it  was  **  mean ''  in  the  sense  of  "  moderate,"  as  Dr.  Wliitaker 
points  out,  and  he  did  not  use  the  word  to  convey  contempt. 
It  is  a  plain  altar  tomb,  simple  and  in  good  taste,  and  has 
answered  its  purpose  for  upwards  of  four  centuries.  Lord 
Dacre  was  a  first  cousin  of  King  Edward,  and  his  remains 
would  naturally  receive  honourable  sepulture.  There  is 
something  whicli  excites  interest  in  the  tradition  that  his 
servants  buried  his  faithful  war-horse  with  their  master.  In 
making  a  grave  close  to  Lord  Dacre's  tomb  in  1861,  on  the 
south  side,  the  sexton  dug  into  a  horse's  skull,  which  was  so 
placed  as  to  show  that  the  vertebra)  of  the  neck  extended 
into  its  master's  grave.  These  remains  were  about  six  feet 
below  the  surface,  showing  thnt  the  body  of  the  horse  lies 
beneath  that  of  Loi'd  Dacre.  The  bones  of  the  skull  are  now 
ill  the  possession  of  Mr.  Webb,  the  Vicar  of  Saxton. 

The  tower  of  Saxton  church  is  of  later  date  than 
1461,  and  the  walls  are  partly  built  of  slabs  with  crosses 
cut  on  them,  which  are  all  uniform  and  of  the  same  character. 
These  were  probably  memorials  of  knights  and  esquires  who 
fell  at  Tow  ton. 

The  undistinguished  thousands  of  dead  were  at  first  buried 
in  five  great  pits  on  the  battle-field,  and  in  separate  graves 
in  the  valley.  It  was  a  tradition  that  red  and  white  roses 
grew  and  flowered  over  the  graves  on  the  battle-field  ;  and 
it  is  true  that  there  are  many  rose-bushes  in  the  meadows, 
liut  Leland  tells  us  that  Master  Hungate^**  of  Saxton  caused 

'*  Od  its  completion  the  Rev.  S.  O.  M.  at  Saxton  before  the  battle  of  Towton. 

Webb,  Vicar  uf  Saxton.  sent  an  account  The  Hungates  were  great  benefactors  to 

of  the  tomb  to  the  Yorkshire  Post,  and  it  Sherburn,  where  Robert  Hungsite  founded 

appeared  in  that  paper  on  August  17th,  a  school.     An  old  stone  house  with  the 

l3S3.  arms  of  H  ungate  on  the  wall  {gules  a 

'*•  The  family  of  Hungate  was  settled  chevron   engrailed   between    three  tidbots 

VOL.  X.  c 


18 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON. 


the  dead  bodies  to  be  brought  from  the  pits  on  the  battle- 
field, and  buried  in  consecrated  ground,  in  a  trench  running 
the  whole  length  of  the  Saxton  churchyard.  A  memorial 
chapel  was  erected  by  Richard  III.^^  at  Towton  village, 
which  appears  to  have  been  an  old  building  re-built.  Many 
of  the  slain  were  buried  there.  An  indulgence  of  forty  days 
was  granted  to  it  in  1488.^^  It  was  standing  in  Leland's 
time,  but  there  is  no  vestige  of  King  Richard's  edifice 
now  left.  The  exact  site  is  in  the  garden  behind  Mr. 
Kendall's  house. 

Ill  a  large  meadow  on  the  left  bank  of  Cock  beck,  about 
half  a  mile  west  of  Saxton  church,  there  stands  a  lonely 
little  chapel,  which  is  often,  but  erroneously,  said  to  be  on 
the  battle-field,  and  to  have  been  erected  as  a  memorial  to 
the  slain.  On  the  right  bank  of  the  stream,  by  the  road- 
side, stands  the  "  Crooked  Billet ''  public-house,  where  tlie 
key  of  the  chapel  is  kept.  Crossing  by  a  wooden  bridge  a  road 
leads  to  a  stone  farm-house  called  Lead  Hall.  The  chapel 
stands  quite  by  itself,  in  a  large  meadow,  with  a  solitary  tree 
of  great  age  with  huge  gnarled  trunk,  on  the  south  side. 
"Lead  Chapel*'  is  built  of  stone,  with  stone  roof  and  belfry 
and  buttresses  at  the  angles.  It  is  about  30  ft.  long  by 
13 — a  plain  little  edifice  with  round  arched  doorway  at 
the  west  end  of  the  south  wall,  double-lighted  windows  with 
pointed  arches  at  the  east  and  west  ends,  and  square-headed 
windows,  opposite  to  each  other,  on  the  north  and  south 
walls.  The  very  mean  interior  fittings  appear  to  have  been 
supplied  when  the  chapel  was  repaired  in  1784.  In  the 
aisle,  before  the  communion  table,  there  are  four  long  slabs. 


sejant  argent)  is  still  standing  in  Sher- 
bum  Street.  Sir  Philip  Hungate  of 
Saxton  was  created  a  Baronet  by  Charles  I. 
in  1642,  and  the  baronetcy  became 
extinct  in  1749.  Mary  Hungate,  the 
heiress,  married  Sir  Edward  Gascoigne 
of  Parlington,  and  died  in  1791.  Saxton 
now  belong  to  Lady  Ashtown  (who  was 
Miss  Elizabeth  Gascoigne)  and  the  living 
is  ia  her  gift.  In  Saxton  Church  there  is 
a  large  Hungate  Chapel,  with  monuments 
to  Margaret  Hungate  (1694),  Sir  Philip 
(1690),  Sir  Francis  (1710),  Sir  Charles 
(1749)  ;  and  there  is  a  Hawke  tomb  in 
the  chancel.  Towton,  which  is  a  hamlet 
of  Saxton,  belongs  to  the  Hawkes,  and 
the  great  Admiral  of  that  family  was 
created  Lord   Hawke  of  Towton.    The- 


hall  at  Towton  is  rented  by  the  Kendall 
family,  who  also  have  monuments  in 
Saxton  church. 

33  Stow, 

33  14  July,  1488.  "  Indulgentia  40 
dierum  ad  speciosam  capellam  in  villa  do 
Toughton  (per  Saxton)  de  novo  a  funda- 
mentis  sumptuose  et  nobiliter  erectam. 
super  quodam  loco  sen  fondo  ubi  corpora 
procerum  et  magnatum  ac  aliorum  honii- 
num  multitudiue  copiosa  in  quodam  bello 
in  campis  circumjacentibus  iuito  interfec* 
torum  sepeliuiitur."  Dec.  1502  another 
indulgence  of  40  days  was  granted.  But 
the  chapel  had  no  endowment.  Harl. 
MS.  No.  443  is  a  Warrant  for  £40  to  be 
given  for  building  the  chapel  at  Towton, 
28  Nov.,  1433. 


THE   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON.  19 

wider  at  ono  end  than  at  the  other,  with  inscriptions  round 
the  sides  of  three  of  them  ^*  as  follows  : — 

(1)  HIC  JACET  XOBILIS  DOMIA  MARCOBIA  CUJUS  ANIME  PROPICIETUR  DEUS 

(2)  HIC  JACET  NOBILIS  MILES  BALDWINVS  TE0T0NICU8  ANIME  PROPICIETUR 

DEUS  AMEX. 

(3)  PRIEZ  PAR  L'aLME  FRANCONIS  TIEIS  KI  ICI  GIST  CHEVALIER 

On  two  of  the  stones  the  same  shields  of  arras  are  roughly 
carved,  a  fess  with  three  mallets  in  chief.  These  are  the 
arms  of  Franc  Le  Tyeys,  who  bore  argent  a  fess  gules,  in 
chiefs  mallets  of  the  last.  The  ancient  family  of  Tyeys  or 
Tyas,  who  styled  themselves  in  Latin — Teutonicus,  received 
a  grant  of  free  warren  at  Lede  or  Lead  in  1267.  They  also 
had  large  possessions  at  Woodsome  and  Farnley-Tyas,  near 
Huddersfield.  This  building,  then,  was  a  domestic  chapel 
of  the  Tyas  family  attached  to  the  adjacent  manor-house. 
The  position  of  Lead  Chapel  is  about  half  a  mile  in  rear  of 
the  ground  taken  up  by  the  left  wing  of  the  Yorkists  ;  and 
it  does  not  lie  in  the  direction  of  the  flio:ht.  It  certainly 
was  not  built  to  commemorate  the  battle ;  and  there  is  no 
authority  for  supposing  that  any  of  the  slain  were  buried 
here.  Lead  Chapel  is  in  the  parish  of  Ryther ;  but,  owing 
to  the  distance  (six  miles),  the  duty  is  undertaken  by  the 
vicar  of  Saxton.  There  are  two  services  in  the  year,  on 
the  Sundays  after  St.  Luke's  day  (October  ISth)  and  after 
St.  Mark's  day  (April  25th),  usually  at  3  p.m. 

Very  few  remains  of  arms  or  armour  have  been  turned 
up  on  the  battle-field.  Drake  says  that,  in  about  1734,  he 
saw  a  fresh  grave  opened  near  Towton,  and  that,  among  a 
vast  quantity  of  bones,  he  found  some  arrow-heads,  pieces  of 
broken  swords,  and  five  groat-pieces  of  Henry  V.  and 
Henry  VL^  Dr.  Whitaker  possessed  a  silver-gilt  ring,  with 
two  hands  conjoined,  which  was  found  on  the  field.  But  the 
most  interesting  relic  was  a  gold  ring  which  was  picked  up 
in  about  1786.  A  Hon  passant  was  cut  on  the  gold,  with 
the  words  *' Nowe  ys  thus.''  Dr.  Whitaker  suggests  that 
*^Nowe"  is  an  allusion  to  the  times — "the  times  are  fierce 
as  a  lion."  The  ring  probably  belonged  to  the  Earl  of 
Northumberland,  as  the  crest  is  that  of  the  Percys. 

The  Yorkist  cause  had  become  popular  in  all  the  large 

**  ThMe  tUbtarefiguredin  Whitakei^B  ^  Ehoracum,  p.  111. 

LoidiM  and  Elmcte. 

0  2 


20  TUB   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON. 

towns  and  manufacturing  counties,  owing  to  the  misgovern- 
incnt  of  the  Lancastrian  nobles.  It  was  upheld  by  the 
intelligence,  industry,  and  wealth  of  England  as  the  most 
beneficial  to  the  country.  The  superior  title  of  the  House 
of  York  was  certainly,  a  desirable  incident ;  but  the  true 
claim  was  based  on  Parliamentary  election  and  the  will  of 
the  people.  The  rewards  bestowed  upon  the  heroes  of 
Towton  field  were,  therefore,  popular  as  well  as  politic. 

The  Duke  of  Norfolk,  the  leader  of  highest  rank  among 
the  Yorkist  leaders  at  Towton,  did  not  live  long  to  enjoy 
the  triumph  of  his  cause.  He  had  been  the  denouncer  of 
the  Regent,  Duke  ofSomerset,  in  Parliament.  He  had  been 
a  great  but  not  always  a  just  man  in  his  county.  On  the 
death  of  old  Sir  John  Fastolf  he  had  seized  upon  his  new 
castle  of  Caister  by  an  act  of  high-handed  lawlessness.  The 
Duke  died  in  November,  1461,  and  was  buried  before  the 
high  altar  at  Thetford.  Before  his  death  he  had  restored 
Caister  to  its  rightful  owner,  John  Paston,  owing  to  the 
intercession  of  King  Edward. 

The  true  heroes  of  the  victory  at  Towton  were  Lord 
Fauconberg  and  Sir  William  Blount.  The  former  was 
created  Earl  of  Kent  and  Lord  High  Admiral.  He  was 
already  a  Knight  of  the  Garter.  But  the  old  veteran  was 
worn  out  by  many  campaigns.  He  lived  but  a  few  years 
to  enjoy  his  honours,  and  died  in  1463,  leaving  three 
daughters,  of  whom  Alice,  the  youngest,  married  Sir  John 
Conyers.  Lord  Fauconberg  was  buried  in  the  priory  church 
of  Guisbrough  in  Yorkshire.  His  colleague.  Sir  Walter 
Blount,  was  a  younger  man.  He  was  created  Lord  Mountjoy 
n  146.5,  when  he  was  Lord  Treasurer  of  England,  and  a 
Knight  of  the  Garter.  Noble  Spanish  blood  flowed  in  Sir 
Walter's  veins,  for  his  grandfather  attended  the  marriage  of 
John  of  Gaunt  with  Constance  of  Castillo,  and  won  the  love 
of  Doiia  Sancha  de  Ayala,  a  lady  of  the  Princess's  Court. 
This  grandfather  was  standard  bearer  for  Henry  IV.  at  the 
battle  of  Shrewsbury,  and  was  killed  by  Douglas  in  a  hand 
to  hand  fight.  Sir  Walter  himself  married  the  Dowager 
Duchess  of  Buckingham,  the  King's  auut.  He  died  in  1474, 
and  was  buried  in  the  church  of  the  Grey  Friars  in  London. 
His  best  known  descendant  was  that  Charles  Lord  Mountjoy 
who  loved  Sir  Philip  Sydney's  Stella,  and  became  Earl  of 
Devonshire. 


TUB   BATTLE   OF   TOW^TON.  £1 

Tho  two  gallant  leaders  who  commanded  the  reserve 
under  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  were  also  rewarded.  Sir  John 
Dynhara  was  created  a  Knight  of  the  Garter,  and  summone  I 
to  Parliament  as  Lord  Djnham.^®  He  was  a  man  of 
resource  and  ability,  who  had  rendered  most  important 
services  to  the  Yorkist  party^  After  the  dispersal  at  Ludlow, 
in  October,  1459,  he  arranged  for  the  embarkation  of  Salis- 
I>ury,  Warwick,  and  Edward  Earl  of  March  in  a  sliip  at. 
Exeter  which  took  them  to  Guernsey.  Afterwards  he^ 
secured  a  most  opportune  success  by  capturing  the  Lan- 
castrian fleet  at  Sandwich,  and  opening  the  way  to  young 
Edward,  who  was  at  Calais,  to  l^nd  in  Kent — the  turning 
point  of  the  war.  Lord  Dynham  eventually  married  the 
widow  of  Sir  John  Ratcliffe  (Lord  Fitiswalter),  who  was  slain 
at  Ferrybridge.  He  died  childless  in  1500,  and  was  buried 
in  the  church  of  the  Grey  Friars  in  London.  His  colleague. 
Sir  John  Wenlock,  was  a  distinguished  diplomatist,  and  was 
already  a  Knight  of  the  Garter.  He  was  created  Lortl 
Wenlock  in  1461,  and  was  employed^  on  several  confidenti?il 
embassies,  but  he  eventually  sided  with  the  Earl  of  Warwick 
in  1470,  and  was  slain  at  Tewkesbury.  There  is  a  doubt 
whether  his  real  tomb  is  at  Tewkesbury  Abbey,  for  he 
was  buried  at  Luton  in  Bedfordshire,  where  there  is  still  a 
Wenlock  chapel. 

Many  Yorkists  were  knighted  either  on  the  field  or 
afterwards  at  the  Coronation.  Among  the  former.  Sir  John 
Stafl'ord,  the  King's  first  cousin,  was  subsequently  created 
Earl  of  Wiltshire  and  a  Knight  of  the  Garter.  His  relativ3. 
Sir  Humphrey  Stafford,  l?ecame  Baron  Stafford,  and  after- 
wards Earl  of  Devon.  Young  William  Hastings,  the  King's 
most  faithful  follower,  was  knighted  on  the  field  and  created 
Baron  Hastings  in  July,  1461.  He  married  a  sister  of  the 
Earl  of  Warwick.  Among  the  Knights  of  the  Bath  created 
before  Edward's  coronation  were  the  gentlemen  of  Notting- 
hamshire who  had  joined  him  on  his  march  northwards.  Sir 
Robert  Clifton,  Sir  Nicholas  Byron,  and  Sir  llobert  Markhani 
of  Cotham.  The  brother  of  Sir  llobert  is  also  in  the  list. 
Sir  John  Markham,  the  lawyer,  who  succeeded  the  Lancas- 
trian, Sir  John  Fortescue,  as  Lord  Chief  Justice. 

"Hisancestorshadpreviouslybeensum-      since  the  reign  of  Edward  I.     So  that  it 
moned  to  Parliament  as  Barons,  but  not      was  not  a  new  creation. 


22  THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON. 

The  only  prominent  Yorkists  who  were  slain  in  the 
Towton  campaign  were  Lord  Fitzwalter,  Robert  Home  of 
Appledore  in  Kent,  Sir  Richard  Jenney,  and  the  young 
bastard  of  Salisbury.  Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton  was  severely 
wounded. 

All  historians  unite  in  the  statement  that  the  old  nobility 
of  England  was  nearly  annihilated  by  the  bloody  battles  and 
ruthless  executions  of  the  war  of  the  Roses.  But  facts  are 
opposed  to  this  theory.  Scarcely  a  single  peerage  became 
extinct  owing  to  the  war  of  the  Roses.  Let  us  see  what 
light  is  thrown  on  this  question  by  the  fate  of  those  who 
fought  on  the  losing  side  at  Towton.  For  the  Duke  of 
Exeter  there  could  be  no  hope,  for  his  childless  wife  seems 
to  have  been  his  worst  enemy,  and  she  was  the  King's  sister. 
But  the  Duke  of  Somerset  made  his  peace  and  was  actually 
fighting  in  King  Edward's  army  in  Northumberland  in 
December,  1463.^^  His  son  was  created  Earl  of  Worcester 
by  Henry  VHL,  and  the  House  of  Somerset  was  perpetuated 
in  'that  of  Beaufort.  The  Percys  continued  their  hostility 
to  the  House  of  York  after  tho  death  of  the  Earl  of 
Northumberland  at  Towton,  yet  his  son  was  taken  into 
favour  and  restored  to  all  his  honours  in  1470.  The  Earl 
of  Wiltshire  and  Ormond  was  childless,  and  the  former  title 
expired  with  him ;  but  his  brother  John,  although  he  was 
also  at  Towton,  was  restored  in  blood  and  to  all  his  estates, 
was  taken  into  favour  by  Edward  IV.,  and  succeeded  as 
sixth  Earl  of  Ormond.  Similar  forgiveness  was  extended  to 
the  Courtenays.  The  Earl  of  Devonshire's  brother,  Thomas, 
was  pardoned  and  taken  into  favour,  and  some  of  his  lands 
were  restored  to  him.^®  Although  Lord  Hungerford  fled 
with  Queen  Margaret  and  continued  in  rebellion.  King 
Edward  treated  his  wife  and  young  children  with  kindness 
and  consideration,  making  an  ample  provision  for  them  out 
of  their  father's  forfeited  l^nds.^^  The  brother  of  Ralph 
Lord  Dacre  was  almost  immediately  taken  into  high  favour, 
and  not  only  was  the  barony  of  Dacre  of  Gillesland  given  to 
bim,  but  another  barony  of  Dacre  was  conferred  on  his  niece. 

^^  It  la  true  tiiat  Somerset  changed  beheaded, 
sides  again,  and  was  eventually  beheaded  ^  Lord  Hungerford  was  taken  prisoner 
at  He^diam  ;  but  after  Towton  he  was  after  the  battle  of  Hexham  in  1468,  be- 
taken into  favour  by  King  Edward.  headed  at  Newcastle,  and  buried  in  Salis- 

^  Like   the   Duke   of    Somerset   he  bury  Cathedral, 
changed  sides  again,  and  was  eventually 


THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON.  28 

The  son  of  Lord  Welles,  by  King  Edward's  special  favour, 
had  a  grant  of  all  his  father's  forfeited  property  in  1464, 
and  received  full  restitution  in  blood  and  honours  in  1468. 
Lords  Beaumont  and  Fitzhugh,  who  escaped  from  the  field, 
were  unequal   in  their  fortunes.      Beaumont  remained   in 
rebellion  until  the  accession  of  Henry  VII.,  but  Fitzhugh 
made  his  peace  and  was  employed  in  positions  of  importance 
by  Edward  IV.     Sir  John  Fortescue,  as  soon  as  he  made 
his  submission,  received  a  pardon  and  ended  his  days  peace- 
fully at   his  estate  of  Ebrington   in  Gloucestershire.     Dr. 
Morton,  too,  the  intriguing  Lancastrian  priest,  was  pardoned 
twice,  and  eventually  made  Bishop  of  Ely  by  King  Edward. 
Edward  IV.  had  strong  and  justifiable  cause  for  resent- 
ment against  his  opponents  at  Towton.     In  the  white  heat 
of  his  indignation,  with  the  sight  of  his  father's  head  over 
Micklegate  Bar  fresh  in  his  recollection,  two  leading  actors 
in  that  tragedy  were  executed,  the  Earls  of  Wiltshire  and 
Devonshire.  But  when  his  anger  had  had  time  to  cool,  Edward 
was  placable  and   forgiving.     The   above   facts   speak  for 
themselves.     The  bill  of  attainder  passed  by  the  first  Par- 
liament  of  Edward   IV.    includes    150    names,  but   many 
afterwards  were  granted  full  pardons,  and  all  who  submitted 
received  back  portions  of  their  estates.     "  Edward  IV.  was 
a  king  who,  with  many  faults,  was  most  honourably  anxious 
from  the   first  to  do  justice  even  to  the  meanest  of  his 
subjects,  ""^o 

Yet  there  were  many  transfers  of  manors  by  reason  of  the 
rebellion  of  former  owners,  and  forfeiture  to  the  Crown. 
Among  the  papers  of  the  Fairfax  family  at  Bilbrough  is 
preserved  the  grant  of  Newton  Kyme  (or  "  Newton  in  the 
willowes,"  as  it  was  then  called)  to  Brian  Talbot,  the  manor 
iiaving  been  forfeited  by  Sir  William  Talboys,  who  fought 
against  Edward  IV.  at  Towton.  The  great  seal  of  that  king 
is  still  attached  to  the  narrow  strip  of  parchment.  The 
following  is  a  translation  : 

"  Edward  by  the  grace  of  God  King  of  England  and  Franco  and  Lord 
of  Ireland,  to  all  to  whom  these  present  letters  shall  come  greeting, 
know  ye  that  we,  of  our  special  grace,  and  for  the  good  service  that  our 
beloved  servant  Brian  Talbot  to  us  has  performed  and  will  perform  in 
time  to  come,  have  granted  to  him  all  the  lands  and  tenements,  rents  and 
Bervicea,    with    their    appurtenancos,   which   were  of   William  Talboys 

*°  Gairduer'a  IntroJucti  n  to  the  Faatun  Letters,  ii.  p.  xiL 


24  THR   BATTLE   OF   TOWTOX. 

Kuight,  in  Neuton  in  the  Welowes,  in  the  county  of  York,  and  which 
c;ime  into  oar  hands  by  reason  of  the  rebellion  against  us  by  the  aforesaid 
William  lately  made,  and  yet  in  our  hands  on  that  account,  to  have  and 
to  hold  all  the  aforesaid  lands  and  tenements,  rents  and  services,  with 
their  appurtenances  to  the  aforesaid  Brian  for  the  term  of  his  life,  withoat 
rendering  or  paying  anything  to  ns,  or  making  account  thereof  although 
express  mention  of  the  true  yearly  value  of  the  aforesaid  lands  and 
tenements  be  not  made  in  these  presents  or  any  statute,  act,  ordinance,  or 
provision  to  the  contrary  made  notwithstanding.  In  witness  whereof  these 
oirr  letters  we  have  caiMed  to  be  made  patent/*  "Witness  ouraelf  at 
Westminster,  the  21st  day  of  December,  in  the  first  of  our  reign." 

"  By  writ  of  Privy  Seal,  and  of  the  aforesaid  date,  by  authority  of 
Parliament.'' 

Tliat  the  Talbays  family  was  not  ruined,  in  spite  of  the 
loss  of  this  manor  of  Nevrton  Kyme,  is  shown  by  the 
important  position  of  Sir  Williams  sou  George,  and  by  tlie 
sammons  of  his  grandson  to  Parliament  as  Baron  Talboys  of 
Kyme.  It  is  clearly  an  error  to  judge  of  the  effect  of  these 
attainders  after  a  civ^il  war,  from  the  bare  words  of  an  Act 
of  Parliament.  In  reality  there  were  pardons  or  compositions 
in  the  majority  of  cases. 

The  contemporary  authorities  for  the  battle  of  Towton 
give  scarcely  any  details.  William  of  Worcester  merely 
states  the  bare  fact  in  half  a  dozen  lines.  He  fumisbes  a  list 
of  the  Lancastrians  who  were  attainted.  Whethamstede  and 
the  Croyland  monk  are  as  brief;  but  the  latter  gives  a 
graphic  description  of  the  scene  after  the  battle,  when  the 
snows  melted.  Polydore  Virgil  supplie3  no  details.  He, 
however,  mentions  that  there  were  many  prisoners  and 
wounded,  and  that  of  the  latter  some  were  cured  and  some 
died.  This  contradicts  Hall's  story  that  no  quarter  was 
given,  and  the  contradiction  comes  from  otie  who  wrote 
nearer  to  the  event.  There  is  a  letter  fmm  Willi<*im  Piiston, 
in  the  Paston  Letters,  announcing  the  receipt  of  the  news 
in  London,  and  giving  a  list  of  slain,  which  is  not  quite 
correct.'*^  Most  of  the  authorities  give  estimates  of  the 
number  of  the  slain. 

The  only  full  and  detailed  account  of  the  battle  of  Towton, 
written  near  the  time,  is  to  befoundin  HalUs  Chronicle.  Edward 
Hall  was  educated  at  Eton  and  was  a  Fellow  of  King's  College, 
Cambridge.     He  was  called  to  the  bar  at  Gray's  Inn,  and  was 

*^  In  the  Paiton  list  of  sittin  are  Lords      Sir    Ralph    Grey,    none  of  whom  were 
fieaomont,  Scales,  and  WiUoughbj,  and      killed  in  the  battle. 


TUE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON.  25 

a  Member  of  Parliament,  so  that  he  had  good  opportunities 
for  collecting  information,  while  his  grandfather,  Sir  David 
Hall,  was  the  Duke  of  York's  most  trusted  councillor. 
Doubtless  he  often  heard  the  stories  of  these  battles  from 
comrades  of  his  grandfather  ;  and  the  custom  of  those  days, 
of  the  solemn  yearly  observance  of  the  *'o6i^ '' of  parents 
and  grandsires,  would  tend  to  excite  an  interest  in  their 
deeds.  Although  not  a  contemporary,  Hall  lived  near  the 
time.  His  Chronicle  was  published  in  1548,  but  it  was 
written  long  before.  Grafton,  Holinshed,  Speede,  Habington 
in  his  life  of  Edward  IV.,  and  Baker,  all  copy  from  Hall. 
Biondi,  in  his  history  of  the  Wars  of  the  Roses,  translated  by 
the  Earl  of  Monmouth  (1641),  copies  word  for  word  from 
Holinshed.  But  Stowe  is  always  more  or  less  original,  and 
in  his  account  of  the  battle  of  Towton  he  supplies  several 
additional  particulars  respecting  the  disposal  of  the  slain, 
taken  from  Leland.  He  also  gives  a  long  list  of  killed  which 
calls  for  scrutiny.     It  is  as  follows  : — 


±  4-  Earls  of  Northumberland. 

Sir  Richard  Percy. 

„        Shrewsbury, 
d:  +      „        Devonshire. 

„  John  Heyton. 
„  Gervase  Clifton. 

+  Lords  aififord. 

„  Edmund  Hamis. 

-|-      „     Beaumont. 
-J-  -j-      ,,     John  Nevill. 

„  J.  Crakenthorpe. 
„  J.  Crakenthor|»e. 

4-       yi     Willoughby. 

„  William  Havill. 

±  +      >,     Welles. 

„  John  Ormonde. 

„     Roos. 
+      „     Scales. 
±4"      »     I^acre. 

„     Fitzhugh. 
Sir  R.  Molyneux. 
-|-  Henry  Beckingham. 
Two  bastards  of  Exetor. 

+  „  Ralph  Grey, 
di  +  „  xVndrew  Trollope. 
„  R.  Molyne. 
„  Ralph  Pigot. 
„  Henry  Narboken. 
„  David  Trollope. 
John  Burton. 

Here  are  thirty  names,  of  which  eleven  are  also  in  the  Paston 
letter ;  marked  with  a  cross.  Of  these  Lord  Shrewsbury 
was  not  in  the  battle,  and  did  not  die  until  1473  ;  Lords 
Beaumont,  Roos,  and  Fitzhugh  escaped.  Lord  Scales  died 
the  year  before.  Lord  Willoughby  was  living  until  146G. 
Sir  Ralph  Grey  escaped.  Sir  R.  Molyneux  fell  at  Blore 
Heath,  and  his  son  lived  until  1491.  Sir  H.  Beckingham 
(Dominus  Henricus  de  Bokyngham  of  Paston)  is  intended 
for  one  of  the  Kny  vetts,  but  he  was  not  killed.  Sir  Gervase 
Clifton  was  not  slain  until  1471  at  Tewkesbury.     Sir  John 


26  THE   BATTLE   OF  TOWTON. 

Ormonde  is  intended  for  Sir  John  Butler,  heir  of  the  Earl 
of  Ormonde,  but  he  escaped.  Sir  R.  Moljne  is  evidently 
Robert  Lord  Molyne,  one  of  the  titles  of  Lord  Hungerford, 
and  he  also  escaped.  This  reduces  Stowe's  list  of  slain  to  1 6. 
To  these  Paston  adds  Sir  Ralph  Bigot  (which  should  be  Sir 
John)  and  Sir  Richard  Jenney  a  Yorkist,  besides  the  Yorkists 
Lord  Fitz  Walter,  Home  of  Kent,  and  John  Stafford.  The 
latter  was  not  slain.  Hall  has,  in  addition,  the  Earl  of 
Westmoreland,  who  certainly  was  not  killed.  He  died  in 
1485.  Hall's  list  is  shown  by  a  ±.  Paston's  list  was 
written  in  a  great  hurry  immediately  after  the  battle  ;  and 
Stowe  must  have  collected  the  names  without  much  care  or 
examination. 

Hearne  printed  "  A  remarkable  fragment  of  an  old 
English  Chronicle  or  History  of  the  affairs  of  King 
Edward  the  Fourth,  transcribed  from  an  old  manu-- 
scriptr^'^  It  is  usually  quoted  as  "  Hearne's  Fragment.'' 
The  internal  evidence  points  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
author  was  at  least  contemporary  with  Hall,  but  that  he  was 
ignorant  of  the  localities  and  distances.  He  is  thus  led  into 
error  respecting  the  time  when  the  battle  began.  He  says 
that  the  two  armies  joined  in  battle  at  four  on  the  Saturday 
afternoon,  and  that  they  fought  all  night  and  until  the 
afternoon  of  Sunday,  when  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  came  up 
"  with  a  fresh  band  of  good  men  of  war."  This  not  only 
contradicts  Hall  and  Stowe,  but  is  impossible.  The  main  body 
of  Edward's  army  could  not  have  got  over  the  ground  in 
time  to  begin  the  battle  at  four  o'clock  on  the  Saturday 
afternoon.  Possibly  the  mistake  of  the  anonymous  writer 
of  "Hearne's  Fragment"  arose  from  his  having  been  told 
that  Lord  Fauconberg  came  in  sight  of  the  Lancastrian 
army  at  twilight.  It  was  not  the  twilight  of  Saturday 
afternoon,  but  of  Palm  Sunday  morning,  as  Hall  explains. 

Sharon  Turner  accepts  this  story  of  the  battle  having  been 
fought  all  through  the  night  and  until  next  day  at  noon, 
and  remarks — "  We  owe  the  remarkable  fact  of  the  battle 
beginning  at  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  and  continuing 
through  the  night,  and  of  Norfolk's  coming  up  the  next  day 
at    noon,    to  Hearne's    Fragment."*^     Mr.    Green,  in  his 

*^  In  Hearne's  volume  "  ThonuB  Sprotti  ^  Ulstory  of  England,  iii.,  p.  230  inole\ 

Chronica,"  p.  283. 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTON.  27 

History  of  the  English  People,  places  the  time  of  Warwick's 
killing  his  horse  " at  one  critical  moment"  of  the  battle  of 
Towton,  instead  of  at  the  time  of  the  skirmish  at  Ferrybridge. 
Ho  embellishes  the  statement  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk's 
arrival  with  the  reserve  by  adding,  on  his  own  authority, 
that  the  Duke  came  with  "  a  fresh  force  from  the  eastern 
counties."^ 

These  authors  have  overlooked  the  fact  that  the  Duke  left 
London  with  Edward,  as  we  are  told  by  Stowe  ;  that  he 
marched  with  the  King  to  Pomfret ;  and  that  Hall  informs 
us  that  he  did  not  lead  the  van  to  Towton  because  he  had 
fallen  sick.  He  came  up  with  the  reserves  next  day.  Mr. 
Green  evidently  thought  that  the  Duke  had  been  to  the 
eastern  counties  for  recruits,  and  that  he  arrived  with  them 
in  the  nick  of  time  ;  and  Turner  had  a  similar  notion.  But 
the  accounts  of  Hall  and  Stowe,  compared  with  Hearne's 
Fragment,  make  the  Duke's  movements  pei-fectly  clear.  He 
did  not  leave  Pomfret  on  the  Saturday  because  he  was  not 
well,  but  he  brought  up  the  reserves  on  Sunday,  arriving  on 
the  battle-field  at  noon. 

All  the  authorities  concur  in  the  desperate  fighting  and 
the  immense  slaughter.  The  Monk  of  Croyland  says  that 
38,000  fell.  Fabyan  has  30,000.  Polydore  Virgil  says  that 
there  was  wanting  of  both  parties  about  20,000 ;  and  that 
the  number  of  prisoners  and  wounded,  of  whom  some  were 
cured  and  some  died,  was  fully  10,000.  Hall  gives  the 
number  slain  on  both  sides,  during  the  whole  campaign  of 
three  days,  at  36,776.  The  writer  of  "  Hearne's  Fragment " 
has  33,000  on  both  sides.  The  Paston  letter  gives  28,000 
"nomberd  by  Harralds."  Speede  says  35,091.  Sandford 
gives  the  number  of  slain  on  both  sides  at  35,781  ;  and  says 
that  not  one  prisoner  was  taken  besides  the  Earl  of 
Devonshire,  but  he  does  not  give  his  authority.  The  total 
number  on  both  sides  was  108,640  ;  the  Lancastrians 
counting  60,000  and  the  Yorkists  48,640. 

On  this  point,  Polydore  Virgil  must  be  accepted  as  the. 
most  reliable  authority.  We  may,  therefore,  conclude  that  the 
loss  amounted  to  20,000  men  on  both  sides  ;  of  whom  about 
half  were  prisoners  and  wounded,  and  half  slain  in  battle  or 
in  the  flight.  This  is  sufficiently  heavy  slaughter,  without 
acoepting  the  exaggerations  of  later  writers. 

«  /.  p.  576. 


28  THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTOX. 

The  best  modern  account  of  the  Battle  of  Towton  was 
written  by  Mr.  Richard  Brooke,  F.S.A.,  who  visited  the 
battle-field  no  less  than  eight  times  from  1848  to  1856.  It 
is  printed  in  his  ^'Visits  to  Fields  of  Battle  in  England" 
Chap.  VI.  (1857),  and  is  illustrated  by  a  plan  of  the  battle- 
field. 

In  1885  an  account  of  the  Battle  of  Towton,  by  Frank 
Peel,  was  printed  by  the  Heckmondwike  Antiquarian  Society 
after  a  visit  to  the  battle-field  in  the  previous  year. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  INDEX  OF  PERSONS  MENTIONED   IN 
CONNECTION  WITH  THE  BATTLE  OF  TOWTON. 

Beaumont^  Viscount.  His  father,  the  1st  Viscount,  was  slain  at  the 
battle  of  Northampton^  in  July,  1460.  William,  2nd  Viscount,  was  at 
Towton,  but  escaped  and  was  attainted.  Restored  1485.  Died  1509, 
childless.  The  barony  was  revived  in  1840  in  favour  of  Miles  'J\ 
Stapleton.  Viscount  Beaumont  is  in  the  list  of  slain,  in  the  Pastou 
letter. 

Bemers,  Lord.  Sir  John  Bourchier,  fourth  son  of  William  Earl  of  Eu 
by  the  Princess  Anne,  daughter  of  the  Duke  of  Gloucester.  He  interceded 
with  Edward  for  the  city  of  York,  so  was  probably  at  the  battle  of  Towton. 

Bigot  (see  Matdey), 

Blount,  Sir  Walter,  of  Elwaston  in  Derbyshire.  Treasurer  of  Calais 
1460.  Led  the  van  at  Towton,  with  Lord  Fauconberg.  Lord  High 
Treasurer  1465.  Baron  Mountjoy  of  Thuveston,  co.  Derby,  1466,  K.G. 
He  married  first  Helena,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Byron,  by  whom  he  had 
three  sons  ;  secondly  Anne  Neville,  the  dowager  Duchess  of  Buckingham. 
He  died  1  Aug.  1474,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  grandson.  Buried  in 
the  church  of  the  Grey  Friars,  London. 

*  Bokyngham,  Sir  Henry.  Lancastrian,  slain  at  Towton.  In  Stowe's  list, 
and  the  Paston  letter,  where  he  is  called  '  Dominus.'  Probably  a 
Knyvett  of  Bokyngham,  who  was  not  slain. 

Burton,  John,  Captain  of  York.  Lancastrian,  slain  at  Towton.  In 
Stowe's  list. 

Butler,  Sir  John.  Brother  of  the  Earl  of  Ormond  and  Wiltshire, 
escaped  (see  Ormonde), 

Byron,  Sir  Nicholas.  Joined  Edward  on  his  march  from  London.  Made 
a  Knight  of  the  Bath  before  the  coronation. 

Clifford,  Henry,  Lord.  His  father  was  slain  at  St.  Alban's,  22  May, 
1455.   He  was  born  1435.    Married  Margaret,  heiress  of  Henry  Bromflete 
Lord  de  Vesci,  and  had  three  sons  and  one  daughter.     At  battle  of 
Wakefield.     Slain  at  Dindingdale  the  day  before  Towton. 

Clifton,  Sir  Gervase,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton.  This  is  a  mistake. 
He  was  at  Tewkesbury. 

Clifton,  Sir  Robert,  joined  Edward  IV.  on  his  march  from  London. 
Made  a  Knight  of  the  Bath  before  the  coronation. 


THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON.  29 

Crakenthorpey  Sir  John.  From  Cumberland,  with  Lord  Dacre.  In  Stowe's 
list  of  slain  at  Tow  ton. 

Crakent^iorpe,  Sir  Thomas.    In  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton. 

Dacre,  Ralph,  Lord.  Succeeded  his  elder  brother  Thomas.  Married 
Eleanor,  daughter  of  Lord  Fitz  Hugh,  but  had  no  children.  He  was  a 
first  cousin  of  Edward  IV.,  and  of  Lord  Clifford  and  Sir  John  Neville. 
Slain  in  the  battle  of  Towton.  Tomb  in  Saxton  churchyard.  Succeeded 
by  his  brother  Humphrey,  from  whom  descends  the  Earl  of  Carlisle, 
whose  trustees  repaired  the  tomb,  1883. 

Devonshire,  Thomas  Courtenay,  Earl  of,  born  1^42,  succeeded  his 
f  ither  in  1458.  His  mother,  Lady  Margaret  Beaufort,  was  sister  of  the 
Duke  of  Somerset.  Taken  prisoner  after  the  battle  of  Towton,  and 
beheaded  at  York,  April,  1461,  aged  20,  unmarried.  His  brother  Henry 
beheaded  1466,  brother  John  slain  at  Tewkesbury,  1471. 

Dt^nJiam,  Sir  John  (or  Dinau),  led  the  reserves  at  Towton  under  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk.  Created  Baron  Dynham  1466.  Privy  Councillor,  Treasurer 
of  the  Exchequer  under  Henry  VII.,  K.G.  He  married  Elizabeth,  heiress 
of  Lord  Fitz  Walter  and  widow  of  Sir  John  Eatcliffe,  but  died 
childless,  1500. 

Edward  IV.,  born  at  Rouen,  28  April,  1442.  Accession  4  March, 
1461.     Coronation  29  June,  1461.     Died  April  9th,  1483,  aged  41. 

Edward,  son  of  Henry  VI.  Born  13  Oct.  1452.  At  York  during  the 
battle  of  Towton,  aged  8.     Slain  at  Tewkesbury,  1471,  May  4,  aged  18^. 

EgremorU^  Sir  Thomas  Percy,  Baron.  Third  son  of  the  3rd  Earl  of 
Northumberland.  Created  1449.  Slain  at  the  battle  of  Northampton, 
July,  1460,  childless.  He  is  erroneously  stated  by  Fabyan  to  have  been 
biaiu  at  Towton. 

Eure,  Sir  Ralph,  son  of  Sir  William  Eure,  who  was  at  Agincourt  in  the 
r  jtinue  of  Lord  Fitz  Hugh.  Estates  at  Easby  and  Stokesley.  Married 
Eleanor,  daughter  of  Lord  Greys tock.  Descendant  created  Lord  Eure  in 
1544.     Slain  at  Towton. 

Exeter,  Duke  of,  Henry  Holland,  son  of  the  first  Duke,  by  Anne 
Stafford.  He  married  the  Princess  Anne,  daughter  of  the  Duke  of  York. 
At  the  battle  of  Towton  he  was  aged  30.  Escaped  from  Towton  with 
Henry  VI.,  flying  to  Scotland.  Divorced.  Wounded  at  Barnet,  and 
took  sanctuaiy,  1473  found  dead  at  sea,  between  Dover  and  Calais.  He 
left  no  children.     Two  of  his  illegitimate  sons  were  slain  at  Towton. 

Fairfax,  Sir  Guy,  of  Steeton.  At  Towton,  and  a  staunch  Yorkist. 
Received  an  augmentation  to  his  arms  of  a  white  rose  on  the  shoulder  of 
his  rampant  lion.  A  lawyer,  and  King's  Serjeant  1468.  Recorder  of 
York  1476.  Judge  of  King's  Bench  1477.  He  married  Isabel,  daughter 
of  Sir  N.  Ryther.     Died  1495,  being  still  a  judge. 

Fauconherg,  Sir  William  Neville,  youngest  son  of  Ralph  1st  Earl  of 
Westmoreland.  Summoned  as  Baron  Fauconberg  jure  uxoris,  1429  to 
1461.  At  the  siege  of  Orleans  1431.  He  led  the  van  at  Towton.  1461 
created  Earl  of  Kent,  K.G.,  Lord  High  Admiral.  Died  1463,  and 
buried  at  Guisbrough  in  Yorkshire.  He  left  three  daughters.  The 
youngest,  Alice,  married  Sir  John  Conyers,  K.G. 

Fitz  Hugh,  John,  5th  Baron,  son  of  William,  4th  Lord  Fitz  Hugh,  by 
Margery,  daughter  of  Lord  Willoughby  de  Eresby.  He  was  bom  1430. 
His  sister  Eleanor  married  Ralph,  Lord  Dacre.  Succeeded  his  father 
1452.     A  Lancastrian,  but  he  escaped  from  Towton.     In  Stowe*s  list  of 


30  THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTOX. 

the  slain.  He  made  his  peace  with  Edward  IV.,  and  married  Alice, 
daughter  of  Richard  Neville,  Earl  of  Salisbury.  He  made  a  pilgrimage  to 
Jerusalem.  Died  1472,  leaving  a  son,  Richard,  6th  Baron :  and  a  daughter, 
Elizabeth,  married  to  Sir  Wm.  Parr,  and  grandmother  of  Queen  Catharine 
Parr. 

Fitz  Walter,  Lord.  Sir  John  Ratcliffe,  K.G.  jure  tixoris^  married  to 
Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heiress  of  the  7th  Baron  Fitz  Walter,  who  died 
1432.  Seneschal  of  Aquitaine.  Slain  at  Ferrybridge,  27  March,  1461. 
His  son  succeeded  as  Lord  Fitz  Walter,  and  his  grandson  was  created 
Earl  of  Sussex. 

Fortescue,  Sir  John,  Lord  Chief  Justice.  King*s  Serjeant  1441.  Chief 
Justice  1442.  At  the  battle  of  Towton,  but  escaped  with  Queen  Margaret. 
Attainted.  He  wrote  a  treatise  on  the  Lancastrian  claim.  At  length 
he  submitted  to  Edward  IV.,  and  was  pardoned.  Wrote  a  treatise  on 
the  Yorkist  claim.     Retired  to  Ebrington  in  Gloucestershira 

Fulfard,  Sir  Thomas.  A  Devonshire  knight  at  Towton.  Beheaded  at 
York  with  the  Earl  of  Devonshire. 

Gascoigne,  Sir  Edward,  of  Parlington,  married  Mary  Hungate,  the 
heiresd  of  Saxtoc,  who  died  in  1791.  Elizabeth  Gascoigne  (Lady  Ashtowu) 
is  the  present  owner  of  Saxton,  and  patron  of  the  living. 

Grey,  Sir  Ralph,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain,  and  also  in  the  Paston  list. 
But  he  escaped  at  Towton,  and  was  executed  at  Doncaster  in  1464.  He 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Lord  Fitz  Hugh. 

Hamis,  Sir  Edward.  Lancastrian,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton. 

Hastings,  William,  knighted  on  Towton  battle-field.  Created  Baron 
Hastings  of  Ashby  de  la  Zouch  on  26  July,  1461,  K.G.  He  married 
Catherine,  sister  of  the  Earl  of  Warwick.  Master  of  the  Mint.  Beheaded 
13  June,  1483.     His  grandson  was  created  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  1529. 

Havill,  Sir  William.  Lancastrian,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton. 

Hawke,  family  of,  owners  of  Towton;  succeeding  through  the 
Hammonds  of  Scarthingwell.  Edward  Hawke,  Admiral,  was  created 
Baron  Hawke  of  Towton,  1776.    Towton  Hall  is  rented  by  the  Kendalls. 

iTenry  r/.,  was  bom  at  Windsor,  in  1421  (Dec).  Succeeded  1422. 
During  Towton  battle  he  was  at  York.  Aged  39.  He  died  24  May,  1471, 
aged  49. 

Heron,  Sir  John.   Lancastrian,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton. 

Hildyard,  Sir  Robert,  of  Winestead.     Slain  at  Towton. 

Hill,  Sir  William,  Lancastrian,  beheaded  at  York,  with  the  Earl  of 
Devonshire,  according  to  Stowe. 

Home,  Robert,  a  valiant  Captain  of  Kent,  with  Lord  Fauconberg.  He 
came  from  Appledore  on  the  Rother.  Slain  at  Towton.  In  the  lists  of 
Hall  and  Paston. 

Hungate  family,  owners  of  Saxton  for  three  centuries,  succeeded  by  the 
Gascoignes.  Master  Hungate  collected  and  buried  the  dead  in  Saxton 
churchyard.     Baronetcy,  1642-1749. 

Hungerford,  Robert,  third  Baron,  inherited  Barony  of  Botreux  in  right 
of  his  mother,  and  Barony  of  Molines  in  right  of  his  wife.  Succeeded 
his  father  1458.  Served  in  the  French  wars  under  the  great  Talbot,  at 
battle  of  Chastillon.  Prisoner  seven  yeai-s.  Lancastrian.  Escaped  from 
Towton.  Attainted.  Taken  prisoner  at  Hexham,  and  beheaded  at 
l^ewcastle  1463.  Buried  in  Salisbury  Cathedral.  His  grand  daughter 
was  restored,  and  married  the  second  Lord  Hastings. 


THE   BATTLE   OF   TOWTO^.  '31 

Jenney,  Sir  Eichard,  a  Norfolk  man.  Yorkist.  Ii^  the  list  of  slain  at 
Towton,  in  the  Paston  letter. 

Kendall  of  Towton  (see  Hawke), 

Margaret  of  Anjou,  daughter  of  Ren6    King  of   Sicily  and  Duke  of 

^Anjou,  married  Henry  VL,  22nd  April,  1445.     Her  son  born  13th  Oct., 

1452.     She  was  at  York  during  the  battle  of  Towton,  and  fled  with  her 

husband  and  son  to  Scotland.     For  ten  more  years  she  continued  to 

intrigue.     Died  at  Bethune,  near  Saumur  on  the  Loire,  1482. 

Markham,  Sir  John,  with  Edward  IV.,  at  Towton.  Made  a  Knight  of 
the  Bath  before  the  coronation.  Lord  Chief  Justice,  1462  to  1471. 
Died  1481. 

Marktuzmj  Sir  Robert,  of  Gotham.  Joined  Edward  on  the  march,  and 
was  at  Towton.  Brother  of  the  Chief  Justice.  Made  a  Knight  of  the 
Bath  before  the  coronation.  Married  Joan,  daughter  of  Sir  Giles 
Daubeny,  heiress  of  Cotham. 

Mauley y  Lord.  Sir  John  Bigot,  husband  of  Constance  sister  and  coheir  of 
Peter  Lord  de  Mauley,  who  died  in  1415,  and  widow  of  William 
Fairfax.  Sir  John  held  the  castlo  of  Mulgrave.  Lancastrian,  in  the 
list  of  slain  in  the  Paston  letter.     He  is  called  Ralph  by  a  mistake. 

Motley n,  Sir  R.  Lancastrian,  in  Stowe*s  list  of  slain  at  Towton.  No 
doubt  a  mistake  for  Robert  Lord  Moline,  who  was  identical  with  Lord 
Hungerford  (wliom  see). 

MolyneuXy  Sir .  Lancastrian,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton. 

This  is  probably  a  mistake.     Sir  Richard  fell  at  Blore  Heath.     His  son 
survived  until  1491.  Sir  Thomas  Molyneux  of  Hawton  was  living  in  1482. 

Montague^  Lord.  Sir  John  Neville,  brother  of  the  Earl  of  Warwick  and 
first  cousin  of  Edward  IV.  Created  Baron  Montague  1460.  He  interceded 
with  Edward  for  the  city  of  York;  so  was  probably  at  the  battle  of  Towton. 
Created  Earl  of  Northumberland  1467,  when  he  won  the  battle  of 
Hexham.  1471  resigned  the  Earldom  that  it  might  bo  restored  to 
young  Percy.  Created  Marquis  of  Montague.  Slain  at  Barnet, 
14  April,  1471. 

Morton^  John,  was  born  at  Bere  in  Dorsetshire,  in  1410.  He  was  at 
Baliol  College,  Oxford.  A  priest  and  lawyer.  With  Henry  VL,  at  York, 
during  the  battle  of  Towton.  Pardoned.  Again  pardoned  after  the 
battle  of  Tewkesbury.  Made  Master  of  the  Rolls  and  Bishop  of  Ely. 
Traitor  to  Richard  III.  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  and  Cardinal.  He  pro- 
bably wrote  the  tissue  of  falsehoods  called  "  a  life  of  Richard  III.,"  which  is 
attributed  to  Sir  Thomas  More.     Died  13  Sept.  1500,  aged  90. 

Neville  (see  Westmorland,  Salisbury,  Warwick,  MontaguCy  Fauconherg). 

Neville,  Sir  John,  graulson  of  Ralph  first  Earl  of  Westmorland,  who 
died  in  1425,  brother  of  the  second  Earl,  who  died  in  1485,  father,  by 
Anne  sister  of  the  Duke  of  Exeter,  of  the  third  Earl.  Lancastrian,  slain 
at  Dindingdale,  with  Lord  Clifford.     Probably  buried  in  Saxton  church. 

Norholhew,  Sir  Henry.  Lanctistrian.  In  the  list  of  slain  at  Towton 
given  by  Stowe.     Probably  the  name  is  a  misprint. 

Norfolk,  Duke  of,  John  Mowbray,  son  of  the  second  Duke  by  Lady 
Katherine  Neville,  sister  of  the  Duchess  of  York.  Born  1414.  Succeeded 
his  father  in  1432.  He  was  Ambassador  to  France,  and  denounced  the 
Duke  of  Somerset  in  Parliament.  He  commanded  the  reserves  at  Towton, 
for  Edward  IV.,  and  died  in  November,  1461.     Buried  at  Thetford. 

Northumberland,  Earl  of,  Henry  Percy,  son  of  the  second  Earl,  by  Lady 


32  THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 

Alinore  Neville,  sister  of  the  Duchess  of  York.  He  married  Eleanor 
heiress  of  Lord  Pojnings.  His  father  was  killed  at  the  battle  of 
St.  Albans.  He  commanded  the  centre  at  the  battle  of  Towton  on  the 
Lancastrian  side,  and  was  mortally  wounded,  aged  40.  He  was  buried  in 
the  church  of  St.  Denis,  York.  He  was  first  cousin  of  Edward  IV.  His 
son  the  fourth  Earl  was  restored  by  Edward  IV.,  in  1469. 

Ormondsj  Earl  of,  (see  Wiltshire). 

Ormonde^  Sir  John.  Lancastrian.  In  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  the  battle 
of  Towton.  A  mistake  for  Sir  John  Butler,  heir  of  the  Earl  of  Ormonde, 
who  escaped. 

Percy,  Sir  Richard,  brother  of  the  third  Earl  of  Northumberland.  He 
was  slain  at  Towton,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain.  He  was  a  first  cousin 
of  Edward  IV. 

Pi(/ot,  Sir  Ralph.  Lancastrian.  In  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  the  battle 
of  Towton. 

Ratclife,  Sir  John,  (see  Fitz  Walter,  Lord). 

Ratcliffe,  Sir  Henry,  left  London  with  Edward  IV.,  on  his  march 
northwards.     Stowe. 

Poos,  Thomas,  Lord,  son  of  the  ninth  Lord,  by  Alinore,  daughter 
of  Richard  Beauchamp,  Earl  of  Warwick.  Born  1427.  During  the 
battle  of  Towton,  he  was  at  York  with  Heniy  VI.,  and  fled  with  him. 
Slain  in  1463.  He  married  Philippa,  daughter  of  Lord  Tiptoft,  and  his 
daughter  Eleanor,  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Manners,  was  the  mother  of  the 
first  Earl  of  Rutland. 

Salisbury,  Bastard  of  the  Earl  of  Salisbury,  and  half-brother  of  the 
Earl  of  Warwick.  A  gallant  young  knight  who  was  slain  at  Ferrybridge 
with  Lord  Fitz  Walter. 

Scales,  Lord.  Anthony  Woodville.  In  the  lists  of  slain,  in  the  Paston 
letter  and  Stowe,  A  mistake.  He  had  married  the  heiress  of  Lord 
Scales,  but  was  not  summoned  as  Lord  Scales  until  December,  1462. 
Brother  of  Elizabeth  Woodville.     His  father-in-law  had  died  in  1460. 

Scrope,  Lord,  of  Bolton,  succeeded  his  father  in  1459.  He  was 
severely  wounded  at  Towton,  fighting  on  King  Edward's  side,  K.G.  He 
married  Joan,  daughter  of  Lord  Fitz  Hugh,  and  died  in  1498.  His 
father  was  a  first  cousin  of  Edward  IV. 

Shrewsbury,  Earl  of.  His  name  is  erroneously  given  in  the  list  of  slain 
at  Towton,  by  Stowe.  One  Earl  of  Shrewsbury  was  slain  at  the  battle  of 
Northampton,  on  July  10th,  1460 ;  and  his  son,  the  third  Earl, 
died  in  1473. 

Somerset,  Duke  of  Henry  Beaufort,  son  of  Edmund  Duke  of  Somerset 
(the  Regent  of  France),  who  was  slain  at  the  battle  of  St.  Albans,  by 
Eleanor  daughter  of  Richard  Beauchamp,  Earl  of  Warwick.  He  had 
seen  service  in  France.  Commanding  at  Wakefield  and  Towton.  He 
escaped  from  Towton,  and  made  his  peace  with  Edward  IV.,  surrendering 
Bamburgh  Castle  to  him.  He  was  then  aged  24.  He  again  rebellei, 
was  taken  prisoner  at  Hexham,  in  1463,  and  beheaded,  aged  26.  He 
was  unmarried,  but  had  an  illegitimate  son  by  Joan  Hill,  whence 
descend  the  Dukes  of  Beaufort. 

Stafford,  Sir  Humphrey,  was  knighted  on  the  battle-field  of  Towton,  by 
Edward  IV.,  and  in  1464  he  was  created  Baron  Stafford  of  Suthwych, 
and  1469  Earl  of  Devon,  He,  however,  rebelled  in  the  latter  year,  and 
was  beheaded  at  Bridgewater. 


THE    BATTLE    OP   TOWTON.  33 

Stafford^  Sir  John,  younger  son  of  the  first  Duke  of  Buckingham,  and 
a  first  cousin  of  Edward  IV.  He  is  reported  as  slain  at  Towton,  in  the 
Paston  letter,  but  this  is  a  mistake.  He  was  created  Earl  of  Wiltshire, 
by  Edward  IV.,  in  1470,  K.G.  This  earldom  became  extinct  with  his 
son.     He  died  in  1473.     He  left  London  with  Edward  IV,  {Stowe). 

TcUboys,  Sir  William,  Lord  of  Kyme,  in  Lincolnshire.  The  family  of 
Kyme  ended  in  an  heiress  married  to  Gilbert  de  Umfraville,  Earl  of 
Angus.  The  Talboys  succeeded  through  marriage  with  an  heiress  of 
Umfraville.  Stowe  says  that,  after  Towton,  the  **  Barl  of  Kyme  ^'  was 
beheaded  at  York  with  the  Earl  of  Devonshire.  There  never  was  an 
Earl  of  Kyme,  but  the  Umfravilles  were  Earls  and  were  also  Lords  of 
Kyme.  This  may  account  for  the  title  of  Earl  having  got  attached  to 
Kyme,  and  the  mistake  may  have  been  continued  with  the  Talboys, 
when  they  were  Lords  of  Kyme.  Sir  William  Talboys  was  attainted, 
and  his  manor  of  Newton  Kyme  was  granted  to  Brian  Talbot. 

TroUope,  Sir  Andrew,  a  veteran  Lancastrian  leader.     Slain  at  Towton. 

TroUope,  David,  in  Stowe's  list  of  slain  at  Towton. 

Tyas  or  Tyeys  of  Lead  Hall,  half  a  mile  west  of  Saxton  on  the  banks  of 

the  Cock.     Their  domestic  chapel  is  still  standing,  called  **  Lead  Chapel." 

Vavasour,  of  Hazlewood,  whose  home  overlooked  the  battle-field,  from 

the  other  side  of  Cock  beck.     Seated  at  Hazlewood  from  the  time  of 

Henry  IL,  to  1826,  when  the  family  became  extinct. 

Warwick,  Earl  of,  eldest  son  of  Richard  Neville,  Earl  of  Salisbury  (son 
of  Italph  Neville,  Earl  of  Westmoreland),  by  Lady  Alice  Montacute, 
heiress  of  the  last  Montacute,  Earl  of  Salisbury.  Richard  Neville,  the 
son,  married  Anne  Beaucharap,  heiress  of  the  last  Earl  of  Warwick,  and 
was  created  Earl  of  Warwick  in  1449.  At  the  battle  of  Towton,  with 
Edward  IV.  Slain  at  Bamet,  Easter  Sunday,  1471.  He  left  two 
daughters,  Isabel,  Duchess  of  Clarence,  whose  son  was  created  Earl  of 
Warwick  ;  and  Anne,  Duchess  of  Gloucester,  whose  son  was  created  Earl 
of  Salisbury. 

Welles,  Lionel,  Lord.  Knighted  at  Leicester  by  the  Duke  of  Bedford 
with  Henry  VI.,  in  1426.  Served  in  the  French  wars,  Lieut,  of  Irelaud, 
1438.  Lancastrian,  slain  at  Towton,  aged  55.  His  body  was  buried  in 
the  Waterton  chapel,  at  Methley.  He  married  first  Joan,  daughter  of 
Sir  Robert  Waterton,  of  Methley,  by  whom  he  had  a  son  and  four 
daughters,  and  secondly  Margaret,  sister  of  Sir  John  Beauchamp,  of 
Bletso,  and  widow  of  John  Beaufort,  Earl  of  Somerset.  His  son  and 
grandson  both  fell  in  rebellion  against  Edward  IV.,  1469. 

Wenlock,  Sir  John,  in  command  of  reserves  under  the  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
at  Towton,  KG.  Created  Lord  Wenlock,  iu  1461 ;  and  employed  on 
several  confidential  embassies.  Governor  of  Calais.  Joined  the  Earl 
of  Warwick  in  rebellion,  and  slain  at  the  battle  of  Tewkesbury,  1471. 
He  had  no  children,  and  his  heir  was  his  cousin  Thomas  Lawley,  ancestor 
of  the  present  Lord  Wenlock. 

Westmoreland,  Earl  of.  Said  by  Leland,  Hall,  and  in  Hearne's 
Fragment,  to  have  been  slain  at  Towton.  But  it  is  impossible.  The 
first  Earl  died  1425,  second  Earl  1485,  third  Earl  1523. 

Willoughby,  Lord.  Said  to  have  been  slain  at  Towton,  by  Stowe  and  in 
the  Paston  letter.  The  Lords  Willoughby  de  Eresby  of  those  days,  died  in 
1452  aud  1466  respectively.  The  Lords  Willoughby  of  Parhaoti  and 
Broke  were  not  then  created.     A  mistake. 

VOL.   X.  D 


34  THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 

Wiltshire  and  Ormonde,  James  Butler,  son  of  the  fourth  Earl  of 
Ormonde,  by  Joan,  daughter  of  W.  Beauchamp,  Lord  Abergavenny.  He 
was  created  Earl  of  Wiltshire,  1449.  Lord  Treasurer,  K.G.  At  the 
first  battle  of  St  Alban's  he  threw  his  armour  into  a  ditch,  and  ran 
away.  A  Lancastrian,  at  the  battle  of  Wakefield.  He  was  at  Mortimer's 
Cross  where  he  ran  away,  at  Tow  ton  where  he  again  ran  away ;  but  was 
apprehended  at  Cockermouth,  by  Richard  Salkeld,  and  beheaded  at 
Newcastle,  1  May,  1461,  aged  40.  He  was  married  to  a  sister  of  the 
Duke  of  Somei-set,  but  died  childless.  Succeeded  by  his  brother  John  as 
fifth  EsLvl  of  Ormonde. 

Wolferstonef  Sir  Roger,  left  London  with  Edward  IV.,  and  was  at 
Towton.    (Stowe), 


PAYEE'S    MAEEIAGE    LICENSES. 

Part  IV. 

(ooNTnrincD  rioic  p.  S79,  vou  iz.) 

With  Notes  by  the  Key.  C.  B.  NORCLIFFE,  H.A. 


DAte. 


1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 

1597 

1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 


Name  and  description. 


Nome  and  description. 


CkytoD,  Robert. 


Chew,  Edward,  of  Brillington 

Far.,  Blackburn 

Simpson,  Henry,  of  Edston  ... 


Harper  ?,  (sic)  Richard 


77  Langley,  Arthur,  son  and 
heir  of  Richard 
L.  of  Raisthorpe 
Hall,  Gent. 

Minakip,  Alexander  

Brotherton,  Alexander 


Scausby,  Ellen,  Wid. 


Aldridge,   Richard,  of  Whit- 
kirk 
Senior,  Qeoige,  of  Bamsley... 


T^Sothaby,  Leonard 


^  Scott,  Henry 


Tennyson,  John,  B.D.,  of 
Dowoham,  Dio. 
York 

^Washington,  Francis 


Kidd,  Richard    .. 
Belfield,  Richard 


Nedham,  John,    of    Kippax, 

Gent 
Wheatley,  Miles    

Shackleion,  Michael,  of  Hep- 

tonstall 
Parker,  Giles,  of  Clitheroe  ... 


Green,  George 


«Rokeby,  William,  of   Hot- 
ham 
Broadbelt,  Edward    


Moore,  Ann,  of  Knaresboro*. 
Percehay,  Mary,  of  Ryton  . 

Halliley,  Elizabeth,  of  Sher- 
burn 

Cartwright,  Dorothy,  dau**. 
of  William  C, 
of  York,  Gent. 

Lillyman,  Jane,  of  Tickhill, 

Wid. 
Cuites,  Isabel,  of  Hurclife  ? 

(sic) 
Ambler,  Merriam  (T  Mercy) 

(«tc),  of  Leeds 
Hawley,  Agnes,  of  Silkston 

Wright,  Bridget,  of  Bring- 
hay.    Par. 
Skipsea 

Pape,  Mary,  of  Hull 


Haldenby,  Ann.  of  Gemling, 
Par.  Foaton, 
Gent. 

Holgate,  Ann,  of  Ponte- 
fract 

Ball,  Alice,  of  Leeds 

Buckbarrow,  Mary,  of  York 


Taylor,  Ann,  of  Wakefield, 
Wid. 

Roberts,  Elizabeth,  of  Brad- 
ford 

Carr,  Isabel,  of  Torseye. 

Parker,  Jennet,  of  Mitton. 

Wilboro,    EUen,    of    Caw- 

thome 
Rokeby,  Dorothy,  of  Skiers, 

Gent. 
Browne,  Catherine,  of  Gis- 

bum 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Holv  Trinity, 
ificklegate, 
York. 


Edston. 
Sherbum. 


TickhilL 

Rowcliffe  ? 

Leeds. 

Bamsley. 

St.  Maigaret*B, 
York. 

St.  Helen's, 
Stonegate, 
York. 


Pontefract. 
Leeds. 

St.  Helen's, 
Stonegate, 
York. 

Wakefield. 

Bradford. 


Cawthome. 


Gisbum. 


^  Took  place.    He  died  in  June,  1659  (bugdale's  Visitation,  16<35,  Stirtees  Society,  p.  234). 
*•  Took  place  6  November,  1597.  "^  Took  plac«  6  Xovombcr,  15»7. 

**  See  Banter's  8outhTorksbirc, !. ,  p.  ?r>rt.  Wiin  be  son  of  James  Wimlungton  aud  Margaret  AnUby  ? 
*^  Tbe  grandparents  of  Sir  Ihonias  Rokeby,  Knight,  Justios  of  King's  Bench. 

D  2 


3d 


PAVEIIS  MARRIAGE  LICENSES. 


Dat«. 

1697 

1597 
1697 
1697 
1697 

1697 

1697 

1597 
1697 
1697 
1597 
1697 
1697 

1597 
1597 

1697 
1697 
1697 
1597 
1697 
1597 
1597 
1697 
1697 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

^  Wright,  Robert  

Girlington,    Ann,    now   of 
Goodmanham, 
Gent. 

Strickland,  Barbara,  of  Hun- 
manby 

Dobson,  Elizabeth,  of  Wil- 
larby 

Gates,  Edon  ?  {sic)  of  Hali- 
fax 

Hodgson,     Catherine,      of 
South  Lever- 
ton,  Wid. 

Smith,  Agnes,  of  St.  Samp- 
son's,    \ork, 
Wid. 

Pickard,  Mary,  of  Harwood, 
Wid. 

Shillito,  Euphemia,  of  Aber- 
ford 
Robson,  Mary,  of  Slingsby . 

Coates,    Dorothy,    of    St. 

OUve's.  York 

Parkin,  Ellen,  of  Danby  ... 

Greenhall,   Ellen,  of  Eirk 
Heaton 

Whiting,  Agnes,  of  Speeton, 
Wid. 

Burdett.  Jane 

Goodmanham  or 

QrindaU,  Edward 

• 
Hunmanby. 
Willarby. 
Halifax. 

St.  Sampson's, 
York. 

Harwood  or 
Kirkby 
Overblows. 

Aberford  or 
Garforth. 

Slingsby. 

St.  Clave  *8, 

York. 
Danby  or  Egton 

Kirk  Heaton. 

Reighton,  Burton 
Fleming,   or 
Speeton. 

Cawthome  or 

Riley,  William  

NichollSi  Isaac  

Slack,  Thomas,  of  Worsbro*... 

Fawber,  Abraham,  of  Clayton 

Turner,  Thomas,  of  Lindley, 
Par.  Otley 

QilL  Qeonre   

Leaf,  Thomas,  of  Crambe 

Hardy,  William .• 

Rudd,  Qeorflce 

Thewlifl,     Robert,    of     Kirk 

Heaton 
Taunton,  Michael,  of  Burton 

Fleming 

Burdett,  Richard  

Finder, John?   

Taylor,  Mary,  of  York 

Adamson,     Elizabeth,      of 
Leeds.  Wid. 

Dakins,  Prudence,  of  Fox- 
holes, Wid. 

Procter,  Ann,  of  Morfleet. 

Hardwick,  Isabel,  of  Whit- 
kirk 

Barrows,  Eleanor,  of  Skip- 
ton 

Hawksworth,     Jennet^     of 
Silkston 

Oxley,  Frances,  of  Silkston 

Gibson,  Jane,  of  York,  Wid. 
Peacock,  Frances,  of  Hull  . 
Cockell,  Elizabeth,  of  York. 
Bame,  Elizabeth,  of  Kilnsey. 

• 

St.  Saviour's  or 
Holy  Trinity, 
King's  Court, 
York. 

Leeds. 

Foxholes. 

Either  place. 
High  Hoyland. 

Doncaster. 

Hopkinson,  James 

Smallwood,  Robert,  of  Flixton 

Blashall,  Stephen,  of  Pattring- 

ton 
Farrey,  William 

Wardman,  John    

Ozley,     Edmund,    of    High 
Hoyland 

Walton,    Thomas,    of    High 
Hoyland 

Watson,  George,  of  York 

Webster,  James 

1697 
1697 

Brere,  Robert,  of  Halifax    ... 

Cookman,  Thomas,  of  Ottring- 
ham 

"*  Robert  Wrif^ht  of  Plowlatid,  aged  12  In  1584,  was  of  Fostun  In  1612,  and  had  two  daughters, 
Anne,  and  Mary,  wife  of  Ralph  Crathome  of  Ciathome  (Foster's  Visit.  1612,  pp.  145-284 ;  Dug- 
dale's  Visit.  1664,  p.  145). 


PAVERS  MABRIAGE   LICENSES. 


87 


Date. 
1597 

1597 
1597 

1597 
1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 

1597 
1597 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

- 

«Rudston,  Walter,  of   Hay- 
ton,  Esq. 

Walker,  Roger,  of  Crofton   . . . 

Qrant,  Edward,  of  Brompton, 
near      Northal- 
lerton 

Pexton.  John 

Constable,  Frances,  dau'.  of 
PhiUp  C,  of 
Everingham, 
Esq. 

Fleming,      Elizabeth,      of 
WarmBeld 

Appleton,  Margaret,  of  Kay- 
car  ?(5ic).  Par. 
Northallerton 

Handsley,  Mary,  of  Routh  . 

Lockwood,     Elizabeth,    of 
Kotherham, 
Wid. 

Tyas,  Ann,  of  Pontefract... 

Biugley,  Frances,  of  Bolton- 
on-Deame 

Brewster,    Janet,    now  or 
late  servant  to 
said    Marma- 
duke 

Elwiok,  Dorothy,  of  Soalby 

Warde,  Ann,  of  York 

Everingham. 

Either  place. 
Northallerton. 

St.  Michaers-le- 
Belfrey,  York. 
Rotherham. 

Donoaster. 

Bolton-on- 

Deame. 
Birkby  or  Danby 

Wiske. 

Scalby  or 

Claughton. 
Methley. 

St.  John's, 
Micklegate, 
York. 

Fulford. 

Cowthorpe. 

Brompton  in 
Pickering 
Lithe. 

Kirkby  in 
Cleveland. 

Shercliffe,  Edward,  of  Eccles- 
field 

Sweeting,   William,  of  Don- 
caster 
Shennerd.  William    

Rose,  Marmaduke,  of  Biikby 
Olover.  Rslph    

Chavtor.  John 

1597 

1597 
1597 

1597 

1597 
1597 

Botts  T  {sic),  Thomas,  of  Brad- 
ford 

Harrison,  Robert,  of  York   ... 

DanielL  William    

Wood,  Agnes,  of  Beeston... 

Williamson,    Elizabeth,  of 

Fulford 
Addyson,       Margaret,      of 

Wetherby, 

Wid. 
Atkinson,      Elizabeth*     of 

Brorapton  in 

Pickering 

Lithe 
Ling,   Mary,  of  Kirkby  in 

Cleveland 
Widdowson.  Elizabeth. 

Hudson,  Roger  

Topcliffe,  John,  of  Kirkby  in 

Cleveland 
Dnnford.  John 

1597 

1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 

Allison,  William   

Thompson,    Elizabeth,    of 
Spofforth 

Beilby,  Jane  

All  Saint*s, 

North  Street, 

York. 
Holy  Trinity, 

Goodramgate, 

York. 
Borobridge. 

Shutt.  Richard  

• 

Bentley,  Qeoi^ge 

^Fairfax.  Edward 

Thompson,  Ann,  of  Boro- 
bridge 

Calverley,     Catherine,     of 
Otley,  Wid. 

Wilson,  Catherine,  of  Par- 
lington 

Cooper,  Frances,  of  Leeds 

Swale,    Jane,    of    Askham 
Richard 

Cawdra,  Mathew   

Aberford. 
Leeds. 

Rh/v1e«,  WilHam     

1597 

Qreen,  Covenante 

Askham  Richard 

1 

«s  She  was  baptised  at  Etton,  4  July,  1583.  ^ 

••  Was  this  cSitherine  Thomholme,  widow  of  William  Calverley,  Esq.,  of  Calverley?  Was  her 
husband  son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Fairfax,  of  Gillinflr,  and  Jane  Palmes,  or  his  grandson,  and  son  of 
Cuthbert  Fnir^z  ?  Or  was  he  the  i>oet  ?  Or  his  first  cousin  Edward,  sou  of  Henry  Fairfax  and 
Dorothy  Aske  ?    No  such  marriage  took  place  at  Otley. 


38 


PAVERS  MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


Date. 


1697 

1597 
i697 
1697 


Name  and  description. 


Brownoi  William,  of  Flambro' 

Hardy,  John,  of  Baynton 

Surdivall,  George,  of  Swine  ... 
Hall,  Thomas,  of  Wykebam... 


Name  and  description. 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


1597  Lumley,  Thomas,  of  Ainderby 


1597 

I 

I 

J1597 
1597 
1597 
•1597 
1597 

1597 
1597 

1597 

1597 
1597 
1597 

1697 
1597 
1697 
1597 
1597 
1597 
1597 
1697 


Fountaynes,  Thomas 

Gray,  Henry  

Walker,  James,  of  Headon  ... 
Dyneley,  Henry 

Higgins,  Francis,  of  Hardwick 
Par.  Pontefract 

Hall,  John,  of  Raskelf,  Par. 
Easingwold 

Lowson,  Robert,  of  Muston ... 

"Hindsley,  Hugh 

^  Fairweaiher,  John,  of  Hull 

Thompson,  Roger 

Oldfield,  Thomas   

Harrison,  Thomas,  of  Ayton... 


Bowes,  James 

Thompson,  John,  I  Clerk 


Bume,  John,   of  Kirk  Ham- 

merion 
Burrell,  John,  of  Bransburion 

Kay,  Robert,  of  Withergrange 

Middleton,  Anthony 

George  Jackson 

Thorpe,  Robert,  Widower    ... 


Peacock,  Ann,  dau*".  of 
Thomas  P.  of 
Bridlington 

Levett,  Alice,  of  Etton,  Wid. 

Martin,  Isabel,  now  or  late 

of  Headon 
Berriman,  Cicely,  of  Wilton 

Pansex,  Ann,  of  Kilburn  ... 

Wastell,  Isabel,  of    Leeds, 

Wid. 
Walker,  Margery,  of  Oswald- 
kirk 
See,  Agnes,  of  Cottingham, 

Wid. 
Browne,    Cicely,    of   York 

Castle 
Freeman,  Mary,  of  Swilling- 

ton 
Smith,  Joan,  of  Raskelf,  Par. 

Easingwold, 

Wid. 
Hoggard,  Margaret,  of  Filey 

Tunstall,  Ann,  of  Wood- 
house  Par., 
Sutton  •  on  - 
Derwent 

Hutchinson,  Elizabeth,    of 
St.    Martin's, 
Mioklegate, 
York 

Thompson,  Alice,  of  Hutton 
Pagnel 

Belhouse,Margaret,  of  Leds* 
ham 

Rutter,       Elizabeth,        of 
Broughton 
Par.,  Kirby  in 
Cleveland 

Rawson,  Dorothy,  of  North- 
allerton 

Harrison,  Alice,  Wid. 

Coates,  Ellen,  of  Plompton 

Taylor,  Ann,  North  Frod- 

ingham 
Waterhouse,  Susan 

Lyon,      Mary,      of     Holy 

Trinity,  Hull 

Heron,  Isabel,  of  Sprotley 

Allen,  Sybel,  dau'.  of  George 
A.,  of  Halifax 


Etton. 

Headon. 

Wykeham. 

Either  place. 

Leeds. 

Oswaldkirk. 

Either  place. 

St.  Mary's,  Castle- 
gate,  York. 

Pontefract  or 
Swillington. 

Raskell 

Either  place. 


St.     Marti  n*s, 
Mioklegate,  York, 


Brodsworth. 

Ledsham. 

Ayton  or  Kirby, 
in  Cleveland. 

Northallerton  or 


Kirk  Hammer- 
ton. 

North  Froding- 
ham. 


Holy       Trinity, 

HuU. 
Sprotley. 

Halifax. 


*>  John  Tunfftall,  of  the  Woodhoiise,  was  buried  at  Sutton-on-Derweut,  21  August,  1596,  and 
Hugh  Hinsley,  of  the  Woodhouse,  7  S^tember,  ltf2S. 

*^iie  was  probably  a  native  of  York  and  of  St.  Martin's  parish,  in  which  William,  son  of  Oeorge 
Fatrweatber  was  baptised  2  April,  1582,  and  in  the  years  1622, 1624,  and  1629,  respectively,  baptised 
bis  sonB  Thomas,  Christopher,  and  William  Fairweather. 


payer's  marriaqe  licenses. 


39 


Date. 

597 
597 
598 

598 

598 

598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 

598 
598 
598 
598 
598 

598 

598 
598 
598 


Name  and  description. 


Hedon,  John  ... 
Pickering,  ^ohn 


Barker,  John,  of  Hull,  mer- 
chant 


Kidd,  John,  of  Birdsall 


■7  Leigh,  Robert,  ofWynde- 
under*Wath,  dio. 
Carlisle 

Yarrington,  John,  London  ... 

Lickbarrow.    Peter,     of    St. 

John's,  Beverley 

•■Laycock,  Christopher    

Clarke,  Richard,  of  Bempton 

Berry,  Thomas  

Dyer,  Thomas,    Clerk,   M.A. 

of  Halifax 
Bedford,  Robert,  of  Dewsbury 


Name  and  description. 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Robinson,  Nicholas 
Machon,  John   


Parvin,    Thomas,  of   Nether 

Stilton 
Conyers,    James,    of    Hesket 

Par.     Feliskirk, 

Gent. 
Wildon,  Marmaduke,  of  Skel- 

ton 
Simpson,  Thomas 

«»Lambton,  Robert,  York   .. 

Conyers,  George     

Driffield,  Thomas 


Fenton,  Abraham,  of  Leeds... 

Parkhouse,  Walter,  of  Danby 

Joy,  Bryan,  of  Alne 

Akeroyd,    Alvery,    Vicar    of 
Dewsbury 


Newton,  Ann,  of  Pattring- 

ton 
Johnson,  Janet,  of  Hull   ... 

Hewitt,  Ann,  dau'.  of 
Joshua  H., 
Gent.,  of  Hull 

Pannell,  Jane,  of  Kening- 
thorpe,  Par. 
Langton 

Sharpe,  Jane,  of  St.  Cuth- 
bert's,  Carlisle 

Reade,  Catherine,  of  Hull, 

Wid. 
Cutterall,  Ann,  of  St.  Mary's, 

Beverley 
Windle,  Ann,  of  Guiseley 

Holme,  Elizabeth,  of  Bemp- 
ton, Wid. 

Homer,  Jane,  of  St.  Crux, 
York,  Wid. 

Watmough,  Grace,  of 
Halifax 

Hoyle,  Elizabeth,  of 
Halifax 

Addison,  Ann,  of  Hesliogton, 
Wid. 

Storth,  Ann,  of  Sheffield, 
Wid. 

Willey,  Agnes,  of  Over 
Silton 

Sowden,  Catherine,  of  East- 
rington,  Wid. 

Theakston,  Alice,  of  Cop- 
grove 
Bailey,  Isabel,  of  Leeds 

Wright,  Mary,  of  Thornton 
le  Street 

Wharton,  Frances,  of 
Aughton 

Bell,  Esther,  dau'.  of  Thomas 
B.,  of  EUer- 
ton 

Ingle,  Margaret,  of  Barwick 
in  Elmet, 
Wid. 

Roe,  Margery,  of  Sheriff 
Hutton 

Wilson,  Jane,  of  St.  Olave's, 
York,  Wid. 

Forrest,  Isabel,  of  Dews- 
bury 


Pattrington. 

Holy        Trinity, 

Hull 
Holy        Trinity, 

Hull 

BirdsalL 


St.  Cuthbert's, 
Carlisle. 

Holy  Trinity, 
Hull. 

St.  Mary's,  Bev- 
erley. 

Guiseley. 

Bempton. 

St.  Crux,  York. 

Halifax. 

Either  place. 

St.      Lawrence's, 

York. 
Sheffield. 

Leake. 

FeliskirkorEast- 
rington. 

Ripon    or    Cop- 

grove. 
Leeds.  < 

Thornton. 

Aughton.  I 

Ellerton. 

Leeds. 

Sheriff  Hutton. 

St.  Olave's,  York. 

Dewsbury,  Eg- 
glesfield,  or 
Sandall  Magna. 


K"  Winderwath  la  a  detached  portion  of  the  pariah  of  Cllbbum,  Westmorland.  Robert  Leigh  wtw 
witneM  to  Livery  and  Seisin  endorsed  on  a  deed  dated  15  April,  lol*?,  whereby  George,  Eiirl  of 
CumberUtnd,  K.O.,  mortgaged  that  manor  to  Thomas  Brathwaito  of  Buraishead,  Esq. 

^«  Took  place  10  April,  1698. 

w  Son  of  Tnomaa  Lambton  of  Malton  (Foster's  Visit.  Ebor.  1584,  p.  182),  was  of  All  Saints'  Pave- 
ment, York,  where  he  baptised  six  children,  of  whom  one  son,  Arthur,  8  May,  1602. 


40 


PAVERS   MARRIAGE  LICENSES. 


Date. 
1598 

Xame  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Wlicre  to  be 
Married. 

Bftvldon.  ChrifltODher    

Pighills,  Isabel,  of  Carlton 
in  Craven 

Carlton  in  Craven 

^^%Mj  •V**^***      XX"**  •■»•  *^-  m^m^^^m               ■••«•■••• 

1598 

Brearley,  James,  of  Quisbum 

Hindle,  Jennet,  of  Downham 

Either  place. 

1598 

M  Maud,  Francis,  of  Harwood 

Coates,    Catherine,    of    St. 

St.       Margaret's, 

Margaret's, 

York- 

York 

1598 

Leach,  John,  of  Bolton  Percy 

Wetherell,  Ann,  of  Ryther, 
Wid. 

Ryther. 

1598 

Rawson,  W.  of  Bradford  

Hawkesworth,  Barbara,  of 
Bayldon 

Bayldon. 

1598 

'*  Hvnshav.  John  

Dymocke,      Qertrude,      of 
Stockhill,  Par. 

Spofforth. 

A  *^  W^  \^ 

*•*  J  a^^^aa^j  J    -mf  •%^mmm»       ••*••■••••••••• 

Spoflrorth,Wid. 

1598 

Mefinrotson*  John   

Qower,  Elizabeth,  of  Oxhill, 
Par.   Whorle- 

Whorleton. 

A  •r  wr^^ 

MtA^^f^ft^^i^ ^mm^^mm^    ^r  ^^■••^         •••**•  •••  ••«■■» 

w       ^^^  ^^  ^m   ^m  ^^  ^m  ^^  ^P^v  V 

ton,  Wid. 

1598 

Ward,  Thomas,  of  Pontefract 

Wood,     Susan,     dau'.    of 
Francis  W.,  of 
SandallMagna. 

Beckwith,    Alice,    dau'.   of 

Sandall  Magna. 

1598 

»i  Croft,    Edward,    of    York, 

St  John's  Mickle. 

mercer 

Christopher 
B.,      of      St. 
John's,Mickle. 
gate,      York, 
Alderman 

gate,  York. 

1598 

•5  Hutchinson,  Thomas,  Vicar 

Etherington,   Alice,    dau^ 

[North    Froding- 

of    North    Fro- 

of  Qeorge  E., 

ham.] 

dingham 

of     Driffield, 
Qent. 

1598 

Pennington,  Francis,  of  Boro- 

Bumam     (Bymand),    {sic) 

Knaresboro*. 

bridge 

Frances,       of 
Knaresboro* 

1598 

•^Anby,  John,  of   Sherwood 

Riccard,     Ann,     dau'.    of 

Snaith. 

Hall,  Par.    Kel- 

Charles  R.,  of 

lington,  Qent. 

Heck,       Par. 
Snaith,  Qent. 

1598 

Simpson,  William,  of  Ryton 

Medd,  liaud,  of  Old  Malton, 

Kirkby    Misper- 

Wid. 

ton. 

1598 

•5  Procter,      John,     son     of 

Eltofts,  dau'.  of  Edward  E., 

Rildwick. 

• 

Thomas     P.    of 

of     Famhill, 

Bordley,  Qent. 

Par.Kildwick, 

» 

Esq. 

1598 

Bland,  liartin    

Lowden,  Elizabeth,  of  Bol- 

Bolton  Chanons. 

ton  Chanons 

1598 

Harrison,  Thomas,  of  Bamby 

Motley,  Ann,    of  Ledston, 
Par.  Ledsham 

Ledsham. 

;  1598 

^  Pearson,      Thomas,      M.  A. 

Robinson,  Elizabeth,  dau'. 

Full    Sutton,  or 

Rector  of  Catton 

of  Thomas  R., 

Sutton-on-Der- 

Rector  of  Full 

went. 

Sutton 

!  1598 

Waterhouse,  Robert,  of  Hart- 

Lindley,  Susan,  dau^of  Ann 

Either  place. 

hill,  Qent. 

L.,  of  Weston 

>  1598 

Law.  John,  of  Gownav 

Chapman,  Jane,  of  Billing- 
ham 

Billingham. 

X  ^'Ir  Vi/ 

m  J<i>  »•  m    ^F  ^^**A*a     ***     ^*   ^^  i»  mT^^J     ••••••••• 

1598 

Thornton,  Christopher,  Qent. 

Appleby,  Jane,  of  Oswald- 

Oswaldkirk       or; 

kirk,  Wid. 

Kilbum. 

«>  Took  place  8  May,  1598.  •*  Query.  Hynalay  or  Henshaw  ?         w  Took  place  14  May,  1698. 

*>  Took  place  19  May,  1698,  at  Frodingham,  where  he  was  buried  20  December,  1649. 

»♦  Took  place  22  May,  1598.  «  Read  Edmund  EUoft. 

M  Thomas  Pearson  was  btiried  at  Catton  20  May,  1630.  HIm  father-in-law  at  Pocklington  20  July, 
1612.  The  Register  is  missing  from  1601  to  1609 ;  but  the  following  would  appear  to  be  his  grand* 
sou :  "  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  Person  of  Upper  Catton,  Clerk,  baptised  22  May,  1632.'* 


payer's  marriage  licenses. 


4L 


Date. 
159S 

i:98 
1598 


1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 

1598 
159S 

1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 


Name  and  description. 


Name  and  description. 


Killingbecky  Thomas,  with 
consent  of  his 
father 

Thompson,  Christopher    


Blithe,  Stephen,  of  Sculooats 


1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 


Peacock,  William,  of  Leake 

Hunter,       Marmaduke,       of 

Stain  ton 
Poole,  William,  of  Draz 

Shaw,    Andrew,  of  Hudders- 

field 
Swainson,  Richard,  of  Brawith, 

Par.  Leake 
Heber,  Thomas,  of  Qargrave, 

Gent.,  Wid' 

Oglethorpe,  Francifi,  of 
Guiseley 

'' Bigod,  Simon,  of  Settrington 

Bentley,  Robert,  of  Lund- 
house  Green, 
Par.  Pannall 

Kilton,  Thomas 

Lockwood,  Thomas  

^Rawden,  Lawrence,  of  York, 
Mercer 

Bell,  Anthony,  of  Leeds  

Pigbum,  Richard,  of  Bads- 
worth 

Atkinson,  John,  of  Evering- 
ham 


Wood,  William 

Lacy,  John,  Gent 

Buck,  John,  son  of  Stephen 
B.,  late  of  Bur- 
ton Pidsea,  dec^. 

PoBtgate,  Edward 


Wilcock,  Mary.  dau'.  of 
Robert  W., 
late  of  York, 
dec"*. 

Dyus,  Janet,  dau*".  of  Robert 
D.,  of  Hillam, 
Pur.  Whitkirk 

Lancaster,  Isabel,  servant  to 
Marmaduke 
Langdale, 
Gent.,  of  Lan- 
thorpe 

Simpson,  Ellen,  of  Ingleby- 
under-Amcliff 

Parkin,  Isabel,  of  Kirby 
Knowle 

Freeman,  Mary,  of  Swilling- 
ton 

Whiteley,  Judith,  of  EUand 

Allen,  Mary,  dau'.of  Thomas 
A.,  ofBrayton 

Hamerton,  Mary,  of  Long 
Preston, 
Gent.,  Wid. 

Marshall,      Elizabeth,      of 
RothweU, 
Wid. 

Blakeston,  Susan,  of  Etton 

Atkinson,  Sybel,of  Fewston, 

Wid. 

Lambert,  Elizabeth,  of 
Leake 

Beswick,  Grace,  of  Almond- 
bury 

Barton,  Margery,  dau'.  of 
William  B., 
late  of  Caw- 
ton,  Gent. 

Flather,  Mary,  of  Harewood 

Chambers,  Barbara,  of  Ad- 
wick-le-Street 

Spalding,    Isabel,    dau*".  of 
Christopher 
S.,     of       St. 
Mary's,  Bever- 
ley 

Wood,  Agnes,  of  Cocken  ... 

Ogden,  Grace,  of  Bowling, 
Par.  Bradford 

Thompson,  Margaret,  dau*". 
of  William  T., 
of  Keying- 
ham,  Gent. 

Smallwood,  Jane,  dau'.  of 
Francis  S.,  of 

Bransby 


Where  to  be 
Miirried. 


St.     Michael's-le- 
Belfrey,  York. 

Whitkirk. 


Skirley,  Par. 

Swine. 


Leake. 
Either  place. 
Swillington. 
Elland. 
Brayton. 
Long  Preston. 

RothwelL 

Etton. 
Fewston. 

Leake. 

Almondbury. 

Oswaldkirk. 

Harewood. 

Adwick-le-Street 

St.  Mary's,  Bever- 
ley. 


Cocken  [Co.  Dur- 
ham ?]. 
Bradford. 

At  Keyingham, 
or  St.  John's, 
Beverley 

Bransby. 


^  Took  place  19  June,  1598. 

"•  Took  0ace  26  June,  1598.  Ho  was  buried  at  St  Crux,  York,  6  July,  1626.    She,  IS  JLpx\l«\Mi. 


42 


paver's  marriage  licenses. 


Date. 


1598 


1598 
1598 
1598 


Name  and  deaciiption. 


Acklam,  William,  of  Haltem- 
price,  Par.  Kirk- 
ella,  son  of 
Robert  A.,  of 
Be  whelm  e 

Lickbarrow,  Peter,  of  St. 
John's,  Beverley 

Marshall,  John,  of  Barton-le* 
Street 

Smith,  Edward,  son  of 
Thomas  S.,  of 
Morley 


1598 

1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 

1598 
1598 

1598 


1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 


••Feaiherstone,      Henry,     of 
Dacre      (Co. 
Cumb.) 

Welles,  John  


Robinson,  Robert,  of  Skipsey 

Lodge,  John,  of  Ilkley 

Atkinson,  Peter,  of  Ripley  ... 


Baxter,    Richard,    of    Hirst, 
Par.  Birkin 

Smith,  Roger,  of  Newton-on- 

Ouse 
Taylor,  Samuel,  of  Wakefield 


JWfirowne,  Richard,  of  Flam- 
borough,  son  of 
Ralph  B.,  late 
of  same,  deed. 


>Buck,  Nathaniel 


Scaife,    Thomas,    of   Averay 
Park,     Par. 
Hampsthwaite 

Layland,  Thomas,  of  Qirston, 
Par.  Linton 

^Prickett,  Robert, of  Seaton... 


Wilson,  Robert,  of  Crake 


Name  and  description. 


Acklam,  Emote,  of  Haltem- 
price,  dau'.  of 
Thos.  A.  of 
Dringhowe 

Catterall,  Ann,  of  Holy 
Trinity,  HuU. 

Hebden,  Elizabeth,  of  Bar- 
toD-le-Street 

Falkingham,  Margery,  dau'. 
of  Thomas 
F.,  Gent,  of 
Leeds,  servant 
to  Matthew 
Lee  of  Roth- 
well 

Wybright,  Dorothy,  of  Clif- 
ton, CO.  West- 
morland 

Burton,  Isabel,  of  Thornton 
in  Pickering, 
Wid. 

Booth,  Alison,  of  Beford, 
Wid. 

Wade,  Isabel,  of  Adding- 
ham,  Wid. 

Famell,  Ellen,  of  Hamps- 
thwaite, dau'. 
of  Miles  F. 

Twisleton,  Ann,  of  Barlow, 
Par.  Brayton, 
Wid. 

Preston,  Ann,  of  Newton- 
OQ-Ouse 

Petty,   Jane,  dau'.  of    An- 
thony P., 
North  Cliffe 

Bishop,  Mary,  dau'.  of  Ro- 
bert B.,  late 
of  Pockling- 
ton,  Gent., 
dec**. 

Askwith,  alias  Brompton, 
Isabel,  of  St. 
John's,  Mick- 
legate,  York 

Dunwell,  Elizabeth,  of  Dio. 
York 

Tennant,  Elizabeth,  of  Arn- 
clifife 

Hindsley,  Margaret,  of 
Sutton  (Der- 
went) 

Raper,  Jane,  of  Kasingwold, 
Wid. 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Kirkella. 


Holy       Trinity, 

Hull. 
Barton-le-Street. 

Batley. 


Either  place. 

Thornton  in  Pick- 
ering  (Lithe). 

Either  place. 

Addingham. 

Either  place. 

Birkin  or  Brayton. 

Newton-on-Ouse. 
Sancton. 

Flamborough. 


St.  John's,  Mickle- 
gate,  York. 


Hampsthwaite  or 
Fewston. 

Linton    or  Am* 
cliffe. 

Seaton. 


Easingwold. 


'  **  Henry  Featherstonhaugb  of  Dacre,  co.  Cunib.,  and  Dorothy  Wybergh  (eeo  Bum  and Niculaun, 
lU.,  425).    Their  daughter  Frances  was  buried  at  Daci-e  12  June,  1610. 

^^  Soe  was  dauGrbter  of  Richard  (not  Ro<jert)  Bishop,  and  was  baptised  at  Focklington  23  June 
1677,  where  her  brother  Robert  was  baptized  24  April,  1684,  and  buried  24  November,  1636. 

»  Took  place  2  August,  1698.  »  See  Dugdale's  Visit.  Ebor.  1664,  p.  130. 


PAVERS   MAHKIAGB   LICENSES. 


43 


DaU. 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

1598 

Sttxiden.  John    

Wilkinson.     Elizabeth,    of 

Slaitbum  or  Gig- 
gleswick. 

^y  w^***^*%^**  B    ^^  ^'■•■*            •••  ••••••  •••■••  ••• 

Slaitbum 

1598 

Farrbank,  John,  of  Halifax  ... 

Parker,  Ellen,  of  Thome  ... 

Halifax. 

1598 

Higgin^  Francis,  of  Pontefract 

Skipton,  Mary,  of  Pontefract 

Pontefract. 

1598 

Smith.  John,  of  EUand 

Home.  Isabel,  of  Elland   ... 

Elland. 

1598 

Thompson,  Thomas,  of  Folli- 

DenniBon,     Elizabeth,     of 

Spofforth. 

foot.  Par.  Spof- 

Braham. 

forth 

1598 

Garbutt,  William,  of  Thirsk... 

Met^lfe,  Elizabeth,  of  Old- 

Thirsk     or    Kil- 

stead,  Wid. 

burn. 

1598 

'Thomborough,  Rowland,  son 

Dalton,  Jane,  dau*".  of  Tho- 

Kirkham        [co. 

of   William  T., 

mas  D.,  Esq., 

Lane.]. 

of  Selside,  Esq. 

dec**. 

1598 

RawBon,  Thomas   

Kewsome,  Ann.  of   Ponte- 
fract 

Pontefract. 

^h^MV  ••  mf^^mim^        ^^  ^1^^^  ^t^^^tm^^^m            ■■••■■•■•••■■•> 

1598 

Emmotti  Robert,  of  Emmott, 

Emmott,  Elizabeth,  of  Wy- 

Colne  or    Castle 

Par.  Colne 

coUer,       Par. 
Castlo  Clidero 

Clidero. 

1598 

Waterhouse,      Thomas,      of 
Thomhill 

Lacy,  Alice,  of  Halifax  

Either  place. 

1598 

Heber,   Henry,   of   Stainton, 

Somerscales,    Margaret,    of 

Giggleswick. 

Par.     Qargrave, 

Giggleswick, 

Gent. 

Wid. 

1598 

Woodroffe,  Percival,  of  Sand- 

Waterhouse,        Ann,        of 

Wakefield  or  San- 

all 

Thornes 

dall  Magna. 

1598 

Ellison,  John,  of  Doncaster, 

Cockill,  EHzabeth,  of  Wake- 

Either place. 

Draper 

field,  Wid. 

1598 

1598 

Qurdon.  Robert 

Tennant,  Margaret,  of  Hull 
Edmondson,  Jane,  of  Mitton 

Mitton  in  Craven. 

^Sherbum,    Thomas,  son    of 

Sir  Richard  S., 

in  Craven 

Knt.,  dec**. 

1598 

Bawdwm,  William,  of  Wind- 

Emmott,  Isabel,  of  Carlton 

Carlton  in  Craven. 

hiU,  Par.  Kild- 

in  Craven 

wick 

1598 

Lancaster.  Richard    

Hodgson,  Margaret,  of  Gis- 
bum 

Gisbum. 

1598 

Roberts,  Anthony,  of  Sheffield 

Parker,  Ellen,  dau'.   of  Ro- 

Either parish. 

bert    P.,     of 

RoadwayHall, 

Par.     Rother- 

ham 

1598 

Blackburn,    Robert,    now  of 

Nutter,  Elizabeth,  of  Koth- 

Pontefract. 

Pontefract 

well 

1598 

Baxter.  Francis 

Rawsthome,    Winifred,    of 
TickhUl,  Wid. 

Tickhill. 

^b^^BV^^  Vf^^  A  J      ^fc    •  9^tm^^0^*m     •••  ••••••  •••  •••••• 

1598 

^Horrock.  Alexander 

Hall,     Marcaret,     of     St. 

St.         MichaeVs, 

^^^^^^  m  m   ^r^^mimm       ^fci^te*  ***^»^^i^^^^^^    avv    *•••■•••■ 

Michael's, 

New  Malton. 

■ 

New     Malton 

1598 

FJlirt-  RnbeHL  of  Filev 

Paulin,  Euphemia,  of  Ruds- 
ton,  Wid. 

Rudston. 

1598 

! 

Ineham.  Richard   

Emmotson,  Judith,  of  Lud- 
infifden 

Halifax   or  Lud- 
ingden. 

^^  ^k^  ^^h  ^.^B  WV  ^P^BflB  ■         ^B  ^  w   ^r  ^P^n^v^     ^i^^                vsv     v««     www    www     vvv 

r 

»  See  Bum  and  Nicolaon,  i.,  p.  219.  This  was  a  "Facility"  Licence,  an  exercise  of  Prerogra- 
tiye  authority  because  the  parties  lived  in  co.  Westm.  and  co.  Lane,  both  witJiin  the  Archdeaconry 
of  Richmond. 

«  Dr.  Whituker  (Whalley,  1806,  p.  414),  &iys  this  Thomas  died  a  minor,  and  makes  no  mention  of 
his  marriage. 

»  His  daiiffbter,  Lucy  Orrock,  was  baptiised  10  April,  1608  ;  his  »on  Robert  30  Oct.  1608.  He 
buried  a  wife,  SibcU,  14  Oct.,  1020,  and  was  himself  buried  5  Sept.,  1657,  at  St.  Micbae\!ft,  ^ialtou. 


41 


PAVERS  MABBIAOE  LICENSES. 


Date. 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Wiiere  to  be 
Married. 

1598 

Smith,  Thomas,  of  Doncaster, 

Brookes  ?,  (sie)  Joan,  dau'.  of 

Holy         Trinity 

Uent. 

I^ichard  B.,  of 

or  St,  Mary's, 

Doncaster, 

Hull. 

now  in  Hull 

1598 

Keveley,  Robert,  of  Holme-on- 

Brompton,  Mary,  of  Holme- 

Holme  -on-Spald- 

Spaldingmore 

on  -  Spalding- 
more 

ingmore. 

1598 

Watson,  Joho,  of  Hollym    ... 

Ranson,  Ellen,  of  Ganstead 

Swine  or  Hollym. 

1598 

Turner,  Marmaduke,  Qent.  ... 

Birkhead,    Mary,    dau'.    of 

All  Saints'  Pave- 

Brian   B.,    of 

ment,  York. 

York,merch*., 

dec<*. 

1598 

Cowper,  John,  of  Deanhouse, 

Horsfall,  Martha,  of  Kirk- 

Halifax  or  Harts- 

Par.  Halifax 

lees 

head. 

1598 

Pratt,  Matthew 

Metcalfe,  Alice  

Askrigg. 
Hoviogham. 

1598 

Hopperton,  Peter,  of  Hoving- 

Homer,  Alice,  of  Kirkbum 

ham 

1598 

^Smallwood,  John,  of  Qolds- 

Lepton,  Agnes  of  Kebeck 

Over  Silton. 

borough.      Par. 

(Kepwick), 

Lythe,  Gent. 

Par.  Over  Sil- 
ton,  Gent. 

1598 

Hill,  Thomas,  of  Acomb  

Bardon,  Euphemia,  of  Aber- 
ford 

Aoomb. 

1598 

SnarliniT.  Thomas 

Harrison,      Dorothy,       of 

Hawnby 
Doughty,  Magdalen,  of  Hull 

Ward,   Margaret,    of    Dio. 
York 

Hawnby. 

St.  Mary's,  HuU. 

Cundall  or   Cat- 

1598 

Barron.  John 

1598 

Letby.  Robert   

*lr  W 

^■^P  ^^  ^V  ^^^  ^M      m       ^^^^^  ^^   ^^^  ^^  ^^     ^^                VVVVVVVVS     VVV     vvvvvv 

terick. 

1598 

Speight,  Samuel,  of  Methley  . 

Ingle,  Bridget,  of  Stilling- 
fleet 

StUUngfleet. 

1598 

Calvert.  Christopher 

Metcalfe,  Cicely 

£Iaton,  CO.  Notts 

A  Vr  Vr  V^ 

^mw  w^^   w     ^^^»    ^^^         ^^^  ^f^^^m  ^mr^^  ^r  ^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^  ^        vvvwvv    vvvvvv 

^^"^^^  ^^  ^^  ^^  ^^^^^^^^  ^^  H         ^t^  ^m  ^W  ^P  ^P_  y     vVVVVVvvBvvv       w  %   9 

or  Qu.  Fjiton 

1598 

Pinder.  Francis 

Harrison,      Elizabeth,      of 
Harpham 

Harpham. 

M  Ir VV^ 

^^m   ^w^B  ^1^  v^^    V      ^^    ^p  v^v  ^k^B  ^^^P4w       vvv    vvv   vvv    www   www   vvv 

1598 

Callis,  Robert,  Qent,  of  St. 

Turner,  Margaret,  dau^   of 

St.  Mary's,  Castle- 

Mary's,    Castle- 

Christopher 

gate,  York. 

gate,  York 

T.,     of      St. 
Mary's,  Castle- 
gate,  York 

1598 

Plewman,  Thomas,  of  Aoomb 

Taylor,  Mary,  dau'.  of  John 
T.,ofMarrick, 
Par.    Barwick 
in  Elmet 

Acomb. 

1598 

Walton,  Arthur,  of  Elslake... 

Wilcock,  Margaret,  dau'.  of 
Lancelot  W., 
of  Thornton 

Broughton. 

1598 

Wilkinson,    Thomas,   son   of 

Lofthouse,  Ellen,  of  Brough- 

Kildwick. 

John     W.,     of 

ton 

Bradley,  deo<*. 

1598 

7Hartforth,  Michael,  of  York, 

Birkhead,    Mary,    dau^   of 

All  Saints*  Pave- 

MerchS 

W.      B.,     of 
Leeds 

ment,  York. 

1598 

Booth,  Thomas,  of  Leeds 

Blackburn,  Mary,  dau^  of 
James  B.,  of 

Halifax. 

HaUfax 

1598 

Foxton,  Thomas,  of  Topcliffe. 

Clapham,    Edith,  dau^    of 
Leonard  C,  of 
Feliakirk 

Topcliffe. 

•  See  Fuster'a  Visit.  Ebor.  1084,  p.  214. 


7  Took  place  10  October,  lbV6, 


PAVERS   MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


45 


Date. 

1508 
1598 
1508 

1598 

1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 

159S 
1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 
1593 
1598 


Name  and  description. 


Carr,  William,  of  Rotherham 

Taylor,  Michael 

Praance,  John,  of  Minskip  . . . 


^CoUiiiBon,  William,  of  Fea- 
therstone, 
Marrysse. 

Smiihson,  John,  of  Fencote, 
Par.     Kirkby 
Fleetham 

Robinaon,  John 


'Perkins,  Henry. 


Woodward,  Stephen,  of  Tor- 
syde 


Appleyard,  Thomas,  of  Burst- 
wickgarth, 
Qeut. 

Wright^  Mathew,  of  Cawood 

Smith,  Thomas,  of  Ilkley 

Wharton,  John,  of  Plompton 


Green,    Thomas,    of    Kirby 
Moorside 


Tutton  (sic),  John 
Lund,  William  .... 
Gooi^man,  John  .... 


1598  '  Banks,  alias  Hodgson,  John 
1598  .  WUkes,  William,  of  Ripon   ... 
1598  Simpson,  William,  of  Upsall 


1598 
1598 
1598 
1593 
1598 


Name  and  description. 


Fetherstonhalgh,     Ralph,    of 

Stanhope,  Esq. 
Howson,  Michael  

Tempest,  Walter,  of  Tong   ... 


Clapham,  Robert,  of  Patring- 

ton 
Mancklin,  William,  of  Skeltou, 
Par.  Leeds 
1598 '  Cartwright,   George,   of  Ruf* 
1  forth 


Neville,  Ruth,  of  Tankers- 
ley,  Wid. 

Thorpe,  Isabel,  of  Slingsby, 
Wid. 

Hill,  EUen 


Welbum,  Margaret,  of  Ye- 
cUngham 

Hogg,  Jennett,  of  North- 
allerton 

Thorpe,  Frances,  of  HoUym 

Rimmington,  Mar^iaret^  of 
Hatfield 

Brlgge,  Catherine,  of  Steven 
Park.        Par. 
Slatebum, 
Wid. 

Legard,      Ann,     dau**.     of 
Christopher 
L.,   Gent.,  of 
Anlaby 

Tancred,  Dorothy,  of  Boro- 
bridge 

Wayte,  Frances,  of  Barwick, 
or  Elmet 

Killingbeck,  Ann,  of  Leeds 

Moone,  Ann,  dau^  of  Richard 
M.,  late  of 
Fyling 

Dowson,  Eden,  of  Tanfield, 
Wid. 

Wilson,  Jane,  of  Settle,  Wid. 

Thompson,  Ann,  dau^  of 
William  T.,  of 
Keyingham 

Banks,  Josia(n),  of  North 
Cave,  Wid. 

Hill,  Jane,  of  Knaresboro', 
Wid. 

Rowntree,  Ann,  of  York, 
Wid. 

Appleyard,  Jane,  of  Skeck* 

ling 
Dean,  Prudence 

Walker,  Elizabeth,  of  Brad- 
ford 

Wood,  Elizabeth,  of  Wel- 
wick 

Rub  inson,  Catherine,  of 
Pontefrnct 

Thompson,     Margaret,      of 

Poppleton 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Either  place. 
Slingsby. 

Awdborough,  or 
Holy  Trinity, 
King's  Court, 
York. 

Yedingham  or 
Norton. 

Either  place. 


HoUym  or  Aid- 
borough. 
Hatfield. 

Long  Preston. 


Kirkella. 

Either  place. 

Either  place. 

Spofibrth,        or 

Leeds. 
Elither  placa 


Tanfield. 

Giggleswick. 

Keyingham,      or 
Ferriby, 

North  Cave. 

Either  place. 

Holy        Trinity. 

Goodramgate, 

York. 
Skeckling. 

Calverley. 

Either  place. 

Welwick. 

Pontefract. 

Rufforth. 


•  Took  place  at  Norton,  16  October,  1508. 


»  Took  place  28  October,  1598. 


46 


PAYERS  MARRIAGE  LICENSES. 


Date. 


1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 

1598 

1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 
1598 

1598 
1598 


ame  and  description. 

Gall,  WiUiam,  of  Paull 

Manners,  Richard,  Wid'. 

ShiUito,  Robert 

Sutcliffe,  Samuel   

Thompson,  William,  of  Cra- 

thorne 
Walker,  John,  of  Barton-le- 

Street 
Eirke,  Ralph,  of  Carlton  in 

Lindrick 
Stables,  John,  of  Armthorpe 

Foxcroft,  Isaac,  of  Newgrange, 

Gent. 
Helmsley,    James,     of    East 

Runckton    (Ro- 

unton) 
Egglesfield,  Bryan,  of  Hoving- 

ham 

Lacy,  John,  of  Scarbro'    

Cuthbert^William,of  Brigham, 
Par.  Foston 


Briggs,  John,  of  Newton 
Kyme 

Dobson,  Stephen,  of  Roth- 
well 

Geldart,  Peter,  of  Wigton, 
Par.  Harewood 

^^Atherton,  Andrew,  of  Gill- 
ing,  Gent. 

Curry,  Lancelot,  of  Thorpe- 
field,  Par.  Thirsk 

Atkinson,  William    

Frank,  Thomas  

Procteir,  Johti,  son  of  Anthony 
P.,  Rector  of 
Linton 

Greave,  John 

Mason,  William,  of  Barmston, 
Wid'. 


Johnson,  Thomas,  of  Bedale 


Appleby,  Michael,  (?  Nicholas) 
(sic) 
1598  Tiplady,John 


Name  and  description. 


Forsett,  Isabel,  of  Preston 

Bradley,  alias  Clark,  Cicely, 

of  Oswaldkirk 

Peck,  Jennet,  of  Dio.  York 

Holdsworih,  Susan,  dau^  of 
John  H. 

Mason,  Grace,  of  Kirkle- 
Tington 

Battle,  Jane,  of  York 

Ingall,  Elizabeth,  of  Norton 


-,  of  Don- 


Beningley, 

caster,  Wid. 
Sandys,  Alice,  of  Wystowe 

Muston  ?  {sic),  Elizabeth,  of 
Kirkleving- 
ton,  Wid. 

Williamson,    Jane,   of    St. 
Maurice's, 
York,  Wid. 

Peacock,  Eleanor,  dau'.  of 
WUliam  P.  of 
Speeton 

Preston,  Isabel,  of  Hull 
Bridge,  Par.  of 
St.  John's,  Be- 
verley 

Langton,  Alice,  of  Wetherby 

Hoyle,  Alice,  of  Wakefield, 

Wid. 
Bisbie,  Jane,  of  Batley 

Webster,  Joan,  of  Foston, 

Wid. 
Richardson,    Elizabeth,    of 

Top[cliffe], 

Wid. 
Dale,  Phillida,  of  Thirske... 

Proude,  Margaret,  of  Ter- 

rington 
Procter,  Agnes,  of  Clapham 


Pearson,  Barbara,  of  Cleck- 

heaton 
Lambert,     or     Lumbarte, 

Agnes,    dau'. 

of  Peter  L.  of 

Fraysthorpe 
Tennant,  Jane,  of  Hornby 

Smith,  Elizabeth,  of    Dio. 

York 
Postgate,  Elizabeth  


Where  to  be 
Harried. 


Either  place. 

Oswaldkirk. 

Medley[Methley]. 

Heptonstall,      or 

Luddenden. 
Either  place. 

Borton-le-Street. 

Norton,  or  Cuck- 
ney  [Co.  Notts]. 
Armthorpe. 

Brayton. 

Either  place. 


St.        Maurice's, 
York. 

Speeton. 


St    John's,    Be- 
verley. 


Wetherby,        or 

Spofforth. 
Either  place. 

Harewood. 

Foston,  N.  R. 

Thirsk. 

Thirske. 

Terrington. 

Linton. 


Birstall,  or  Clock- 

heaton. 
Fraysthorpe. 


Bedale. 

St.      Cuthbert's, 

York. 
Danby  Forest. 


^  Took  place  30  November,  1698. 


PAYER  S  MABIIIAGE   LICENSES. 


47 


Date. 


598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 

598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 
598 

598 
598 

598 
598 
598 

• 

598 
598 
598 
598 


Name  and  description. 


Jowaey,  Kobert 

Thorpe,  George   

Grange,  George,  of  Sharow 

Jenkinsoo,  Thomis,  of  Lover- 
sail 

Bell,  Thomas,  of  Moor  Monk- 
tou 

Hargraves,  Christopher,  of 
Kildwick 

Henlock,  William,  of  Bolton 
Percy 

Allenson,  William,  of  Muston, 

Par.  Hunmanby 

Ambler,  William   

Goodrick,  Richard,  of  Rocli£f 

(near  York) 
Griggs,  Michael 

Penrose,  William  

Scaley,  Henry,  of  Keighley  ... 

Legard,  John,  Gent 

Wilkinson,  John,  of  Stanley, 
Par.  Wakefield 
"Ashley,  William,  Gent 

Eyre,  Thomas,  of  Ellerker   ... 

Laycock,  Peter,  of  Denton  ... 

Constable,  Marmaduke,  jun**., 
Geut.,  of  Cliffe, 
Par.  Sancton  - 

Casson,  William,  of  Uarthill, 
Gent. 

Ellis,  Thomas    


Atkin,     Thomas,    of     Awne 

[Alne] 
Bilton,  John,  Wid'.  

Cundall,  William,  of  Huby  ... 

Ingram,  Robert 

Burton,  Thomas    

Watson,  William  

Turner,  William    


Name  and  description. 


Fletcher,  Elizabeth,  of  Gis- 

bro' 
Wharome,  Ellen,  of  Owston 

Hewick,  Barbara,  of  Newbie, 
Par.  Ripon 

Elwes,  Elizabeth,  of  Wad- 
worth 

Green,  Margaret,  of  Stren- 
sail 

Parker,  Ellen,  of  Colne 

Moyser,  Grace,  dau^  of 
James  M.  of 
Bolton  Percy 

Smith,  Frances,  of  Folkton 

Williamson,  Mary,  of  Leeds 
Appleby,  Ann,  of  Skelton.. . 
Brayshaw,  Jennet,  of  Leeds 

Lonsdale,Mai^aret,  of  Whel- 
drake,  Wid. 

Drake,  Mercy,  dau'.of  Maud 
D.,  of  Bingley 

Mallory,  Elizabeth,  of  Ripon 

Halliwell,  Margaret,  of  Bol- 
ton-in-Moors 

Crosland,  Elizabeth,  of 
Helm8ley,Wid. 

Overton,  Ann,  of  K'stern- 
wick,  Wid. 

Thackray,  Margaret,  of  Bail- 
don 

Brigham,  Margaret,  of  Wy- 
ton,  Wid. 

Lacy,  Bridget,  of  Thornhill, 
Gent. 

Roth  well,  Isabel,  of  Hard- 
wick,        Par. 
Pontefract, 
Wid. 

Merryman,  Dorothy,  of 
Easiugwold 

Wallis,  Elizabeth,  of  Lock- 
ington 

Thwaytes,  Ellen,  of  Mars- 
ton,  Gent. 

KeUey,  Eleanor,  of  Ottering- 
ham 

Croft,  Catherine 

Lasyn,  Philippa,  of  Holme  on 

8paldingmore 

Atkinson,  Isabel,    of  Odey 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Danby,    or    Gis- 

borough. 
Owston. 

Ripon. 

Wadworth. 

Moor  Monkton. 

Either  place. 

Bolton  Percy. 

Folkton. 

Leeds. 

Skelton. 

Leeds. 

Wheldrake. 

Either  place. 

Ripon. 

Bolton -in -Moors 

(Co.  Lane). 
Helmsley. 

Either  place. 

Otley,  or  Baildon. 

Sancton,  or  Wy- 
ton. 

ThornhiU. 

Pontefract. 

Easingwold. 

Lockington. 

Sutton  Forest,  or 

Marston. 
OtteringhanL 

St.  Crux,  York. 

Holme  on  Spald- 

ingmore. 
Otley. 


"  Tuuk  place  2  February,  1 598-9,  he  being  described  jis  of  Mnltby  in  Cleveland,  ahe  was  buried 
at  Helmsley  4  December,  IGOff,  boin^^  daughter  of  Geurgo  Clipham  ol  lieomsley,  by  Kuthorine 
IhwaitM  (see  Foater's  Visit.  Ebor.  15S4,  p.  50D). 


48 


PAVERS   MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


Date. 


1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 


1598 

1598 

1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 

1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 
1598 


Name  and  description. 

^^Langdale,  Ralph,  son  of  Guy 
L.,  of  SnaintoQ 

Waud,  William,  of  Drax 

Hall,  Stephen 

Burdett,  Daniel,  of  Darton  ... 


Name  and  description. 


Brooke,  Humphrey,  of  Gate- 
forth,  Gent.    ... 

^^Thomlinson,  Robert,  of 
Askham  Richard 

Jefferaon^  William,  of  Huds- 
well.  Par.  Cat- 
terick 

Foster,  John,  of  Ratbmell,Par. 
of  Giggleswick 

Austwick,  Nicholas,  of  Batley 

Hurley,  Robert,  of  Rotherham 

Dickenson,  Bartholomew 

Hardy,     Stephen,     of    Cow- 

thorpe 
Swale,  John    


Windle,  Richard 


Webster,  John,  of  Batley 

Cundall,  Robert 

Carr,  Hugh,  of  Ecclesfield   ... 
Bates,  Samuel    

Robertshaw,  Samuel,  son  of 
Edward  R.,  of 
'J'homton,  Par. 
Bradford 

Rydall,  William,  of  Bossall ... 

Williamson,  Richaid,  of  Selby 

Hopton,  William,  of  Hunslet 

Coldock,  Robert,  Minister  of 

Barnoldswick 
"Ellis,  George,  of  Grays  Inn, 

Esq. 


Jarome,  Catherine,  dau'.  of 

Thomas  J.  of 

Old  Malton 
Atkinson,      Catherine,      of 

Willitoft.Wid. 
Longbotham,      Grace,      of 

Otley 
Hall,     Dorothy,    dau**.    of 

Thomas      H. 

Gent    of   St. 

Kllenwell 

Par.   Royston 
Afike,    Frances,     dau'.    of 

Robert        A. 

Esq.,  dec'*. 
Gell.  Mabel,  Wid 


Pepper,    Ann,  of    Byerley, 

Par.  Bradford, 

Wid. 
Toung,    Ann,  of  Bumsall, 

Wid. 
Saltonstall,  Susan,  of  West 

Ardsley. 
Binney,        Elizabeth,       of 

Whiston 
Foules,  Alice,  Colne 

Gierke,  Meriol,  of  Kirby 
Hill 

Foster,  Ellen,  dau'.  of  Leon- 
ard F.  of  Tad- 
caster. 

Chambers,  Jane,  of  Earby, 
Par.  Thornton 
in  Craven 

Womersley,  Ann,  of  Leeds 

Todd,  Elizabeth,  of  Easing- 
wold 

Swayne,  Elizabeth,  of  Brad- 
field 

Batchelor,  Susan,  of  Elland 


Wliere  to  be 
Married. 


Old  Malton. 


St.      Samp8on*s, 

York. 
Otley. 

Darton. 


Gaunt,  Ann,  of  Biratall. 


Carpenell,  Agnes,  of  Bossall 

Wilson,  Rosamund,  of  Leeds 

Holdsworth,  Ann,of  Birstall 

Harrison,  Isabel,  of  Brace- 
well 
Gilmyn,  Christiana    


Bolton  Percy. 


St.  Mary's,  Bish- 
ophill,  Sen', 
York. 

Bradford. 


Bumsall. 
Either  place. 
Either  place. 
Colne,  CO.  Lane. 
Cowthorpe. 
Tadoaster. 

Thornton  in  Cra- 
yon. 

Leeds. 

Easingwold. 

Bradfield. 

Halifax  or  Elland. 

Bradford. 


Bossall. 

Leeds. 

Leeds  or  Birstall. 

Either  place. 

St.  Helen,  Stone- 
gate.  York. 


^  Marv,  daughter  of  Stephen  Jerome,  preacher,  was  buried  17  October,  1615,  at  Old  Multon. 
1*  At  tnis  church,  David,  soa  of  Robert  Thumliusou  of  Drlnghouses,  was  baptized  30  November 
1599,  and  h  a  brother  Jumea  24  July,  1003.  ^*  Took  phico  9  April,  1599. 


PAYEH  S  MABRIAGE   LICENSES. 


49 


Date. 


159S 
1599 


Name  and  deseription. 


'^Lowther,  Gerard,  Esq. 


'  Taylor,  Richard,  of  Hunslet, 
Wid'. 
1599  I'Jopson,  Thomas,  Gent. 


1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 


1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 


i*Fairfax,  Sir    Thomas,  sen', 

Knt. 
Dods  worth,      Silvester,       of 

Baldershy,    Par. 

Topcliflfe,   Gent. 
Sawghell,    Thomas,  of    Holy 

Trinity,     Good- 

ramgate,  York 
Johnson,  Thomas,  of  Newton 


Morley,  John,  of  Maltby,  Gent. 

Harrison,  Andrew  ?  

"Dalton,    William,     of    Lin- 
coln's Inn 
Armitstead,  Thomas 

Foster,  William,  of  Nunkeling 

Bowman,  William 

Chappell,  Richard,  of  Al wood- 
ley.  Par.  Har- 
wood 

Wright,  Edward,  of  Silsden... 

Baase,  James 

Smith,  Richard 


Silliman,  Bryan,  of  Leeds   ... 

^^Favell,   James,     of     Hasel- 
wood.  Par.  Tad- 
caster 
Peirs,  Isaac,  of  Ripley    


Name  and  description. 


Welbury,  Ann,    Gent.  Wid. 

Pate,  Jane,  dau'.  of  John  P. 
of  Wakeaeld 
Witham,  Mary,  of  Ledsham 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Wyville,  ?  {sic),  Mary 


Dods worth,  Ann,  of  Fing- 
all,  Wid. 

Simpson,  Dorothy,  of  Holy 
Trinity,  Good- 
ramgate,Tork 

Jordan,  Dorothy,  dau'.  of 
William  J., 
female  do- 
mestic toVicar 
of  Rudston 

Gower,  Isabel,  of  Burgbe, 
?  (sic) 

Gettens,  ?  {sic)  Elizabeth,  of 
Scalby,   Wid. 

Agar,  Theophania,  of  Hun- 
tington 

Came,  Alice,  of  Slaidbum... 

Elshbum,  Isabel,  of  Hom- 
sey 

Darling,  Cicely,  of  Thume, 
Par.   Hatfield 

Maude.  Elizabeth,  of  Addle, 
dau'.  of  James 
M.  of  Pudsey, 
Par.  Calverley 

Saville,  Frances,  of  Silsden 

Lambe,  Agnes,   of  Catwick 

Fairweather,  Elizabeth,  of 
Brompton, 
Par.   Northal- 
lerton 

Dugdale,  Elizabeth,  of  Cli- 
tberoe 

Wade,  Isabel,  of  Wilber- 
foss 

Knowles,  Ann,  of  Ripon  ... 


Leeds. 
Ledsham. 
Otley. 
Topcliffe, 


Holy  Trinity, 
Goodramgate, 
York. 

Rudston. 


South  Cowton. 

Scalby. 

Hunting^n      or 

Haxby. 
Slaidbum. 

Either  place. 

Hatfield. 

Addle. 


Kildwick. 

Catwick. 

Brompton. 

Either  place. 
WilberfoBS. 


Ripon  or  Pately- 
bridge. 


^  Foster's  Yiaitation,  p.  523,  and  Mr.  Surtees,  Durham,  i.,  p.  43,  inform  us  that  she  was  reptUed 
dauffhter  of  Sir  Ralph  Bulmer  of  Wilton,  Knighc,  and  widow  of  Anthony  Welbury,  of  Castle  Eden, 
CO.  PaL  Durham,  who  died  5  November,  1590.  Her  daughter  EliKabeth  married  Lancelot  Lowther ; 
her  daughter  Eleanor  married  WiUiam  Lowther ;  and  another  of  her  daughters,  Isabel  or  Barbara, 
married  Hugh  Lowther,  all  three  younger  brothers  to  Oerard. 

^  Read  "  Jobson,"  and  see  Hunters  South  Yorkshire,  ii.,  p.  899. 

17  Thia  entry  is  beyond  me.  From  my  hasty  inspection  of  the  Parish  Register  of  Otley,  I  believe 
thia  marriage  did  not  take  place. 

**  Theophania,  daughter  of  John  Booth  of  Killingholme,  co.  Lincoln,  married,  by  license  dated 
1593,  Thomas  Agar  of  Stockton,  by  whom  she  had  a  son,  Andrew  Agjir,  LL.B.,  who  died  5  Novem- 
l)er,  1637.  She  made  her  will  17  February,  1605-6,  and  was  buried  next  day  at  Holy  Trinity, 
Goodramgate,  York,  where  her  monument  was  existing  at  the  date  of  publiciition  of  Drake's 
"Eboracum."  Her  second  husband,  Sir  William  Dalton  of  HawkswoU,  was  knighted  118  April, 
1629,  and  was  buried  in  York  Minster  26  January,  1649-50. 

»  Dttgdale's  Visitation,  1665,  Surtees  Society,  p.  348,  calls  hor  Warde. 

VOL.  Z.  % 


50 


PAYEB  S  MARBIAGE   LIC£N8£S. 


Date. 


1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 


Name  and  deeeription. 


Sayer,  Robert,  Vicar  of  Bromp- 

ton  in  Pickering 

Lithe 
Staveley,  William,  of  Ripon 

Park,  Par. 

Ripon,  Gent. 
El  wood,  Thomas,  Gent 


Dobson,  John,  of  New  Malton, 
Draper 


Robinson,  Christopher 


Name  and  description. 


^Grimston,  Marmaduke,  Esq., 
High  Sheriff  of 
Yorkshire 

« Pratt,  William,  Vicar  of 
Gisbum 

Carr,  John  

Howell,  Roger    

Cundall,  George 

Wilson,  Michael,  of  Roundhay 


Wajte,  William,  of  Poole 
Par.  Otley 

^Askwith,  George,  son  of 
Robert  A., late  of 
York,  Alderman 

^Nalton,  Francis,  Rector  of 
Walkington 

Goldthorpe,  Richard,  Gent., 
of  Danby  Forest 


Foxton,  *  Thomas,  of  Cowsby 

Troutbeck,  Joseph 

Medley,  Robert,  Wid' 

^Meynell,  Edward,  of    Nor- 

manby,  Gknt. 
Kaye,  Richard    

Cooke,  Robert,  son  of  Thomas 
C,  of  Pontef  ract 
Lowson,    Richard,    of    Holy 
Trinity,  Hull 


Harton,   Frances,  dau'.   of 

Richard  H.  of 

Ruston,  dec**. 
Rokeby,  Jane,  of  Grimscarr, 

Par.  Scruton, 

Gent. 
Richardson,  Frances,  dau'. 

of  Charles  R. 

Wighill 
Simpson,  Dorothy,  dau'.  of 

Mai^garet     S. 

Wid.,  of  Ry- 

ton 
Bolton,  Agues,  of  Ilkley  ... 

Hungate,  Elizabeth,  dau^  of 
William  H.  of 
Saxton,    Esq. 

Lister,  Alice,  of  Gisbum, 
Wid. 

EUet,  Margaret,  of  Slaid- 
bum 

Hawksworth,  Elizabeth,  of 
Worsbro'  dale 

Barker,  Margaret,  of  Gilling 

Thomlinson,    Margaret,    of 
Roundhay, 
Wid. 

Slingsby,   Mary,    dau^    of 

Francis  S.  of 

Knaresborough 

Belt,  Sarah,  dau'.  of  T«eon- 
ard,  H.  late  of 
York,  Gent. 

Constable,  Ann,  of  Thwinge, 
Wid. 

Hai^gill,  Lucy,  dau'.  of  Wil- 
liam H.  Gent, 
of  Danby  Fo- 
rest 

Smith,  Jane,  of  Slingsby  ... 

Ostler,  Isabel,  of  Bu'llngton, 

Wid. 
Burgon,    Jane,    of  Rother- 

ham 
Bowes,  Elizabeth,  of  Osmo- 

therley       i   : 
SutclilTe,  Sarah,  of  Hepton- 

stall 
Sheppardj  Jane,  of  Water 

Fryston 
Simpson,  Grace,    of   Holy 
Trinity,  Hull 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Brompton  in  Pic- 
kering Lithe. 

Scruton  or  Ripon. 
Wighill  or  BUton. 


Kirkby    Misper- 
ton. 


Ilkley. 
Saxton. 

Gisbum. 

Slaidbum. 

Worsbro*  or  Dar- 

field. 
Gilling. 

Barwick    in     El- 
met. 

Otley  or  Eiiares 
borough. 

St  Crux,  York. 

Thwinge. 
Danby  Forest. 


Slingsby. 

Rotherham. 
Oamotherley. 
Heptonstall. 
Pontefract. 


Holy        Trinity, 
Hull. 


*>  This  waR  his  second  wife.    His  brother,  who  was  also  caUed  Marmaduke,  married  Anne, 
augbter  of  Sir  William  Dalton,  by  Theophane  liooth  ;  and  her 
married  Leonard  Beckwith,  of  Handale  Abbey,  »t.  47,  anno  1666. 


daughter  of  Sir  William  Dalton,  by  Theophane  liooth  ;  and  her  daughter  Theophane  Grimston, 
larried  Leonard  Beckwith,  of  Handale  Abbey,  »t.  47,  anno  1666. 
*^  This  appears  to  be  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Rich  ird  Hoghtou,  widow  of  Thomas  Lister,  who  died 


31  March,  1690.  »  Took  place  6  June,  159J».    H«  was  baptized  in  that  church  31  March,  1675. 

**  One  Francis  Nalton  of  Westowr  appears  in  the  Visitation  of  1612  (Foster,  p.  666)  as  husband  of 
Ann,  daughter  of  George  Mainprise. 

«*  Koftd  "  £dmund  "  MoyneU.    She  was  his  second  wife,  and  daughter  of  William  Bowes. 


CISTERCIAN    STATUTES. 

By  the  Rev.  J.  T.  FOWLER,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

[CONTINUED  mOM  P.  361,   VOL.   IZ.] 

Alexander  iiif"  (1255). 

Non  tenemur  ad  prasstationem  aliquarum  collectarum  subsidiorum,  et 
aliarum  exactLonum  imponendarum  nobis  ^^  et  domibus  nostris  a  Sede 
Apostolica  seu  legatis  ejusdem,  aut  ipsorum  auctoritate,  et  mandato  per 
litteras  Sedis  ipsius  seu  Legatorum  ejus,  quss  plenam  et  expressam  de 
indulgentia  hujusmodi  et  Ordiae  nostro  non  fecerint  mentionem,  etiamsi 
contineatur  in  eisdem  litteris,  quod  id  quod  mandatur  fiat,  aliqua 
indulgentia  non  obstante.  Seutentias  vero  excommunicationis,  suspen- 
sionis  vel  interdicti,  si  quas  in  nos  communiter,  vel  in  aliquos  nostrum 
occasione  prsedictorum  ab  aliquo  contigerit  promulgari,  decernuntur 
auctorita  Apostolica  non  tenere. 

A lexander  iiij^  (1261). 

Bevocatio  privilegiorum  et  aliorum  benefactorum  quam  facit  dominus 
Papa  Alexander  iiij***,  nullum  prsBJudicium  generat  liber tatibus  et  immu- 
nitatibus  nobis  ab  Apostolica  Sede  concessis. 

Isdem  dominus  Papa  Alexander  confirmat  nobis  privilegium  Lueii 
Papae  (Honorii  III.,  1224)  in  quo  continetur,  quod  non  tenemur  solvere 
decimas  de  aliquibus  terris  quas  propriis  manibus  aut  sumptibus 
excolimus,  tam  de  novalibus^  quam  de  terris  antiquitus  cultis,  nee  de 
nutrimentis  animalium  nostrorum.  Et  si  quis  a  nobis  per  litteras 
domini  PapsB  decimas  exigere,  vel  aliud  quid  contra  privilegia  vel  indul- 
gentias  nostras  extorquere  temptaverit,  ei  minime  respondere  tenemur. 
Et  si  aliqusB  compositiones  inter  nos  et  aliquos  factse  fuerint ;  ratse 
perpetuis  temporibus  et  inconcussse  permaneant,  si  tamen  eas  de  con- 
scientia  Abbatis  et  fratrum  constiterit  processisse.  Et  quicunque  in 
personas  Ordinis  manus  injecerint  violentas,  cum  candelis  accensis 
excommunicari  mandantur,  et  tanquam  excommunicati  ab  omnibus 
evitan,  quousque  nobis  satisfecerint  competenter,  et  cum  litteris 
Djocesani  veritatem  rei  contiuentibus  ad  Sedem  Apostolicam  trans- 
mittantur. 

Confii^matio  omnium, 

Isdem  dominus  Papa  confirmat  nobis  privilegia,  indulgentias,  et 
gratias,  nobis  et  Ordini  nostro  sub  diversis  temporibus  a  Summis  Ponti- 
iicibus,   tam  generaliter  omnibus   quam  etiam  specialiter  quibusdam 

^  Printed  by  mistake  thus  far,  voL  ix.,  means  land  put  under  cultivation  for  tbe 

p.  361.  first  time,  as  in  Jer.  iv.  3;  Hos.  x.  12, 

^  *NoTalia'  often  denotes  lands  lying  Yulg. 
fallow  for  a  year,   but  here  obviously 

E  2 


5-e  CISTERCIAN    STATUTES. 

conceasas  ;  non  obstantibus  quibuslibet  constitutionibus,  provision i bus, 
diffinitionibus  et  ordinationibus,  ab  ipso  factis  vel  promulgatis  ad  iu- 
stantiam  prselatorum  Ecclesisa  Gallicanse,  et  quorumlibet  aliorum,  ct 
quibuscunque  litteris  super  hoc  per  eos  vel  per  quoscunque  alios  ab 
Apostolica  Sede  obtentis,  decemeus  omnes  sententias  excommunicationis, 
iuterdicti,  ac  suspensionis,  si  quas  in  uos  vel  nostrum  aliquos,  aut 
monasteria  seu  quselibet  loca  nostra  per  prsedictos  prselatos  aut  quos- 
cunque alios  prsetextu  prsedictorum  promulgari  contigerit,  irritas  et 
inanes. 

Quomodo  nti  dehent  ahbates  indulgentia  dbi  facta  a  Summo  Pontifice 
Alexandra  iiij°,  ut  subditos  suos  ab  excommunicatione  absolvere  valeant 
et  cum  eisdem  si  noiam  irregularitatis  incurrerirU  dispensare. 

Cum  sanctissimus  pater  Summus  Pontifex  Alexander  iiij^  prsedeces- 
Borum  suorum  benoficia  Ordini  nostro  coucessa  compliare  intendens, 
de  multa  benignitate  singulis  Abbatibus  duxerit  iudulgendum,  ut  sub- 
ditos  suos  in  casibus  in  quibus  excommunicationis  sententiam  et  uotaox 
irregularitatis  incurrerint,  absolvere  et  dispensare  valeant  cum  eisdem, 
nisi  adeo  gravis  et  enormis  fuerit  excessus,  quod  merito  sint  ad  Sedem 
Apostolicam  destinandi.  Placet  et  concedit  Capitulum  Generale,  ut 
beneficio  et  gratia  supradicta  sibi  concessa,  prsecedente  discretione  et 
maturo  consilio  utantur.  Sed  quia  difficile  est  ad  plenum  scire  casus  seu 
excessas  pro  quibus  sit  ad  Sedem  Apostolicam,  vel  etiam  ad  Generale 
Capitulum  recurrendum,  districte  prsecipitur  eisdem  Abbatibus,  ut  casus 
in  quibus  absolverint  vel  dispensaverint,  et  causas  suss  absolutionis  et 
dispensationis,  dispensatoribus  Ordinis,  si  tamen  dicti  casus  dubitabiles 
fuerint,  in  sequenti  Generali  Capitulo  studeant  fideliter  intimare,  ut  pe.r 
ipsum  Capitulum,  si  forte  in  aliquo  erratum  fuerit,  ad  correctionis  et 
rectitudinis  lineam  reducatur.  Hoc  districtissime  et  diligenter  proviso, 
ne  contra  sententias  Patrum  Abbatum  vel  Capituli  Generalis,  dicti 
Abbates  absolvere  vel  dispensare  aliquomodo  prsesumant,  vel  pro  hujus- 
modi  ad  suos  Dyoecesanos  aliquatenus  habere  reciu-sum. 

Explicit  de  pHvilegiis, 


InCIPIUNT  CAPITULA  QUARTiE   DIST1NCTI0NI3. 

1.  De  poena  impetrantium  contra  Ordinis  Instituta. 

2.  De  querelis  intra  Ordinem  terminandis,  et  excommunicatione  coutiimactter  con- 

travenlentum. 

3.  De  excommunicatione  et  poena  appellatonim. 

4.  De  casibus  in  quibus  non  dispensatur  vel  abdolvitur  per  Abbates. 

5.  De  Absolutione  hospitum. 

6.  De  cohercione  Abbatum  quibus  causso  committuntur. 

7.  De  cavendis  cavillationibus  in  causis  uostris. 

8.  De  impetratione  Iittt>rarum  contra  personas  Ordinis. 

9.  De  junsdictione  judicum  a  Capitulo  deligatorum,  quando  expirat. 
10.  De  processu  duorum  judicum  sine  tercio. 

Incipit  quarta  distinction  quce  agit  de  poena  impetrantium  contra 

Ordinis  Instituta. 

I. — De  poena  impetrantium  contra  Ordinis  instituta. 

Si  quis  Privilegia,  Indulgentias,  vel  Litteras  quascunque  contra  com* 
munia  Ordinis  instituta  impetrare  prsesunipserit,  vel  quocuuque  modo 


CISTERCIAN  STATUTES.  53 

obtcnta  retlnero  vel  eis  uti,  excommunicationis  seDtentiam  ab  Ordine 
latam  ipso  facto  se  noverit  incurrisse,  et  nichilominus  perpetuo  career! 
niancipetur.  Abbas  vero  super  pra^missis  convictus  vel  confessus,  ipso 
facto  se  depositiirum  et  excommunicatum  noverit,  et  taliter  depositus 
careen  maacipetur  usque  ad  nutum  Capituli  Generalis.  Qui  vero  pro- 
curaverit  mulieres  ingredi  abbatias  nostras;  tribus  diebus  sit  in  levi 
culpa,^  uno  eorum  in  pane  et  aqua. 

II. — De  querelis  intra    Ordinem  terminandis,  et   excommumcatione  con- 

tumaciter  contravenientum, 

Quando  scandalum  sive  dissentiones  vel  quselibet  querelse  in  Ordine 
oriuntur,  extra  Ordinem  nunquam  exeant,  sed  intra  Ordinem  et  per 
personas  et  auctoritate  Ordinis,  ad  Ordinis  unitatem  caritative  et  discrete 
Bopiantur.  Qui  contra  hoc  venire  vel  ad  aliam  audientiam  appellare, 
vel  alium  judicem  quocunque  modo  adire,  sen  judicium  Capituli  Generalis 
recusare,  et  sic  vel  quocuuque  modo  facere  scisma  in  Ordine  contumaciter 
excitare  sen  procurare  preesumpserit,  vel  facientibus  consenserit,  a  Deo 
et  ab  Ordine  anathema  sit.  Et  si  abbas  fuerit,  deponatnr.  Si  monachus 
vel  conversus,  sine  spe  reversionis  a  domo  propria  emittatur.  Ea  vero 
qasD  congrue  terminari  non  poterunt,  in  Generali  Capitulo  proponantur, 
et  quod  inde  fuerit  per  capitulum  ordinatum,  irrefragabiliter  teneatur.^' 

III. — De  Excommnnicatione  et  poena  appellantium. 

Null!  omnino  de  Ordine  nostro  ad  Capituli  audientiam  nee  alias 
audeant  appellare,  quia  hoc  redundare  posset  in  subversionem  totius 
Ordinis  et  ruinam.  Excommunicamus  autem  et  anathematizamus 
omnem  tam  personam  quam  Conventum  quae  vel  qui  in  Ordine  nostro 
contra  Ordinis  Instituta  seu  contra  obedientiam  appellabit  ;  ita  quod 
quisquis  in  Ordine  taliter  appellaverit,  sciat  se  statim  in  sententiam 
excommunicationis  incidisse.  Hoc  addito,  quod  quicunquo  contra  dictam 
Constitutionem  vocem  emiserit  appellationis,  si  sit  Abbas,  sciat  se 
depositum.  Si  Monachus  vel  Conversus,  pcenam  conspiratorum  sustineat. 
Actum  Anno  Domini  m®.  cc®.  xxiij,  in  Generali  Capitulo,  universis  et 
singulis  Abbatibus  huic  institutioni  assensum  pnestantibus,  in  eodem 
Capitulo  constitutis. 

Ill  I. — De  casibus  in  quihus  non  dispensatur  vel  ahsolvitur  per  Abbates. 

Abbates  *  in  his  casibus  nullatenus  dispensant  vel  absolvant,  videlicet 
de  Symouia,  Homicidio,  Bigamia,  de  Falsitate  litterarum  domini  Papoe, 
de  Injectioue  manuum  violeuta  in  Episcopum,  vel  Abbatem,  vel  Clericum 
Bsecularem,  de  mutilatione  membrorum,  et  enormi  sanguinis  efFusione. 
In  his  casibus,  recuirendum  est  ad  consilium  Capituli  Generalis. 

V. — De  AbsoltUione  hospitum, 

Indulgetur  Abbatibus  ut  absolvant  hospites  ad  se  missos  tempore 
hospitalitatis  sicut  proprios,  in  illis  duntaxat  casibus  in  quibus  Ordini 

«  See  Dist.  VI.,  cap.  7.  "  Ita  Cap.  Qcd.  ann.  1220. 

^  Somewhat  shorter  in  1256. 


54 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


absolvere  est  coucessum.  Ita  tamen  quod  quam  citius  proprii  Abbatis 
copiam  habere  poterunt,  culpam  suam  confiteantur  eidem,*^  Hoc  idem 
couceditur  Abbati  Clarevallensi  de  monachis  Parisius'*  studentibus^ 
cum  domus  ilia  sit  membrum  proprium  ClarevalF,  propriorura  patrum 
abbatum  iu  omnibus  jure  salvo.  Et  mouachus  qui  pro  tempore  ibidem 
prajfuerit,  non  prior  sed  provisor  vocetur.  Cui  couceditur  ut  in  omnibus 
abbatis  ordiuis  ad  quas  venerit,  stet  in  choro  Abbatis  inmediate  post 
Abbates,  uisi  fuerit  ibi  aliquis  qui  prius  abbatizaverit,  cui  concessum 
fuerit  ubique  post  Abbatem  est.  De  noviciis  vero  recipiendis  apud 
Sanctum  Bernardum  Parisius,^'  fiat  sicut  in  privilegio  domini  Papee 
continetur.  Pro  reverentia  etiam  domini  Papse  et  Cardinalium  qui  pro 
negotio  praedicti  scripserunt  studii,  et  prsBcipue  domini  Johannis  T.  T. 
Sancti  Lauren tii  in  Lucina  Presbiteri  Cardiualis,  concedit  et  ordinat 
Capitulum  Generale  ut  dictum  studium  per  sollicitudinem  Abliatis 
Clarevallensis  Parisius  jam  inceptum  inviolabiliter  perseveret.  Et  illuc 
nullus  mittere  compellatur,  nisi  spontanea  voluntate.  Qui  autem 
miserint,  missis  provideant  de  expensis.^ 

VI. — Be  coJiertione  abbatum  quibus  causce  commit tuntur, 

Abbates  quibus  causae  Ordinis  committuntur,  auctoritate  Capituli 
Generalis  potestatem  cohercendi  tam  in  capite  quam  in  membris  habeant, 
prseter  depositionem  Abbatum ''  et  generale  ecclesisa  interdictum, 

VII. — De  cavendis  cavillacionibus  tn  causis  nostris. 

In  causis  Ordinis  odiosi  conflictus  et  subtiles  cavillationes  ssecularium 
causarum,  in  quantam  fieri  poterit  evitentur,  et  simplicitas  Ordinis 
observetur.  Nee  unquam  admittantur  advocati  sseculares'*  vel  alle- 
gationes  eorum  scriptaa  coram  judicibus  Ordinis  aSerantur,  uisi  judex 
hoc  requirat  ut  melius  instruatur  ;  sed  secundum  puritatem  conscientiae 
et  rationes  hinc  inde  propositas  procedatur.  Judices  autem  quibus  causce 
Ordinis  committuntur,  ut  infra  annum  terminentur  elaborent  Quod  si 
forte  non  fuerint  terminatae,  causam  sequenti  anno  dicti  judices  nuntient 
Capitulo  General  i. 


VIII. — De  impetratione  Litterarum  contra  personas  Ordinis, 

Quando  seeculares  vel  personse  alterius  religionis  Litteras  inipetrant  a 
Capitulo  Generali  contra  personas  Ordinis,  si  judices  ultra  duas  dietas 


^  The  statute  of  1256  ends  here. 

^  At  Paris.  The  word  is  here  indeclin- 
able. 

^^  1'be  college  of  that  name. 

^  We  learn  from  Matthew  Parb  that 
in  1249  the  Englishman,  Stephen  de 
Lexinton,  abbot  of  Clairvaux,  with  other 
Cistercian  abbots,  considering  that  the 
Order  was  held  in  contempt  both  by 
preaching  friars  and  by  learned  seculars 
for  its  lack  of  learning,  provided  noble 
halls  in  Paris  and  other  places  where 
there  were  flourishing  schools,  that  they 
might  study  Theology,  the  Decretals,  and 
Laws  (Matt.  Par.  Abbrev.  Chron.  AngL 


Bolls,  Ser.  iii  309,  and  Hist.  Angl.,  iii. 
67).  In  a  Privilegium  of  Benedict  XII., 
A.D.  1334,  there  is  a  great  deal  about 
these  schools.  St.  Bemard*8  College, 
Oxford,  now  St.  John's,  was  provided 
for  England.  Scotland,  Wales,  and  Ireland, 
but  students  went  from  all  parts  to  St. 
Bernard's  in  Paris  (Henriquez,  92-1  OH, 
where  for  "  Exon,"  read  •'  Oxon  ")  ; 
CoUins's  "  Spirit  and  Mission  of  the  Cis- 
tercian Order,"  p.  161. 

3^  In  1256  the  words  "  et  excommuni- 
cationem  personarum  "  oome  in  here. 

33  The  statute  ends  here  in  1256. 


CISTERCIAN    STATUTES,  55 

remoti  fuerint  ab  Abbatiis  contra  quas  impetrantur ;  Litterae  tales^  nisi 
de  hac  Institutione  fecerint  mentionem,  nuUam  habeant  firmitatem.  Vel 
81  88eculare9  standi  judicio  coram  ipsis  Judicibus  prsestare  noluerint 
cautionem,  ill!  contra  quos  impetrant  eis  respondere  nullatenus  compel- 
lantur.  £t  in  ipsis  Utteris  ponatur  '  usurls  cessantibus.'  £t  si  forte  non 
fuerit  appositum,  nichilominus  intelligatur. 

IX. — De  Jurisdictione  Judicum  a  Capitulo  deligatorum,  quando  expirat 

Quando  fit  commissio  Abbatibus  a  Capitulo  Generali,  donee  finiantur 
querelas,  non  expiret  jurisdictlo  eorum,  sed  ad  ipsos  de  querelis  eisdem 
recurratur,  donee  querelas  finem  debitum  sortiantur. 

X. — De  processu  duorum  Judicum  sine  tercio, 

Quando  aUqua  commissio  fit  tribus  Abbatibus,  et  si  omnes  uequiyerint 
interease,  duo  nichilominus  ipsam  exequantur ;  tercio  se  semper  legitime 
excusante,  et  quod  statuerint  faciant  firmiter  observari. 


InCIPIUNT    CAPITULi    QUINTS    DISTINCTI0NI8. 

1.  De  procuratione  veuientium  ad  Capitulum  Gknerale,  et  poena  transgressorum. 

2.  De  Abbatibus  HyberniaB,  Scotiso,  et  Syrisd,  quoto  anno  veniaut  ad  Capitulum 

Generale. 
8.  De  Abbatibus  Novergise,  quomodo  visitentur,  et  quoto  anno  veniani. 

4.  De  domibuB,  ne  graventur  ab  Abbatibus. 

5.  De  Abbatibus  qui  Abbatias  deyitant. 

6.  De  Equitaturis  venientium  ad  Capitulum  Generale. 
7*  De  pueris  euotibus  assidue  cum  personis  Ordinis. 

8.  De  ingressu  iu  Cisterclum. 

9.  De  die  ingrensus  in  Cist-ircium  tempore  CapituH  Qeneralis. 

10.  De  hospitibus  tempore  Capituli  ia  Cistercio  inventis. 

11.  De  poena  Abbatum  qui  remanent  a  Capitulo. 

12.  De  excusatione  Abb  itum  qui  venire  non  possunt  ad  Capitulum. 

13.  De  Abbatibus  infirmis,  ut  Cistercio  se  prsesentant. 

14.  Quomodo  incipiatur  Capitulum  Qenerale,  et  qualiter  se  debeant  habere  Abbatea 

in  eodem  Capitulo. 

15.  De  exitu  Monachorum,  et  Uteris  pro  sacoularibus. 
Iff.  De  Diffinitoribus. 

17.  De  uno  ex  quatuor  primis  Abbatibus  retinendo. 

18.  De  quatuor  priiuis,  si  quos  conyocaverint. 

19.  De  Abbatia  quae  visitata  non  fuerit. 

20.  De  Abbatibus,  ut  Diffinitiones  habeant  Capituli. 

21.  De  elemosinis  ad  Capitulum  misnis. 

22.  De  orationibus  pro  domino  Papa  et  aliis. 

23.  De  Abbatibus  quibus  aliquid  committttur,  et  litteris  quseatuosis. 

24.  Da  pisoibus  non  comedeudis  apud  Divionem. 

[25.  De  Abbatibus  yenientibus  ad  Capitulum  Generale.] 

Incipit  quinta  distinction  quoe  agit  de  Capitulo,  et  pertinentibus  ad  ipsum, 

I.  — De  procuratione  venientium  ad  Capitulum  Generale,  et  poena 

transgressorum. 

Tempore  quo  venitur  ad  Capitulum  Generale,  efc  reditur*  provideant 
Abbatea    et   officiales   domorum,  ut   in  Abb^tiui  et   gp^Qgti«  eorum, 


56 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


venientibus  et  rcdeuntibus  sufficicnter  et  honeste  neoessaria  mLnistrontur, 
et  in  omnibus  Cellariis  Ordinis  ubi  habentur  Yinesd,  vinum  confjjruura 
ministretur.  Nicbilominus  in  illis  Cellariis  in  quibus  solet  viuuiu 
ministrari,  extra  tempos  Capituli  omni  tempore  more  solito  ministretur. 
Abbas  in  cujus  domo  vel  grangia  negligenter  recepti  fuerint,  in  Capitulo 
proclametur  ad  arbitrium  Capituli  puniendus,  monachus  per  cujus 
ueglectum  res  evenerit ;  tribus  diebus  sit  in  levi  culpa,  uuo  eorum  iu 
pane  et  aqua.  Conversus  vero,  tribus  diebus  sit  in  pane  et  aqua,  et  in 
Capitulo  verberetur.  Hoc  idem  servetur  in  omnibus  personis  Ordinis  et 
pueris  ipsarum,  quae  et  qui  vadunt  vel  mittuntur  pro  negotiis  Ordinis 
Yel  domorum  suarum. 

II. — De  Ahhatihus  HibemuB,  Scocice,  et  Syrice,  quota  anno  veniant 

ad  Capitulum  Generale. 

Abbates  de  Hjbemia,  Scocia,  et  Sicilia,  tribus  annis  remaneant,  et 
quarto  anno  veniant  ad  Capitulum  Generale.  Abbates  vero  de  Syria  et 
de  Cipro  septimo  anno  veniant. 

III. — De  Abbatibus  JSfovergioe,  quomodo  visitentur,  et  qttoto  anno  veniant, 

De  abbatibus  qui  sunt  in  Novergia,"  GrsBcia,  Livonia,  et  Syria 
provideant  Patres  Abbates,  ut  ad  minus  tercio  anno  visitentur.  Abbates 
vero  quinto  anno  veniant  ad  Capitulum  Generale,  prseter  Abbates  Syrias 
qui,  ut  dictum  est,  septimo  anno  venient.  Abbates  vero  de  Hungaria 
duobus  annis  remaneant  de  Capitulo,  et  tercio  anno  veniant.  Abbas 
vero  de  Kijero  ^  quinto  anno  veniat 

I II I. — De  domibuSy  ne  graventur  ah  Abbatibus, 

Abbates  ad  Capitulum  venientes,  quando  plures  veniunt,  caveant  ne 
pro  vino  accipiendo  vel  rebus  aliis  immoderate  gravent  domos. 


V. — De  Abbatibus  qui  Abbacias  devitant, 

Abbatibus  qui  tempore  Capituli,  domos  in  quibus  cibaria  veuientibus 
ad  Capitulum  prseparantur  devitant,  et  inde  sibi  cibaria  deferri  faciunt, 
nil  std  portandum  ulterius  ministretur.  Sed  uec  panis,  vinum,  aut  caseus 
eis  detur,  si  ad  grangias  accedere  debuerint,  ubi  els  necessaria  pree- 
parantur. 

VI. — De  equUaturis  venientium  ad  Capitulum  Generale, 

Abbates  qui  sunt  in  provinciis  Lugdunensi,  Bisuntinensi,  Bituricensi, 
Remensi,  Treverensi,  Senonensi,  Viennensi,  Rothomagensi,  Turonensi, 


®  The  Bishop  of  Bergen,  visiting 
Fountains  in  1146,  took  out  with  him  a 
colony  of  monks  to  Lysa  in  Norway,  and 
they  seem  afterwards  to  have  sent  to 
England  a  Life  of  St.  Olaf,  bound  in  seal- 
skin (Walbran's  Memorials,  89).  Janau- 
Bchek  gives  this  and  two  other  abbeys  in 
Norway,  six  in  Qreece,  two  in  Livonia, 
and  six  in  Syria.  The  remote  abbeys 
mentioned  in  the  -statutes  of  .1289  are 


those  of  Hybemia,  Scotia,  Sicilia  (to  come 
in  the  4th  year),  Syria  and  Cyprus  (7th), 
Norvegia,  (irajcia,  Livonia,  and  Byerrooth 
(5th),  Hungaria  (3rd),  Galetia  and  Portu- 
gallia  (4th).  Legio  and  Castella  (3rd), 
Arragonia,  Navarra,  and  Catalonia  (2nd), 
Frisia  (3rd)  (Nomasticon,  511). 

**  Kerg  or  Querch,  in  Transylvania, 
near  Cibinium  (Hermeostadt).  Janau- 
Bchek,  208. 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


57 


Tharentasiensi,  Aquensi,  Ebredunensi,  Arelatensi  veiiieutes  ad  Capitulunx 
ad  qiiatuor  prinias  Domos  et  eas  quae  infra  suut  non  adducant  nisi  diias 
equitaturas  cum  diiobiis  servientibus  si  necesse  fuerit.  Alii  vero  nou 
adducant  nisi  tres  equos,  et  duos  si  necesse  fuerit  servieutes.  Excipitur 
iude  Abbas  Savigniaci,  qui  usque  in  Cistercium,  tres  equos  adducet.^' 
Nee  aliquis  abbas  ad  Capitulum  veniens  secum  monacbuoi  adducat,  nisi 
pro  magna  et  evidenti  necessitate.  Quod  si  fecerit,  nichilominus  veniam 
petat  iu  capitulo  general  i. 

VII. — De  pueris  euntibus  assidue  cum  personis  Ordinu, 

Pueri  ordinis  apud  Cistercium  et  ad  iiij*^""  primas  domos  vonientes, 
dimittant  omnia  arma  sua  ad  portam,  et  cultellos  acuminates,  et  Abbates 
diligenter  caveant,  ne  pueros  introducant  in  Cistercium  tempore  Capituli 
Generalis.  Transgressores  veniam  petant  in  Capitulo,  ad  ipsius  Capituli 
arbitrium  puniendi.  Et  eisdem  pueris  apud  Divionem  eodem  tempore  re- 
manentibus,  quinque  solidi  Divionensis  monetae  pro  expensis  tradantur, 
prseter  expensas  equorum.  Nee  ipsi  pueri  assidue  euntes  cum  personis 
Ordinis  habeant  serta*  in  capitibus,  nee  cyrotecas  in  manibus,  sed 
mitanas.  Nee  vestes  nimis  curiosas.  Quicunque  vero  ex  ipsis  rixari  vel 
aliquid  aliud  agere  prsesumpserit,  unde  Ordini  scandalura  oriatur,  ab 
Ordinis  servitio  perpetuo  excludatur.^ 

VIII. — De  ingressu  in  Cistercium. 

Nullus  abbas  ad  Capitulum  veniens  infra  quindecim  dies  ante 
Capitulum  Cistercium  intrans  ibi  moretur  ultra  tres  dies,  nisi  evidenti  et 
gravi  infirmitate  detentus,  nee  infra  duas  leugas  a  quocunque  parte 
Cistercii  elemosinse  largiantur.  Tempore  quoque  Capituli,  nullus  in  tret 
Cistercium  nisi  cum  duobus  equis,  et  uno  Converse,  vel  famulo  si 
Conversum  contigerit  infirmari.  Nee  in  Cistercium  monachum  adducat, 
exceptis  quatuor  primis,  et  abbate  Savigniaci,  qui  secum  monachos 
adducere  poterunt.  Singuli  vero  primorum  abbatum  quatuor  equita- 
turas tantum. 

IX. — De  die  ingresstis  in  Cistercium  tempore  Capituli  Generalis, 

Die  prsecedente  vigiliam  Sanctso  Crucis,  Abbates  ad  Capituluni  veni- 
entes  intrent  Cistercium  ante  Terciam,  et,  post  Terciam,  Missa  de  Spiritu 
Sancto  in  Conventu  ^  soUempniter  celebretur.  Si  Dominica  fuerit  missa 
matutinalis  ^  de  Dominica  erit,  major  *°  de  Spiritu  Sancto,  et  hoc  apud 


^  An  abbey  originally  BenedictiDe, 
which  became  subject  to  Clairvaux  under 
Serlo  its  abbot,  together  with  its  thirty 
affiliated  abbeys,  in  1147.  Being  a  very 
important  acquisition  to  the  Order,  it 
seems  to  have  enjoyed  a  sort  of  brevet 
Tank  next  to  the  four  premier  abbeys. 
About  twenty  abbeys  in  Kngland  were 
descended  from  Savigny,  among  which 
were  Fumess,  Byland,  and  Jervaulx. 

*  For  the  wearing  of  garlands  by  both 
sexes,  see  Wrigbt*s  "Domestic  Manners,'* 
pi  289. 

^  In    1256,    this   statute   is   merely 


"  Pueri  euntes  assidue  cum  personis 
Ordinis  non  deferant  cultellos  acuminatos 
vel  vestes  varias,  nee  serta  in  capitibus, 
nee  chyrotecas  in  manibus,  sed  mitanas." 

^  Apparently  the  same  as  the  secular 
"Chapter  Mass,"  which  was  ordinarily 
for  the  dead,  and  the  complement  of  the 
prayers  for  the  dead  said  in  the  chapter- 
house. 

»  The  old  English  **  Morrow  Mass," 
ordinarily  of  Our  Lady,  celebrated  very 
early  in  the  morning. 

^"  High  Mass, — the  mass  of  the  day. 
We  have  here  the  three  chief  masses  of 


58 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


Cistcrcium.  In  cscteris  autem  domibus  Ordinis  nostri,  missa  de  Spiritu 
Saucto  dicetur  eadera  die  in  couventu.  Si  Dominica  fuerit,  Missa 
matutinalis  de  Spiritu  Sancto  erit,  major  vero  de  Dominica.  Missa  vero  de 
Spiritu  Sancto  uec  pro  pncsenti  defuncto  intermittetur.  In  hac  ipsa  die 
a  singulis  sacerdotibus  qui  can  tare  *^  poterunt  Missa  de  Spiritu  Sancto 
dicetur,  nisi  pro  prrosenti  defuncto  fuerint  impediti.  Nee  aliqua 
scecularis  persona  seu  aliquis  alterius  Ordinis,  duobus  diebus  ante  festum 
Sancto)  Crucis  Cistercium  ingredi  perraittatur/' 

X. — De  hospitHms  tempore  CapUuli  in  Cisterelo  inventis, 

Ab  bora  diei  nona  beatorum  Prothi  et  Jadncti  *^  usque  ad  horam  diei 
nonam,  quo  Abbates  a  Capitulo  Generali  discedunt,  quicunque  Monachus, 
hospes,  vel  Conversus  inventus  in  monasterio  fuerit,  vel  grangiis  Cistercii, 
vel  Cellariis,^^  nisi  de  licentia  domini  Cistercii,  ducatur  in  Capitulo,  et 
ibi  coram  omnibus  vapulet,  statim  postquam  vapulayerit,  recessurus. 
Si  quis  vero  Monachus  vel  Conversus  eo  tempore  urgens  negotium 
habuerit,  Cistercium  ingredi  poterit,  de  licentia  tamen  domini  Cisterci- 
ensis.  Ita  quod,  expedite  negotio,  exeat  sine  mora.  Transgressores  vero 
Monachi  vel  Conversi  poenam  proximo  uotatam  sustineant.  (Nee  uUa 
persona  ordinis  tempore  Capituli,  portam  Cistercii  causa  merces  emendi 
exire  preesumat.  Conversi  vero  Cistercii,  una  cum  aliis,  illo  die  intersint 
Capitulo  qui  tenet  ur  Conversis  tempore  Capituli  Generalis,  except  is  illis 
quos  Cellerarius  domus  duxerit  retinendos)>^ 


XI. — De  poena  Abbatum  qui  remanent  a  Capitulo, 

Abbates  qui  ad  Capitulum  non  venerint  vel  se  legitime  non  excasa- 
verint,  eo  anno  quo  debent  venire,  a  die  Capituli  Cistercii,  in  stallum 
Abbatis  non  intrent,  et  omni  vj^  feria  sint  in  pane  et  aqua,  donee 
Cistercio  se  prsosentent  Eandem  pcsnam  sustineant  qui  per  se  vel  per 
alium  procuraverint  ut  remaneant  a  Capitulo  Generali,  et  illi  qui  hoc 
scierint  et  eos  non  proclamaverint.  Quicunque  hoc  procuraverit  vel 
procurari  fecerit,  omni  vj<^  feria  per  annum  sit  in  pane  et  aqua. 


XII. — De  excusatione  Abbatum  qui  venire  non  possunt  ad  Capitulum 

Generale, 

Abbates  qui  ad  Capitulum  non  venerint  eo  anno  quo  venire  tenentur, 
per  Abbates  vicinos  et  litteras  legitime  so  excusent.      Nichilominus 


each  dajf  corresponding  with  those  pro* 
Tided  for  secular  churches. 

41  <*  Cantare  hie  accipitur  pro  oelebrare 
ut  alibi  Bsepius  turn  in  his  Constit.  turn 
in  lib.  Uauum  "  (Nomasticon,  p.  804). 

^  In  1256  this  and  cap.  viiL  form  one 
chapter,  with  some  verbal  differences. 
The  remaining  chapters  are  numbered 
accordingly. 

«  Sept.  11. 

^  The  monastic  *' cellar"  included  the 
whole  domain  of  the  Cellarer.  Beside 
store-places  it  contained  the  living  and 


working  rooms  of  the  lay  brethren,  with 
accommodation  for  guests.  The  Cel- 
larer*B  buildings  at  Canterbury  correspond 
with  what  Mr.  Shdrpe  called  the  "  Domus 
Conversorum  "  of  Cistercian  abb^s.  l*he 
three  main  divisions  are,  the  cellar  pro- 
per, containing  stores  and  lay  brothers' 
work-rooms  and  dormitory,  the  oeUarar's 
<*haU;'  and  hU  **  lodgings, **  both  for 
guests.  See  further  in  Micklethwaita  on 
the  Cistercian  Plan,  in  voL  vii.  p.  889. 
^  *'  Neo  ulUs"  etc.,  not  in  126tf. 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES.  59 

seqaenti  anno  veniant  et  veniam  inde  petant,  nee  mittant  de  csetero 
Eesponsales/* 

XIII. — De  Abbatibus  infirmis,  ut  Cistercio  se  prcesentant, 

Abbates  qui  singulis  annis  ad  Capitulum  Tcnire  non  tenentur,  si 
tuque  ad  unam  de  iiij^^  primis  abbatiis  Tenerint,  et  ibi  infirm!  reman- 
serint  Tel  infra,  postquam  meliorati  fuerint,  Cistercio  se  pra^sentent. 
£t  sio  eis  indulge tur,  ut  sequenti  anno  ad  Capitulum  venire  minime 
teneantur.  Abbates  yero  qui  iu  via  Capituli  spoliantur,  nicbilominus  ad 
Capitulum  veniant,  et  Abbates  per  quos  transierint  eis  necessaria 
caritative  ministrent. 

XII 1 1. — Quomodo  incipiendum  sit  Capitulum  Geiierale,  et  qualiter 
se  debeant  habere  Abbates  in  eodem  Capitulo, 

(Ut  cuueta  nostra  operatio  et  a  Deo  semper  incipiat  et  per  eum  coDpta 
finiatur,^  statuitur  ut  Abbates  in  Generali  Capitulo  congi*egati,  in  primis 
hjmuus,  Veni  Creaior  SpirituSf  Cantore  incipiente,  cantent  sollempniter  et 
devote.  Postea  dicatur  a  Pnesidente  versus  Emiite  Spiritum  tuum,  et 
creabuntur,  et  subjungatur  Collecta,  Actiones,)^  Quicunque  vero  Abbas 
foris  Capitulum  dum  Generale  Capitulum  tenetur  scienter  et  diu  sederit, 
ea  die  a  vino  abstineat.  Signo  igitur  pulsate  ad  conveniendum  in 
Capitulum,  statim  Abbates  sine  mora  conveniant  Qui  diutius  intrare 
distulerit  proclametur,  satisfacturus  ad  arbitrium  Pra^sidentis,  sine  cujus 
licentia  nutu  manus  petita,  quandiu  ipse  sederit,  nullus  exeat.  Null  us 
in  Capitulo  prsster  Prsesidentem  proclamet  vel  loquatur  in  audientia 
omnium,  nisi  stando,  omnibus  aliis  sedendo  abscultantibus.  Si  quis 
oontradicere  vel  aliud  dicere  voluerit,  illo  sedente,  surgat.  Qui  vero 
habuerit  loqui  aliquid  alicui,  quod  tamen  debet  ab  omnibus  studiose 
prsecaveri ;  accedens  ad  eum,  in  aure  loquatur  ei,  et  hoc  breviter.  Si 
quid  auditum  fuerit  undo  aliquis  vel  aliqui  moveantur,  non  statim  more 
brutorum  in  tumultuosas  et  inconditas  voces  prorumpant,  quin  potius, 
aervata  omnino  omni  studio  fuvorabili  gravitate,  surgat  aliquis,  qui  unus 
pro  aliia  sapienter  atque  discrete  verbi  moti  satisfactionem  aut  ipso 
reddat  aut  sicut  expederi  noverit  ipse  inquirat.  Nee  praesumat  alter 
alteram  defcndere  aut  quasi  tueri,  quod  est  scindere  Sacrosancti 
Ordinis  unitatem.  Quod  si  quis  transgressus  fuerit,  talis  in  eum  vindicta 
prooedat^  quse  ca^teros  a  simili  prsesumptione  deterreat.  Si  aliqua  vero 
persona  causam  ingressa  fuerit,  et  aliquis  Abbatum  aliquid  adversus  earn 
habuerit,  non  ibi  ipsam  coram  omnibus  aggrediatur.  Sed  postquam  ex 
viais  et  auditis  SBdificata  recesserit ;  proponat  Abbas  quod  voluerit,  et 
tunc  si  Capitulo  visum  fuerit,  eligantur  personaB  discretsB,  quae  personam 
illam  modeste  conveniant,  et  ad  ea  quae  pacis  sunt  ac  juris  convenienter 
iadocant. 

XV. — De  exitu  Manachorum,  et  litteris  pro  scecularibus. 

Die  SanctsB  Crucis  post  absolutionem  solempnem  defunctorum,  dicatur, 
Adjutarium  nostrum^  et   Monachi   exeant     Aliis  vero   diebus  post  ex- 

*  Somewhat   longer   in    1256.      The  ^^  pvom  the  collect  *<Actiones nostras," 

Ipofd  MetpontaUs  is  used  in  a  peculiar  said  after  mass,  mentiooed  just  below. 

dstercUn     sense    for    representatives.  .    ^  This  part  not  in  1256,  which  begins 

(Dueaoge.)  ^t  Quicunque, 


60  CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 

po9itj6nem  Regulse  et  dicto  AdjiUorium  nostrum,  exibunt  munachi.  £t 
nemo  clamorem  vel  litteros  pro  sseculari  quolibet  conti-a  aliquem  uostri 
Ordinis  ad  Capitulum  deferat  (vel  deferri  procuret.  Si  vero  aliquse 
litteraD  contra  aliquam  ordinis  personam  Capitulo  fuerint  prsesentari ; 
non  ibi  legantur  nisi  de  licentia  domini  Cistcrcii  et  diffinitorum,  et  per 
ilium  qui  alias  litteras  legere  debet)/' 

XVI. — Ue  Diffinitoribus. 

Cum  dominus  Cistercii  Toluerit  diflSnitores  eligere,  non  ex  debito 
necessitatis,  sed  pro  bono  pacis  et  caritatis,  inquirat  per  iiij<"^  primos 
Abbates  simul  vel  sigillatim  pro  ut  ei  placuerit,  quos  singuli  eorum  de 
derivatione  domus  suce,  ad  hoc  opus  magis  ydoneos  esse  cognoverint  vel 
crediderint,  et,  audito  responso  eorum  de  numero  eorum  qui  fueriut 
nominati,  quos  utiliores  esse  crediderit  ad  hoc  opus  assumat.  Ipse  vero 
quatuor  primos  Abbates  et  de  aliis  filiis  suis  quos  magis  discretos  esse 
cogQoverit,  et  semulatores  Ordinis,  eligat  ad  hoc  ipsum.  £t  secunda 
die  Capituli  ante  Sextam,  Diffiuitores  nominentiu*. 

XVII. — De  uno  ex  quatuor  primis  Abbatibits  retinendo. 

Qui  pnesidet  Capitulo  semper  unum  retineat  secum,  de  quatuor  primis 
Abbatibus,  modo  unum,  modo  alterum,  per  diversa  die!  spacia. 

XVIII. — De  quatuor  primis,  si  quos  convocaverint. 

Si  aliquis  de  quatuor  primis  Abbatibus  in  Cistercio  tempore  Capituli 
Generalis,  aliquos  Abbates  duxerit  convocandos,  caveat  qui  convoca- 
(caveant)  et  etiam  convocati,  ne  quid  ibi  oriatur  quod  scisma  vel  conspit 
ratiouem  redoleat,  aut  aliquam  dissensionem.  Si  autem,  quod  absit, 
hujus  tam  necessarise  constitutionis  transgressor  quis  fuerit  deprehensus, 
absque  retractatione  in  eodem  Generali  Capitulo  deponatur. 

XIX. — De  Ahhatia  qua:  visiiata  non  fuerit. 

Si  qu8B  Abbatia  visitata  non  fuerit  in  anno  a  Patre  suo  Abbate  unde 
domus  eadem  exivit,  vel  per  se  vel  per  alium.  Abbas  ejusdem  domus  hoc 
notificet,  interrogante  id  communiter  eo  qui  praesidet  Capitulo  (et  ille 
qui  taliter  visitare  omiserit,  tribus  diebus  sit  in  levi  culpa,  uno  eorum  in 
pane  et  aqua)."  Quaeratur  etiam  si  quis  deest  Abbatum,  et  auditis 
excusationibus  eorum  qui  forte  venire  non  potuerint,  de  csetero  nemo 
celaverit,  si  quern  eorum  qui  eo  anno  venire  debuerant  abesse  cognoverit. 
Qui  vero  celaverit,  tribus  sextis  feriis  sit  in  pane  et  aqua. 

XX. — [De  Abbatibus,  ut  diffinitiones  habeant  CapUulLy^ 

Abbates  universi  diffinitiones  Capituli  Generalis  habere  satagant,  quas 
in  reditu  suo  prima  die  qua  ingi-ediuntur  Capitulum  suum,  vel  qua 
citius  habere  potuerint,  et  etiam  ter  ad  minus  per  annum,  cum  carta 

^  '  Yel  deferri,"  etc.,  not  in  1256.  according  to  the  table  it  ahouM  be  o 

•0  **  Et  ille,"  &o.,  not  in  1266.  here.  ^ 

*>  The  rubricated  heading  is  erased; 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


61 


yisitationls,  in  suis  Capitulis  faciant  recitarl.  Qui  hoo  neglcxerit,  tribii3 
diobus  sit  in  levi  culpa,  uno  eorum  in  pane  et  aqua.  Visitatores  vero 
tempore  visitationis,  DifEnitiones  illius  anni  sibi  faciant  prsesentarL  £t 
quenicunque  Abbatem  mandati  hiijus  invenerint  transgressorem ;  illi 
poBQam  peragere  denutient  a  Capitulo  prsefinitam."  Si  vero  alicui  Abbati 
a  Capitulo  Generali  iujuugitur,  ut  per  certum  dierum  nuraerum,  sit  extra 
staltum  abbatis,  illos  dies  compleat  existens  continue  vel  inter  ^^  pollatim 
in  chore,  in  suo  monasterio  vel  in  alieno. 

XXI. — De  Elemosinu  ad  Capitulum  mims. 

Elemosinas  Capitulo  deferendas  nullus  quterat,  nulli  dentur,  sed 
omnium  usibus  quibus  missse  fuerint  reserventur,  et  aequis  porcionibus 
diatribuantur  per  singulos ;  nee  de  csetero  in  uaus  alios  expendantur,  nisi 
forte  necessitate  urgente  de  licentia  Capituli  Generalis.  De  quibus  tres 
porciones  pro  Defuuctis  ^*  dentur  super  mensam  majorem,  toUendss  a 
portario  in  vestibus  vel  calciamentis  pauperibus  distribuendo.^^ 

XXII. — De  oration  ibus  pro  domino  Papa  et  aliis, 

Annis  singulis  die  quinta  Capituli  Generalis  ante  recessum  Abbatum, 
fiat  commemoratio  domiui  Papae  et  domiui  Iraperatoris  et  Regis  Francise, 
in  cujiis  regno  fundata  est  Abbatia  Cistercii ;  Regis  quoque  Anglorum, 
qui  elemosinam  suam  singulis  anuis  capitulo  assignavit;  Regis  etiam 
Arragonensis  et  ducis  BurgundiaD. 

XKIII. — De  Abbatibus  quibus  aliquid  commiUitU7;  et  litteris 

qucestuosis, 

Abbates  quibus  aliquid  a  Capitulo  Generali  committitur,  et  quibus 
aliqua  poenitentia  ab  eodem  Capitulo  injungitur,  sequenti  anuo  per  se 
vel  per  alios  quid  actum  sit  studeant  nuuciare.  Alioquin,  tribus  diebus 
sint  in  levi  culpa,  uno  eorum  in  pane  et  aqua.  Nee  aliquis  de  ccetero 
litteras  habeat  a  Capitulo  quaestuosas  nisi  super  hoc  veniam  petat  iu 
Capitulo  Generali  (nee  hujusmodi  litterae  per  manus  Mouachi  vel 
Monialis  per  ecclesias  vel  civitates,  castra  seu  villas  deportentur).^^ 

XXIIII. — De  piscibus  non  comedendis  apud  Divionem, 

Apud  Divionem,  tarn  in  eundo  ad  Capitulum  quam  in  redeundo,  et  ibi 
tnorando,  uullus  Abbas,  Monachus,  vel  Con  versus,  piscibus  utatur.  £t 
in  ipsa  villa  Divionensi,  quando  veuiunt  ad  Capitulum  vel  redeunt,  tam 
Abbates  quam  aliso  personae  Ordinis  honeste  se  habeant  et  mature,  nee 
per  vioos  sine  certa  necessitate  incedant.^^ 


"  ExCap.  Gen.  1212. 

"  Partly  erased  in  MS. 

i*  '*  Nota  pietatoiu  Abbatum  hujus 
OrdiaU  erga  Defunctoa'*  ( Nomasticon, 
309). 

**  According  to  a  Privliegium  of  Cle- 
ment IV.,  A.D.  1265,  alms  sent  to  the 
Chapter  General  were  to  be  received  by 
two  abbots,  one  being  appointed  by  the 
abbot  ot  Citea-ix,  and  the  other  by  one 


of  the  four  premiers,  each  in  turn  (Hen- 
riquez,  77). 

*«  **Nec/'&c.,  not  in  1251 

*7  Dijon  was  the  nearest  considerable 
town  to  Citeaux,  being  about  four  leagues 
distant.  It  is  to  be  observed  that  with 
the  Cistercians  fish  was  permissible  except 
on  fast  days  and  in  Advent,  but  it  was 
evidently  thought  desirable  to  put  a  stop 
to  these  fish-feasts  at  Dijon  by  the  way. 


62  CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 

XXIIII.  (sic) — [2)e  Ahhatihus  venientUms  ad  CapUulum  GetieraUJ] 

Abbates  qui  ad  Generale  Capitulum  anno  non  venerint  quo  tenentur, 
nisi  legitima  excusatio  intercedat,  videlicet  gravius  et  evidens  infirmitas, 
prout  in  Carta  Caritatis  continetur,  pro  prima  trangressione  pcenam 
sustineant  in  Usibus,  quinta  distinctione,  capitulo  xj^  diffinitam.  Si 
autem  anno  immediate  sequenti  non  venerint,  nee  prsedicta  infirmitatii 
causa  legitime  poterunt  se  tueri,  omni  alia  excusatione  cessante, 
auctoritate  Capituli  Generalis  a  suis  Visitatoribus  absque  retractatione 
aliqua  deponantur.  Si  vero  Visitatores  in  prsemissis  fuerint  negligentes, 
pcDua  puniantur  ante  dicta.  Et  quoniam  quidam  prsetextu  paupertatis 
excusationem  pretendunt,  se  expensis  carere  ad  hoc  sufficientibus 
asserentes,  Domino  Cistercii  ac  iiij®'^  Primis  Abbatibus  committitur' 
auctoritate  Capituli  Generalis,  nt  de  talibns  abbatiis  aliis  conjungendis, 
vel  ut  omnino  ab  ordine  expirent,  pensatis  quae  secimdum  Deum  et 
Ordinem  sunt  pensanda,  unusquisque  ipsorum  in  generatione  sua  ordi- 
nent  prout  viderint  expedire. 

"DinilDctio  v.**  endit  here  in  1256,  and  smaller  hand,  with  the  number  XXIIIf., 

in  our  MS.  it  did  at  first,  but  the  worda  but  without  a    heading,  about   abbots 

"  Explicit  vj*  {sk)  distinctio**  have  been  coming  to  the  general  oliapter. 
erased,  and  another  statute  added  in  a 


COURT.ROLLS  OF  SOME  EAST  RIDING  MANORS,  1563-1573. 

By  Rov.  W.  C.  BOULTER,  M.A.,  P.S.A. 

For  printing  the  following  extmcts  from  the  Court-Rolls 
of  some  Yorkshire  Manors  I  make  no  apology.  That  haa 
already  been  done  in  ample  sort  (1)  by  Professor  Chandler 
in  the  moving  appeal  ^  which,  by  the  mouth  of  Lord  Justice 
Fry,  he  made  to  tiie  Society  of  Antiquaiies  in  Februar3% 
1886  ;  (2)  in  the  Memorandum  thereupon  circulated  by 
that  Society,  dated  17  March,  18S6  ;  and  (3)  in  the  speech 
of  Bishop  Stubbs,  at  Chester,  in  August  last. 

The  Rolls  which  are  now  dealt  with,  Avere  obtained  many 
years  ago  from  a  dealer,  and  are  stray  rolls  of  non-consecu- 
tive years,  which  have  become  separated  from  the  series  to 
which  they  belong.  Such  documents  (and  even  parish 
registers)  are  sometimes  sent  up  to  London  to  be  perused 
by  lawyers,  or  to  be  produced  in  court ;  once  there  they  are 
forgotten,  and  never  reclaimed ;  they  lie  hidden  in  some 
office  until  the  inevitable,  but  lamentable,  clearance  is  made, 
when  all  old  parchments  are  sold  by  the  stone. 

I  have  been  told  that  the  late  Mr.  Gillyatt  Sumner  (helluo 
cartarum),  of  Woodmansey,  near  Beverley,  the  sale  of  whose 
effects  in  1877  many  readers  of  the  Journal  will  remember, 
on  account  of  the  large  number  of  miscellaneous  documents 
they  included,  used  to  obtain  many  of  them  from  dealers  in 
glue  and  size  ;  others  he  secured  from  various  local  solicitors, 
bargaining  with  them  that  if  he  gave  them  work  they  should 
find  hira  so  many  old  deeds  in  return.  The  box  or  bundle 
of  title-deeds,  belonging  to  nearly  every  property,  contains  a 
parcel  of  "old  deeds,  marked  A."  The  lawyer  simply 
schedules  them  under  that  vague  title.  He  never  opens  or 
reads  them  ;  generally  speaking,  alas !  ho  couldn't  read 
them  if  he  tried  :  just  as  comparatively  few  of  the  clergy 
can  read  old  parish  registers.     Sometimes  it  happens  that 

1  Proc.  Soc.  AjU.,  2nd  S.  xi.,  72. 


64  COUKT-ROLLS  OP   gOMB 

this  parcel  marked  A  is  left  without  an  owner ;  it  is  not 
necessary  to  show  a  title  for  more  than  sixty  years,  and  so 
the  old  deeds  are  left  in  the  office  as  lumber.  The  amount 
of  local  history  that  will  sometimes  thus  pass  through  «i 
lawyer  s  office  in  a  year  can  only  be  estimated  by  an  anti- 
quary who  has  been  brought  up  in  that  profession. 

What  becomes  of  old  deeds  ?  Some  are  converted  into 
size,  and  are  seen  at  least  no  more  ;  some  are  cut  up  by 
bookbindei*s.  But  a  vast  number  of  them  are  again  heard  of, 
although  they  are  not  recognized  on  their  re-appearance. 

Unfortunately  we  have  no  returns  from  the  toy- makers, 
showing  the  date  when  toy-drums  were  invented,  and  tho 
number  of  them  made  from  that  time  to  this.  Think  of  all 
the  toy-shops,  big  and  little,  in  England  alone  :  add  to  them 
all  the  stalls  at  markets  and  fairs.  Bewildered  antiquary  t 
perplexed  about  a  missing  link  in  the  descent  of  a  manor,  or 
an  omitted  generation  in  the  pedigree  of  a  "Visitation" 
family :  perhaps  the  evidence  you  desiderate  has  gone  at 
some  time  to  form  the  resounding  rounds  of  that  mimic 
military  music. 

Here  are  some  cases  of  my  own  knowledge  which  show 
the  fate  of  a  few  old  documents  : — 

The  ends  of  a  child's  drum,  bought  at  Hull  Fair,  October, 
1876.  Release  of  house  and  garden  in  the  Brookend  at 
Kosse  in  Herefordshire,  by  John  Mutloe  to  Giles  Griffits, 
1675. 

The  strips  to  which  the  sheets  of  books  had  been  sewn  in 
binding.  Inquisition,  indented,  taken  "  apud  Harleinge,^'  co. 
Norf.,  before  William  Heveningham,  arm.,  sheriff.  A  writ, 
Charles  I.  to  the  sheriflF  of  Norfolk, 

The  cover  of  an  eighteenth  century  school-book.  Lease 
by  Sir  Jonathan  Trelawny,  Bp.  of  Winchester,  to  Tho. 
Fisher,  of  premises  in  the  manor  of  Lamellyan  and  parish  of 
Lanteglos  (temp.  Q.  Anne). 

The  cover  of  a  book  dated  1637.  Copy  of  Court-Roll  (on 
paper),  Manor  of  Nasing :  names,  Christopher  Robinson, 
Alan  Smith,  Robert  Kynwelm'she. 

The  label  or  strip  by  which  the  seal  of  a  deed  was  sus- 
pended : 

To  all  trow  cristen  pepyll  to  qwome  this  my  last  Wyll  shall  come 
heyrde  or  reyd  grettyng  know  ye  that  where  I  lyon  Pershay  of  Riton  in 
the  couute  of  york  Esquier  hayf  be  my  dede  sufficient  in  the  .  .  .  ." 
[about  1510].  ' 


EAST  RIDING  MANOKS,  1508-1573.  65 

Another  instance  in  Notes  and  Queries,  5th  S.  vi.  4. 

These  Rolls  consist  of  five  pieces  of  parchment,  three  of 
which  are  still  held  together  by  a  thread  of  the  same.  They 
differ  in  lengthy  the  longest  being  2  fib.  4  in.,  the  shortest 
1  ft.  6  in.,  and  they  average  about  10^  in.  in  width  ;  all 
but  the  shortest  one  are  written  upon  on  both  sides,  and  in 
two  or  three  hands.  Those  parts  which  have  come  to  the 
outside  when  the  skins  were  rolled  up  are  so  much  worn  and 
stained  as  to  be  in  some  places  wholly  illegible. 

They  relate  to  the  following  places  : — 

In  the  East  Riding :  Muston,  Hunmanby,  Filey,  Auburn, 
Settrington,  Nafferton,  Wansford,  Foston,  Wold-Newton, 
Foxholes,  Fordon,  Easton,  Flixton,  Grindale,  Kilham,  and 
Marten. 

In  the  West  Riding :  Temple  Hirst,  Temple  Newsham, 
Colton  and  Killingbeck. 

In  the  North  Riding:  Fyngall,  Ellington,  EUingstring, 
East  Witton,  and  West  Scrafton. 

They  are  of  the  years  5,  6,  14,  and  15  Elizabeth,  1563- 
1573. 

Not  a  little  of  their  interest  arises  from  the  way  in  which 
they  illustrate  the  connection  of  Yorkshire  with  one  of  the 
most  stirring  times,  one  of  the  greatest  romances,  and  one 
of  the  darkest  deeds  in  the  history  of  Scotland. 

Matthew  Stewart,  fourth  Earl  of  Lennox,  heir-male  of  the 
Stewards  of  Scotland,  Avas  the  grandson  of  Matthew,  the 
second  Earl,  who  fell  at  Flodden,  and  whose  Avife  was 
Klizabeth,  daughter  of  James,  Lord  Hamilton,  and  niece  of 
James  IIL  Of  all  the  Scottish  nobles  who  had  originally 
belonged  to  the  English  party,  he  alone  remained  friendly 
to  Henry  VIII.,  and  consequently,  by  the  power  of  the 
house  of  Hamilton,  he  was  banished  from  Scotland,  and  his 
estates  there  were  confiscated.  From  1543,  until  his  return 
to  Scotland  in  1564,  he  resided  in  England.  Henry  com- 
pensated him  by  finding  him  a  wife.  This  was  his  niece, 
Margaret,  the  daughter  of  Henry's  own  sister  Margaret, 
by  her  second  husband,  Archibald  Douglas,  Earl  of  Angus, 
her  first  husband  having  been  James  IV.  Margaret  Douglas, 
who  now  became  the  Countess  of  Lennox,  was  the  sister  of 
James  V.,  and  aunt  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots.  Thus  the 
earl  was  brought  into  the  direct  royal  succession  of  both 
kingdoms. 

TOL.  X.  F 


66 


COURT-ROLLS  OP   SOMB 


His  royal  uncle,  moreover,  provided  him  with  English 
estates  in  lieu  of  those  he  had  lost  Such  were  ready  to 
hand  through  the  forfeitures  which  followed  upon  the  failure 
of  the  Pilgrimage  of  Grace  and  the  subsequent  risings  in 
1537.  The  properties  of  Lord  Darcy  (^nd  of  Sir  Francis 
Bygod  at  Temple  Newsham,  Settrington,^  Hunmanby,^  an<l 
Filey,*  were  among  those  granted  to  the  Earl  and  Countess 
of  Lennox. 

Their  son  Henry,  Lord  Darnley,  was  born  at  Temple 
Newsham,*  and  was  the  next  heir  to  the  English  throne 
after  his  mother's  niece.  Queen  Mary,  whom  he  married  at 
Edinburgh,  29  July,  1565,  and  their  son  in  turn  became 
James  VI.  of  Scotland  and  I.  of  England.  The  marriage 
displeased  Queen  Elizabeth,  who  put  the  Countess  of  Lennox 
and  her  younger  son  into  the  Tower,  and  seized  their 
English  estates.  The  dreadful  murder  of  Lord  Darnley  in 
the  Kirk  of  Field  on  9  February,  1567,  by  the  design  (as 
was  generally  believed)  of  his  royal  wife  and  the  Earl  of 
Bothwell,  need  not  be  dwelt  upon.  His  father  demanded  an 
inquiry,  and  a  Commission  was  appointed,  which  met  firat  at 
York  in  October,  1568.  Bolton  Castle,  where  Queen  Mary 
was  virtually  a  state  prisoner  from  July,  1568,  to  January, 
1569,  is  close  to  the  Earl's  group  of  North  Riding  manoi-s. 
The  Earl  of  Lennox  succeeded  the  E:irl  of  Murray  as  Regent 
of  Scotland  in  1570  ;  but  he  met  with  a  like  fate,  for  he  was 
sliot  by  order  of  Lord  Claud  Hamilton,  in  the  Raid  of 
Stirling,  4  September,  1571.  He  survived  only  a  few  houra, 
and  "  then  departed  to  God  very  peacefully,  exhorting  all 


^  *'This  lost  rebellion  bcj^an  in 
Setrington.** — Grafton's  Chronicle. 

James  I.  gave  the  Earl's  successors  an 
English  peerage,  one  of  the  titles  being 
liaroa  Settrington  of  Settrington.  When 
the  tStewart  titles  passed  to  Charles  II., 
the  old  Lennox  line  having  become 
extinct,  he  granted  them  anew  to  his  own 
Bon,  and  Baron  Settrington  is  now  one  of 
the  titles  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond. 

In  1640  Edward  Dacres  dedicated  his 
translation  of  Machiavel's  Prince^  "to 
the  most  noble  and  illustrious  James 
Duke  of  I^enox,  Faron  of  Settrington." 
In  ItiGl  John  Davies  of  Kidwelly  dedi- 
cated hia  History  of  the  Civil  Warres 
*'to  the  most  noble  Charles  Duke  of 
Richmond  and  Lenox,  Baron  of  Setter- 
ington." 

^  A  feofifment  of  1617  relating  to  a 


cottat^e  and  a  croft  called  Finngarth  or 
Hyndgarth  in  the  town  and  fields  of 
**Uudraanby"  [HundmanbyJ  describes 
them  as  **  late  parcel  of  the  lands  of  Lonl 
Lattymer,  and  sometime  parcel  of  the 
possessions  of  Francis  Bygott,  attainted.** 
Part  of  the  manor  of  Hunmanby  i%  or 
was,  known  by  the  name  of  Lennox; 
and  the  Nafierton  Inclosure  Act,  17"&^, 
says  that  manor  is  **  commonly  called 
Lenox  manor." 

•*  Cole's  Filey,  46.  Jervaulx  Abbey, 
in  the  parish  of  East  Witton,  was  aUo 
granted  to  them  in  1544. 

^  John  Elder  was  with  Lord  Darnley 
at  Temple  Newsham,  1564,  W.  C.  Har- 
litt,  Collections  and  Notes,  1876,  p.  875. 

Cuthbert  Wythom,  Rector  of  Qarfortb, 
was  the  Countess's  chaplain  (Dugdale's 
Viaitation,  p.  374). 


EAST  RIDING  MANORS,  1563-1573.  67 

men  to  follow  still  the  action  for  the  maintenance  of  the 
king." 

The  countess^  died  in  poverty,  at  Hackney,  in  March, 
1578,  and,  at  the  expense  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  was  buried  in 
the  chapel  of  her  grandfather,  Henry  VII.,  at  Westminster, 
under  a  tomb  partly  erected  by  her  grandson,  James  I.,  and 
not  far  from  the  remains  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  They 
had  one  other  son,  Charles,  afterwards  Duke  of  Lennox,  the 
father  of  the  unhappy  Arabella  Stuart.  He  and  his  cousin 
Esme,  Duke  of  Lennox  and  Richmond,  who  died  in  1624, 
are  buried  in  the  same  tomb  with  the  countess.^ 

Manorial  customs,  says  a  contemporary  Avriter,  "are  not 
so  universall  as  if  a  man  have  experyence  of  the  customes 
aud  services  of  any  one  manner  he  shall  therbye  have 
perfyct  knowledge  of  all  the  rest.  Or  if  he  be  experte  of 
the  customes  of  any  manner  in  any  one  countie  that  then  he 
shall  nede  no  further  enstruccions  for  all  the  resydewe  of 
the  manners  wythin  that  countie"  {Topographer  and 
Genealogist^  i.  44).  The  extracts  now  printed  bring  before 
lis  Rome  striking  features  of  Manorial  law  and  practice  ; 
the  forfeiture  of  felons'  goods  ;  the  proclamation  and  seizure 
of  estrays  ;  the  probate  of  wills  ;  the  payment  of  a  relief  on 
succession  ;  the  pleas  of  the  tenants  heard  in  their  own 
court,  and  decided  by  the  jury;  the  manorial  officers, 
seneschal,  bailiff,  jury,  inquest,  constables,  pinders,  ale-tasters, 
dyke-graves,  and  keepers  of  the  plebiscite  ;  the  care  of 
sewers,  high-ways,  fences,  common-moors,  firth-fields,  and 
pinfolds ;  the  care  of  public  food,  bread  and  ale,  and  of 
public  peace,  security,  and  decency.  Mi*.  Marshall  desired 
to  sec  Manor-Courts  (which  in  his  time  in  Yorkshire  Avero 
still  generally  held)  made  permanent,  and  the  fines  recover- 
able by  law  ;  his  remarks  on  the  subject  are  sensible,  and 
worth  notice. — Rural  Economy  of  Yorkshire^  1796,  i. 
27-29. 

We  obtain  also  the  names  of  the  landowners  and  residents 
in  these  manors,  together  with  those  of  a  few  fields  and 

•SUnlcy,  Mem,  of  JVestm.,  4th  ed.,  1866,  No.  87. 

1S76,    pp.    165,    547  ;  the    epitaph,  in  '  For  some  notices  of  the  Lennoxes, 

i^ajgWy,   Hist,  from  Marble,  ccccxivi.  ;  Itobertson,  Hist.   Scotl.  ;   Fronde,   Hist. 

W  portrait,  Mr.  G.  Scharf  in  OW  Xow-  £)igl..    Vols.    VIK.,    IX.,    X.  ;   Scott, 

^1  Arch,  lott,  1867,  pp.  358,  '674  ;  the  Tales  of  a   Oraiidf,    ch.   xxix.  xxxii.  ; 

**rf  portrait    is    at    Hampton    Court ;  Halliwell,    Lettcrx  of  the   Kiiujs,    1^48, 

•joiber  was  lent  by  H.  W.   Dianiuuil,  i.  392  ;  Stouey,  Life  of  iyir  11.  Sculkir, 

A-O.,  to th0  National  Portrait  ExhiUtiou,  1877,  p.  1 51^. 

r  2 


68  COURT   ROLLS   OF   SOME 

places.  It  is  probable  that  all  who  owed  suit  of  court  were 
cited  to  appear  when  the  manor  passed  into  the  hands  of  a 
new  lord,  and  some  fine  old  Yorkshire  families  are  repre- 
sented here  among  the  tenants,  such  as  Aske,  Beckwith, 
Bygod,  Constable,  Creyke,  Hammerton,  Holme,  Lacy,  St. 
Quintin,  Salvayn,  Thornton,  Thorpe,  and  Vavasour.® 

Those  who  desire  more  illustrations  of  manorial  life  will 
find  them,  among  other  places,  in  these : — Topographer 
and  Genealogist,  1846,  vol.  i. ;  ArchcBologiay  xlvi.  371-388  ; 
Yorksh.  Arch.  Journ.,  vii.  55-57;  Poulson's  Holdemess, 
ii.  436-444 ;  Manchester  Court-Leet  Records  (Chet.  See.)  ; 
Charnock,  Manorial  Customs  in  Essex ,  1870  ;  Stubbs, 
Constitutional  Hist.  Eng.,  vol.  i. ;  English  Gilds,  E.E.T.S., 
432-442 ;  and  in  the  works  of  Prof.  Maine  and  Mr. 
Seebohm. 

There  are,  of  course,  many  books  of  practice  and  prece- 
dents for  the  use  of  lawyers,  and  stewards  of  manors,  who 
were  almost  of  necessity  lawyers  ;^  such  are  the  Manor  of 
kepynge  a  Court  Baron  and  a  Lete,  1544  ;  the  treatises  of 
John  Kitchin,  1580-1675  ;  Jonas  Adaraes,  1593  ;  the 
Order  of  keeping  a  Court  Baron,  1603-50  ;  Sir  Ed.  Coke, 
1641-73;  Wm.  Sheppard,  1667-85;  Hob.  Powell,  1668; 
Lex  Custumaria,  by  S.  C,  1696,  1701  ;  Sir  Wm.  Scroggs, 
1714-28 ;  Giles  Jacob,  1717-1752  ;  Wm.  Nelson,  1726-33 ; 
and  Wm.  Greenwood,  9th  ed.,  1730. 

The  East  Riding  manors,  being  nearly  all  in  a  part  of  the 
county  of  which  no  history  has  yet  been  attempted,  are 
alone  dealt  with  in  this  paper.  It  will  be  seen  that  some 
earlier  entries  are  missing,  and  the  Roll,  as  it  is,  starts 
abruptly,  without  initial  heading  or  date. 

All  omissions  are  marked,  except  a  few  cases  of  assault, 
and  some  frequently  recurring  phrases.  False  concords, 
bad  grammar,  varying  genders,  and  strange  spelling  are  as 
in  the  original.  My  friends  Dr.  Sykes  of  Doncaster,  and  the 
Rev.  J.  T.  Fowler  of  Durham,  have  kindly  helped  me  in 
many  difficulties  of  reading  and  extending. 


•  No  attempt  has  been  made  to  anno-  View  of  Frankpledge,  ffudibras,  part  ii., 

tate  these  names.  canto    ii.,  309-314.     There    are  several 

'  Notice  that  the  expenses  of  holding  a  articles  on  ancient  manors  in  the  Satur- 

court  are  always  6s.  Hd.    There  is  an  in-  day  JlcvicWy  Jan.-Feb.,  188tJ,  with  illus- 

Btance  of  a  woman  acting  as  an  attorney.  trations  from  Wakedeld. 


EAST   RIDING   MANORS,  1563-1573. 


69 


MusTON  {no  date). 

Qui  dicunt  et  presentant  super  eorum  sacra- 
mentum  quod  Robert  us  Lutton  {ij^)  non  fecit  defen- 
ciones'^suasprout  junctus"  fuit,  ideo  in  misericord ia ; 
et  quod  Johannes  Bennett  (ij*i)  et  Willielmus  Mease 
(ij^)8unt  communes  brasiatores  seruicise  ^^  et  fregerunt  assisam  ideo  in  m. 


Veredictum  Jura- 
torum  de  Muston. 
summa,  iij"  x^ 


Constabularius.     Thomas   Dobson   electus  est  in  officio  Constabularii 

de  anno  sequente  et  juratus. 

Gustatores     Willielmus    Stawker    et    Thomas  Walker  electi  sunt    in 
seruiciae.       officiis    de  gustatoribus  seruicite  ^'  de   anno  sequente   et 
juratL 


Veredictum  Jura- 

torum  de  Hunanbye. 

S.  ixii  ix-  .xd 


HuNMANBY  (no  date). 

Rolandus  Langtoft  (xx^)  RadulphusClerkeson(xij^) 
Thomas  Smythe  (xij^)  ludebant  ad  ludos  illicitas  ^* 
contra  statutum,  ideo  in  m.  Ricardus  Stiyckland 
(xij*^)  custodit  vnum  equum  infra  dominium  hie 
contra  ordinem.  Robertus  Rotclyffe  (viii^)  non  escuravit  communem 
seweram  apud  North  well  prout  junctus  fuit.  Agnes  Rotclyffe  (xx!^)  eruc- 
tavit"  grauum  vicinorum  suorum.  Brianus  Byrd  (xx^)  fecit  rescussum 
super  im|)arcatorem.  Willielmus  Reyper  (xij*)  et  Petrus  Ward  (vi'*) 
custodiunt  aueria  et  porcos  suos  infra  campos  seminatos  ^*  contra  ordinem. 
Kicardus  Chylde,  jun.  (iiij'^)  non  escuravit  seweras  suas  apud  Dowcote 
et  Rindell  Close.  Willielmus  Comyndalle  (xx**)  fecit  rescussum  super 
balliuum  dominorum. 

Ricardus  Strickland  (vj"  viij^)  cepit  et  asportauit  granum  vicinorum. 
Mich' us  Fardyng  (iiij')  non  posuit  soalas  apud  Mappelltor  hyll  *'  infra 


'®  DefencioDM,  fences. 

"  JunotuB,  for  injunctus. 

"  Seruici»,  for  cerevisite,  as  cepes  for 
sepes,  below. 

**  The  office  of  ale-taster  soon  became 
obsolete;  see  Y.  A.  J.,  vii.  55.  The 
Manchester  Quarterb/,  April,  1886,  bad 
an  article  on  *'Tbe  Last  of  the  Ale- 
tasters."  Observe  that  a  place  which 
consumed  so  much  ale  as  to  need  two 
ule- tasters  could  be  so  peaceable  as  to  re- 
quire but  one  constable  ;  and  also  that  a 
woman  who  was  a  common  brewer  was 
fined  for  refusing  to  sell  her  ale,  the  re- 
verse of  local  option. 

()eort(e  Gascoigne,  in  his  Sted  GlasSi 
1 576,  says  that  priests  shall  cease  from 

"  When  bakers  make  not  barm  bear 

price  of  wheat, 
When  brewers  put  no  baggage  in  their 

beer." 
Of  the  punishment  of  such  see  Skeat*8 
Piers  Plowman,  Clar.  Press,  pp.  120, 121. 


^*  Unlawful  Games, 

Many  games  have  from  time  to  time 
been  prohibited  by  statute  law,  e.g.  by 
17  Edw.  IV.  c.  3,  and  33  Hen.  VIII.  c.  », 
repealed  by  8  &  0  Vict.  c.  109  ;  these 
games  were  closh,  kailes,  half-bowl,  band 
in  and  hand  out,  queckboard,  logetting 
in  the  fields,  slide-thrift  or  shove-groat, 
and  coy  ting  (quoiting)  ;  see  Knight's 
Pictorial  HLst.  Engl.,  i.  656,  ii.  891  ; 
Notes  and  QuerieSy  3rd  S.,  x.  20;  Memo- 
rials of  Ripon  (Surt.  Soc),  ii.  72. 

**  Eructavit,  for  emit. 

^*  Campos  seminatos,  **  seed  closes." 

17  There  is  a  Pinfold-hiU  at  Hun- 
manby,  and  the  moor  yet  bears  its  name, 
but  I  have  not  been  able  to  learn  anything 
of  Northwell,  Dowcote,  Kindell-close,  or 
Mappelltor-hill.  Mr.  Farthing,  within 
whose  holding  the  latter  place  was,  seems 
to  have  been  bound  to  fix  ladders  fur 
public  use  in  passing  over  some  part  of 
the  hill. 


70  COURT-ROLLS  OF   SOME 

tenement  una  suum  pro  passegio  plebis  Domini  Reginso.  Willielmus 
Comyndall  (xij^)  custodit  unam  equam  infra  dominium  hie  contra 
ordiuem.  Willielmus  Drynge  (iiij*^)  Robertus  Ward  (iiij^),  Edwardus 
Walworthe  (iiij^)  Robertus  Rotclyffe  (iiij^)  Robertus  Pawlen  (iiij*) 
Henricus  Leppyngton  (iiij^)  Roulandus  Langtoft  (iiij**)  et  Robertus 
Hewytson  (iiij*^)  sunt  communes  brasiatores  seruicisB  et  communes 
pistatores  '*  panis  human i  ^'  et  fregcruut  assisam.  Roulandus  Langtoft 
(xx**)  fregit  ordinem  factum  per  balliuum. 

Edwardus  Stele  (x*)  Mich' us  Nicholson  (x")  Willielmus  Lepington 
(x*)  Henricus  Marston  (x*)  Willielmus  Hessillwod  (x»)  Robertus  RotclyfFe 
(x*)  Robertus  Roxbye  (x»)  Robertus  Hessylwod,  sen.  (x»)  Thomas 
Marston  (x*)  Johannes  Blaykewell  (x*)  Willielmus  Fardyng  (x») 
Willielmus  Haggat  (x*)  Georgius  Readheade  (x*)  Johannes  Smythe 
(x*)  Robertus  Rey  (x")  et  Ricardus  Strickland  (x")  sunt  inhabi- 
tantes  et  residentes  infra  preeoinota  huius  lete  et  debent  sectam  -^  eidem 
let'  et  non  comparuere  ideo  in  m.  ponuntur  per  senescallum  curia)  ibidem 
vt  patet  in  capite. 

Summa  huius  curia?  xliij'^  xiij"  viij^. 


*^  Pistatores,  for  pistores.  Press,  pp.   74,  151  ;  I^^otes  and  Queries ^ 

»»  Panis  hu7nanus.     So  called  to  dis-  4th  S.  xL  425,  7th  S.  ii.  210,  386. 

tinguisb  it  from  horse-bread.   **  Common  The  following  is  an  exact  copy  of  an 

bakers    that  make  vnholsom  breade  for  official  printed  notice  in  my  possession, 

niannesbody,*'  "  common  bakers  of  man's  measuring  12  in.  by  7i  ;  the  figures  alone 

bread,"  English    Gilds,    E.E.T.S.,  pp.  are  in  handwriting : — 
3tJ7,  440,   &c.  ;    Piers    Plowman^   Clar. 

Kingston     ") 
UPON  Hull.    \  THE  ASSIZE  OF  BREAD, 
{To  wit).      3 

Set  the  13th  Day  of  Jan^,  1815, 

For  the  Town  of  Kingston* upon- Hull, 

To  take  Place  and  be  in  force  on  the  14th  Day  of 

the  same  Month,  for  seven  Days  next  ensuing. 

lb.  oz.  dr. 
The  Penny  Loaf  White  made  of  the  Best  Wheat  Flour  is  to  weigh    .         .     0     tJ     1 4 

The  Tvvo-peuny  Loaf  White  is  to  weigh 0  12     3 

The  Penny  Loaf  Wheaten  is  to  weigh 0     8     2 

Ditto  Household  is  to  weigh 0     8  15 

The  Two- penny  Loaf  Wheaten  is  to  weigh .10     5 

Ditto  Household  is  to  weigh 1114 

The  Sixpenny  Loaf  Wheaten  is  to  weigh .310 

Ditto  Household  is  to  weigh 3512 

The  Twelve-penny  Loaf  Wheaten  is  to  weii^h .621 

Ditto  Household  is  to  weigh 6119 

The  Kighteen-penny  Loaf  Wheaten  is  to  weigh        .         .         .         .          .032 
Ditto  Household  is  to  weigh 1016 

The  above  Assize  is  s.t  in  Averdupois  We'ght,  after  the  Rate  of  6^s.  Sd.  a  Quwter 
for  Wheat,  and  upon  every  Loaf  made,  sold,  c?u*ried  out,  or  exposed  to  or  for  sale  as 
Wheaten  Bread,  a  large  Roman  W  is  to  be  imprinted  or  marked  ;  and  upon  every 
Loaf  of  Bread  which  shall  be  made,  sold,  carried  out.  or  exi>o8ed  for  sale  as  Household 
or  Blown  Bread,  a  large  Roman  H  is  to  be  imprinted  or  marked. 

Topping  &  Dawson,  Printers,  47,  Lowgate,  Hull. 
^  Sect,  suit,  Piers  Plowman,  ed.  Skeat,  Clar.  Pr.,  p.  144. 


EAST   BIDlNa   MANORS,  1563-1573. 


71 


Robertas   [  ^^]  dat  dominis  pro  licencia  intrandi  in  duobus 

niessuagiis  et  septem  bovatis  terrse  in  Muston  quos  nuper  perquesiuit  de 
Gabriello  Sayntquintin,  iiij^. 


HUNMANBY,   1564. 

Hunanbye.     Visus   franci   plegii    cum   curia  peruobilium     dominorum 
Mathei  Steward  et  Dominse  Margaretse  suae  Comitia  Lennox 
et  Anguishe 'Mbidem  tentus  xviij^  die  Aprielis  anno  regni  Elesabethro 
Dei  gratia  Angl  Franc,  et  Hib.  Reg.  F.  D.  etc.  sexto. 


Tenentes  qui    Johannes    Hammerton,    armiger    (xx»),   Robertus    Aske 
am.  cer.  ^*       (m.xii^),   Mich'us    Fardyiug   (m.xx»),    Robertus  Roxbye 
8.  lxj».  (m.xx»)  sunt  tenentes  qui  defectum  fecerunt  sect«j  curia) 

ideo  in  m.  vt  patet  in  capite. 
Inquicitio  de  Huilanbyey  (14  sworn). 

MtlStOTlf        (  .,       ,,     ). 

f^lf^!/,  (13      „     ). 

[Four  men  fined  for  falling  into  pleas  of  debt,'^  and  one  for  unjustly 
bringing  an  action  of  trespass.] 


ft 


i« 


>» 


» 


Veredictum  Jura- 
iorum  de  Hunanhye 
xj*  iiij' 


xxxii  -i»  ""d 


Robertus  Mylner  (vj<^)  et  Nicholaus  Rase  (vj^)  de 
Muston  intrauerunt  communom  morem  cum  aueriis 
fiuis  contra  ordinem.  Johannes  Walker  (xij*^) 
pasturavit  cum  equis  suis  vocatis  le  mares  super 
communem  morem  contra  ordinem.  Vna  eqna  extrauagans  valoris 
Yjs  yjjjd  venit  infra  dominium  liic  et  remansit  ibidem  licet  proclamata 
fuit  {»er  spacium  vnius  anni  et  diei  ^  ideo  prseceptum  ballivo  seisire  in 
manibus  dominorum. 

Rolwrtus  Esott,  felon'  ^  arrestatus  et  in  prisona  episcopali  existens 
pro  felonia,  habet  bona  et  catalla  ad  valorem  xxx*^  ij»  viiij^  vna  cum 
porcione  cuiusdam  puella3  vocatse  Margareta  Acclam  in  sua  posse^sione 
existente  ad  valorem  viij**  xv»  quse  adiudicauerunt  dominis  vt  ius  suum 
et  prfeceptum  est  ballivo  ibidem  seisire  in  manibus  dominorum.  Inuen- 
torium  bonorum  remanet  in  manibus  balliui  ibidem. 


^  Blank  in  orig. 

^  Angiiishe,  Angus. 

^  Am.  cer.  (?) 

^  Most  likely  these  were  cases  where 
tenants  of  the  manor  had  impleaded  one 
another  in  another  court,  which  was  an 
offence  {Y.  A.  J.^  vli.  55). 

®   Year  and  a  Day. 

A  unual  legal  perio«l  ;  in  some  oases  of 
'  petty  tr<^a8on  the  offender's  lands  were 
taken  po88e.«ision  of  for  a  year  and  a  day  ; 
execntion  upon  judgment  had  to  be 
taken  out  within  a  year  and  a  day 
(Cowel,  Law  Diet. ;  Notes  and  QuerUs, 
ZrdS.  vii.,  116,  186;  Les  Termes  de  la 
Ley,  1667,  p.   43  ;  Instructor  ClericaXUy 


1715,  pt.  i.,  pp.  150-5. 

Estrays  were  proclaimed  in  two  market 
towns  0!i  two  market  days,  and  if  not 
owned  within  a  year  and  a  day  became 
the  property  of  the  lord  of  the  manor. 
See  Hiulibras^  part  ii.,  canto  1,  1.  700, 
with  Z.  Grey's  notes  ;  English,  Gilds, 
3d-2. 

There  is  a  rhyme  about  the  Lord 
Mayor  of  York  and  his  wife — 

He  is  a  Lord  for  a  year  and  a  day. 
She  is  a  Lady  for  ever  and  aye. 

*  Felony  caused  loss  of  fee.  Perhaps 
he  who  was  confined  in  the  bishop's  gaol 
was  a  criminous  clerk,  or  an  offender 
against  ecclesiastical  discipline. 


72 


COUKT-KOLLS   OP   SOME 


VerecUctum  Jura-     Authonius  Drape  felou'  et  condempnatur  indo  habet 

toriim  de  Muston     bona  et  catalla  ad  valorem  xviij*  iiij*^  et  adiudicauda 

xviij"  x*^  inde  seisina  dominis  vt  ius  siium  et  prseceptum  est 

balliuo  ibidem  seisire  praedicta  bona  iu  manibus 
dominonim.  Inuentorium  bonoriim  annixatur  rotulo.^  Willielmus 
Slayter  (vj**)  male  faraat  vicinos  suos. 


Veredictum  Jura- 
torum  de  jFylei/ 

"m  "  'A 

8.  ij*  VIIJ*^ 


viijii 


Edmimdus  Stele  (xx^)  Mich'us  Nicholson  (xx") 
Willielmus  Lepyngton  (xx")  Henricus  Marston  (xx") 
Willielmus  Hessilwood  (xx*)  Robert  us  Rowsbye 
(xx»)  Robertus  Rotclyffe  (xx»)  et  Robertus  Hessilwood 
(xx*)  sunt  inhabitantes  residentes  et  comorantes  infra 
pnecincta  huius  lete  et  licite  ad  eandem  let*  solemp- 
niter  exacti  fuerunt  et  nou  comparuerunt  sed  defec- 
tum fecerunt,  ideo  quilibet  eorum  ponitur  in  m.  per 
senescallum  curiae  pro  defectu  suo. 


AwBORNE,   ISeS.'^ 

Awbome.    Visus  flfranci  plegii  cum  curia  pemobilium  dominonim  Mathei 
Steward  et  domince  Margareta)  iixoris  sute  Comitis  Lennox 
et  Anguishe  ibidem  tentus  xix°  die  Octobris  anno  regni  Elisabethse  Dei 
gratia  Anglicej  Franciee  et  Hibemia)  regina)  fidei  defensoris  etc.  quinto. 

Liberi        Heredes  Stephani  Constable  (ffin.  iiij**),  Franciscus  Saluan, 
Tenentes.     miles  (ffin.  iiij*^)  sunt  liberi  tenentes  et  dant  dominis  de  fin* 
vt  patet  in  capite. 

Custumarii  Margareta  Foster,  Philippus  Blackbume,  Johannes  Chy  .  .  . 
Tenentes.  Kat  herina  Moyses,  Johannes  Wy  tt,  Thomas  Jackson,  Robertus 
Bewley,  Johannes  Hepp,  Christopherus  Robinson,  Johanna 
Lins  ....  Christoferus  Reyd,  Willielmus  Short,  Robertus  Nicholson, 
Matheus  Carter,  Thomas  Walker,  Willielmus  Palmer,  Johannes  Spyues, 
Robertus  Ducke,  Bettric  Hopper,  Isabella  Williamson,  Johannes 
Glentham,  Clement  Hunt,  vxor  Prest  .  .  .  .  ,  Willielmus  Hewitson, 
Willielmus  Bewley,  et  Matheus  Grimston  sunt  inliabitantes  et  residentes 
infra  prajcincta  huius  lete. 


^  Missing. 

^  Auburn.  Auburn  now  consists  of 
one  farm ;  the  rest  of  the  parish  has  gone 
into  the  sea.  The  church  was  taken 
down  in  1731,  by  licence  of  the  arch- 
bishop, to  prevent  a  like  fate.  A  fatality 
seems  to  pursue  the  place,  for  the  most 
illegible  part  of  these  rolls  is  that  relating 
to  Awborne ;  one  is  irresistibly  reminded 
«»f  Auburn,  Goldsmith's  '*  Deserted  Vil- 
lage." I  have  printed  the  whole  of  the 
entries  relating  to  it,  and  take  the  oppor- 
tunity of  adding  these  notes.  In  1646, 
Sir  John  Buck,  Knt.,  of  Filey,  had  land 


here.  Of  the  church  bells  one  is  at 
Hoynton-hall  and  another  at  Nostell 
Priory  {Y.  A,  J.  ii.  215,  Notes  and  Qiic- 
rieSf  6th  S.  vi.  250) ;  an  ancient  key  of  the 
church  was  preseuted  last  summer  to  the 
York  Museum  by  Mr.  T.  B.  VVhytehead. 
In  1671  Roman  coins  were  found  here 
{Cal.  Stat.  Pap.,  Ed.  VI..  Mary.  Eliz.,  etl. 
Lemon,  1856,  p.  4(»6).  In  1597  Margaret 
Cowper  was  married  here  (  V.  A.  /.,  ix. 
375).  Sheahan's  East  Riding,  ii.  463 ; 
Lawton's  Collections^  294 ;  Prickett's 
Britllington,  64. 


EAST   lUDING    MANORS,  1563-1573. 


73 


Inquicitio. 
Mat  he  us  Carter 
Johannes  Spines 
Matheus  Grimston 
Willielmus  Palmer  ) 
Thomas  Walker 
Johannes  Hopper     . 


Jiirati. 


Robertns  Hutchenson 
Willielmus  Bewle 
Robert  us  Ducke 
Robertus  Bewley 
Thomas  Jackson 
Philippus  Blackburne. 


)  Jurati. 


Veredictum     Matheus  Carter  (iiij^)  custodit  aucas  infra  dominium  hie 
Juratorum.      contra  ordinem.     Johannes  Bugge  (iiij*^)  succidit  seliuncas 

infra  dominium  hie  eontra  ordinem.  Thomas  Walker  (iiii^)  et 
Elisabeth  Hunt  (iiij**)  similiter  suecidunt  seliuncas  infra  dominium  hie 
contra  ordinem.  Onristophorus  Reyd  (xij^)  portabat  ignem  ^  in  disco  ^ 
contra  ordinem.  Elisabeth  Robinson  (iiij*^)  et  Margareta  Foster  (iiij^)  sunt 
communes  obiurgatriees  ad  disquietacionem  vicinorum  suorum.  Agnes 
Williamson  (iiij*)  et  JohanaLyon  (iiij^)  sunt  similiter  communes  obiurga- 
triees. Willielmus  Bewley  (ij^)  est  communis  brasiator  seruiciee  et  fregit 
assisam. 

Summa  huius  curiae  iiij*  ij^ 


^  When  houses  and  bams  were  greatly 
built  of  wood,  and  commonly  thatched, 
it  was  a  serious  offence  to  be  careless 
about  fire.  In  1623  it  was  ordered  in 
the  Manor  of  Patrington  **that  none  do 
fetch  fire  from  one  neighbour  to  another 
but  close  covered."  (PmilsoTij  ii.  441.) 
Here  is  an  instance  kindly  supplied  by 
Dr.  Sykes  from  the  parish-register  of 
Howden,  May,  1655:  **  Pity  y'  sad  acci- 
dent upon  Saturday  y'  fift  of  this  Month 
hapned  at  Fockerthorpp  [Foggathorpe] 
in  y^  house  of  Francis  Blansherd  Hus- 
band* beinge  himselfe  his  wife  and  Two 
sons  at  Holden  Market — one  at  Home — 
»ime  Ni^hbour  servant  came  to  fetch 
fi'*e  (y*  wind  southward)  it  seemed  some 
sparke  scattered  in  y*  Dunghill  kindled 
in  y*  straw  ascended  the  Bame  and 
Dwelling  house  (being  remote  from  help) 
it  consumed  then  his  substance  (oh  hevie 
retume)  the  Lord  in  mercie  Divert  the 
Judgments  our  sins  so  much  Reserve." 
In  1691  the  town  of  Hedon  was  burnt, 
and  money  for  the  rebuilding  was  col- 
lected in  churches  by  royal  brief  :  Notes 
and  Queries,  2nd  S.  ii.  223;  6th  S.  x. 
343  ;  the  like  at  Hornsea  in  1702  ;  see 
these  and  others  in  Y.  A.  J.  vii.  361-8. 
Up.  Lewis  Bayly,  in  his  Practice  of  Piety^ 
first  printed  in  1605,  says  that  '*  in  our 
days  StrcU/ord-upon'Avon  was  twice  on 
the  same  day  twelvemonth  (being  the 
Lord's  Day)  almost  consumed  with  fire," 
and  ^*  on  the  3d  of  April,  An.  Dom.  1598, 
Qod  (in  leas  than  half  an  hour)  consumed 


with  a  sudden  and  fearful  fire,  the  whole 
town  of  Tiverton  in  D'^/oonshire^  except 
only  the  church,  the  courthouse,  and 
the  almshouses,  or  a  few  poor  people's 
dweliiogs  ;  where  a  man  might  have  seen 
400  dwelling-houses  all  at  once  on  fire, 
and  above  50  persons  consumed  with  the 
flame.*'  And  again  on  the  5th  of  August, 
1612,  "the  whole  Town  was  again  fired 
and  consum'd,  except  some  thirty  houses 
of  poor  people,  with  the  sclwol-house  and 
alinshouses.'*  In  1628  there  was  a  great 
fire  at  Banbury,  which  consumed  103 
dwelling-houses;  Mr.  "W.  Whately,  the 
vicar,  preached  a  sermon  upon  it  in  the 
parish-church,  afterwards  printed  with 
the  title  Siniic  no  more,  reprinted  at 
Banbury,  1824.  In  1727  about  140  per- 
sons were  assembled  at  a  puppet-show  in 
a  bam  at  Burwell,  Cambridgeshire,  of 
whom  80  perished  in  a  fire  that  happened ; 
an  account  of  it  was  printed  in  1769  by 
T.  Gibbons,  D.D,  Churches  were  often 
roofed  with  thatch ;  the  old  church  at 
Beswiuk,  near  Driffield,  was  so.  Richard 
Perrot,  B.D.,  vicar  of  Hessle,  in  his  ser- 
mon on  Tithes,  1627,  p.  50,  says  that 
'*in  many  places  of  this  land  a  man  shall 
finde  (Jod  served  in  a  thatched  church, 
or  wooden  chappell."  In  1638  Bp.  Mon- 
tague, of  Norwich,  asked  whether  the 
churches  were  *'  thatched  with  straw  or 
reed." — Art.  of  Inq.,  1841,  pp.  42,  98; 
many  instances  in  Notes  and  Queries,  3rd 
S.  xL  xii. 
^  Disco,  see  fire-pan  in  Halliwell. 


74  COUliT-ROLLS   OF   SOME 

Sbttrington,  1563. 

Settringto*    Visus  (as  above)  xxiij®  die  Octobris  anno  regai  Elesabethod 
....   quinto. 

Liberi  .Vnthonius  Thorpe,  armiger  (ffin.  iiij^)  Edwardus  Bjgod 
Teneates.     ganerosus  (ffin.  iiij^)  Thomas  Taylour  (iiij*^)  Johannes  Pexstou 

8.  xx*^  (com.)  Johannes  Gimlyn  (ffin.  iiij^)  Johannes  Swynboriie 
(com.)"*^  Johannes  Tipladye,  Willielmns  Hesslerton  (iiij*)  et 
Johannes  Hjwlbye  snnt  liberi  tenentes  et  debent  sectam  huio  curiae. 

Custumarii  Milo  Arkey  (com.  i]^)  Johannes  Nicholson  (com.  iiij^) 
Tenentes.  Johannes  ffiirde  (com.  iiij^)  Nicholas  Smitheson  (com.  iiij^), 
Willielmns  Bell  (segrotus,  iiij^)  Margareta  Hogged  (com.  iiij<^) 
Johannes  Ireland  (iiij^)  Agnes  AUman  (m.  ij^)'^  Willielmns  Pundersou 
(ij*^)  Robertus  Walter  (com.  ij*^)  vxor  Andreas  (iiij^)  Thomas  Holden  (iiij^) 
Konlandus  ffothergyll  (com.)  Simondus  Dodsworth  (com.)  Thomas 
Teysdayle  (com.  iiij^)  Johannes  Symson  (iiij*^)  Thomas  Colby  ^iiij**) 
Johannes  Harreson  (iiij^)  Radulphus  Haxwell  (ij^)  Thomas  Warmothe  (ij**) 
Clement  Smytheson  (i]^)  Emota  Noble  (iiij**)  Johannes  Worthye  (ij**) 
Robertus  Wylson  (iiij^)  Radulphus  Lockwood  (iiij^)  Johannes  Noddie, 
Willielmns  Hoggerd  (iiij*^)  uxor  Turner  (iiij*^)  Johannes  Tomson  (iiij*^) 
Johana  Ynglishe,  (co.  ij*^)  Anthonius  Bayts  (com.  ij*^)  Robertus  Waslyng 
(co.  iiij*^)  Agnes  Robinson  (com.)  Johana  Pereson  (iiij**)  vxor  Maynforthe 
(iiijd)  Radulphus  Thomson  (m.  iiij*^)  Robertus  Pecket  (iiij^)  Johannes 
Smythe  (co.  iiij**)  Johannes  Arkey  (iiij^)  Johannes  Typladye  (iiij^)  Simond 
Ruston  (co.  iiij^)  Wilfridus  Lyon  (ij<^)  Thomas  flfayron  (co.  ij^)  Thomas 
Johnson,  Robertus  Bryggam  (co.  iiij^)  Robertus  Lockwod  (co.  iiij**) 
Johannes  Ranyell  (iiij^)  Thomas  Skelton  (iiij^)  Robertus  Goole  (iiij^) 
Johannes  Belle  (iiij^)  Thomas  Foster  (co.  iiij*^)  Johannes  Hardy e 
(ij^)  Jacobus  Thomson  (ij*)  Ricardus  Hoggerd  (iiij^)  Thomas 
Hardwyke  (ij<^)  Johannes  Howdon  (co.  iiij*^)  Ricardus  Smythson  (iiij^) 
Georgius  Swyneburne  (co.  iiij^)  Henricus  Thomson  (co.  iiij^)  Thomas 
Dunnington  (iiij^),  Thomas  Mayneforthe  (iiij**)  Willielmus  Warmothe 
(iiij^)  et  Radulphus  Haxwell  (ij^)  sunt  tenentes  dominorum  et  quidam 
eorum  succidunt  viridia  iufra  siluas  dominorum  ideo  quilibet  eorum  in 
m.  ij^.  Et  quod  quidam  eorum  succidunt  viridia  et  metunt  herbas 
supra  liras  dominorum  ideo  quilibet  eorum  in  m.  vt  patet  supra 
capita  eorum. 

Tnquicitio.     (twelve  sworn). 

(three  persons  fined  for  falling  into  pleas  of  debt  and 
trespass).  Isabella  Warmout  non  prosecutus  est  querelam  suam  versus 
Willielmum  Hoggard  in  placito  debiti. 

Veredictum     Bartholomeus    Mylburne    (iiij^)  Johannes    Alleyn    (iiij**) 
Juratorum.      Johannes  Baynton  (iiij*^)  et  Ricardus  Lowcoke  (iiij^)  fece- 

runt   transgressionem   supra    imparcatorem   in    le   West 
Whynnes^  contra  poenam.     Thomas  Symson  (iiij*^)  fecit  transgressionem 

'*  Com.,  CO.,  comparuit,  appeared.  '^  Dr.  Isaic  Taylor,  author  of  Words 

^  m.  (?)   merciatus;   on  amercyt  see      and  Places^  the  present  rector  of  Set- 

Skeat's  Piers  Plowinarif  Clar.  Pr.  p.  68,         trington,  obligingly  writes :  '^TheHolmea 


EAST   BIDING    MANORS,  1563-1573. 


75 


cum  ouibus  sais  in  le  Holmes  contra  ordinem.  Nicholas  Smytheson 
(v]<*)  non  fecit  partem  suam  de  communi  parka'^  prout  junctus  fuit. 
Thomas  Colebye  (xii^^  fregit  cepes  vicinorum  suorura.  Vxor  Mayneforthe 
(iiij^)  Milo  Herkey  (iiij^)  Thomas  Farrou  (iiij'^)  et  vxor  Wilshe  (iiij'*) 
sunt  communes  brasiatores  seruiciro  et  fregerunt  assisam  contra  statutum. 
Willielmus  Hoggerd  (ij<^)  et  Robertas  Waslyng  (ij'^)  custodiunt  eqiias  suas 
infra  le  Firthe  Feyldes^  contra  ordinem.  Thomas  Coltbye  (xij*^)  Thomas 
Holden  (xij*^)  et  Johannes  Typladye  (xij*^)  custodiunt  aueria  sua  infra 
dominium  hie  vltra  exstint.*® 

Constabularius.     Thomas  Bell  electus  est  in  officio  constabularii  de  anno 

sequeute  et  juratus. 


Custodes 
Plebicetatis. 


Edmundus  Crakall  et  Thomas  Skelton  junior  electi  sunt 
in  officiis  Custodum  Plebicetatis  de  anno  sequente  et 
jurati. 


Gustatores      Johannes  Hardye  et  Willielmus  Ponderoon  electi  sunt  in 
Seruicise.       officiis    de   gustatoribus     seruiciao   de   anno   sequente    et 
jurati. 


Dyke  Graues. 


Milo  Herkey  et  Johannes  Holden  electi  sunt  in  officiis  le 
dyke  graues'^  de  anno  sequente  et  jurati. 

Summa  huius  curiae  xxvij* 

Expeucis  vj«  viij^ 


Settrington,  1564. 
Settryngton.     Visus  ,  .  .  .  xxi  Aprilis  anno  regni  Elezabethso  .... 


sexto. 


Inquicitio.     (twelve  sworn). 

six  persons  fined  for  falling  into  pleas  of  debt.*^ 


maj,  I  think,  be  identified  with  two 
meads  on  the  west  side  of  the  beck,  just 
l>elow,  i.e,  south  of  the  *town.*  The 
West  Whins  I  should  place  in  that  part 
of  the  West  Field  where  the  farm  called 
Whinflower  Hall  now  stands/'  Dr.  H, 
J.  Todd,  who  came  from  Canterbury  to 
be  rector  of  Settrington,  writes  of  it  in 
1823  as  "  this  wild  country."  ( IForhs  of 
Dr.  S.  Parr,  ed.  Johnstone,  1828,  viii. 
261-2.)  Mr.  J.  Walker,  of  Malton,  made 
a  map  of  the  ancient  entrenchments  on 
Settrington-wold.  Ralph  Tomson,  or 
Thomson,  whose  name  appears  among  tlie 
t'ustomary  Tenants,  was,  no  doubt,  the 
rector  of  Settrington,  who  died  18  Aug., 
1591.  and  was  buried  there.  (Ant.  a. 
Wood,  Ath.  Ox.,  ed.  Bliss,  Fasti,  L  213.) 
**  Parka,  the  pinfold  ;  as  imparcator 
is  the  pinder;  pews  like  to  cattle-pens 
must  be  pretty  old.  Cp.  '^  parrokyd  in 
puoa"  in  PUrs  Ploioman, 


^  Firth  fields  {Nofcs  and  Queries,  Cth 
S.  xii.  .510)  =  frith.field8. 

*•  Exstint,  stint. 

^"  Dyke-grave.  Dyke  means  both  ditch 
and  mound,  fossa  et  vallum ;  cp.  altua^ 
high  and  deep.  Here  is  part  of  a  Grace 
used  at  Dunbarton  about  1804 :  **  0  build 
a  Strang  deak  between  us  and  the  muckle 
French,  but  a  far  stranger  ane  between 
us  and  the  wild  Irish."  {Gent.  Mag, 
1867,  N.S.  iii.  341.)  Marvell  uses  the 
word  "dyke-grave"  in  his  Cfiaracter  of 
Holland;  see  the  note  in  Grosart's  ed., 
i.  2r»().  Grave  is  not  the  same  as  in  en- 
grave^ but  is  gerefa,  grieve,  graf  :  so  the 
old  innsign  Grave  Morris  for  Graf 
Maurice.  In  most  HoUerness  manora 
there  were  penny-graves  and  head-graves. 
(Poulson,  iL  436;  see  Dyke-reeve  in 
Cowel.) 

^  See  note  24. 


76 


COURT-ROLLS  OF   SOME 


Veredictutn  Johannes  Ireland  (ij*^)  et  Ricardus  Thomson  (ij*^)  non  fece- 
Juratornm.      runt   defenciones  suas  vocatas  forefrunt8^'  et  backfrunt8 

prout  junctum  fuit.  Vxor  Thomas  Farroman  (xij**)  est 
communis  brasiator  seruiciae  et  noluit  vendere  seruiciam  suam  viceuis 
suis.  Ancilla  Thomse  Farrome  (xij^)  colligebat  lignum^  infra  siluas 
domiuorum  sine  licencia  et  fregit  cepes  vicinorum.  Ancilla  Thomce 
Johnson  (xij**)  et  Roberti  Lockwod  (xij^)  Willielmi  Nicholles  (xij^) 
Johannis  Herker  (xij<^)  Johannis  Ran  jell  (xij^^)  Johannis  Smythe 
(xij*)  Jacobi  Hoggerd  (xij^)  et  Willielmi  Hoggerd  (xij**)  similiter 
colligerunt  lignum  infra  siluas  dominorum  sine  licencia  et  similiter  frege- 
runt  cepes  infra  viridas  contra  ordinem  ideo  quilibet  eorum  in  m.  vt 
patet  in  capite. 

Summa  huius  curiae  xvj*  iiij*. 

Expencis  yj»  viiij*^ 


Napferton,  1572/* 

Naferton,     Visus  ....  dominae  Margaretae  Coniitisssd  Lennox .... 
xiij°  die  Octobris  anno  regni  Elezabethae ....  decimo  quarto. 


Liberi  Tenentes, 
fl&n.  ij"  viij<* 


8.  IJ" 


Johannes  Thornton,  armiger  (fin.  iiij^),  ffranciscus 
Salvayn,  armiger  (fin.  iiij**),  Elezabethe  Williamson, 
vidua  (co.),  Edwardus  Whiteheade  (essou.)*'  Johannes 
Peckett  (com.)  Thomas  Tomson  (fin.  iiij^)  Henricus 
Snell  (com.)  pro  terris  uuper  Ricardi  Laybume ; 
Gilbertus  Warter  (fiin.  iiij**)  Ricardus  Hewethwayte  (esson.),  Henricus 
Snell,  pro  temtf  nuper  Skernes;  Thomas  Drynkraw  (fin.  iiij^)  pro  terris 
nuper  Radulphi  Sley ;  Willielmus  Watson  (co.) ;  ffranciscus  Taylor  (xij*) ; 
Willielmus  Ellwoode  (fin.  iiij<*)  Leonardus  Whyte,  junior  (co.)  Henricus 
Gibbon  (co.)  jure  vxoris  suae;  Johannes  Chawdwicke  (co.)  Sethe  Holme, 
gent,  (xij^)  Jacobus  Kyrkbye  (esson.)  ffosten  Felden  (fin.  iiij^)  Thomas 
Tayleyor  (mort.)  ;  Adam  Rei  (co.)  Thomas  Tomson  ;  Elezabethe  Bransbie 
(co.)  Alice  ffoster  (e.)  Ellen  ffoster  (fin.  iiij**)  sunt  liberi  tenentes  qui 


^  Foref runts;  cp. Ezekiel  xl.  19,  xlvii.  1. 

*^  Plantationa  of  young  trees  had  to 
be  protected  because  timber  was  be* 
coming  scarce — a  serious  matter  in  the 
days  of  wooden  ships.  In  Itfll  one  A. 
Standish  issued  **  The  Commons  Com- 
plaint, wherein  is  contained  two  special 
f^evances ;  the  firot,  the  generall  destnic- 
tion  and  waste  of  woods  in  this  Ring- 
dome,  with  a  Remedy  .  . .  ."  At  a  later 
time  the  matter  was  referred  to  a  Com- 
mittee of  the  House  of  Commons,  whose 
report,  6  May,  1771,  on  the  mean«  of 
supplying  His  Majesty's  Navy  with  tim- 
ber, showed  the  decrease  of  oak  timber, 
according  to  the  judgment  of  dealers  in 
different  counties,  one  of  whom  was 
Mr.  Shields,  of  Paoll,  in  Holdemees. 
One   of  the  witnesses  was   Dr.  Adam 


Hunter,  of  York.  The  king  ordered  a 
nursery  for  oaks,  20  acres  in  extent,  to  be 
made  in  the  Forest  of  Knaresborough. 
and  an  act  was  obtained  to  encourage  the 
growth  of  timber. — Hunter's  ed.  of  Eve- 
lyn's Sdva,  York,  1776,  pp.  100,  101. 

^^  At  the  time  of  the  Inclosure  Act  for 
NafTerton,  Wansford  and  Pockthorpe, 
1769,  William  St.  Quintin,  >:sq.,  was 
lord  of  the  manor,  and  Wm.  Layboam, 
Christopher  Layboum,  and  Christopher 
Layboum,  junior,  were  owners  of  lands 
there.  Robert  Skeme's  pedigree  is  in  the 
Visitation  of  1584.  These  references  may 
be  useful :  Chron.  Monast,  de  Melaa ; 
CataL  Cotton  MSS,,  1777,  App.  xv.  11  ; 
Lancash,  and  Cheshire  Church  Surveys, 
1879,  p.  208. 

*^  Esaon,^  excused. 


EAST  BIDING   MANORS,  1563-15:3.  77 

debeut  sectam  huic  curise  et  qui  defestum  fecaruut  atnerciati  vt  patct  in 
oapite. 


Inquicitio  de  Naffer  ton     \ 

„        „  Wansforthe  ]-  (twelve  sworn  for  each). 

n  99 


ffoston  *'      j 


defect,  m.  ij»    Ricardiis  Ouerbecke  (iiij*^)  Leonardos  Willson  (iiij^)  Geor- 

gius  Watson  (iiij'')  Georgius  Parker  (iiij'^)  Alice  Yonge 
(iiij^)  vidua,  et  Petrus  Reade,  (iiij^)  sunt  tenentes  dominse  ibidem  qui 
debent  sectam  huic  curiae  et  defectum  fccerunt  ideo  in  m.  vt  patet  in 
oapite. 


Pleas. 

Edmundus  Smithe  queritur  versus  Rolandum  Burton  in  placito  quod 
reddat  ei  xxxij"  pro  duobus  quarteriis  tritici,  defendens  comparuit  et 
dicit  quod  nihill  ei  debet  et  de  hoc  ponit  se  super  juratoi'es  de  Nafferton 
qui  inveniunt  quod  idem  defendens  debet  preedicto  querent!  x*  ideo 
defendens  in  ra. 

Nicholas  Cattenll  v.  Willielmum  Huuter,  quod  reddat  ei  xx"  quos  in 
manibus  cepit  soluendos  pro  Gilberto  Gresham,  def.  comp.  et  cognouit 
debitum,  ideo  def  in  m.,  et  prseceptum  est  balliuo  levare,  &c. 

Thomas  Hewson  v.  Johannem  Parker,  quod  reddat  ei  vnum  quarterium 
tritici  precii  x"  vj^,  def  comp.  et  dicit  quod  nihill  ei  debet,  et  de  hoc 
pouit  se  super  juratores  de  Nafferton  et  postea  concordavit,  ideo  def. 
iu  m. 

Johannes  Hanson  v.  Willielmum  Watson,  quod  reddat  ei  xviij"  vj*^ 
def.  comp.  et  dicit  quod  nihill  ei  debet . .  .  .  jur.  de  Wansforthe  in  v. 
quod  idem  def  debit  iiij*  ij**  p*d  quer.'  ideo  def.  in  m. 

Johannes  Hanson  v.  Jacobum  Halledey,  quod  reddat  ei  xxxiij"  iiij*^ 

def  comp.  et  dicit  quod  nihill  ei  debet  et  de  hoc  ponit  se  super  juratores 

de  Wansforthe  qui   petuut  diem  vsque   ad   proximam   curiam   milius 

inquirendL     Data  est  dies  interloquendL 

Thomas  Parrett  v.  Johannem  Hare,  quod  reddat  ei  ij"  yj*^  pro  vnam 

plaustratam   turbamm ;    def.    comp.,  dtcit   nihill   debet jur.    de 

Wansforthe  nihill  inv.  quer.  ideo  quer.  in  m. 

Edmundus  Smithe  v.  Thomam  Whiteheade  in  placito  transgression  is 
eo  quod  cum  porcis  suis  distruxit  granum  p'd.  quer.  ad  damnum  xxvj^ 
viij**;  def  comp.,et  dicit  quoi  non  transgressus  est  modo  et  forma ""^  .... 
jar.  de  Nafferton  inv.  quod  idem  def.  transgressus  est  modo  et  forma,  et 
taxunt  damnum  iij^ 

Idem  Edm.  Smithe  v.  Jacobum  Halledey  iu  placito  transgressionis  eo 
quod  cum  equis  suis  distruxit  granum  p'd.  quer.  ad  damnum  xx" ;  def. 
comp.,  et  dicit  quod  non . . .  . ;  jur.  p'd.  inv.  quod  idem  def.  transgressus 
est,  et  taxunt  damnum  vj<^. 

^  In  the  Inclosure  Act  for  Poston,  ancient  Water  Com  Mill  hath  btood  time 

1776,  it  is  mentioned  that  Sir  William  beyond  memory." 
St  Quintin,  Bart.,  was  lord  of  the  manor,  <^  Modo  et  forma.     See  Law  Did, 

and  that  on  the  west  beck  there,  ''an 


78  COURT-ROLLS   OF   SOME 

Idem  Edm.  Soiithe  v.  Johannem  Hare  in  placito  transgressionis  eo 
quod  cum  porcis  sals  distruxit  grannm  p'd.  quer.  ad  damuum  xx* ;  det 
comp.y  et  dicit  quod  non  .  .  .  .  ;  jur.  p'd.  inv.  quod  idem  det  trans^ressns 
est,  et  taxunt  damnum  ij*. 

Johannes  Haire  v.  Thomam  Porret,  quod  reddat  ei  rj*;  deC  comp., 
dicit  nihill  debet  .  . .  . ;  jur.  de  Wansforthe  nihill  inv.  quer.,  ideo  quer. 
in  m. 

Johannes  Bume  v.  Johannem  Haire,  quod  reddat  ei  viij*  pro  vno  et 
dimidio  vnius  plaustrat'  foeni ;  def.  comp.,  et  dicit  nihill  d&bet  .  .  .  .  ; 
jur.  de  Wansforthe  inv.  p*d.  quer.  viii**,  ideo  def.  in  m. 

Robertus  Waughe  v.  Johannem  Bennett,  quod  reddat  ei  x"  pro  redditu 
vnius  tenementi ;  def.  comp.,  et  cognovit  debitum,  ideo  in  m. 

Alicia  Rei  v.  Jacobum  Halledej,  (debt  22d.  jury  of  Wansforthe 
find  Ud.). 

Robertus  Waughe  v.  Robertum  Cawood,  in  placito  transgressionis  eo 
quod  cum  canibus  suis  occidit  diuersas  aucas  p'd.  qner.  ad  damnum 
xiij*  iiij*^ ;  de£  comp.,  et  dicit  quod  non .  . .  . ;  jur.  p'd.  inv.  quod  idem 
def.  transgressus  est,  et  taxunt  damnum  xij^. 

[Each  plea,  except  that  in  which  further  time  was  given,  is  entered  in 
the  margin  *'placitum  ij*^  "j 

Veredictum       Johannes  Whyten  (ij*)  custodit  quatuor  bestiaa  infra 

Juratorum  dominium  hie  ultra  extent' ;  Johannes  Whyten  (xij**) 
de  [Nafferton].     habuit   porcos   suos   damnum   facientes   infra  campos 

^>.  xij'  x^  seminatos  ad   damuum  vicinorum  suorum ;   Johannes 

Hewethwayte  (xx*^)  et  Robertus  Cawood  (xx**)  fregerunt 
communem  parcum  ;  Rogerus  Dixson  (xij*^)  et  Johannes  Parker  (xij<i) 
non  fecerunt  defenciones  suos  sufficientes  prout  juncti  fuerunt;  Idem 
Rogerus  Dixson  (viij**)  habuit  vitulos  damuum  facientes  infra  campos 
seminatos  ad  damnum  vicinorum  suorum  ;  Edmund  us  Smythe  (xij^) 
habuit  vnani  equam  cum  pullo  ad  largum  infra  campos  seminatos  ad 
damnum  vicinorum  suorum  ;  Willielraus  Sherpe  (iiij*^),  Willielmus  Parker 
(iiij*^),  Ricardus  Marshall  (iiij^),  et  Henricus  Snell  (iiij*^)  habuerunt  equas 
suas  damnum  facientes  infra  campos  seminatos  ad  damnum  vicinorum 
suorum. 

Georgius  Haire  (ij^)  Alicia  Yonge  (ij'^)  vidua,  Robertus  Bowsher  (ij**) 
Johannes  Cowper  (ij**)  et  Johannes  Parker  (ij^)  sunt  communes  brasiatores 
seruicia}  et  dant  domiuse  de  fin'  vt  patet  in  Ciipite.  Alicia  Smerte  (ij<^) 
vidua,  Rogerus  Dixson  (ij*^)  Dorithea  Robinson  (ij^)  et  Jacobus  Dausou 
(ij'*)  sunt  communes  pLstores  panis  humaui  et  dant  dominse  de  fin'  vt  patet 
in  capite. 

Et  dicunt  jur.  p'd.  quod  Thomas  Tayleyor  de  Lowthorpe  diu  ante 
istam  curiam  fuit  seisitus  in  dorainico  suo  vt  de  flfeodo  de  et  in  vno 
cotagio  cum  suis  pertinentiis  in  Foston  ;  Et  sic  inde  seisitus  per  testa- 
mentum  et  vltimam  voluntatem  suam  scriptam  dum  vixit  hie  in  curia 
prolatam  et  probatam  cuius  datum  est  decimo  octauo  die  Februarij  anno 
Domini  melesimo  quingentesimo  sexagesimo  dederit  et  legauerit  Georgio 
Hunter  et  Willielmo  Hodgeson  p'd.  cotagium  cum  omnibus  comodita- 
tibus  eidem  spectantibus ;  Et  quod  p'd.  cotagium  teuentur  de  hoc 
manerio  per  fidelitat'  redd,  vnius  denarij  et  sect'  curiae ;  Et  quod  p'd. 
Thomas  Tayleyor  obijt  xxj®  die  Februarij  anno  p'd. ;  Et  quod  Isabell 
Hunter  vxor  Willielmi  Hunter,  Johanna  Hodgeson  vidua,  et  Elizabetha 


EAST   RIDING    MANORS,  15C3-1573.  79 

Tenny,  et  vxor  Willielmi  Tenny  sunt  eius  sorores  et  proximi  heredes  et 
plenae  setatis,  et  dant  domiusQ  pro  Reliaio  ^^  vt  patet  in  capite. 

Johannes  Hewethwayte  et  Willielmus  More  ellecti  sunt  in  officijs 
Constabulariorum  de  anno  sequente  et  jurati. 

Johannes  Kussell  et  Thomas  Whiten  elect!  sunt  in  officiis  gustatorum 
seruicias  de  anno  sequente  et  jurati. 

Willielmus  Sherpe  electus  est  in  officio  imparcatoris  de  anno  sequente 
et  juratus. 

Veredictum     (7  cases  of  assault). 

Juratorum      Johannes  ffardiug   (iij*  iiij*^)   fregit  communem   parcum. 

de  ffoston      Augusten  Burdall  (ij^)  et  Johannes  Briggham  sunt  com- 

8.  xiiij*  viij<^.     munes   brasiatores  seruicice   et  dant  dominss  de   fin'  vt 

patet  in  capite. 

Constabularius.     Gilbert  us  Gryndall  electus  est  in  officio  constabularii 

de  anno  sequente  et  juratus. 

Gustatores    Johannes  Why  ten  et  Ricardus  Smithe  electi  sunt  in  officijs 
Seruicise.      Gustatorum  seruiciee  de  auuo  sequente  et  jurati. 

Imparcator.     Ricardus  Bowdam  electus  est  in  officio  imparcatoris  de 

anno  sequente  et  jumtus. 

Veredictum       (7  cases  of  assault). 

Juratorum        Christoferus  Burkyndayle  (ij'^),  Johannes  Hanson  (ij*^), 

de  Wansforthe     Leonard  us  White   (ij*^)  et  vxor  Glaffit  (ij*^)  sunt  com- 

8.  vij*  iiij**.        munes  brasiatores  seruiciaQ  et  dant  dominso  de  fin   vt 

patet  in  capite. 

Summa  huius  curia),  xliij^  viij^ 
vnde  in  expencis  vj'  viij** 


Napferton,  1573. 

Nafferton,     Visus  ....  dominse  Margaretse  Comitissfle  Lennox  .... 
sexto  die  Aprilis  anno  regni  Elizabetha) ....  decimo  quinto. 

Liberi  Ricardus  Hewethwayte  (essou.)  fFranciscus  Tayleyor  (xij'^), 
Tenentes  Sethe  Holme  (xij*^),  Jacobus  Kyrkbie  (esson.),  Willielmus 
Hodgeson  (esson.),  Thomas  Tompson  (esson.),  Elizabeth 
Branson  (esson.),  Alicia  Foster  (esson.),  et  Ellen  Foster  (esson.),  sunt 
liberi  tenentes  qui  debent  sectam  huic  curiae  et  qui  defectum  fecerunt 
amerciati  vt  patet  in  capite. 

ffideht*.     Ad  hanc  curiam  venit Willielmus  Glentham  et  fecit  fidelltatem 
et  sectam  curia)  pro  vno  messuagio  et  vna  bouata  terra)  cum 
pertinentiis  in  Nafferton  p'd.  qui  teucutur  de  hoc  mauerio  jure  vxuris  sua) 
per  fidelit'  redd,  iij'  j^  per  annum  et  sect'  curia). 

*'^  EeliuiOj  Relief. 


80  COUKT-ROLLS   OP   SOME 

ffidelitat'.  Ad  banc  curiam  venit  Grabriell  Cowper  et  fecit  fidelitatem 
et  sectam  ouiise  pro  vno  clauso  vocato  Erie  close  cam  diuersis 
terris  in  Kyllam  qui  nuper  perquisiuit  de  Edwardo  Whiteheade  et 
tenentur  de  hoc  manerio  per  fidelit'  redd,  iij*  vj<i  per  annum  et  sect' 
curiae. 


Constabur.     Villata  de  Nafferton  et  iiijo'  vic(ineta  ?)  eiusdem  viU*. 

„       „  ffoston  „  „  „ 

„      „  Wansfortbe  „  „  „ 


Inquicitio  de  Nafferton     \ 

„  Wansfortbe  >(12  sworn  for  eacb). 
„  Foston         ) 


»9 


Pleas. 

Isabell  Burdall  queritur  uersus  Jobannem  Donytson  in  placito  trans- 
gressionis  super  casum  **  eo  quod  vendidit  p'd.  quer.  diu  buttirum  et  non 
deliberauit  p'd.  quer.  ad  diem  limitatam  ad  damnum  p'd  quer.  v" ;  def. 
comp.,  et  concordavit  cum  quer.,  ideo  in  m. 

Adam  Rei  v.  Willielmum  Sawton,  quod  reddat  ei  dimidium  vnius 
quarterii  ffabearum  et  dimidium  vnius  quarterii  ordei  precii  x\\*,  et 
dimidium  vnius  quarterii  tritici  precii  vj"  viij*^,  et  ix"  ix*  pro  pelle  vnius 
boveir  ;  def.  comp.  et  cognouit  debitum,  ideo  in  m. 

Johannes  Hewethwayte  v.  Jobannem  Cowper  (debt,  7/«,  cognovit). 

Johannes  Parker  per  Agnetem  Parker,  attornatam  suam,  v.  Georgiura 
Watson  in  placito  transgressionis  eo  quod  cum  porcis  siiis  distruxit  fabeas 
p*d.  quer.  ad  damnum  iiij* ;  def.  comp.,  dicit  quod  non  .  .  .  . ;  jur. 
de  Nafferton  inv.  p'd.  def.  transgressus  est,  et  taxuut  damnum  xx'^ 

Agnes  Prince  v.  Alexander  Franklond,  quod  reddat  ei  viij'  pro  vado*'' 
suo;  def.  comp.,  dicit  nihill  debet  .  .  .  .  ;  jur.  de  Wansfortbe  inv. 
quod  idem  def  debit  ij'  p'd.  quer. 

Leonardus  White  v.  Jobannem  Hewetbwayte,  in  placito  transgressionis 
super  casum  eo  quod  vendidit  p'd.  quer.  tres  quarter*  tritici  et  non 
deliberatiit  p'd  quer.  ad  diem  limitatam  ad  damnum  xxxix*  xj*^ ;  def. 
comp.,  dicit  quod  non  vendidit  p'd.  quer.  triticum  p'd.  ;  ....  jur.  de 
Nafferton  inv.  quod  idem  def.  transgressus  est,  et  taxunt  damnum  iiij«. 

Cbristoferus  Bell  v.  Jacobum  Cockerell,  in  placito  transgressionis  eo 
quod  cum  equis  suis  distruxit  gramina  p'd.  quer.  ad  damnum  ij« ;  def. 
comp.,  dicit  quod  non  .  .  .  .  ;  jur.  de  Foston  inv.  quod  idem  def.  trans- 
gressus est,  et  taxunt  damnum  xij^. 

Idem  Cliristoferus  v.  Margaretam  Harrison,  in  placito  transgressionis 
eo  quod  cum  cauibus  suis  occidit  vnum  porcum  p'd.  quer.  ad  damnum 
V  ;  def.  comp.  et  dicit  quod  non  .  .  . ;  jur.  p'd.  inv.  quod  idem  def. 
transgressa  est,  et  taxunt  damnum  iiij". 

Jacobus  Cokerell  v.  Ricardum  Smitbe,  in  placito  transgressionis  eo 
quod  cum  fustibus  suis  radebat  vnum  equum  p'd.  quer.  ad  damnum 
xxvj"viij^;  def.  comp.  et  dicit  quod  non  est  culpabilis  .  .  .  .;  jur.  de 
Foston  inv.  quod  idem  def.  est  culpabilis,  et  taxunt  damnum  vj*  viij**. 

*•  Super  casum.    See  Law  Diet,  *^  Vado,  wage. 


EAST  HIDING  MANOliS,  1563-1573.  81 

Ricardiis  Smithe  v.  Jacobum  Cokerell,  in  placito  transgre&iioQis  quare 
claasum  suum  fregit  et  fabeas  siias  ibidem  crescentes  cum  equis  suis 
distroxit  ad  damnum  p'd.  quer.  v" ;  def.  comp.  et  dicit  quod  non 
.  .  .  .  ;  jur.  p'd.  dicunt  quod  idem  def.  non  transgressus  est,  ideo  quer. 
in  ra. 

Bobertiis  Hudlestone  v.  Willielmum  Sawton  (debt  5/»,  cognovit  4/6) 
[Rach  of  these  is  entered  in  the  margin  "  placitum  ij<i"]. 

Veredictum  Juratorum  )  ,,  «  ,.    .....  v 

de  ffoston,  }  (^  ^^  ^^  ^^^^^'  "y  •) 

Veredictum  Jura-      (4  cases  of  affray  and  assault) 
torum  de  Wa'sforth     Willielmus   Browne   (iiij*^)  non   escurauit   partem 
8.  ix*  iiij^  suam  de  Communi  sewera  sufficienter  prout  junctus 

fuit;  Johannes  Hare  (iiij^),  Agnes  Yonge  (iiij**) 
Tidua,  Ambrosius  Simson  (ij**)  et  Lawrencius  Skelton  (ij*^)  non  fecenmt 
defenciones  suas  sufficientes  prout  juncti  fuerunt;  Adam  Rei  (iiij^) 
obstipult  yiam  Regiu'  cum  muris  suis  ad  damnum  vicinorum  suorum  ; 
Ricanlus  Johnson  accrochiauit  sibi  de  terris  vicinorum  suorum  ;  Adam 
Rei  (xij^)  dedit  uerba  opprobria  vicinis  suis  ;  Willielmus  Bayle  (iiij*^)  non 
fedt  defenciones  suos  sufficientes  inter  se  et  vicinos  suos  prout  junctus 
fait 

Veredictum  Jura-      (a  case  of  assault) 

torum  de  Nafferton     Matheus  Wilberfosse  (v«)  et  Thomas  Marshall  (v») 
8.  xiiij*.  alter  super  alterum  fecit  afifraiam  cum  effucione 

sanguinis  contra  pacem  ;  Vxor  Thomas  Taylejor 
(iiij*),  vxor  Roberti  Gierke  (iiij^),  Agnes  Bolton  (iiij*^)  et  Alicia  Browne 
(iiij'')  fregerunt  et  asportauerunt  cepes  vicinorum  suorum  ;  Vxor  Jacobi 
^^wood  (iiij*)  dedit  uerba  opprobria  vicinis  suis ;  llicardus  Laybunie 
("ij*)  et  Agnes  Yonge  (iiij**)  non  feceruut  defenciones  suas  sufficientes 
pfout  juncti  fuerunt. 

Summa  huius  curia)  xxxj"  ij*^ 
unde  in  expencis         vj"  viij*^ 


HUNMANBY,  1572. 

Uonna'hU.     Visus  ....  dominse  Margaret©  Comitissa)  Lennox  .... 
xiiij®  die  Octobris  anno  regni  Elizabetho) .  .  .  decimo  quarto. 

S.  xiiji  yjijd  Johannes  Hammerton,  armiger  (x*),  Marmaducus  Lacie, 
armiger  (esson.),  Willielmus  Consett  (fin.  iiij^),  Robertus 
^^»  anni)]jer  (vi**),  Gabriell  Santquintyn,  armiger,  (fin.  iiij**)  Thomas 
^^^ith,  armiger,  (fin.  iiij*^),  Willielmus  Thorpe,  armiger,  (fin.  iiij**)  jure 
V^^  Buaj,  Robertus  Sheppabothome  (iiij^)  pro  terris  in  Flixston, 
'ttodacug  Constable,  armiger,  (fin.  iiij**),  Thomas  Hutchenson,  pro 
tjrns  in  Gryndall  (esson.),  Willielmus  Crake,  armiger,  pro  terris  in 
jp^tt  (mort),  Johannes  Jurdon  (co.),  Jacobus  Vavasor,  armiger, 
^J?"  iiij*),  Henricus  Bradling  jure  uxoris  sua)  (fin.  iiij*^)  Henricus 
^^^piayle  (vj*)  pro  vno  tofto  nuper  Willielmi  Wilberfosse  in  Etiston, 

^i.  X.  o 


82  COUKT-ROLLS  OF  SOME  EAST  KIDING  MANORS,  1363-1573. 


t 


Johannes  Constable  (in  gard.),^  Willielmus  ffarding  (mort.),  Thomas 
Kowsbie  (esson.),  Willielmus  Dryng,  jure  vxoris  suce  (co.),  Thomas  Coke 
CO.),  Agnes  Kotcliff  (esson.),  Johannes  Walker  (co.),  Robertus  Goodalus 
CO.),  Thomas  Warde  (co.),  Robertus  Lutton  (co.),  Thomas  Warton  (co!). 
Thomas  Hynderwell  (co.),  Johannes  Ribie  (co.),  Johannes  Harwood 
(esson.),  Petrus  Malyng  (co.),  Johannes  Nicholson  (co.),  Petrus 
Acclam  (co.),  Antonius  Childe  (co.),  Robertus  Lowson  (co.),  Willielmus 
Awmonde  (co.),  Joliannes  Jonson,  sen.  (co.),  Johannes  Jonson,  jun.  (co.), 
Robertus  Barge  (co.),  Willielmus  Mylner  (co.),  Robertus  Welbume  (co.), 
Thomas  Allatson  (co.),  Johannes  Kylling  (mort.),  Johannes  Lenge  (co.), 
et  Willielmus  Tyndayle  (esson.),  sunt  liberi  tenentes  qui  debent  sectam 
huic  curiso  et  qui  defectum  fecerunt  amerciati  vt  patet  in  capite. 


ConstabuV.     Villata  de  Honnanbie,  et  iiij®^  vic(ineta  ?)  eiusdem  vilP, 

„  Muston 
„  Fyley  et  al* 


it 
19 


Inquicitio  de  Homna'bie  (12  sworn) 
„         „  Muston  (14  sworn), 
„       .„  Filey,  Woldnewton*'  Foxholes,  et  fforden  (12  sworn). 


Pleas. 

Johannes  Barge  v.  Thomam  Richerdson,  quod  reddat  ei  viij"  pro  vno 
quarterio  bracii  (cognovit). 

Robertus  Barge  v.  Johannem  Pawling  (debt  22/",  cognovit),  Thomas 
Diccansonv.  Nicholaum  Marshall  (debt  3/«,  cognovit),  (Jeorgius  Lowson 
V.  Willielmum  Goodalus  (debt  3/8,  jury  found  2/6).  [Each  is  entered 
in  the  margin  **  placitum  ij<^."] 


^^  In  gard. ,  a  minor,  in  ward. 

*^  In  the  Inclosure  Act  for  Would 
Newton,  1772,  Humphrey  Osbaldeston. 
of  Hunmanby,  is  mentioned  as  lord  of 
the  manor,  and  a  balk,  called  the  balk 
above  the  middle  Oat,  and  the  North 
close,  are  referred  to.  The  Inclosure 
Acts  generally  Siive  the  rights  of  the  lords 
of  the  manors  to  the  seigniories  and 
royalties  belonging  to  them,  and  admit 
that  they  may  enjoy  all  rents,  services, 
courts,  perquisites  and  profits  of  courts. 


goods  and  chattels  of  felons,  and  fugitives, 
felons  of  themselves,  and  put  in  exi^nt, 
deodands,  waifs,  estrays,  and  forfeitures 
appertaining  to  the  manors.  In  1650, 
John  Mooro,  of  Knaptoft,  in  Leicester- 
shire,  dedicated  to  the  Protector  "  A 
Scripture  Word  against  Inclosure,  viz. 
Such  as  do  un-people  Townes  and  uii* 
come  Fields,  as  also  against  all  such  that 
daub  over  this  black  sinne  with  unteni- 
pered  Mortar." — Sm.  4to.,  pp.  16  ;  Bacou*8 
Apophthegms^  No.  101. 


NOTICES   OF   SCOREBY   AND  OF  THE   FAMILY   OF   BLAKE. 

By  the  Rev.  CANON  JAMES  RAINE,  M.A.,  D.C.L. 

ScoREBY  lies  to  the  south-east  of  York,  about  five  miles 
from  that  city.  After  passing  through  Walmgate  Bar,  the 
traveller  must  go  straight  on  up  the  Hull  road.  Here  there 
was  originally  a  compai-atively  small  population,  the  spiritual 
wants  of  which  were  more  than  suflBciently  provided  for  by 
the  parish  churches  of  St.  Edward,  St.  Lawrence,  and  St. 
Nicholas.  A  fragment  merely  of  the  old  church  of  St. 
Lawrence  remains ;  the  other  two  churches  have  disappeared 
altogether,  although  the  population,  the  ebb  of  which  ren- 
dered their  retention  unnecessary,  has  come  back  upon  the 
district  with  a  vast  flow.  Farther  on,  up  the  Hull  road,  you 
liave  Heslington  on  the  right,  and  reach  Grimston,  which 
was  at  one  time  graced  by  a  little  chapel  dedicated  to 
St.  Helen,  the  empress-mother  of  Constantine,  whose  name 
lingers  in  the  dedications  of  so  many  churches  and  chapels 
ia  and  about  York.  Here  you  must  again  take  the  turn  to 
the  left,  and,  leaving  the  church  and  village  of  Dunnington 
on  the  right  hand,  you  pass  along  an  ancient  road,  deeply 
sunk  in  many  places  below  the  level  of  the  fields,  with  tall 
hedgerows,  overhung  by  still  taller  trees.  You  journey  on 
in  this  way  for  several  miles  on  a  ridge,  for  the  most  part, 
of  undulating  ground,  with  views,  occasionally,  in  various 
directions.  At  last,  on  the  south  side  of  the  road,  sur- 
rounded by  rich  pasture  land,  and  embosomed  in  trees,  you 
come  to  one  of  the  farmhouses  of  Scoreby.  Below  the  house 
the  ground  falls  gradually  away  towards  the  river  Derwent 
The  southern  aspect  is  towards  Kexby,  with  long  woods  and 
plantations  fringing  the  sky.  Eastwards  your  eye  is  carried 
on  to  the  Wolds  ;  whilst  close  at  hand,  to  the  left,  is 
Stamford  Bridge,  the  Pons- belli  of  history.  You  approach 
the  bridge  by  a  road  which  leads  you,  not  through,  but  past 
the  village  of  Gate  Helmsley.     "  All  of  ya  side,  like  Gate 

o  2 


84  KOTICES   OF   SCOBEBY    A^D 

Helmsley,"  is  a  well-known  proverb,  indicating  that  the 
hamlet  lies  on  one  side  of  the  highway. 

The  manorial  house  in  Scoreby  is  situated  over  against 
Catton,  on  the  bank  of  the  Derwent,  a  residence  bearing 
some  marks  of  antiquity.     Over  the  door  is  inscribed 

K 
c  M. 
ANNO   DOMN. 

1723. 

An  eminence  near  is  called  the  Beacon  Hill.  No  light  on  it 
would  be  visible  unless  the  face  of  the  country  around  was 
treeless. 

The  little  chapel  of  Grimston  is  at  the  apex  of  a  triangle, 
two  sides  of  which  terminate  at  Stamford  Bridge  and 
Kexby  Bridge  respectively,  whilst  the  CDurse  of  the  river 
Derwent  is  its  somewhat  irregular  base.  Within  this  tri- 
angle lie  the  parish  of  Dunnington  and  a  considerable  portion 
of  the  parish  of  Catton,  consisting  of  Stamford  Bridge  West 
with  Scoreby,  and  Kexb^^ 

Kexby,  with  its  ancient  bridge  over  the  Derwent,  lies  at 
the  southern  point  of  the  triangle.  Here,  as  at  each  of  the 
other  points,  there  stood  originally  an  ancient  chapel,  this 
dedicated  to  St.  Mary,  the  place  of  which  has  now  been 
taken  by  a  parish  church,  built  and  endowed  by  the  muni- 
ficence of  the  first  Lord  Wenlock.  It  was  separated  from 
Catton  by  Act  of  Parliament,  and  the  church  was  conse- 
crated, October  12th,  1852.  Here  the  ancient  and  almost 
noble  family  of  Ughtred  resided  for  centuries.  Their  resi- 
dence can  only  be  traced  now  by  its  foundations. 

Staniford  Bridge  is  one  of  the  most  flourishing  villages  on 
the  banks  of  the  Derwent.  The  bridge,  which  gives  the 
place  its  name,  was  rebuilt  in  1725,  the  older  structure 
being  situate  a  little  higher  up  the  stream,  near  the  mill. 
Within  the  last  few  yeai-s  a  chapel  has  been  erected  for  the 
accommodation  of  the  villagers.  There  was  one  in  the 
village  in  early  times,  dedicated  to  St.  Edmund.  This  was 
allowed  to  fall  into  decay  in  the  latter  part  of  the  sixteenth 
century  ;  but  part  of  it,  in  Chapel  Garth,  was  visible  in  1861. 

Scoreby  is  in  the  parish  of  Catton,  which  lias  the  follow- 
ing townships  :    liOw  Catton,  with  an  acreage  of  1,345a. 


OF   THE    FAMILY   OF   BLAKE.  85 

2r.  39p.  ;  High  Catton,  1,697a.  1r.  30p.  ;  Stamford  Bridge 
East,  1,121a.  3r.  6p.  On  the  other  side  of  theDerwent  are 
Stamford  Bridge  West  and  Scoreby,  1,944a.  3r.  7p.  ;  and 
Kexby,  1,891a.  3r.  24p.  ;  the  total  acreage  of  the  parish 
being  8,002a.  1r.  20p. 

The  raother-church  of  Catton,  in  which  the  owners  and 
tenants  of  fc'coreby  worshipped,  is  an  ancient  building,  pre- 
senting some  interesting  features.  The  interior  was  for  a 
long  while  in  a  sad  state  of  neglect  and  decay,  chiefly 
through  the  inattention  of  a  non-resident  rector,  who  was 
permitted  to  retain  the  Hving  from  1814  to  1859,  and 
scarcely  ever  set  liis  foot  in  the  place.  He  was  famous  for 
liis  wit,  and  for  the  invention  of  a  new  means  of  locomotion, 
which  he  called,  after  himself,  the  "  Stanhope.''  He  was 
succeeded  by  a  dear  friend  of  my  own,  Henry  Gardiner,  a 
gentle,  scholar-like  man  ;  who,  among  other  literary  works, 
brought  out  a  new  edition  of  the  '*  lteho;io  Medici''  of  Sir 
Thomas  Browne.  Mr.  Gardiner  did  much  to  restore  the 
waste  places  :  under  his  care  the  nave  of  the  church  was 
restored,  and  a  rectory-house  and  school  built ;  and  then, 
when  eagerly  hopeful  for  still  better  things,  he  was  suddenly 
Ctilled  away  to  his  rest,  in  York,  in  April,  1864.  As  a 
memorial  of  his  work  and  goodness,  his  pious  sisters  re- 
stored the  chancel  of  the  church,  and  so  the  work  was 
complete. 

There  is  little  of  note  in  the  way  of  monuments  in  the 
church,  and  nothing  relating  to  Scoreby.  A  single  memorial 
(»f  a  Headlam  of  Kexby,  a  brass-plate  commemorating 
Thomas  Teyll  in  1591,  and  several  monuments  of  the  Wrights 
of  Stamford  Bridge,  are  to  be  seen.  During  the  restora- 
tion of  the  nave,  as  Mr.  Gardiner  told  me,  a  large  wood 
coffin  was  found,  cut  out  of  one  tree,  in  which  there  was  a 
skeleton  with  the  head  laid  upon  the  breast.  Mr.  Gardiner 
thought  that  this  might  have  been  what  remained  of  Hot- 
spur. The  place  in  which  the  coffin  was  found  was  called 
tlie  "  lord's  aisle,"  and  the  lord  at  Catton  was  always  the 
head  of  the  great  house  of  Percy.  Hotspur's  mutilated 
remains  are  said  to  have  been  laid  at  last  to  rest  in  York 
Minster.     Beyond  this  we  know  nothing. 

The  manor  of  Scoreby  is,  as  we  have  seen,  with  Stamford 
Bridge  West,  the  largest  township  in  the  parish  of  Catton. 
The  manor  was  originally  part  of  the  possessions  of  the 


86  NOTICES   OF   SCOREBY   AND 

family  of  Percy,  and  a  member  of  their  great  barony  ot 
SpoflForth.  It  was  for  a  time  in  the  possession  of  Anthony 
Bek,  the  famous  Bishop  of  Dm-ham.  In  the  42nd  ot 
Edward  III.  it  is  stated  that  Peter,  son  and  heir  of 
Robert  de  Percy,  lord  of  Wharram  Percy,  had  died,  leaving 
an  only  daughter  and  heir,  Eustachia,  who  married  Walter  de 
Heslerton,  carrying  Scoreby  with  her  as  part  of  her  dowry. 
Upon  the  death  of  Walter  de  Heslerton,  her  only  child^ 
Scoreby  reverted  to  Henry  de  Percy,  lord  of  Spofforth,  of 
the  main  Une.  In  the  15th  century,  Scoreby  was  in  the 
possession  of  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  at  whose  death  it  was 
forfeited  to  the  Crown.  It  was  given  by  Henry  VIII.  to  his 
illegitimate  son,  Henry,  Duke  of  Richmond  and  Somerset, 
who  died  of  the  sweating  sickness  at  SherifFhutton  Castle. 
Afterwards  it  was  vested  in  Queen  Elizabeth,  in  right  of  the 
Duchy  of  York.  I  do  not  know  when  it  passed  away  from 
the  Crown.  In  the  last  century  it  was  the  property  of 
Mr.  Mark  Kirk  by  of  Hull,  a  wealthy  merchant,  and  an 
ancestor  of  Sir  Tatton  Sykes.  It  passed  subsequently  into 
the  hands  of  John  Wood,  Esq.,  M.P.  for  Preston,  and  Re- 
corder of  York,  who  died  at  Bath  in  1876,  aet.  66.  Mr.  Wood 
planted  the  fir-woods  on  the  estate  ;  and  among  them,  sur- 
rounded by  curious  shrubs  in  an  American  garden,  he 
erected  a  house  on  the  lower  part  of  the  estate,  nearer  to 
Kexby,  in  which  he  frequently  resided.  The  late  Lord 
Brougham,  when  a  member  of  the  Northern  Circuit,  used 
always  to  visit  him  there  at  the  time  of  the  assizes.  Mr. 
Wood  sold  Scoreby,  and  it  was  purchased  for  Albert  Lord 
Londesbrough,  who  removed  many  of  the  choice  shrubs 
and  pines  to  his  domain  of  Grimston,  where  they  perished 
in  the  following  winter  through  the  action  of  a  frost  of 
unusual  severity.  Stamford  Bridge  West,  completing  the 
township,  belongs  to  Sir  James  Walker. 

Whilst  the  manor  was  in  the  hands  of  the  Crown,  it  was 
under  the  charge  of  bailiffs  and  feodaries.  In  the  15th 
century  it  was  leased,  under  the  Crown,  by  a  family  of  the 
name  of  Blake.  The  name  is  not  a  Yorkshire  one.  The 
Blakes  may,  perhaps,  have  come  from  Leicestershire,  if  we 
may  draw  an  inference  from  a  statement  in  the  will  of  Wm, 
lilake  in  1526,  the  first  of  the  name  that  occurs  in  the  York 
Registry.  The  Blakes  became  the  farmers  of  the  estate,  and 
acquired  some  worldly  substance,  without  raising  themselves 


OP  THE  FAMILY  OF  BLAKE.  87 

• 

to  a  place  even  among  the  minor  gentry  of  the  neighbour- 
hood. 

We  derive  our  knowledge  of  the  Blakes  of  Scoreby  ahnost 
entirely  from  the  very  valuable  information  which  is  afforded 
by  ancient  wills.     On  March  16th,  1525-6,  Wm.  Blake,  of 
Scoreburgh,  yeoman,  makes  his  will,  desiring  to  be  interred  in 
some  consecrated  ground  wherever  he  may  cliance  to  die. 
To  the  fabric  of  the  church  of  Catton  he  leaves  6s,  8d.     To 
his  curate  at  Catton   (using  the  old  meaning  of  the  word, 
curate),  to  pray  for  his  soul,   12d,     To  each  of  the  four 
Orders  of  Friars  Mendicants  at  York,  25.     His  executrix  is 
to  cause  a  trental  of  masses  (i.e.  thirty)  to  be  celebrated  at 
the  altar  of   the  Scala  Cceli,  in  the  conventual  church  of 
the  Augustinian  Friars  in  York,  for  his  soul,  those  of  liis 
parents,  aud  all  the  faithful  dead,  and  for  the  soul  of  a  tanner 
somotimelivingin  the  town  of  Louj2:hborough  (we  should  like 
much  to  have  this  explained).     To  twelve  poor  persons,  in 
honour  of  the  twelve  Apostles,  id.  each.   (It  was  customai-y  to 
make  the  number  thirteen,  adding  Our  Lord.)     To  every 
man-servant  with  him  at  the  time  of  his  death,  I2d.     To 
every  woman-servant,  6d.  To  Margaret  Jenctson,  his  damsel, 
towards  her  marriage,  31.  6s.  8d.     To  Richard  Remington, 
his  wife's  son,  in  full  payment  of  his  child's  portion,  I2d. 
To  Dan  Thomas  Remington,  for  the  same  reason,  12d.     To 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  Wm.  Gilbarno  of  Sliipton,  for  her  child's 
portion,  12c?.  It  seems  plain  that  the  testator's  wife  had  been 
previously  married  to  a  person  of  the  name  of  Remington,  by 
whom  she  had  three  children.     To  Dan  Wm.  Driver,  Rector 
of  Elvington,  35.  id.     To  Thomas  Porter  of  Kexby,  36'.  id. 
The  residue  to  Joan  his  wife,  to  whom,  <is  well  as  to  his  sons, 
rhomas,  Anthony,  Robert,  and  Francis  Blake,  he  leaves  his 
farm  of  Scoreby  in  accordance  with  the  terms  mentioned  in  his 
lease  from  the  King.     Witnesses,   Wm.  Driver,  clerk,  Thos. 
Porter,  Thos.  Dighton,  and  others.     (Pr.  17  Apr.  1526,  and 
admon«  granted  to  the  widow.) 

It  appears,  therefore,  that  William  Blake  left  four  sons 
behind  him,  Thomas,  Anthony,  Robert,  and  Francis  Blake. 
Of  these,  three  seem  to  have  been  farmers,  the  other  w\is 
canon -residentiary  of  York  and  vicar  of  Doncaster.  Before 
speaking  of  the  ecclesiastic,  it  will  be  the  best  plan  to  give 
some  notices  of  his  three  lay  brothers, 


88  NOTICES   OF   SCOREBY   AND 

Thomas  Blake,  of  Catton  Park,  the  eldest  brotlier,  seems 

to  have  been  a  farmer  on  the  Percy  estate.     By  his  will  d. 

3Ist  Aug.,  and  proved  6th  Sept.,  1566,  he  desired  "to  be 

buried  as  his  ex"  shall  thinke  good.     To  Edwarde,  sonne  of 

Thos.    Hadlesey    jlIL   and   all   my   land   in   Reapon.      To 

Christofer,  sonne  of  Thomas  Luge,  xli.    To  Robert  Bhike  one 

ambling  meare  and  iij7i.      To  George  Blake,  Thos.  Blake  of 

Yorke,  Mawde,  Henry,  and  Anthony  Blake,  each  xx5.     To 

every  girse  house  in  the  towne  \]d.  ...  I  bequithe  the  ferm- 

hold  of  Cathwet  to  Thomas  Hadlesay,  willing  him  to  gyve 

owte  every  yeare  to  Mawde  Luge  children  y\s.  ;  and,  yf  it 

chance  the   said  Thomas  to  die,  then  I  will  that  Edward 

his  Sonne  shall  have  the  rest  of  my  yeares.     To  William 

Hasill,  my  servaunt,  the  West-close,  unto  our  Ladie  Daye, 

without  any  farme  painge.      The  rest  to  Thomas  Hadlesay 

and  Thomas  Luge  {i.e.  Lodge) ;  they  ex"  for  to  order  the  rest 

of  my  goodes  for  the  healthe  of  my  soull.     Recordes  George 

Blake  and  Thomas  Acreth,  clarke  and  curet  there,  withe 

Robert  Blake  and  other  mo.'' 

It  is  evident  from  this  will  that  the  testator  was  a  Roman 
Catholic.  The  document  was  probably  drawn  up,  as  well 
as  witnessed,  by  Thomas  Acreth,  the  curate  or  rector  of 
Catton,  whose  liking  for  the  old  state  of  things  was  no- 
torious. He  resigned  the  living  on  July  9th,  1574.  In  Jan. 
1577-8  he  was  brought  before  H.M.  Commission  for  Eccle- 
siastic Causes  at  York.  '  He  being  a  preist,  neither  ministreth 
the  Sacraments,  nor  cometh  to  the  church,  nor  receiveth 
the  communion,  and  standeth  excommunicate,  and  diss- 
wadeth  others  from  the  church.  He  saieth  masses  in  corners, 
for  he  shoulde  have  saide  masse  for  the  conjuration  proposed 
by  Learmouth  &  Thorpe.'  At  the  same  time  *  Janet  Langdale 
of  Sancton,  wife  of  —  Langdale,  who  fled  to  Rome,'  is  charged 
with  harbouring  Acreth,  who  is  called  a  popish  priest.  Acreth 
all  this  time  was  of  the  Order  of  Barefooted  Friars,  and  was 
sent  to  York  Castle  through  this  charge,  and,  afterwards,  to 
the  Blockhouse  at  Hull,  where  he  died  in  1585.  Another 
person  of  the  same  name  and  creed,  John  Akrig,  died  at  Hull 
in  the  same  year  in  the  Blockhouse.  He  was  a  native  of 
Richmond,  and  was  a  cousin  of  Thos.  Akrig  of  Richmond, 
priest,  who  died  in  1561.  (See  "Richmond  Wills,"  149  ; 
**  Troubles  of  our  Catholic  Forefathers,"  3rd  Ser.,  315-16.) 
On  Apr.   7th,  1578,  the  following  complaint  was  lodged 


OF   THE   FAMILY   OP   BLAKE.  J- 9 

beforo  the  Commissioaers  of  York  against  Acretli's  successor 
at  Catton  : — 

"  Appeared  divers  the  parishioners  of  Cattou  «k  inhabitants  of  Stanford 
brigges  oompleyninge  against  the  Curate  for  not  ministeringe  unto  them 
at  Easter  last  ;  &,  also,  the  Ciii*ate  appeared.  Order  is  taken  that  so 
many  of  the  said  inhabitantes  as  can  saye  the  Lorde's  Praier,  the 
Articles  of  the  faith,  &  Tenne  Commandements  shall  receve  the  Com- 
miiuion  u|K)n  Sonday  next,  <k  Sondaio  come  seven  nighte,  at  the  handes 
of  the  said  mynister.  And  the  Curate  is  admonished  to  use  himself 
(iiscretelie  amongest  his  parishonera." 

The  offender  seems  to  have  been  some  one  temporarily  in 
charge  of  the  living  and  parish.  On  Dec.  27th,  1578, 
Walter  Gibson  was  inst.  to  the  rectory  ;  and  was  succeeded, 
on  Apr.  I7th,  1592,  by  Thos.  Pearson. 

It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  the  spiritual  condition  of  the 
whole  parish  of  Catton  must  have  been  at  a  very  low  ebb 
when  the  late  rector,  Acreth,  was  a  Barefooted  Friar,  and  his 
successor  a  hireling  who  neglected  his  charge.  And  it  is  not 
to  Acreth's  credit  to  find  that  on  June  22nd,  1544,  just 
when  things  were  changing  so  fast,  he  leased  the  rectory 
for  sixty  years  to  John  Rowse,  gen.,  one  of  the  servants  of 
the  Duice  of  Suffolk.  It  is  very  strange  that  a  lease  like  this 
should  have  been  sanctioned  at  all. 

Robert  Blake,  the  third  brother,  was  also  a  farmer,  and, 
after  the  death  of  his  brother  Francis,  held  the  lease  of 
Scoreby  under  the  Crown. 

"June  17,  1573.  Robert  Blaiko.  To  be  buried  in  the  cburche  of 
Catton.  I  will  that  all  my  debttes  bo  paid  oute  of  tlie  lease  of  Skorebye. 
To  Mai^garet,  my  wyf,  all  that  whicha  is  in  the  close tt  tliat  she  and  I 
did  lye  in.  To  Anne  Woulf  the  great  longe  footed  potte.  To  Mawd 
Blaike  the  next  best  potte,  <S:  tlie  newe  bedstead  that  is  in  the  worke- 
hoiise,  withe  the  teastour,  &>  one  bedstead  in  the  chamber.  To  John 
Norman,  in  full  recompence  of  his  childe's  porcion,  iij/i.  vj*.  viij^.,  and 
one  white  rigged  cowe.  To  Hughe  Blake  my  best  horse,  or  meare, 
whether  he  will.  To  Anthonye  Blaike  my  best  cloke.  To  Edraunde 
Woulf  one  yearynge  calf.  I  will  tliat  foui-e  of  the  poorest  children  of 
the  towne  be  cladd  at  Michelmes  withe  foure  white  coottes  ...  To  every 
cue  of  my  wyffe*8  dough ters,  every  one  of  them  a  chesto  of  the  best 
hordes  ...  I  will  that  Anthonye,  Hewe,  Anne,  and  Mawde,  my  children, 
shall  shifte  all  thinges  in  the  house  ;  and  that  Hewe,  Anthonye,  & 
Mawdcy  &  my  wyf  shall  have  my  fermhold  at  Catton,  wherein  I  do  dwell, 
during  my  wyfe's  widdowhead,  and,  when  she  dothe  marrye,  she 
to  haTC  my  house  at  Wilberfosse  duringe  her  lyfe,  paynge  to  George 
Blaike  iiijd  by  yeare,  and  not  to  mell  any  further  with  any  parte  of  my 


90  NOTICES   OP   SCOREBY  AND 

fermhold  at  Catton,  but  then  George  Blaiko  to  enter  and  have  it ;  &, 
after  my  wyfe's  decease,  my  house  at  Wilberfosse.  I  will  that  George 
Blaike  shall  have  two  fermholdes  at  Wilberfosse  nowe  beinge  in  traves, 
yf  they  be  recovered.  The  residewe  to  Margaret  my  wyf,  George,  Hewe, 
Anthonye,  Anne,  &  Mawde  Blaike  my  children  . .  .  they  ex".  To  Robert 
Wulf  &  George  Blake  the  tuiciou  of  Robert  Blake,  sonne  of  Frauncis 
Blake,  during  his  nonaige.  (Pr.  3  July,  1573 ;  adm.  to  Marg*,  Hugh  & 
Matilda  Blake.) " 

Documents  like  the  foregoing  give  a  lifelike  picture  of  a 
person's  social  position  and  tastes.  Four  poor  children  were 
to  have  coats  or  cloaks  of  white  leather,  or  sheepskin,  to 
keep  them  warm  over  the  next  winter.  Each  of  his  wife's 
daughters  (by  an  earlier  husband)  was  to  have  a  chest 
given  her,  probably  to  keep  her  linen  in,  but  some  one 
else  was  to  fill  it  for  her.  His  own  linen  would  be  for 
his  own  children. 

About  Hugh  Blake,  one  of  the  testator's  sons,  a  curious 
tale  is  told.  The  owner  of  the  neighbouring  estate  of 
Kexby,  towards  the  close  of  this  century,  was  Dorothy, 
widow  of  John  Constable,  a  younger  son  of  Sir  Robert 
Constable  of  Everingham.  She  was  the  only  child  and 
heiress  of  Sir  Robert  Ughtred  of  Kexby,  and  the  sole  rem- 
nant of  that  very  ancient  and  honourable  house.  For  ex- 
travagance and  outrageous  conduct  she  gained  an  unhappy 
notoriety.  In  Jan.,  1576-7,  she  was  arrested  by  the  pur- 
suivants of  the  High  Commission  at  York  and  was  com- 
mitted to  the  New  Counter.  On  Feb.  24th,  one  John 
Derrick  was  apprehended  and  committed  to  Peter  prison. 
He  was  charged  with  marrying  Mrs.  Constable  of  Kexby, 
having  a  former  wife  then  living.  About  the  same  time 
Mrs.  Constable  was  charged  with  rescuing  and  sheltering 
a  person  of  the  name  of  Francis  Ibson  of  Catton,  who  had 
been  arrested  at  the  instance  of  the  Commission  by  Chr. 
Overend,  the  constable  of  Kexby.  Bhike  was  charged  with 
coming  out  of  the  house  at  midnight  and  threatening  the 
oflBcers  with  a  drawn  dagger  and  staff,  and,  afterwards,  with 
carrying  Ibson  off  to  Nunburnholme.  Blake  in  his  reply 
endeavoured  to  remove  the  blame  from  his  own  shoulders  to 
those  of  the  officers,  saying  that  he  had  come  to  Kexby 
as  a  suitor  for  one  of  Mrs.  Constable's  daughters.  That 
lady  seems  to  have  died  at  London  in  1599.  In  her  will 
she  sa^^s  that  she  was  "  troubled  in  minde,"  and  well  she 
might  be,  for  she  had  brought  ruin  and  disgrace  upon  her 


OP   THE   FAMILY   OF   BLAKE.  91 

name.     There  were  few  families  at  one  time  in  Yorkshire 
better  known  and  honoured  than  that  of  Ughtred. 

FuANCis  Blake  of  Scoreby  was  the  youngest  of  the  four 
brothers,  and  the  first  to  be  taken  away.  We  owe  our 
acquaintance  with  him  to  his  will  dated  June  20th  and  proved 
Oct.  4th,  1563.  Francis  had  made  his  way  in  the  world 
more  than  either  of  his  lay-brothers.  The  preamble  in  his 
will  is  identical  with  that  in  the  will  of  his  brother  Anthony, 
by  whose  pen  it  was  in  all  probability  drawn  up.  I  give  an 
abstract  of  the  bequests,  etc.,  made  in  the  words  of  the 
original. 

"  First,  as  tochinge  Marye,  my  wyf,  witho  whom  I  am  coupled  in  the 
feare  of  God  and  in  the  honorable  state  of  wedlocke,  I  gyve  and  bequithe 
unto  her  all  my  {)arte  and  porcion  of  Scorebie  Feildes  during  hir  widow- 
heade  ;  and,  yf'she  fortune  to  marye,  or  after  hir  dejmrture  out  of  this 
transitorie  world,  than  I  will .  .  .  Scorebie  Feildes  to  Thomas  Blake,  my 
eldeste  sonne  ;  and  yf  yt  fortune  the  said  Thomas  Blake  to  dye  without 
yssue  of  a  sone  ...  to  William  Blake,  my  sonne  ...  to  Robert  Blake, 
my  sonne  ...  to  that  childe  where  withe  my  wyf  is  now  conceyved,  yf 
it  be  a  sonne  . .  .  and  they  not  to  sell  or  alienate  ...  To  Thomas,  my 
sonne,  my  fermoldes,  (that  is  to  saye,)  Cathwiche,  Suton  Marsshe,  and 
Girscarre,  duringe  the  tyme  of  my  wyf  widowhead ;  and  at  suche  tymo 
as  the  said  Thomas,  my  sonne,  shall  enter  into  and  eujoye  the  said  parte 
and  porcion  of  Scorbie  Feildes  .  .  .  then  (my  other  children)  to  enjoy 
them.  To  William  &  Robert,  my  sones,  and  the  child  (unborn)  my 
parte  .  .  .  whiche  I  have  of  Mr.  Richard  Bell  ^  of  &  in  the  tythes  of 
Rawcliff,  Mylbye,  &  Hunburton.  To  the  said  Mr.  Boll  one  pece  of  gold 
of  XXX&  now  in  the  custodie  of  my  wyf,  to  be  delivered  unto  hym  at  the 
sealinge  of  one  covenaunte  for  th'  assumince  of  the  moyte  ...  of  the 
tithes  .  .  .  unto  .  .  .  my  sonnes,  etc.  To  Thomas  Blake,  my  sonne,  one 
cotage  house  within  the  towne  of  Rippon.  To  Maude  Blake,  my 
doughter,  my  interest  ...  in  a  close  called  Chalforthe  close  in  the  lord- 
shipe  of  Kexbie.  To  Anne  Blake,  my  doughter,  a  cople  of  stottes,  and 
the  best  girdle  that  was  hir  mother's.  To  Mawde,  my  doughter,  one 
other  gyrdle  that  was  hir  mother's.  Also  I  will  that  sex  poundes  in 
money  shalbe  distributed  and  gevin  within  certayne  townes  beyngo 
nyghe  unto  Scorbe,  to  the  releife  of  the  poore,  at  the  discrecion  of  my 
supervisors.  To  Robert  Johnson  of  Catton,  every  yeare  duringe  his  lyf, 
viij(/.  To  Robert  Barker  of  Standforthe  brigges  ijs.  To  every  one  of  my 
men  servauntes  ij«.  To  John  Benson,  my  servauut,  xs,  I  will  that  my 
wyf  shall  have  the  tuition  of  all  my  children  that  is  now  under  aige  and 
there  goodes,  during  hir  widowheade  .  . .  and  after  that  she  do  marye 

1  This  leaae  was  long  in  the  possession  Eliz.,  for  21  years,  payins;  a  yearly  rent 

of  the  fiaimily  of  Bell.    Kichard  Bell  had  of  £1 8.      It  was  renewed  to  him  31st 

dold  to  the  testator  a  share  in  it.      The  March,  23rd  Eliz. 
lease  was  made  to  him  23id  June,  6th 


92  NOTICES   OF   SCOREBY   AND 

or  departe  oute  of  this  world,  then  I  will  that  Robert  Blaike,  my 
brother,  shall  have  the  tiiicion  of  Robert,  my  sonne  .  .  .  Heurye 
Remyngton  that  of  William  my  sonne  ...  &  yf  it  fortune  that  child 
wheare  withe  my  wif  is  now  conceyved  to  be  a  sonne,  that  Mr.  Anthony 
Blaike,  mj  brother,  one  of  the  canon  reside ncionaries  of  Yorke,  shall  havo 
the  tuition  .  .  .  William  Alynne,  of  the  citie  of  Yorke,  marchaunt,  the 
tuition  of  Mawde,  my  donghter  ;  <fe  Marye,  my  wyf,  the  tuition  of 
Dorothie,  my  doughter,  <k  of  the  child  (unborn)  yf  yt  be  a  doughter. 
The  rest ...  to  my  wyf  &  children — they  ex"  .  .  .  my  bro^  Mr.  Anthotiye 
Blaike,  Robert  Blaike  my  brother,  Ilenrie  Remyngton,  <fe  Wm.  Alynne, 
supervisors.  To  Wm.  Blake,  my  sone,  all  my  interest ...  in  two  closes 
in  the  lordshipp  of  Kexbie,  called  Over  Cawood  close,  <fe  Cell  close,  for 
the  assurances  of  the  whiche  two  closes  John  Constable  of  Kexbie  Hall 
gentilman  standithe  bounden.  My  soune-in-lawe  Thomas  Hadlesey  40/. 
in  mariage,  whiche  I  did  covenaunte  withe  hym.  In  witnes,  1  most 
hartelie  desire  Mr.  Ric'  Bell,  secretorie  to  the  right  honorable  Earle  of 
Rutland  lord-president  of  the  Northe,  Sir  Robert  Typpinge,  one  of  the 
vicars  corall  of  the  cathedrall  churche  of  Yorke,  James  Mathew  phisiciou, 
William  Gybson  ...  to  beare  wittnes.'' 

It  may  be  inferred  that  the  will  was  signed  in  York,  where 
the  witnesses  would  be  at  hand — probably  in  his  brother's 
house.  The  Secretary  of  the  President  of  the  Council  in  the 
North  was  an  important  personage.  The  testator  would  have 
an  opportunity  of  consulting  his  physician  about  his  health 
as  well  as  of  getting  his  signature  to  his  will.  It  was  a  five 
miles  ride  from  York  to  Scoreby. 

All  these  carefully  arranged  trusts  and  wardships  to  per- 
petuate a  family  and  secure  the  testator  s  lands  were  frus- 
trated. I  cannot  trace  the  history  of  the  sons  except  finding 
that  Wm.  Blake  was  the  apprentice  of  Robert  Beckwith  of 
York,  goldsmith,  in  1584.  But  before  the  close  of  the  cen- 
tury I  observe  from  a  MS.  Survey  of  the  Percy  estates  in 
Yorkshire,  now  in  my  possession,  that  all  the  sons  of  Francis 
Blake  were  then  dead,  and  thnt  his  heirs  were  Anne,  his 
daughter,  wife  of  Thomas  Haddlesey  (of  South  Duffield,  in 
the  par.  of  Hemingbrough),  and  Matilda,  his  daughter,  wife 
of  Thomas  Lodge,  of  Riccall,  sometime  a  tradesman  in  the 
parish  of  All  Saints,  Pavement,  York. 

The  four  brothers  had  a  sister,  Agnes,  who  married 
Richard  Remington,  who  seems  to  have  been  a  ward  of  Wm. 
Blake  her  father,  he  having  married  Remington's  mother. 
Agnes,  in  her  will,  dated  Sept.  22,  and  proved  Dec.  18, 
1556,  was  residing  as  a  widow  at  Stamford-bridge.  She 
desires  to  be  buried  in  the  church  of  Catton  ;  and  mentions 


OF  THE  FAMILY  OF  BLAKE.  93 

her  brothers  Thos.,  Robert,  and  Francis  Blake.  To  her 
daughter  Isabel  she  leaves  her  "best  beides  and  crokes." 
To  her  daughter  Margaret  "  a  new  ten  shilling  ball  in  my 
purse."  To  her  children  Robert,  John,  George,  Henry, 
Richard,  Isabel  and  Margaret,  she  leaves  £60  in  the  custody 
of  her  son  John,  to  whom  she  bequeathed  £100.  "  If  it 
please  God  to  send  my  son  Roberto  home  "  he  shall  have  the 
reversion  of  her  lands.  Here  the  mother  touches,  no  doubt, 
a  sad  chord !  Robert  never  came  home  :  and  John  repre- 
sented the  family,  which  took  its  place  among  the  Yorkshire 
reentry,  and  entered  a  pedigree  at  the  Visitation  of  1612. 
John  was  the  father  of  Sir  Robert  Remington  of  Saxby,  in 
Lincolnshire  ;  George  married  a  Hungate  of  Saxton  ;  whilst 
llichard  became  archdeacon  of  the  East  Riding,  and  married 
a  daughter  of  his  diocesan,  Matthew  Hutton,  Archbishop 
of  York. 

Anthony  Blake,  the  second  of  the  four  brothers,  and  the 
most  conspicuous  of  them,  whom  I  have  reserved  to  the  last, 
comes  now  before  us.  He  received  a  University  education, 
taking  the  degrees  of  M.A.  and  B.D.,  and,  perhaps,  entered 
into  Holy  Orders  when  he  was  in  residence  at  Oxford  or 
Cambrido;e.  I  have  looked  in  vain  for  his  name  amono^  the 
Ordination  lists  preserved  at  York. 

The  first  benefice  to  which  he  seems  to  have  been  pre- 
ferred was  the  important  vicarage  of  Doncaster,  then  in  the 
patronage  of  the  Abbot  and  Convent  of  St.  Marys,  York. 
To  this  he  was  instituted  on  Dec.  17, 1534,  paying  a  pension 
to  his  predecessor.  On  Jan.  2,  1538-9,  he  was  made  Rural 
Dean  of  Doncaster.^  On  Aug.  12, 1539,  there  is  a  statement 
in  the  records  of  the  borough  of  Doncaster  that  the  Vicar 
and  George  Monson,  Rector  of  Clayworth,  Notts,  were  each 
bound  in  two  sureties  before  the  mayor  to  keep  the  peace 
towards  each  other.  What  the  nature  of  the  squabble  was 
we  are  not  told.  There  had  probably  been  some  hard 
words  and  threats,  unseemly  even  in  laymen. 

On  April  19, 1550,  Blake  was  instituted  to  another  living, 
which  he  held  in  plurality,  the  rectory  of  Whiston,  near 
Rotherham,  to  which  he  was  presented  by  Francis  Earl  of 
Shrewsbury.     He  is  said  also  in  Newcome's  "  History  of 

^  Kobin80D*s  Soaith,  p.  107. 


94  NOTICES  OF  SCOREBY  AND 

St.  Alban's"  to  have  been  rector  of  East  Barnet  before 
1553  (386). 

At  the  time  of  his  Ordination,  no  alteration  in  the  form  of 
the  reh'gious  worship  in  the  country  had  been  made ;  but 
Blake  changed  his  opinions  with  Henry  VIIL,  and,  like 
many  others  of  his  cloth,  took  to  himself  a  wife  when  he. 
thought  himself  authorized  to  do  so.  When  Mary  came  to 
the  throne,  in  1553,  the  position  of  what  we  may  call  the 
conforming  clergy  was  anything  but  pleasant  to  them.  On 
the  4  th  of  October,  Holgate,  archbishop  of  York,  was  com- 
mitted to  the  Tower,  and  was  deprived  before  many  months 
had  expired.  Various  ecclesiastics  sought  safety  in  flight  to 
foreign  countries.  The  Queen,  however,  paused  a  little 
before  she  took  measures  with  the  clergy  in  general.  On 
the  4th  of  March,  1553-4,  she  sent  a  series  of  Articles  into 
the  dioceses,  which  were  received  at  York  by  the  chapter, 
the  see  being  vacant,  and  carried  into  effect  by  them.  The 
Articles  authorize  the  deprivation  of  clerks  guilty  of  mis- 
conduct, or  heresy,  and  those  also  who  were  married  '*  con- 
trary to  the  state  of  there  order,  and  the  laudable  custome 
of  the  Churche."  The  authorities  are  desired  to  "  use  more 
lenitye  &  clemencye  with  suche  as  have  been  maried,  whose 
wyves  be  deade,  then  with  other  whose  women  do  yet 
rema^'ne  in  lief;  and,  likewise,  suche  prestos  as  with  the 
consente  of  there  wieves  or  women  openlio  in  the  presence 
of  the  Bushop  do  professe  to  absteyne,  to  be  used  more 
favorablye  ;  in  whiche  case,  after  pennaunce  effectuallie  done, 
the  Bushop  .  .  .  may  receyve  &  adraytte  them  agayne  to 
there  former  administracion,  so  it  be  not  in  the  same  place, 
appointinge  them  suche  a  porcion  to  lyve  upon,  to  be  paid 
oute  of  there  said  benefice  whereof  they  be  depryved." 
There  is  a  special  injunction  not  only  to  divorce  "  religious 
men  havinge  soliempnlye  professed  chastitie"  from  their 
wives,  but  to  take  their  livings  away  from  tliem  as  well. 

The  chief  offender  in  the  diocese  of  York,  Archbishop 
Holgate,  had  already  been  removed,  and  committed  to 
prison.  Holgate  had  not  only  been  a  Gilbertine  monk  and 
the  Prior  of  Watton,  but  he  had  also  taken  to  himself  a  wife, 
who,  as  it  was  asserted,  had  been  previously  contracted  to 
some  one  else.  It  was  not  probable,  therefore,  that  any 
consideration  would  be  shown  to  him. 

I  have  taken  the  trouble  to  make  out  the  list,  as  far  as 


OF   THE   FAMILY   OF   BLAKE.  95 

the  York  registers  show  it,  of  those  who  were  deprived  of 
their  benefices  under  the  Articles  of  Mary. 

Eight  prebendaries  of  York  head  the  Hst,  viz.,  Robert 
Watson,  preb.  of  Strensall ;  Henry  Williams,  preb.  of 
Fridaythorpe ;  Miles  Wilson,  preb.  of  UUeskelf;  Thos. 
Cottesford,  preb.  of  Apesthorpe  ;  Lawrence  Saunders, 
preb.  of  Botevaunt ;  Thos.  Wilson,  preb.  of  Bilton,  and 
Mr.  of  St.  John's  Hospital,  Ripon,  and  Vicar  of  Silkeston  ; 
Wm.  Claybrough,  preb.  of  Ampleforth,  and  Mr.  of  the 
Hospital  of  Bawtry  ;  and  Wm.  Pierrepoint,  preb.  of  Husth- 
waite,  and  rector  of  Holm  Pierrpoint  and  Widmerpole,  with 
a  pension.  One  of  these,  Lawrence  Saunders,  a  very  learned 
and  pious  man,  was  burned  at  the  stake  at  Coventry  on 
Feb.  4,  1554-5. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  the  clergy  in  the  diocese  of 
York  who  were  deprived  in  Queen  Mary's  days,  arranged  in 
alphabetical  order  according  to  their  livings : 

Robert  Craggs,  rector  of  All  Saints,  Pavement,  York ;  Gabriel 
Rajnes,  vicar  of  Almondbury  and  Huddersfield,  with  a  pension  allowed  ; 
Thos.  Judson,  vicar  of  Bamby  Dun  and  Wheuby ;  Brian  Spofford,  rector 
of  Barton  in  Ryedale  ;  Gregory  Taylor,  rector  of  Bulmer ;  Anthony 
Holgate,  rector  of  a  mediety  of  Bumsall ;  George  Mouson,  rector  of 
Clay  worth  ;  Wm.  Hochonsou,  vicar  of  Colston  Basset ;  the  Vicar  of 
Conisbrough  ;  Edmund  Mawde,  and  Wm.  Jackson,  a  married  clerk, 
rectors  of  the  medieties  of  DarGeld  ;  Anthony  Blake,  vicar  of 
Doncaster  and  rector  of  Whlston  ;  Wm.  Staple  ton,  vicar  of  Eastring- 
ton ;  the  Vicar  of  Elmley ;  Wm.  Gyles,  rector  of  Gedling ;  John 
RobinsoU;  rector  of  Grove ;  John  Howsyer,  rector  of  Handsworth  ; 
Matthew  Watson,  vicar  of  Helmsley  ;  John  Adams,  rector  of  Hockerton  ; 
Thos.  Whitbic,  vicar  of  Hutton  Cranswick  ;  Robert  Smallwood,  vicar 
of  Kirkbum  ;  Wm.  Latymer,  rector  of  Kirk  by- in- Cleveland  ;  Miles 
Walker,  rector  of  Leathley ;  Mr.  Wm.  Denman,  rector  of  Ordsall ;  Richard 
Oliver,  vicar  of  Otley;  Wm.  Gamble,  rector  of  a  mediety  of  South 
Otterington ;  Nicholas  Palmer,  vicar  of  Rilleston  ;  Simon  Clerkson,  vicar 
of  Rotherham  ;  Robert  Wisdom,  rector  of  Settrington  ;  John  Gamble, 
vicar  of  Sheriffhutton  ;  Hugh  Wright,  vicar  of  South  Scarlo  ;  the  Rector 

of  Stanford  ;  Mr.  John  Pope,  rector  of  Stoke  ;  Hoode,  rector  of 

Stokesley ;  Nicholas  Holme,  vicar  of  Stretton ;  Robert  Rede,  vicar  of 
Swine  ;  John  Thorpe,  rector  of  Thorp  juxta  Newark  ;  John  Houghton, 
rector  of  Trowell ;  John  Gunnystou,  rector  of  Winthorpe, 

In  addition  to  these  deprivations  the  following  resignations 
were  made,  with  the  intention,  no  doubt,  in  many  cases  of 
escaping  trouble : 

Richard   Deane,  rector   of  Ackworth ;    William  Warton,    rector  of 
Adbolton  ;  Oliver  Hewood,  vicar  of  Arnall ;  Edward  Pymond,  vicar  of 


9S  NOTICES   OP   SCOREBY   AND 

Batley  ;  John  Mottram,  curate  of  Beeston  ;  Mr.  Robert  Cressy,  vicar  of 
BIyth ;  Mr.  Wm.  Weston,  vicar  of  Bradford ;  Roger  Edgewortb,  rector 
of  Brandesburton  ;  Wm.  Caterall,  vicar  of  Cantlej ;  Thos.  Wright,  vicar 
of  Conisbrough  ;  Anth.  Frobisher,  vicar  of  Darrington ;  Nicholas  Walker, 
rector  of  Foston ;  Mr.  John  Nowell,  vicar  of  Giggleswick ;  Mr.  Wm. 
Pierpoint,  rector  of  Grove  ;  Ralph  Smith,  vicar  of  Hucknall ;  Mr.  John 
Midhope,  vicar  of  Ilkley  and  South  Kirkby ;  Mr.  Robert  Stops,  vicar  of 
Kayingham ;  John  Legg,  rector  of  Kirk  Smeaton  ;  John  Thornton,  vicar 
of  Leeds ;  Rol>ert  Mabom,  vicar  of  Lenton ;  Richard  Browne,  vicar  of 
Northcave ;  Edward  Surflet  and  Roger  Jackson,  vicars  of  North  Musk- 
ham  ;  Richard  Wilde,  vicar  of  St  Mary's,  Nottingham  ;  Roger  North, 
vicar  of  Rollestou ;  John  Normavell,  vicar  of  Sandal  Magna ;   Robert 
Floid,  rector  of  Southby  in  Long  CoUingham  ;  John  Wyot,  rector  of 
Sutton  in  Bonnington  ;    Nicholas  Swift,  rector  of  Thribergh  :    Thos. 
Holmes,  vicar  of  Water  Fryston ;  Marm.  Atkinson,  vicar  of  Wharram 
Percy ;    Wm.  Bradley,  vicar   of  Wheuby  ;    Robert  Ringrose,  vicar  of 
Willoughby  ;  Robert  Hall,  vicar  of  Withorusea  ;  Miles  Wilcock,  vicar  of 
Woldnewton  ;  Robert  Morres,  rector  of  All  Saints,  North  Street,  York ; 
John  Stele,  rector  of  St.  Crux,  York  ;  Robert  Barker,  rector  of  H.  Trinity, 
Goodramgate,  YorL 

One  or  two,  also,  are  said  to  have  given  up  their  wires. 
Richard  Calverde,  a  married  priest,  was  restored  to  his 
ministerial  work  in  August,  1554,  no  doubt  on  his  giving  up 
liis  wife.  In  December,  1554,  Mr.  John  Rudd,  S.T.P,, 
brings  letters  from  the  Bishop  of  London  and  the  Vicar- 
General  of  the  diocese  of  Lichfield  to  show  that  he  has  been 
divorced  from  Isabella  Welden,  his  late  wife,  that  he  is 
penitent,  and  that  he  has  been  restored  to  his  priestly  orders. 
On  December  30,  1554,  he  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of 
Dewsbury. 

It  will  be  seen  that  forty-seven  persons  were  deprived  of 
fifty-five  benefices,  and  that  thirty-eight  resignations  were 
made — all  during  the  reign  of  Mary.  Twenty-eight  of  these 
were  in  the  county  of  Nottingham,  the  rest  in  Yorkshire. 

In  many  respects  these  ejected  clergymen  were  the 
flower  of  the  diocese  in  learning  and  position  :  many  of 
them  were  University  men,  and  among  them  were  the 
incumbents  of  such  important  places  as  Bradford,  Doncaster, 
Huddersfield,  Leeds,  St.  Mary's  Nottingham,  Rotherham, 
and  Stokesley.  In  the  deaneries  of  Doncaster  and 
Pontefract  seventeen  benefices  were  vacated  ;  in  the  city 
of  York  four.  The  proportion  of  those  who  left  their 
livings  in  Nottinghamshire  was  considerably  greater  than 
in  Yorkshire.  It  was  in  Notts  that  so  much  support  was 
given  to  the  Reformation,  and  from  the  same  county  went 


OF  THE  FAMILY  OF  BLAKE.  97 

forth  to  Amsterdam  or  America  some  of  the  most  con- 
spicuous of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  and  Brownists.  Whilst  the 
prebendaries  of  Southwell,  Ripon,  and  Beverley  seem  to 
have  clung  to  their  stalls,  the  prebendaries  of  York,  the  heart 
of  the  province,  set  a  noble  example  of  self-abnegation  and 
Christian  duty.  Eight  of  them  were  deprived  ;  and  one  of 
these,  Laurence  Saunders,  sealed  his  convictions  with  his 
life's  blood. 

In  looking  over  the  registers  at  York  we  are  not  surprised 
at  the  care  that  was  taken  to  find  out  who  were  the  persons 
entitled  to  present,  and  to  discover,  also,  the  character  and 
opinions  of  the  persons  presented.  To  do  this  properly, 
livings  were  kept  vacant  so  long  that  the  rule  about  lapse 
was  not  insisted  on. 

About  Gabriel  Raynes,  or  Raine,  Vicar  of  Huddersfield 
and  Almondbury,  there  is  a  curious  notice  in  some  deposi- 
tions taken  in  the  Court  of  York  in  July  1554.  The  point 
at  issue  was  to  show  whether  John  Vincent,  Rector  of 
Langton,  in  Cheshire,  and  Joan  Stanley  were  married  or 
not,  and  some  interesting  evidence  was  taken.  Ralph 
Wood,  of  Tetton,  par.  Warmingham,  says  that  he  saw  the 
two  living  together  some  two  years  since  in  the  parsonage 
of  Sheepy.  He  carried  salt  to  the  house.  *  They  did  sitt 
at  table  as  man  and  wif,  &  she  wold  have  goen  to  the  said 
Sir  John  and  said,  *  Husband,  I  pray  youe  give  me  silver 
for  to  pay  for  salte,'  and  then  he  wold  have  given  her 
money.  Abouttes  Midsomer  last  was  iiij  yeres  ho  did  se  a 
boy  called  Georgie  in  the  said  parson  house . .  &  did  aske 
a  maide  whose  child  he  was,  &  she  said  he  was  Parson 
Vincent  childe.  He  hath  hard  the  said  Sir  John  bide  a 
man  at  Sibson  helpe  his  wif  to  horse.  He  was  present  in 
the  parishe  churche  of  Shepey  .  .  .  where  he  herd  Mr. 
Raynes,  prest  of  Tam worth,  openlie  in  the  pulpitt  (the  saide 
Sir  John  Vincent  parson  there  sittinge  under  the  pulpitt) 
saye  "  Masters,  I  wolde  ye  shulde  not  thinke  that  the  parson 
haith  lyved  otherwise  then  in  the  lawes  of  God  with  Joanne 
Stanley,  his  wief,  lateUe  deceassed,  for  I  assure  you  I  maried 
them  myself" 

Thomas  Wilde,  of  Shanton,  par.  Market  Bosworth,  was 
at  Sheepy  with  Mr.  Thomas  Asley,  of  Patsell,  who  met  the 
said  Johan  Standley,  and  said  to  the  said  parson,  '*  Whether 
is  this  your  wif  or  concubyne  1 "     And  he  aunsweringe  said 

TOL.   X.  H 


98  KOnCES    OF  8C0KJKBT  AKD 

that  she  was  his  wif ;  then  Mr.  Asley  said, ''  By  God's  pitie, 
I  cannot  beleve  it"  And  he  affirmed  agayn  that  she  was 
his  wif  hy  the  lawes  of  God,  k  said  that  it  was  better  for 
hyme  to  marie  then  bume.  And  the  said  Mr.  Asley  toke 
her  by  the  armes  k  kissed  her,  k  said  she  semed  to  be  an 
honeste  woman,  &  affirmed  that  he  never  kissed  prest 
wif  before. 

Gabriel  Raynes,  A.M.  (says  that  he)  came  to  the  said 
Parson  Vyncent  house  at  Shipey  a  litle  before  the  dethe 
of  Joban  Standley,  wher  k  when  the  said  Johan,  beinge 
then  grete  with  childe,  did  desier  this  deponent  to  move  the 
said  parson  to  marie  that  they  might  live  in  the  lawes  of 
God,  for,  she  said,  he  wold  have  maried  here  but  onlie  for 
his  frendes  .  .  .  the  said  parson  said  that  he  wold  marie 
here  when  she  was  uppe  agayn  k  purified  at  the  church. 
The  said  Johan  died  of  the  birth  of  the  said  child.  .  •  • 
Hearinge  a  rumor  and  slaunder  ...  he  did  say  openlie 
in  the  church  of  Shepay  that  he  did  marie  theme  previlye, 
before  the  lawe  .  .  .  that  prestos  shuld  marie  •  •  .  not 
beinge  moved  nor  required  therunto  by  the  said  parson, 
but  by  a  lerned  man.  And  in  so  doinge  he  thinkes  he 
did  not  offend  God,  for  Paule  saith  .  .  .  *'  To  thes  that  are 
under  the  lawe  I  fachioned  myself  as  thof  I  had  been 
under  the  lawe,''  etc.  He  did  the  same  onelie  to  bringe 
the  people  frome  ther  error  &  evell  reportes.  The  said 
Vyncent  was  then  present,  &,  perceyvinge  for  whate 
purpose  this  deponent  said  the  said  wordes,  held  his  peace." 

On  being  questioned,  Raynes  gives  some  notices  of  his 
own  history,  stating  that  he  had  come  from  Romaldkiric 
on  the  Tees-side,  the  birth-place  of  my  own  fore-elders. 
'*  He  was  borne  in  the  parishe  of  Romondchurch  in 
Riclimondshier,  and  he  nowe  contynueth  most  withiu  the 
parishes  of  Hallifax  &  Huddersfield,  &  he  hath  contynewed 
at  Laycester,  Tamworth,  Huddersfield,  k  Almondburie  this 
X.  yeres  last ;  and  he  contynewed  at  Cokerham  a  dossau 
yeres  before  he  came  to  Lacestre,  and  he  was  maid  prest 
accordinge  as  the  custome  nowe  is ;  &  Lacestre,  where  he 
was  abouttes  v.  yeres,  is  xj.  myles  frome  Shepay.'* 

My  namesake's  casuistry  is  not  to  his  credit,  and  he 
probably  lost  his  preferment  in  consequence.  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Cambridge,  and  is  mentioned  in  Cooper's  **  Ath. 
Cant."      Vincent,  as  a  punishment,  was  ordered   by  the 


OF  THE  FAMILY  OF  BLAKE.  99 

Bishop  of  Lincoln  to  pay  40^.  to  poor  scholars  at  Cambridge, 
and  20s.  to  the  poor  parishioners  of  Sheepy.  The  story  is 
a  strange  one,  and  is  a  sample  of  the  investigations  which 
were  going  on  here  and  there  throughout  the  country  in  the 
beginning  of  Queen  Mary  s  days. 

Anthony  Blake  is  said  to  have  lost  Doncaster  and  Whiston 
through  his  marriage,  although  that  fact  is  not  stated  in  the 
Official  Register.  He  must  have  lost  East  Barnet  also  for 
the  same  reason.  Strange  to  say,  we  find  that  Blake  was 
iostituted  by  Bishop  Bonner  on  May  11,  1556,  to  the 
vicarage  of  St.  Dunstan-in-the-West,  London,  at  the 
presentation  of  Sir  R.  Sackville.  Did  this  mean  that  he  had 
wavered  in  his  religious  convictions,  or  that,  with  a  powerful 
patron  at  his  back,  it  was  thought  that  he  had  been  too 
hardly  dealt  with,  and  deserved  some  compensation  for 
the  preferment  which  he  had  lost?  It  seems  probable 
that  there  must  have  been  some  yielding  on  Blake's  part, 
influenced,  perhaps,  by  the 

Duris  urgens  in  rebus  egestas. 

On  the  accession  of  Elizabeth  in  1558  the  tide  turned,  and 
Blake  was  reinstated  in  the  three  livings  which  ho  had  lost. 
It  is  possible,  also,  that  ho  traded  somewhat  upon  his  misfor- 
tunes, and  made  them  a  claim  for  adding  to  his  preferments, 
which  were  already  too  numerous.  On  June  7, 1558,  he  was 
instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Rugby,  Warwickshire,  on  the 
presentation  of  Roger  Master,  Alderman  of  London,  Patron 
for  that  turn,  which  he  held  till  his  death.  (Dugdale's 
Warwickshire,  /i.e.  18.)  In  1562  or  1563  lie  was  made  pre- 
bendary of  Tockerington,  at  York,  through  which  he  became 
Canon-residentiary.  Nor  was  this  all.  On  Aug.  11,  1568, 
he  was  instituted  at  the  presentation  of  the  Queen  to  the 
rectory  of  Langton,  near  Malton,  and  was  soon  involved  in  a 
law-suit  with  Robert  Startwere,  of  Langton,  the  executor  of 
Henry  Bilton  the  preceding  rector,  on  the  score  of  dilapida- 
tions. The  suit  was  before  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  York, 
and  the  depositions,  by  some  strange  chance,  wandered  away 
to  the  Auditor's  ofl5ce  at  Durham,  where  I  found  them  many 
years  ago.  Blake,  therefore,  was  now  holding  six  rich  livings 
with  a  prebend  and  rcsidcntiaryship  in  the  Minster  of  York. 
This  plethora  of  benefices,  involving,  more  or  less,  a  neglect 

u  2 


c         ••    • 


100  NOTICES   OP  SCOREBY   AND 

of  all,  was  a  comruon  thing  iu  those  days.  At  every  Visita- 
tion of  Bishop,  or  Archbishop,  Blake,  with  other  pluralists, 
was  presented.  But  nothing  was  done.  The  clergy  who 
were  so  richly  endowed  were  generally  the  chaphdns  and 
cUents  of  great  men,  who  begged  Uvings  for  them,  and 
backed  them  up  when  they  were  in  peril.  Blake  had  the 
support  of  the  noble  houses  of  Talbot  and  Sackyille,  and 
the  somewhat  doubtful  reputation  of  being  something  of  the 
nature  of  a  Confessor  in  the  Marian  days,  and  so  he  was  left 
alone.  He  did  indeed  resign  the  rectory  of  East  Bamet  in 
1567,  but  we  do  not  know  whether  this  was  caused  by 
pressure  or  choice. 

His  Will  is  chiefly  remarkable  for  the  profession  of  fedth 
with  which  it  commences,  and  for  the  paucity  of  what  we 
may  call  the  personal  bequests  contained  in  it  It  was  usual 
in  those  days  to  make  such  a  profession  of  faith,  and  Blake 
would  think  it  doubly  necessary  in  his  own  case,  as  he  had 
gone  through  several  phases  of  belief  and  practice,  and  hard 
things,  probably,  had  been  said  about  him.  The  Will  of  his 
brother,  Francis,  made  in  1566,  begins  with  the  same 
profession,  prepared,  probably,  by  Anthony.  The  two 
brothers  adopt  the  same  exposition  of  the  religious  opinions 
in  which  they  hoped  to  die. 

In  the  name  of  God,  Amen.  The  xxiiij^^  day  of  Auguste,  in  the  yere 
of  our  Lord  God,  a  thousande  fjve  hundrethe  thre-score  and  ten,  I, 
Anthonye  Blake,  clarke,  canon  &  residenceyere  of  this  raetropolytaine 
church  of  Yorke,  the  unprofytable  servant  of  God,  wayke  and  deseysed 
in  bodie,  stronge  in  mynde,  and  good  and  perfytt  in  remembraunce, 
lawde  and  prayse  be  unto  Ahnightie  God,  do  wiUinglie  and  with  a  fre 
harte  render  and  give  againe  into  the  handes  of  Almightie  God  my 
spyryte  and  sowle  which  He  of  His  fatherlie  goodnes  gave  unto  me  when 
He  fashoned  my  bodye  in  my  mother  wombe,  by  this  means  makinge 
me  a  lyvinge  creature;  nothinge  doubtiuge  but  that  this  my  Lord 
God,  for  His  mercie  sake,  promysed  vnto  me  and  set  furth  in  the 
precyouse  deathe  and  bloudshedinge  of  His  derelye  beloved  sonne 
Jesu  Chryste,  my  onely  Savior  and  Redemer,  will  receyve  my  soule  into 
His  glorye,  and  place  yt  in  the  companye  of  the  heavenlie  Angells  and 
blessed  Sannctes.  And,  as  concemynge  my  bodye,  even  with  a  good  will 
and  a  fre  harte  I  give  yt  over  and  commend  yt  to  the  earthe  whereof  yt 
came,  and  to  be  buried  before  my  chauncell  dore,  nothinge  doubtinge 
but,  accordinge  to  the  article  of  my  fayth,  at  the  great  daie,  at  the 
generall  resurrection  when  all  fleshe  and  bodyes  of  men  shall  appeare 
before  the  judgement  seate  of  Chryste,  my  Saviour,  I  shall  receyve  yt 
agaiue  by  the  mightie  power  of  God  wherewith  He  is  able  to  subdue  all 
thinges  unto  Hymself,  not  yt  than  to  be  a  corruptible,  mortall,  and  a 


OF   THE   FAMILY   OF   BLAKE.  101 

vjle  bodye  (as  yt  ys  now),  but  an  incorruptible,  immortall,  perfects,  and 
in  all  pointes  lyke  vnto  the  gloryouse  bodye  of  my  Lord  and  Savior, 
Jesus  Christe.  And  now  at  this  time  I  right  well  perceyve  that  where 
my  syckenes  dotli  not  decrease  butt,  rather,  encrease,  so  that  I  can  not 
longe  contynewe  in  this  state  wherein  I  am  nowe,  therefore  I  thinke 
veryelye  that  the  Lord  my  God  hathe  sent  this  syckenes  unto  me  as  a 
messenger  before  sent  to  wame  and  appointe  me  of  my  departure  frome 
this  worlde,  that  when  my  Lord  God  shall  come,  He  maie  not  fyude  me 
unprepared  or  unreddye  to  fulfyll  His  will  and  devyne  pleasure.  And  I 
therefore  most  hartely  thanke  Hym  for  this  His  messenger  my  syckenes  : 
And  for  this  consyderacon  I  thinke  yt  most  mete  and  uecessarie  to 
dispose  and  sett  in  order  for  the  disposiciou  of  my  worldlye  goodes, 
wliich  God  hath  lent  me  ;  that  after  my  departure  there  be  no  discention 
nor  stryfe  for  them  among  such  as  I  most  hartely e  wishe  and  desire  to 
be  lyncked  and  tyed  together  with  perpetuall  amytie  and  contynewall 
frenshipp.  Firste,  as  towchinge  Elizabeth  my  wief,  with  whome  I  am 
coupled  in  the  fere  of  God  and  in  the  honorable  state  of  matrymonye,  I 
give  and  bequieth  vnto  her  and  to  all  my  children,  jointlie  together,  the 
full  and  hole  intereste  of  my  lease  of  Morthinge  Hall '  during  all  my 
yeres  vnexpyred.  Also  I  will  that  Thomas  Oldcome  wife  shall  have  for 
her  paines  taken  with  me  xxs.  Item  I  give  to  Magdalaine  Blake  iijs.  iiijcf. 
Also  I  will  that  all  my  servantes  shall  have  there  wages  well  and  trewlie 
paid  for  so  much  as  they  ar  behynd  and  unpaid ;  and  that  every  one  of  my 
servynge  men  shall  have,  over  and  besydes  there  waiges,  at  there 
departure,  one  hole  quarter's  wages  more.  The  rest  of  all  my  goodes 
uuquethed,  my  debtes,  legacies,  and  funeralles  dischardged,  I  give  and 
bequieth  them  to  Elizabeth  my  wief,  and  to  Anthouye  Blake,  Thomas, 
Frauncis,  Samuell,  Danyell,  Margaret,  John,  Edward,  and  Constable 
Blake,  my  children,  whome  I  do  constitute  and  make  my  full  and  hole 
executors  of  this  my  last  will  and  testament.  Also  I  do  make  Mr. 
Franckland,  Mr.  More,  the  supervysors  of  this  my  last  will  and  testa- 
ment :  And  I  give  unto  every  one  of  them  for  there  paynes  taken  fewer 
old  angells.  Witnesses  hereof  the  forenamed  Richard  Frankland  and 
John  More,  and  also  Kobert  Parmateth,^  Marmaduke  Lupton,  and  John 
Bellamye,  with  others. 

(Proved  22  Nov.  1570  by  Robert  Parmateth,  Marmaduke  Lupton, 
and  John  Bellamy,  and  administration  granted  to  Elizabetli  the  relict  of 
the  said  Anthonye  Blake,  power  reserved  of  committing  similar  adminis- 
tration to  the  coezecutors  when  of  age.) 

The  Will  is  extremely  simple  in  its  terms.  He  provides 
for  his  wife  and  children;  rewards  his  servants  and 
nurse,  and  leaves  a  trifling  bequest  to  his  kinswoman, 
Magdalen  Blake. 

Alice,  wife  of  Thomas  Oldcorne,  Mr.  Blake  s  nurse,  was  a 

'  I  cannot  trace  this  lease.  The  rectory  *  Robert  Parmiteth  was  Mayor  of  Don- 

of  Laughton-en-le-Morthing  was  at  this  caster  in  1558 ;  buried  June  14,  1576 ; 

time  leased  by  the  Eyres,  under  the  Dean  will  dated  Feb.  10, 1575.     He  was  pro- 

aod  Chapter  of  York.     It  in  possible  that  bably  a  Lincolnshire  man. 
Mr.  Blake  may  hare  been  a  sub-tenant. 


102  K0T1CE3   OF   SCORBBY   AND 

Roman  Catholic.  The  two  Oldcornes  seem  to  have  been 
very  poor  people,  residing  in  the  parish  of  St.  Sampson. 
In  1576  she  was  proceeded  against  for  refusing  to  come  to 
church.  She  passed  seven  years  in  prison.  On  Oct  25, 
1587,  the  sheriffs  put  her  into  a  wretched  hole  on  Ouse 
bridge,  called  the  Lower  Kidcote,  a  place  full  of  infection 
and  filth,  without  bedding,  where  she  caught  cold  and  died 
on  the  third  day.  She  was  buried  on  Toft  Green.  Thomas, 
her  husband,  was  imprisoned  in  the  Block-house  at  Hull,  and 
probably  died  there. 

The  Supervisors  of  Mr.  Blake's  Will  were  two  friends  and 
companions. 

Of  these,  Richard  Frankland,  Esq.,  was  registrar  of  the 
Court  of  York,  and  a  person  of  wealth  and  substance, 
especially  in  the  county  of  Durham.  He  lived  in  the  Sub- 
dean's  house  in  the  Minster  yard,  York.  His  Will  is  printed 
in  Wills  and  Inventories,  Surtees  Soc.  ii.  141-4. 

Mr.  John  More  was  Serjeant-at-Arms  to  the  Queen,  in 
attendance  upon  the  Council  of  the  North,  and  resided  in 
St.  Leonard's  Hospital,  York,  of  which  he  had  a  lease  from 
Sir  George  Savile,  to  whom  it  had  been  granted.  Mr.  More's 
first  wife,  Margaret,  was  buried  at  St.  MichaeHe-Belfrey, 
York,  Dec.  5,  1572,  aged  about  60  years.  He  then  married 
Catherine,  widow  of  Marm.  Constable,  Esq.,  and  daughter  of 
John  Holme,  of  PauU  Holme.  Susan,  their  daughter,  was 
baptized  at  St.  Michael-le-Belfrey,  April  15, 1576.  Mr.  More 
made  his  Will  on  June  22,  proved  Aug.  9,  1595,  in  which 
he  mentions  Katherine  his  wife,  Francis  his  son,  and  his 
children,  John,  Neville,  Katherine,  and  Mary  ;  and  Susan 
More  his  daughter.  To  his  son,  "  my  gould  ringe,  called  a 
signett,  which  I  usuallie  weare.  To  my  wife,  my  nest  of 
silver  tunnes  guilt — beinge  sixe  in  number — with  their  cover, 
a  dozen  of  my  silver  spoones,  my  second  silver  salte,  guilte, 
with  a  cover.  To  my  daughter  Susan,  my  best  silver  salte, 
double  guilte,  and  the  cover,  a  guilte  goblett  with  a  cover,  a 
dozen  of  my  best  silver  spoones  with  the  Apostles  images  of 
the  endes  ;  a  gould  ringe  with  a  blue  saphire  stone  in  it, 
and  a  tablet  of  gould."  Mr.  More  was  buried  at  St. 
Michael-le-Belfre3%  on  July  9,  1595,  and  his  widow  in  the 
Minster,  on  June  9,  1634. 

Mr.  Blake,  when  he  resided  in  York,  would  live  in  the 
Close  in  the  bouse  attached  to  his  prebend  of  Tockerington. 


OP   THE   FAMILY   OP   BLAKE.  103 

Every  prebendary  then  possessed  a  house  of  his  own,  in  the 
Close,  which  he  was  bound  to  keep  in  repair. 

He  desires  "  to  be  buried  before  my  chauncell  dore.''  This 
must  have  been  in  one  of  the  churches  where  he  was  rector. 
It  was  not  at  Doncaster,  for  there  he  was  only  vicar,  and  tho 
chancel,  therefore,  did  not  belong  to  him.  The  Registers  at 
Whiston  do  not  begin  until  1592. 

It  is  not  known  who  Mr.  Blake's  wife  was.  Eight  sons 
and  one  daughter  are  mentioned  in  his  last  Will.  Thomas 
Blake,  probably  another  son,  was  buried  at  St.  Michael-le- 
Belfroy,  York,  on  June  27,  1568. 

On  May  6,  1587,  Anthony  Blake  administered  to  the 
effects  of  his  brothers,  John  Blake,  of  Rotherham,  and 
Constable  Blake.  This  Anthony  is  probably  the  person  who 
signed  the  Book  of  Articles  as  a  schoolmaster  in  1583 
(Reg.  D.  &  C.  York).  He  is  also,  I  believe,  the  person  who 
was  vicar  of  Acklom-on-the-Wold  from  1588  until  1621 — a 
small  living  in  the  gift  of  the  Chancellor  of  York.  Soon  after 
his  coming  to  Acklom,  on  Jan.  18, 1588 — 9,  ho  was  married 
at  Kirkby  Underdale  to  Anne  Sanderson.  Constable  Blake 
may  liave  owed  his  name  to  the  Constables  of  Kexby,  hard 
by  Scoreby,  and  was  baptized  at  St.  Michael-le-Belfrey,  June 
9,  1566.  In  the  middle  of  the  17th  century  some  notices  of 
the  name  occur  in  the  parish  register  at  Rotherham,  and 
probably  relate  to  members  of  this  family.  I  have  made  no 
attempt  to  construct  a  pedigree. 


ELLAND     CHURCH. 

By  JOHN  WILLIAM   CLAY. 

It  is  proposed  in  this  paper  to  give  an  account  of  the 
monuments  in  Elland  Church,  which  are  very  imperfectly 
friven  in  Watson's  "  History  of  Halifax  "  (published  in  1775). 
The  Elland  monuments  and  stained-glass  appear  to  have 
suffered  more  than  usual.  The  earliest  Thornhill  inscription 
is  dated  1669,  although  it  is  known  that  many  generations 
of  the  family  were  buried  there  before  that  date.  It  is  still 
more  remarkable  that,  although  Elland  may  be  said  to  be 
the  cmdle  of  the  well-known  Savile  family,  there  is  not  a 
single  evidence  of  their  existence  to  be  found  in  the  church. 
Many  members  of  both  these  famiUes  were  buried  there,  as 
is  evident  from  the  list  of  Testamentary  Burials  in  Torre, 
quoted  by  Watson. 

1399.  John  Sayvill,*  of  Eland,  chevalier. 

1529.  John  Thornhill,  of  Fixby,  to  be  buried  within  the  chapel  of  our 
blessed  Lady  St.  Mary,  of  Elaud,  in  St.  Nicholas  Quire,  or  in  the  chancel 
thereto  adjoining. 

1545.  John  Sayvill,^  of  Newhall,  Gen. 

1566.  Henry  Sayvill,  of  Bradley. 

1567.  John  Thornhill,  of  Fixby. 
1580.  Tho.  Savile,  of  Eland. 

1583.  Eliz.,  widow  of  John  Thornhill,  of  Fixby,  Esq. 
1598.  Brian  Thornhill,  of  Fixby. 
1607.  John  Thornhill,  of  Fixby,  Esq. 
1669.  John  Thornhill,  of  Fixby,  Esq. 

Watson  gives  the  following  account  of  the  monuments  and 
painted  glass  which  had  been  formerly  in  the  church  : — 

"  The  most  remarkable  things  in  or  about  the  fabric  are  these.  In 
the  east  window,  quarterly  France  and  England,  with  a  label  of  three 

^  Sir  John  Savile,  Ent.,  was  Knight  hill    of  Barkisland.      Henry    Savile   of 

of  the  Shire  fur  Yorkshire,  and  married  Bradley  was  the  third  son,  and  married 

Isabel,  the  heiress  of  the  Elands.  Eliz.,  only  daughter  of  Robt.  Ramsden. 

'  John  Savile  of  Newhall,  in  Elland,  He  was  father  of  the  celebrated  Sir  Henry 

married  Maigery,  daughter  of  John  Gled-  Savile. 


ELLAND   CHURCH. 


105 


points,  uncertain  what  color;  within  the  Garter,  Hony  soit,  <fec.  Above, 
a  ducal  crown,  or,  turned  up  ermine,  and  lions  supporting.  These  were 
the  arms  of  John  of  Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster,  who  died  in  1399,  and 
had  Eland  as  part  of  his  Honor  of  Pontefract.  The  same  arc  repeated, 
with  falcons  argent  supporting,  only  the  ducal  crown  on  this  is  or, 
turned  up  argent,  and  the  label  ermine.  In  the  same  window  were  also 
tlie  arms  of  France  and  England,'  within  garter,  with  Hony  soit,  <fec., 
but  no  crown  or  supporters.  There  were  also  some  coats  of  private 
families  painted  in  a  window  in  this  Quire,  which  Dr.  Johnson,  who 
surveyed  this  place  July  23,  1669,  could  not  well  make  out,  they  were 
80  defaced.  One  of  these  coats  contained  : — 1.  Savile.  2.  Gules,  a 
plain  cross  argent.*  3.  Thomhill,  of  Fixby.  4.  Eland,  viz.,  gules,  two 
barrulets  between  eight  martlets  argent,  three,  two,  and  three.  6. 
Argent,  on  a  bend  gules,  three  escallops  or,  for  .  .  .  .**■  6.  Sable,  an 
escutcheon  within  eight  martlets  in  orle  argent,  for  Rachdale,  of 
liachdale,  parted  per  pale^  argent,  on  a  fess  sable,  three  mullets  of  the 
field.  On  another  shield,  three  chevronels  braced  in  base,  and  in 
another  part  of  the  quarteriugs,  six  billets,  three,  two,  one  ;  two  others 
imperfect ;  but  in  my  Collection  of  Arms,  I  have  made  the  following 
entry,  uncertain  from  whence  : — 

Quarterly. — 1.  Argent,  three  chevronels  sable,  braced  in  base,  on  a 

chief  of  the  second,  three  mullets  of  the  field,  which 
belongs  to  the  name  of  Danby. 

2.  Gules,  three  woolpacks  or. 

3.  Gules,  six  billets  or,  three,  two,  one. 

4.  Argent,  a  saltire  crenell6. 

With  these  in  old  characters  :  Pray  for  the  gud  prosperite,  mercy  •  .  • 
of  John  Savyle,*  of  Holly-ngezeth,  Esquire,  and  Elizabet  his  wyffe, 
dowzter  of  Robert  Hopton,  and  all  their  c  .  .  .  .  Ider  gwyche  causyt 
thys  wyndow  to  be  mayde. 

In  a  part  belonging  to  Savile  and  Thomhill,  a  man  kneeling  at 
prayer,  and  in  armor,  his  upper  garment  alternately  white  and  red, 
behind  him,  in  the  same  posture,  his  wife,^  her  garment  the  same,  only 
in  two  places  thereof  appear  two  bars  gemells,  argent;  behind  her, 
another  woman  in  the  same  posture  and  dress.  Under  these  figures,  in 
old  characters  :  "  orate  pro  prosperitate  Willielmi  Thomhill,  et  Elizabet 
uxoris  ejus,  et  Johannes  Thomhill,  iilii  et  heredis  eorundem,  et  JhnsB 
uxons  BUS,  et  prosperitate  Nichi  .  .  .  et  Agnetis  consortis  sues,  filiorum 


'  This  shield  appears  to  be  still  in  the 
west  window  of  the  north  aisle  amongst 
remnants  of  old  stained  glass. 

^  Probably ;  gules,  a  cross  pat^e  f  orm^e 
argent,  for  Golcar. 

<•  Tnnkersley. 

*  Hopton,  though  generally  their  shield 
is  ermine,  on  two  bars  sable  six  mullets 
pleroed  or. 

*  John  Savile  of  Hullinedge  married 
Blixabeth,  daughter  of  Robert  Hopton,  of 
Armlej  Hall,  by  Janet,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Langton  of  Famley,  Knt.,  Glover's 


and  Flower's  Visitations. 

7  There  seems  in  the  printed  pedigrees 
and  visitations  no  statement  who  Eliza- 
beth the  wife  of  William  Thomhill  was. 
Watson  says,  according  to  a  MS.  pedigree 
at  Fixby  he  married  Jen.,  daughter  of 
John  Ditton,  but  that  if  this  is  correct  he 
must  have  had  two  wives,  and  that 
Elizabeth  Thomhill  survived  her  husband. 
He  died  1500,  and  his  son  John  married 
Jennet,  daughter  of  Nicholas  Savile,  of 
New  Hall,  Elland. 


106 


ELL  AND   CHURCH. 


et  filiarum  eorundem,  ac  omnium  Benefactorum  suorum.''  This  from 
Dr.  Johnson's  MS.     Over  the  above  a  shield  of  arms." 

Quarterly. — 1.  Thomhill. 

2.  ...  a  saltire. 

3.  Toothill,  of  Toothill. 

4*^  as  first,  —  pai*ted  per  pale,  argent,  two  bars  sable.* 

perhaps  for  Kay,  of  Woodsome ;  but  if  so,  these  arms  are  not  ooeval 
with  the  figures  ;  at  least  not  with  the  above  inscription,  for  they  agree 
not  with  the  names.  With  the  above  were  also  the  figures  of  a  man  in 
armor,  kneeling,  behind  him  his  wife  and  three  children.^*^  Arms  of 
Savile  on  the  garments  of  the  two  first ;  no  shield  of  arms.  There  were 
also  the  following  inscriptions  in  the  North  Quire  :  "  Pray  for  the  gude 
prosperity,  mercy,  and  grace  of  Sir  John  Savile,"  Knt.  daughter  and 
one  of  the  heirs  .  .  .  childere,  and  for  the  saul  of  his  aforesaid  wief, 
daughter  of  Sir  William  Vernon,  the  which  Sir  John  causyd  this  window 
to  be  made  the  yere  ..." 

•*  In  the  North  Window  there  ;  Savile  impaled  with  Scargil :  *  Pray 
ye  for  the  souls  of  George  Sayvell,  son  of  John  Sayvell,  Esq'^ ;  and  of 
Margaret,  his  wife,  daughter  of  Thomas  Scargill,  Esq. ;  which  •  •  • 
caused  tMs  window  to  be  made.'* 

The  chancel  at  Ealand  is  called  St.  Mary's  Quire ;  the  North  QuirCi 
St.  Nicholas's  Quire  ;  and  that  on  the  south,  St.  John's  Quire. 
On  a  gravestone  in  the  chancel : — 

"Hie  in  spe  Christiana  requiescit  Petrus  Asheton*'  A.M.  Ecclesitt 
Anglicana)  Presbyter,  et  Parochiae  de  Ealand  in  sacris  Administer  : 
Orthodoxse  Fidel  et  Doctrinse  sanse  Theologus  :  Pietatis  Exemplar : 
Pads  Cultor !  Qui  per  decursum  annorum  trigiuta  et  unius  fideliter 
pastoral!  functus  munero,  et  reciproco  omnium  amore  remuneratus, 
placide  gregem  simul  cum  auima  Deo  vocanti  resiguavit  30™<>  Octobris 
A.D.  1698.     iEtatis  55*0. 


FU. 
Thomas 
Johannes 
Petrus 


I 


obiit 


Die. 

MeDsis. 

22^0 

])ecbri8 

1684 

IStio 

gno 

Mali 

1674 

Xmo 

9no 

Junii 

1675 

Jmo 

•  Thomhill — gules,  2  bars  gemelles 
and  a  chief  argent.  Fickaby— Azure,  a 
saltire  between  4  cross  crosslets,  or. 
Toothill — or,  on  a  cheyron  sable  3  cres- 
cents, argent. 

•  The  arms  of  Ditton.  as  those  of  Kaye 
of  Woodsome  are  argent,  two  bendlets  sa. 

10  There  is  a  plate  in  Watson's  History 
of  Halifax  of  these  figures. 

11  Sir  John  Savile  of  Thomhill  and 
Tankersley,  married  for  his  first  wife 
Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Vernon, 
secondly  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Paston.  He  died  1529  and  was 
buried  in  Thomhill  church.  His  tomb 
with  effigies  of  himself  and  his  two  wives 
is   eDgraved  in  Wbitaker'i   History  of 


Leeds. 

1^  Mr.  Peter  Ashton,  preacher  at 
Ealand,  buried  there  Nov.  3,  1698,  aged 
45.  Northowram  Register,  94.  Mr.  Oliver 
Heywood's  account  of  these  curates  is  : — 
*' After  Mr.  Broadhead  came  Mr.  Peter 
Ashton  (his  father,  Peter  Ashton,  a  dish 
maker  at  Newton  Heath,  in  Lancashire), 
formerly  a  hopeful  youth  for  religion ; 
helpt  to  the  University  by  my  father, 
Angier,  and  other  friends  :  now  very  wild 
and  mad  against  us,  and  hath  turned  his 
father,  an  old  professor  and  elder,  to  the 
same  prelatical  way.  He  is  now  at 
EUand,  and  wish  he  were  truly  good.*' 
Mr.  Ashton  died;  jru  buried  KoY.  8, 
1698. 


ELLAND   CHURCH. 


107 


'*Hio  etiam  (cum  infante)  jacet  Samuel  filius  Rich.  Petty,"  curati  de 
Ealand,  qui  unicam  P.  Asheton  filiam  uxorem  sibi  adjunxit.  Obiit 
Aug.  22,  A.D.  1709.  iEtatis  suee  2^^  Hie  etiam  jacet  Susanna  ejusdem 
R^  Petty  filia.     Sepulta  fuit  ll»o  Aprilis  A.D.  1711.     iEtatis  suae  8^°." 

On  a  gravestone  in  the  chancel : — 

"  Reliquiae  hie  repositaa  Petri  Asheton,"  curati  de  Mildraw,  in  com. 
Lancastri,  (filii  Petri  Asheton  propinq  :  tumulati)  qui  animam  Deo 
resignavit  5t«  die  Aug.  1718.  iEtatis  42.  Atque  Rich^*  Petty,"  curati 
de  Ealand  qui  animam  efflavit  vivacem  7™°  die  Martii  1723.  iEtatis 
suas  49. 


From  Dr.  Johnson's  MS. : — 

"  Hie  jacet  sepultus  Johannes  Clay,"  de  Clayhouse,  qui  obiit  decimo 
octavo  die  Junii,  1616."  On  the  same  stone  :  "  Here  lieth  Captain  John 
Clay,  deceased  Sep.  13,  1643." 

In  the  North  Quire  the  figure  of  the  greatest  part  of  a  woman,  in  a 
praying  posture,  and  four  children  below,  also  praying ;  *^  over  the 
children's  heads  the  names  Elezabeth,  Mary,  Jane,  Dorithy ;  on  the 
right  side  of  the  woman's  head  the  arms  of  Savile  ;  on  the  left  those  of 
Boswell,  impaled  with  .  .  .  .  a  saltire  ingrailed  ....  in  a  chief  three 
roses  ....  Inscription  round  the  stone  : — 

Here  the  'slepeth  the  body  of  Francis"  daughter  of  Godfrey  Boswell, 
Esq.,  wife  of  John  Savile,  of  Newhall,  Esquire,  whose  soul  returned  to 
God  that  gave  it,  February  26,  1609.     iEtatis  suae  60. 

In  the  chapel-yard  : — 

Reliquio)  hie  reponuntur  Jeremia)  Bairstow,^'  viri  si  quid  venera- 
tionis  sibi  vendicant.  Literarum  scientia,  rerum  sacrarum  peritia, 
morum  probitas,  vit®  sanctitas,  revera  revereudi.  Qui  postquam  per 
annos  iriginta  et  amplius,  gregi  quodam  christiano  Pastor  fidelis 
invigilasset,  officii  rationem,  animamq;  Deo  reddidit  27  Julii  1731. 

This  was  composed  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Elston,  whose  inscription  is  also 
here. 


"  "Mr.  Petty  came  to  Elland  from 
Knaresborough,  1700.  Is  there  at  this 
time,  1701." 

^*  BCr.  Peter  Aahton,  Curate  at  Milnroe, 
near  Rochdale,  died  at  Eland  about  Aug. 
4, 1718. — Northowram  Register,  275. 

"  Mr.  Richard  Petty,  Curate  at  Eland, 
died  Mar.  7,1724. — Northowram  Register, 
290. 

^  This  John  Clay  seems  to  haye  been 
the  father  or  brother  of  Dr.  Robert  Clay, 
Vioar  of  Halifax.  See  Hunter's  Notices 
of  Clay  House  in  Vol.  II.  of  the  Journal. 

^  There  is  a  pkte  of  these  figures  and 
anas  in  Wataon,  p.  403. 


*8  Frances  was  daughter  of  Godfrey 
Bosvile  of  Guuthwaite,  Esq.,  who  died 
1580,  and  who  married  Jane,  daughter  if 
John  Hardwick,  co.  Derby;  sister  of 
Eliz.,  Countess  of  Shrewsbury.  Hid 
arms  were  argent,  5  fusils  in  fess  gules, 
in  chief  3  boar's  heads  sable,  impaling, 
Hardwick — argent,  a  saltire  engrailed 
azure,  on  a  chief  of  the  second  '6  roses 
of  the  first. 

^3  Mr.  Jeremiah  Bairstow,  minr.  at 
Eland,  died  July  28, 1731,  in  the  a2nd 
year  of  his  age. —Northowram  Register, 
309. 


108 


ELLAND   CHURCH. 


M.S.  HananisD  Elston^  A.M.  qui  ingenio  acri,  limato,  Bubooto, 
morum  probitate,  et  aperto  illo  animi  recte  Bibi  conscii  caudore,  veram 
pietatem,  fidora,  humanitatem,  coolitusq;  demissam  Christianis  libertatem, 
excolebat,  tuebatur,  promovcbat :  Qui  magnas  opes,  famamve  mortaleU 
inter  ncque  quaoritans,  neque  assecutus,  Buorum  taraen  amorem 
bonorum  omnium,  quotquot  ilium  norant,  benevolentiam  conciliaret, 
sibi  summi  certe  Judicis  favorem  adeptus  est.  Quis  enim  Viator 
meliore  jure  beatam  speret  immortalitem  ?    Obiit  22  Junii,  1738. 

This  was  composed  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Crowther,  late  vicar  of  Otley. 

In  the  chapel-yard  over  Henry  EUistones,  who  died  at  Howroyd, 
1697:— 

Ullamne  in  rebus  Immanis,  Lector,  certitudiuem  esse  reris,  cum  ipsum 
hominem  una  dissolvet  hora  ? 

In  the  chapel-yard,  over  one  John  Hoile : — 

Deo  ac  conjugi  pius,  Justus  ac  propositi  tenax,  amiciee  certus,  omnibus 
affabilis,  ac  si  quid  ultra  est,  sit  tota  vita  pro  epitaphio.  Vade  et  tu  (ac 
similiter. 

From  Dr.  Johnson's  MS. : — 

Here  sleepeth  the  body  of  Nicholas  Hanson,^  one  of  the  Attomies  of 
the  Com.  PL,  servant  to  Sir  John  Savile,  Baron  of  the  Ch^,  a  favourer  of 
religion,  whose  soul  returned  to  his  Saviour,  Nov.  7,  1613, 

The  oldest  date  upon  the  gravestones  at  Ealand  is  this : — 
John  Hanson  de  Woodhouse,  1599,  iEt.  82. 

In  the  list  of  "  Armes  '*  taken  out  of  churches  and  howses 
in  Yorkshire  visitacion,  A^  1584,  by  Glover,  the  following 
coats  were  in  the  church  of  EUand  : — 

Sable,  3  goats  passant  argent,  belled  or.     (Stansfeld.) 

Quarterly  1.  Savile. 

2.  Gules,  a  cross  pat^e  form^e  argent.^ 

3.  Gules,  2  bars  gemelles  and  a  chief  argent.^ 

4.  Gules,  2  bars  between  8  martlets,  3,  2  and  3,  argent 

(Eland). 

5.  Argent,  on  a  bend  gules  3  escallops  of  the  first.** 

6.  Sable,  an  escocheon  within  an  orb  of  8  martlets,  ai^genf 
Impaling  Argent,  on  a  fesse  sable  3  mullets  of  the  Ist. 


^  Mr.  Hananiah  Elston,  Minr.  at 
Eland,  died  June  22,  buried  June  24, 
1738. — Northowram  Register,  824. 

31  Mr.  Ellistons  of  Bersland  (Barkis- 
land),  buried  June  16,  1697,  very  rich,  at 
Ealand  — Northowram  Register,  89. 

^  Nicholas  Hanson,  attomej-at-Uw, 
near  Blland,  will  dated  1613,  desires  to 
be  buried  with  his  father  and  his  ances- 


tors in  the  churchyard  of  EUand.  He 
was  son  of  the  above  John  Rmmcti  oI 
Woodhouse,  an  attorney,  who  was  bom 
1517  and  died  1599.  See  Fastens  Tock- 
shire  Pedigrees. 

«  Golcar. 

^  ThomhiU. 

2*  Tankersley. 

»  Rachdale,  of  Rachdale  (Rochdak). 


ELLAND   CHUBCH. 


109 


Quarterly,  1.  Argent,   3  chevrons  imbraced  sable,  on  a  chief  of  the 

2ud  3  mullets  of  the  lst5 

2.  Gules,  3  cushions  or. 

3.  Or,  6  billets  gules,  3,  2,  and  1. 

4.  Argent,  2  chains  in  saltier  inlaid  by  an  annulet  sable. 

"An  old  knight  kneeling  with  this  coate  armor  ou  his  back."     Gules, 
2  bars  between  8  martlets,  3,  2  and  3  argent.     "Elande." 

Argent,  a  fesse  between  3  fleur  de  lis. 

Argent,  2  bars  sable,  a  martlet  for  difference  Argent.     "  Quambye 
very  ould." 

Azure,  a  chevron  argent  between  three  birds  or. 

Argent,  on  a  bend  gules  3  escallops  of  the  field.^ 

Sable,  an  escocheon  within  an  orb  of  8  martlets  argent.     "  Rashdale." 

Gules,  a  cross  patoncee  argent,  an  annulet  for  difference.     Pilkington, 
impaling. 
A  bend,  in  base  a  mullet,  and  in  chief  a  label  of  3  points.     "  Say  vile." 

Savile  ®  as  in  last,  impaling,  sable,  3  goats  argent. 

S.ivile,  impaling  ....  in  fesse  2  billets  erm.  each  charged  with 
another  sable. 

A  lion  rampant  charged  with  a  mullet,  impaling  argent,  a  saltier 
gules,  a  label  of  three  vert.^° 

Savile  (with  label  of  three  points),  impaling,  sable,  3  lions  passant 
guardant  argent. 

Savile,  ut  supra  impaling  a  saltier  ermine.     Nevile. 

Bamardus  Sayvill,  filius  Johis.  Sayvile,  armigeri,  et  Margeriaj,  uxoris 
suae,  filiae  Thomse  Nevil,  mccccx.  * 

So  far  the  monuments  and  arms  not  at  present  existing. 
MTe  now  give  a  list  of  those  which  are  still  in  the  church. 

Ar/ns — Thornhill,  Gules,  two  bars  gemells  and  a  chief  argent,  im- 
paling (Wentworth).  Sable,  a  chevron  between  three  leopards'  heads  or, 
a  crescent  for  difference. 


^  These  arms,  with  slight  alteration^ 
are  engraved  in  vol  ii.,Whitaker's  edition 
of  the  Dticatus  Leodiensis,  Appendix,  p. 
125.  They  were  in  the  parish  church  of 
Leeds  and  are  described  in  Qlover's 
*  Visitation,  1584. 

1.  Argent,  3  chevrons  embraced  sable, 
on  a  chief  3  mullets  pierced  (Danby). 

2.  6  billets,  3,  2,  1  ermine  (Britlevile). 

3.  Quarterly,  1  and  4  gules,  3  cushions 
argent,  tasselled  or  within  a  border  en- 


grailed of  the  second,  2  and  3,  argent,  2 
chains  in  Saltier  linked  by  an  annulet  sa. 
(lied  man). 

See  also  Tonge's  Visitation,  Surtees 
Society,  p.  87. 

^  Taiikersley. 

^  Thomas  Savile  of  Hullenedge,  Esq., 
married  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Stansfeld 
of  Stansfeld. 

^  Nevile  of  Liveniedge. 


no 


ELL  AND   CHUECH. 


In  Memory  of  John  Thornhill'*  of 
Fixby  Esq'  who  died  on  the  21»*  day  of 
Oct  1669,  in  the  54^  year  of  his  Age. 
Ho  was  twice  married    for  his  first  Wife 
he  had  Dorothy  Collinbell''  Daughter  6^ 
Heiress  of  George  Collinbell  Esq'^  in 
Derbyshire.     From  this  happy  Wedlock 
he  had  but  one  Daughter  named  Ann, 
who  died,  within  y^  compass  of  two  Years. 
He  afterwards  married  Everilde,  eldes^ 

Daughter  6^  Coheiress  of  Sir  George 

Wentworth,  Knight  of  Wooley,  in  the 

County  of  York,  Sep*  17*»»  1650,  by  whom 

ho  had  3  Sons  6r*  3  Daughters,  Viz.  Everilde," 

Elifsabeth,  John,  George,  Frances  6^  Tho% 

Elifsabeth  e^  John,  died  young.    He  lies 

interred  near  this  Place.      FAREWELL. 

Requiescat  in  pace  qui  pacifice  Vixit. 

Arms — Thomhill,  impaling  (Wyvill)  Gules,  three  cherronels  braced 
in  base  vaire,  a  chief  or. 

In 

Memory 

of  Gborge  Thornhill  Esq'** 

who  married  the  sole  Daughter 

of  Thomas  Wivill  Esq'  by  her 

had  Eight  Sons  &*  Three  Daugh" 

he  died  in  the  32^**  year  of  his  Age 

in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  1687. 

Whose  Body  now  rests  in  Peace 

waiting  the  Resurrection  of  the 

just. 


•*  John  Thornhill  was  justice  of  the 
peace  in  the  VVest  Riding,  and  major  of  the 
foot  regiment  for  Agbrig  and  Morley. 

^  The  family  of  Columbell  lived  at 
Darley  in  Derbyshire,  their  arms  were 
sable,  three  doves  argent.  There  is  a 
pedigree  in  the  Visitation  of  Lincolnshire. 
— Qenealog'.st,  vol.  vi.  143. 

^  Everilde  married  Thos.  Horton  of 
Barkisland.  Frances  was  baptised  at 
Hartshead,  Sept  11,  1651.  and  died  1718, 
having  left  by  her  will  £900  for  charities 
in  Elland.    iShe  printed  a  catechism. 

^  He  was  baptised  Aug.  16, 1655,  and 
died  suddenly.  The  liev.  Oliver  Hey- 
wood  givea  the  following  account: — '*Mr. 
George  Thomhill  of  Fixby,  Justice  of 
Peace,  rode  out  to  the  moor  with  his 
man,  Aug.  11.  Was  seized  on  violently 
With  griping  of  guts,  fel  down,  his  body 
broke,  dyed  after  they  got  him  home, 
buryed  at  Ealand  Aug.  19.  87  ;  left  9 


children,  his  wife  big  of  the  10th."-»Hey- 
wood's  Register,  ed.  L  H.  Turner.  His 
family  were:  Brian,  Thomas,  John 
George  (see  afterwards),  William,  Miohsd, 
Marmaduke.  Askolf  died  young.  Ersr- 
ilde  married  Sir  Arthur  Oayley,  Bui, 
Mary  and  Anne  died  unmarried,  aod 
were  buried  with  their  mother,  Mut, 
daughter  and  heiress  of  Thomas  Wyrill, 
Esq.,  of  Bellerby,  by  Mary,  daughter  of 
Christ.  Place,  Esq.,  of  Dinsdale,  eo. 
Durham,  in  York  Minster,  where  there  is 
a  monument  with  the  following  inaorip* 
tion : — 

In  Memory  of  Mrs.  Mart  TaoRNHlLl« 

Relict  of  George  Thomhill,  i^sq'., 

of  Fixby  in  this  County, 

who  died  the  6*^  day  of  January  in  tfie 

year  1726-7. 

in  the  71*'  year  of  her  age. 


ELLAKD  CHUHCU. 


Ill 


Amu — Thomhill — 

In  this  CHOIR 

Lieth  interred  the  Body  of 

BRIAN  THORNHILL  » 

of  Fixby,  Esq^  who  died  y«  26*»>  day 

of  July  1701,  Aged  24. 

Also  the  Body  of 

THOMAS  THORNHILL ,»  ESQ* 

who  died  y«  18th  of  May  1751,  Aged  73. 

Also  the  Body  of 

JOHN  THORNHILL,^  ESQ* 

who  died  y«  25th  FebJ  1756,  Aged  77. 

Also  the  Body  of 

GEORGE  THORNHILL,^  ESQ* 

who  died  y^  30^»»  Bec^  1754  Aged  73 

All  sons  of 

GEORGE  THORNHILL, 

of  Fixby  Esq'  who  died  in  y«  year  1687 

as  appears  by  his  monument  within 

this  CHOIR. 

Also  SARAH  THORNHILL,  Relict  of  the  first 

mentioned  George  Thomhill,  who  died 

the  5^  day  of  May,  1758  aged  52. 


Arms, — Ermine,  a  griffin  segreant  gules. 

This  MONUMENT 

Likewise  preserves  the  Memory  of  Tho» 

Grantham  '=*  Esq'  of  Mure  in  the  County  of 


Aud  of  her  daughter  Anne, 
who  died  the  1 1***  day  of  February  in  the 
Year  1755, 
in  the  CS***  year  of  her  age. 
And  of  her  daughter  Mart, 
who  died  the  25th  day  uf  September  in 
the  Year  1768, 
Aged    83    year*. 
%  whose  orders  in  her  will  this  monu- 
ment is  erected, 
And  who  all  Lie  Iuterr*d  in  this 
Cathedral. 

^  Brian  Thornhill  married  29  Aug., 
1699,  Frances,  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Joshua  Wilson,  Ksq.,  by  whom  one 
slaughter,  who  died  young.  His  wife 
survived  and  married  to  her  second 
husband.  Sir  Francis  Leicester,  Bart. 

^  High  Sheriflf  of  Yorkshire,  1745, 
diod  unmarried. 

"^  Of  Gray's  Inn,  Barrister-at-Law, 
died  unmarried. 

^  George  Thomhill,  lived  at  Didding- 
toD,  in  Huntingdonshire,  and  married 
Sarah,  daughter  of   John  Bame,    Esq., 


of  Eirkby,  in  Lincolnshire.  They  had 
Mary,  who  married  Miles  Bame,  Esq.,  of 
Sotterley,  in  Suffolk.  Thomas,  who  suc- 
ceeded to  the  estate  and  was  High  SberilF 
of  Yorkshire,  1766.  SatMh,  married  to 
Sir  John  Blois.  of  CockEeld  Hall,  in 
Suffolk,  Bart.  John  snd  Miles,  who  died 
young,  and  Geor^ie  of  Diddington,  mar- 
ried to  Mary  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir 
Cassar  Hawkins  of  Kelston,  Somerset, 
and  ancestor  of  the  Diddington  branch 
of  the  Thornhill  family. 

^*  Sir  Launcelot  Alford,  of  Meaux 
Abbey,  knighted  by  Jas.  I.  at  York,  16U3, 
grantee  of  the  site  of  the  monastery  from 
Sir  Christopher  Hatton,  5th  October, 
28  Llizabeth,  had  a  son,  Sir  William, 
who  had  by  his  second  marriage  a 
daughter,  Dorothy,  married  to  Thomas 
Grantham,  son  and  beir  of  Sir  Thomas 
Grantham,  of  Goltho,  in  Lioculnshire. 
The  Meaux  estate  was  settled  on  her 
1638.  They  had  Thomas  Grantham,  to 
whom,  with  his  wife  Frances  Went  worth, 
is  this  monument.  These  had  Vincent, 
who  died  young  ;  Elizabeth,  married  to 


112 


ELLAND  CHUfiCH. 


York,  Son  of  Tbo»  Grantham  Esq'  late 

of  Goltho  in  the  County  of  Lincoln.    He 

married  Frances,  second  daughter  of  S' 

George  Wentworth  of  Wooley,  and  departed* 

this  Life  at  Fixby,  April  1»'  1668,  in  the 

35^  Year  of  his  Age,     John  Grantham, 

youngest  Son  of  the  said  Tho»  Grantham 

Esq"-  of  Goltho,  died  at  Fixby  *«  March  7'*» 

1667  in  the  17***  Year  of  his  Age.     Frances 

Grantham,  Wife  of  the  abovesaid  Tho» 
Grantham,  Esq'  of  Mure,  died  March  12'*> 

1692  and  lies  in  her  Husband's  Grave. 

Beside  them,  lies  Vincent  Grantham  their 

only  Son,  who  died  when  he  was  twelve 

years  of  Age,  whose  bodies  now  rests  in  Peace 

waiting  the  Ilesurrection  of  the  just 


In  Memory  of 

Thomas  Hortox  **  Esq'**^  of  Barkislaud  Hall  and  Everilde 

his  Wife,  Daughter  of  John  Thornhill  Esq"  of  Fickesby 

by  whom  ho  had  six  sons  and  five  daughters  of  which  the  only 

Survivors  were, 
Susanna*-  married  to  Richard  Bold  Esq^  of 

Bold  in  Lancasliire 
Elizabeth  married  to  Richard  Beaumont  Esq' 

of  Whitley  Hall 

Anne  Horton  here  interred  Ap.  22,  1750, 

by  whose  order  this  Monument  was  erected. 


Geoffrey  Palmer,  and  Dorothea,  who  had 
the  Meaux  estate,  and  was  married  to 
James  Holte.  Their  daughter  sold  the 
Meauz  estate  in  1712  (Poulson's  Holder- 
ness  and  pedigree  of  Alford,  Collectanea 
Top.  et  Gen.,  Vol.  iV.). 

^  They  must  have  lived  a  good  deal  at 
Fixby,  for  Frances  Grantham  left,  ao- 
cordin.^  to  Watson,  "to  the  poor  of 
Eland  and  Fikesby  a  charity,  viz.,  to  20 
poor  men  one  shilling  a-piece,  to  20  poor 
women  one  shilling  apiece,  and  to  12 
boys  one  shilling  apiece,  also  lo  shillings 
yearly  to  the  poor  of  Eland,  and  the  same 
sum  to  poor  of  Rastrick."  The  Rev.  O. 
Heywood  also  mentions  in  his  Diary, 
*'  Mr.  Uolt  of  Castleton  married  Lady 
Grantham's  Daughter  to  Mr.  Wood  at 
ffixby,  Rastrick,  ffeb.  24,  1678.*' 

*^  Thomas  Horton,  Esq.,  was  eldest 
son  of  William  Horton,  of  Barkisland, 
who  bought  Howroyd,  by  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Mr.  Gledhill,  of  Barkisland 
Hall.  He  was  born  1651  and  died  1698. 
The  Rev.  Oliver  Heywood  refers  to  him 
in  his  regi'^ter.    '*  Mr.  Thomas  Horton  of 


Barsland,  Justice  of  Peace,  dyed  Jan.  2, 
was  buiyed  at  Ealand  Jan.  7,  1693-9, 
aged  48.**  He  also  refers  to  his  wife 
'*Mrs.  Horton  of  Barsland  (Justice  H. 
wife)  buried  ffebr.  17,  1690,  aged  33" 
(Northowram  Register,  ed.  J.  H.  Turner). 
*^  Watson  says  that  there  is  a  mistake 
in  this  inscription,  and  that  the  names 
Susanna  and  Elizabeth  are  miaplaoed. 
This  will  appear  by  the  following  epitaph 
in  K^rkheaton  Church  given  in  Whi> 
aker*s  Leeds  :— 

Here  lieth  the  Body  of 

Susanna,  the  Relict  of 

Rich**.  Beaumont,  Esq'. 

Ute  of  WhiUey  HaU 

by  whom  she  had  four  sona 

and  eleven  daughters. 

She  was  one  of  the  Dauf  hten 

and  Coheiresses  of 

Thos.  Horton,  Esq'., 

of  Barkisland  Hall, 

and  died  the  19th  of 

January,  1730, 

in  y'  48*''  year  of  her  age. 


ELLAKD   CHUKCH. 


113 


Anns, — Horton,  Gules,  a  lion  rampant  argent  charged  on  the  shoulder 
ith  a  boar's  head  couped  azure  within  a  bordure  engrailed  of  the  second, 
impaling,  Azure,  six  annulets  or  (Musgrave). 

Near  this  Place  below 

Lies  interred  the  body  of  William  Horton  ^  of  Howroyd 

Who  died  in  the  64***  year  of  his  Age  in  1715. 

He  married  Mary  the  youngest  daughter 

Of  Sir  Kichard  Musgrave  of  Hayton  Castle 

In  the  County  of  Cumberland  Bar* 

By  whom  he  had  two  sons  William  &  Bichard 

The  eldest  William  Horton,**  of  Coley,  Esq'  died 

In  the  38*^^  year  of  his  Age  in  1739. 

And  Bichard  Horton,**  the  younger  son,  of  Howroyd,  Esq' 

Who  died  a  Batchelor  in  the  35***  year  of  his  Age 

In  the  year  1742. 

In  memory  of  whom  this  monument  was  erected 

By  the  Belict  and  Mother  of  the  Deceased 

And  present  Possessor  of  Howroyde  M"  Mary  Horton 

Who  designedly  omitted  many  deserved  Praises 

Least  some  Honour  should  thereby  redound 

To  Herself. 

This  Monument  likewise  Preserves  the  Memor^^ 

of 

M'*  Mary  Horton  sole  owner  of  Howroyd® 

Who  died  21  Mar**  1750  aged  70. 

Her  friendship  was  sincere  &  zealous 

To  her  neighbours  she  studied  to  be  useful 

In  prudent  Hospitality  seldom  equal'd 

To  the  Poor  she  was  not  Liberal  only 

But  Compassionate 

Let  us  not  be  content  to  lament  &  admire  he' 

But  let  us  imitate  and  follow  her  Steps. 


Sacred 

To  the  Memory  of 

THOMAS  HORTON  ESQUIRE 

of  Howroyde  in  this  Parish 

For  many  years  an  active 

Magistrate  and  Deputy  Lieutenant 

for  the  West  Riding  and  Lancashire 

He  departed  this  life  Dec.  26,  1829 

Aged  62  years. 


Q .       Mr.  Waiiam  Horton  of  Barsland  and 
***  Bichard  Musgrave's  daughter  marryed 

\\  ^jpponden,  Dec.  12,  1700.  Mr.  Horton 

^^  Barkialand  died  Feb.  19, 1716  (North- 

**^^^m  Register,  62,  268). 
~^**  William    Horton,    Esq.,  Justice  of 
*^eace,  died  at  Coley  Hall  Feb'  27,  bur. 
*U  Eland,  Mar.   5,  1740.      He   married 
^^aiy  Chester  and  had  a  son.    William 

VOL.   X. 


Horton,  son  of  Mr.  Horton  of  Coley  Hall, 
died  of  smallpox  Aug.  2,  1730,  buried 
at  Eland,  Aug.  3  ;  also  a  daughter,  Mary, 
who  died  unmarried,  and  was  buried  at 
Elland  1769  (Northowram  Register,  306, 
328). 

^^  Mr.  Richard  Horton  of  Holroide, 
near  Barkisland,  died  June  8,  1742 
(Northowram  Register,  332). 


114  ELLAKD  CHUBCH. 

Ako  to  the 

LADY  MARY  HORTON^ 

Relict  of  the  aboTe 

who  died  at  Howroyde 

on  the  7<^  August  1852 

aged  90  years 

siDcerely  beloTed  and  regretted 

by  all  who  knew  her. 


Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Benjamin  Walker  late  of  Bay  Hall,  near 
Huddersficld  who  departed  this  life  the  29^  June  1808  aged  88  yean 
And  of  Daniel  Rusuforth  of  Elland  who  died  the  31"^  of  March  1810 
iu  the  73^  year  of  his  age.  He  was  through  Life  a  pious  and  faithful 
Observer  of  religious  and  moral  Duties.  Qualis  iUe  fuit,  iiidicabit 
suprema  dies.  Also  Makt  wife  of  the  above  Daniel  Rushporth  &  niece 
of  Benjamin  Walker  who  departed  this  Life  the  30'*»  March  1815  in 
the  78^  year  of  her  Age.  Richard  Walker  Rushforth  grandson  of  the 
above  Daniel  Rushforth  died  November  22  1875,  Aged  82. 

Arms. — Argent,  a  bend  sable,  in  chief  an  eagle  displayed  vert,  in  base 
a  cross  crosslet  of  the  second  (Rushforth). 

In  memory  of  Elizabeth,  Daughter  of  Richard  and  Martha  Colling- 
wood  of  Bay  Hall  near  Huddersfield  and  wife  of  Joseph  Rushforth  of 
Elland  who  departed  this  life  April  28»»»  1808,  Aged  39  years.  Also 
Joseph  son  of  Daniel  and  Mary  Rushforth  of  Elland  And  Husband  of 
the  Above  named  Elizabeth  who  departed  this  life  October  28*^  1841, 
A«red  73  years.  Also  Mary  Anne  Rushforth,  daughter  of  Charles  and 
Mary  Evans  of  Chelsea  in  Middlesex  and  relict  of  the  above  named 
Joseph  Rushforth  who  departed  this  life  Nov.  5^  1856,  aged  82  years. 

Sacred  to  the  Menioiy  of  Jeremiah  Dyson,  Merchant  many  years 
resident  in  Lisbon,  and  a  member  of  the  British  Factory  there  He  died 
at  Willow  Hall  in  Skircoat  Feb.  20*^  1791  Aged  54  years.  Also  in 
memory  of  Elizabeth  the  wife  of  Thomas  Dyson  of  Willow  Edge  in 
Skircoat  who  departed  this  life  on  the  14th  Day  of  July  1816  Aged 
68  years.  Also  of  Thomas  Dyson,  who  departed  this  life  on  tlie  31*^ 
of  August  1827  iu  the  83""^  year  of  his  age.  His  brother  Thomas  Dyson 
Partner  and  executor  erected  this  Monument  in  memory  of  his  Love  and 
Fiaternal  Regard. 

Arms. — Per  pale  or  and  azure,  the  sun  half-faced  sable  and  the  other 
gold  (Dyson). 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  John  Haigh  Esq.  of  Longley  in  Norland  obiit 
the  27  of  November  1791  etat  91  years.  Also  of  John  Haigh  sou  of  the 
above  mentioned,  obiit  the  22**  of  July  1808  etat  70  years.  Also  of 
Susannah  daughter  of  John  Walker  Esq.  of  Weathersgreen  in  Sowerby 
and  relict  of  the  last  mentioned  John  Haigh.  obiit  the  5^  day  of  May 
1818,  etat  75  years. 

^*  Lady  Mary  Qordon,  youngest  daughter  of  George,  3rJ  Earl  of  Aberdeen. 


ELLAND   CHUBCH. 


115 


In  memory  of  Mary  the  wife  of  John  Crowther,  Surgeon,  of  this 
I^]ace  who  died  July  22^  1817,  Aged  50  years.    Her  life  was  peace  and 
^er  end  triumphantly  happy. 


Sacred  to  the  memory  of  John  Hirst,  Esquire  of  Bradley  Mills,  near 
Halifax.  Who  died  21»^  August  1837,  Aged  62.  As  a  husband,  a 
father  and  a  friend  He  was  affectionate  kind  and  sincere  His  cheerful, 
hospitable  and  generous  Disposition  endeared  him  to  all  his  acquaintance. 
This  monument  is  erected  by  her  Who  best  knew  his  worth  His  deeply 
<ieploring  widow.     Hie  requiescat  in  pace. 

The  deplored  widow,  Delia  Hirst  died  4^^  March  1843.     Aged  49. 

Ill  memory  of  Rebecca  wife  of  William  Wilkinson  of  Brow  House, 
in  Greetland,  and  daughter  of  Samuel  and  Mary  Walker  of  Holywell 
Creen.  Who  was  bom  in  Stainland  on  the  17*'^  day  of  March  1792, 
died  on  the  21"*  day  of  June  1852,  Aged  60  years.  Also  of  the  above 
said  William  Wilkinson,  who  died  on  the  lO***  day  of  May  1853, 
Aged  64  years. 

In  memory  of  Mary,  the  wife  of  Ely  Wilkinson,  Esquire,  of  Broad 
Co-rr  who  died  April  6^  1840,  Aged  67  years.  Also  of  the  above  said 
^ly  Wilkinson  Esquire  who  died  September  1*'  1847,  Aged  70  years. 
Also  of  Ely  their  son,  who  died  Jan''  2*i  1853,  Aged  40  yeai-s. 

Sacred  to  the    Memory    of  Northend   Nicholls,*^  Esq'^  who    having 

formerly  served  as  a  Captain  in  his  Majesty's  37*^  Kegiment  of  Foot,  in 

'^'H  ich  he  distinguished  himself,  during  the  long  and  arduous  Campaign  in 

N'c>r-th  America,  as  well  as  in  othtr  parts  of  the  Globe,  at  last  sought 

retirement  from  Public  Life,  at  Elland,  the  place  of  his  nativity,  where  he 

tli^d  on  the  27*^  day  of  July,  1818,  Aged  81  years.     Likewise,  of  Sarah 

^^"ood,  only  sister  of  the  above  Northend  Nicholls,  formerly  ofStaups 

H<:>ti8e,  in  Northowram,  near  Halifax,  who  died  on  the  15*^*  day  of  June 

1^07,  Aged  77  years.     The   remains   of    both    were  deposited  in  the 

f'*-ii:iily  vault  in  this  church.     Also  of  Samuel   Wood,  Esq"^  only  son  of 

tt^o  above  Sarah  Wood,  who  after  a  residence  of  several  years  in  the  East 

I^^ lilies,  died  on  his  passage  from  thence  to  his  native  Country,  the  17***  day 

0^    July,  1798,  Aged  32  years.    His  remains  were  inteiTcd  in  the  Island 

^^  Tranquebar.    Likewise,  of  Martha  Hoyle,  wifa  of  the  Rev*^  K  Hoyle, 

Stockport,  Cheshire,  and  Daughter  of  the  aforesaid  Sarah  Wood  who 

^*^^d  on  the   16*^  day  of  June,  1824,  Aged  53  years.     In  life  she  was 

f^^pected  and  beloved,  and  in  death  lamented.  This  Monument  is  erected 

^y  a  near  Surviving  Relative  from  the  tenderest  motives  of  gratitude  and 

^*-Wection.     Likewise  Phoebe,  relict  of  the  late  John  Greenwood  Esq*"  of 

^^■osa  Hill,    Halifax,    and    daughter    of  the  above  Sarah  Wood    who 

^^parted  this  life,  December  19^^  1829,  in  the  68**'  year  of  her  age  whose 


.    '^'  Capt.  Nicholls  was  bom,  we  believe, 

V|)     the    house    lately    occupied   by   Mr. 

^iiinerton,   Surgeon,  and  was  the  son  of 

*^^^ac    Nicholls,     who    was    the    son    of 

•Jonathan  Nicholls,  of   NNell  Head,  Greet- 

^•^ud.    His  mother  was  a  Miss  Northend. 

^^    Lougshaw    in    Northowram,    whose 

itiaiden  name  he  received  in  baptism.    Ue 


was  first  Captain- Lieutenant  in  the  5Hh 
Ilegt.,  and  afterwards  Captain  in  the 
:^7th  Regt.,  and  at  a  later  period  of  hid 
life  he  was  Lieu  tenant- Colonel  with  Sir 
George  Armytage  of  Kirklees  of  the 
Huddersfield  Volunteera  (Local  Port- 
folio Halifax  Guardian), 

I  2 


116  ELLANP   CHUKCH. 

memory  must  long  live  in  the  hearts  of  her  surviving  relatives  and  friends, 
from  her  benevolence  and  unbounded  hospitality.  Abo  of  the  Rev^ 
Charles  John  Wood  Barton,  B.A.  grandson  of  the  above  E.  and  Martha 
Hoyle,  and  son  of  the  Kev^  Charles  Barton,  who  died  at  Canton  iu 
China,  Sep*  2  1851,  aged  25  years. 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Thomas  Drake  Esquire,  Late  of  Asbday 
Hall  iu  this  Parish,  Who  departed  this  life  at  Walworth  In  the  Parish 
of  St.  Mary,  Newington,  in  the  county  of  Surrey,  on  the  6*^  June  1819, 
in  the  77^^  year  of  his  age.  His  Kemains  are  deposited  in  the  Above 
Parish  of  S'  Mary,  Newington  with  those  of  his  late  wife. 

This  Monument  was  erected  by  his  nephew  Thomas  Drake  as  an 
unfeigned  tribute  of  gratitude  and  esteem  for  one  universally  Respected 
and  Lamented. 

Under  the  west  window  is  inscribed : — 

In  memory  of  the  Rev.  C.  Atkinson,  M.A..  Incumbent  of  Elland  for 
41  years,  also  of  the  Rev.  W.  Atkinson,  M.A.  his  son  and  successor  who 
faithfully  filled  his  place  for  G  years,  this  window  has  been  erected  in 
grateful  Remembrance  by  their  Parishioners  and  Friends  a.d.  1850. 

Under  the  east  window  in  north  aisle  :— 

This  window  was  erected  December  a.d.  1874  to  the  glory  of  God, 
and  in  memory  of  James  Hiley  Esq™  Surgeon  of  this  place,  and  Ann 
his  wife  who  both  died  in  a.d.  1836,  aged  respectively  53  and  54  years. 
Also  of  their  children  Mary  died  a.d.  1834  aged  30.  Nanny  died  a.d. 
1860  aged  54.  Rev.  John  Simeon,  M.A  died  a.d.  1865,  aged  54.  Rev. 
Simeon,  B.D.  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  died  ■a.d.  1871, 
aged  51. 

Under  a  window  in  north  aisle  : — 

In  affectionate  remembrance  of  Abraham  Hirst  of  Hullenedge  Esq"  by 
his  nephews  and  nieces  a.d.  1866. 

Under  a  window  in  south  aisle  : — 

Erected  by  A.  Pitchforth  in  affectionate  memory  of  his  late  family, 
June  1869. 

In  the  new  vestry  there  is  a  brass  plate  with  the  following 
inscription : — 

To  the  glory  of  God  and  in  Memory  of  his  dearly  beloved  wife  Amy 
Savilo,  who  died  Nov.  21"^  1878  and  is  laid  in  the  vault  of  Bilsthorpe, 
Notts,  this  vestry  has  been  erected  by  her  sorrowing  husband,  Henry 
Savile,  of  Rufford  Abbey,  Notts,  a.d.  1879. 


{To  be  continued,) 


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118  ON   THE   PKiSMONSTfiATENSlAN   ABBEY   OP 

the  reign  of  Edward  II.  it  came  under  tlie  patronage  of  the 
powerful  family  of  Scrope.  The  abbey  was  suppressed  in 
1535. 

A  chartulary  or  coucher-book  of  the  abbey,  existing  among 
the  manuscripts  at  Burton  Constable,  is,  I  believe,  the  only 
original  authority  on  the  history  of  the  abbey.  Until  this 
chartulary  is  properly  examined  and  studied,  nothing  can  be 
added  to  what  has  already  been  written  on  the  history  of 
the  abbey  by  Clarkson,  Whitaker,  and  others.  I  shall  there- 
fore confine  myself  in  this  paper  strictly  to  the  description 
of  the  buildings  and  their  uses,  so  far  as  they  can  be 
ascertained. 

The  abbey  is  situated  on  an  alluvial  flat,  about  a  mile  and 
a-half  below  the  town  of  Richmond,  on  the  left  bank  of  the 
river  Swale,  between  a  ridge  of  ground  on  the  east  and 
the  stream  on  the  west.  This  particular  site  was  chosen  be- 
cause one  of  the  earliest  possessions  of  the  abbey  was  ecclesiam 
sancte,  Agathe  de  Richmond^  now  the  parish  church  of 
Easby,  and  the  land  round  it,  situm  cjiisdem  loci ;  ^  and  like 
many  other  similar  cases  the  abbey  was  placed  near  the 
parish  church,  probably  in  order  that  the  canons  might  use 
it  while  their  own  was  building.  The  site  was  also  chosen 
near  the  river  for  sanitary  reasons. 

The  arrangement  of  the  abbey  buildings  is  somewhat  un- 
usual, and  it  is  not  quite  clear  why  they  were  so  planned  ;  it 
will  be  more  convenient  therefore  to  describe  them  generally 
before  attempting  any  explanations. 

The  chief  member  is,  of  course,  the  church,  which  liere 
occupies  the  centre  of  the  group  of  buildings.  On  its  south 
side  is  the  cloister,  with  various  apartments  ranged  round  it ; 
on  the  east  the  chapter-house,  sacristy,  and  parlour,  on  the 
south  the  frater,  and  on  the  west  the  cellarer  s  builJin^j^s, 
together  with  the  dormitoiy,  etc.  To  the  north  of  the 
church  is  a  most  interesting  group  of  buildings  forming  the 
infirmary'. 

The  parish  church,  which  was  already  in  existence  as  a 
building,  long  before  the  foundation  of  the  abbey,  stands 
within  its  own  cemetery  to  the  south-east  of  the  cloister. 
About  50  ft.  to  the  east  of  it  is  the  abbey  gatehouse,  opening 
into  the  outer  court  of  the  monastery,  which  lay  between  it 
and  the  river.     To  the  north-west  of  the  abbey  is  the  mill. 

1  Whitaker,  i.  110. 


ST.   AGATHA   JUXTA   IIICHMOND.  119 

The  church — which  is  cruciform  in  plan — as  originally 
laid  out  consisted  of  a  short  aisleless  choir  ;  north  and  south 
transepts,  each  with  an  eastern  aisle  containing  three  chapels ; 
and  a  nave  of  seven  bays,  with  north  and  south  aisles. 
There  was  also  probably  a  low  central  tower.  Although  the 
foundation  of  the  abbey  is  assigned  to  1152,  there  are  no 
traces  of  any  buildings  of  that  date  with  the  exception  of  a 
round-headed  arch,  with  a  double  row  of  beak-heads,  now  re- 
erected  on  much  later  jambs  at  the  foot  of  the  dorter  stairs. 
The  church  appears  to  have  been  begun  quite  a  quarter  of  a 
century  later,  when  the  Norman  style  was  giving  way  to  the 
early- English.  Unfortunately  the  remains  of  the  original 
church  are  but  small,  the  lower  parts  of  the  north  and  south 
choir  walls,  the  south  transept  aisle,  and  the  north  and  west 
walls  of  the  nortli  transept  with  a  fragment  of  its  aisle,  being 
all  that  is  left.  No  portion  of  the  nave  exists  except  part  of 
tlie  plinth  of  the  north  wall  of  the  north  aisle.  Imperfect  as 
the  remains  are,  they  are  yet  sufficient  to  show  that  although 
the  church  was  apparently  fully  laid  out,  its  erection  was 
somewhat  slow.  The  earliest  part  completed  \vas  the  south 
transept,  which  was  of  transitional-Norman  work,  circa  1180. 
The  choir  was  probably  of  the  same  date.  The  next  work 
was  the  north  transept,  but  it  was  not  built  until  the  early- 
English  style  had  come  into  fashion  ;  its  date  being  circa 
1190.  The  tower  over  the  crossing,  and  the  nave  and  aisles, 
would  follow.  The  outer  wall  of  the  south  aisle  was  usually 
an  early  built  work,  to  enable  the  north  cloister  alley  to  be 
placed  against  it.  The  original  church  was  about  170  ft. 
long,  and  88  ft.  9  in.  across  the  transepts. 

At  the  end  of  the  thirteenth  century  the  symmetrical  plan 
of  the  church  was  altered  by  building  a  large  chapel  on  its 
north  side,  in  the  angle  formed  by  the  transept  and  north  aisle 
walls ;  and  later  still,  probably  circa  1340,  the  choir  was 
extended  to  its  present  length,  and  a  chapel  or  vestry  erected 
on  its  south  .side. 

In  its  present  form  the  choir  is  6  bays  long  and  measures 
93  ft.  6  in.,  by  23  ft.  3  in.  in  breadth.  The  height  to  which 
the  walls  remain  varies.  The  north  w^all  for  its  western  half 
is  ruined  to  the  plinth  levels,  but  the  eastern  half  stands 
about  0  feet  high,  though  not  high  enough  for  the  window- 
sills  to  be  preserved.  The  east  wall  is  of  the  ^ame  height. 
The  easternmost  one- third  of  the  south  wall  rom^tiaa  to  the 


120  ON   THK    PRiEMONSTRATENSIAN   ABBEY   OF 

lieiglit  of  a  course  or  two  above  the  plinths ;  the  next  one- 
third  is  ruined  to  its  base ;  while  the  remainder  is  about  1 8  ft. 
high,  and  retains  one  side  of  a  window. 

The  extent  of  the  original  choir  is  easily  seen  by  a  break 
in  the  plinths  outside  the  north  wall  at  about  half  the  now 
total  length  ;  it  is  also  apparent,  though  less  clearly,  outside 
the  opposite  wall.  West  of  the  junction  the  buttresses  were 
simple  flat  pilasters  about  4  ft.  broad  and  10  in.  projection, 
M'ith  clasping  strips  at  the  angles,  but  those  of  the  new  work 
measured  2  ft.  in  width  and  projected  3  ft.,  and  the  angle 
buttresses  were  set  diagonally.  There  is  a  curious  variation 
in  the  plinths  of  the  added  part ;  on  the  south  the  upper 
member  has  an  ogee  section,  but  along  the  east  and  north 
walls  this  is  simply  a  plain  chamfer,  like  the  lower  member 
all  round. 

Of  the  arrangements  of  the  choir  no  traces  remain.  In 
the  north  wall  aro  two  shallow  sepulchral  recesses,  with  low- 
pointed  arches  with  hoodinolds  and  plain  chamfered  con- 
tinuous moldings  of  two  orders.  The  recesses  are  too  narrow 
for  either  monumental  slabs  or  effigies.  They  are  popularly 
supposed  to  be  the  tombs  of  the  founder  and  his  wife.  Almost 
opposite,  in  the  second  bay  of  the  south  wall  is  another  almost 
equally  narrow  sepulchral  recess,  to  the  west  of  which  a  long 
slab  in  the  wall  with  a  chamfered  edge  indicates  the  place  of 
the  sedilia.  Below  the  sedilia  two  persons  lie  interred.  Im- 
mediately to  the  west  are  two  graves  ^  side  by  side,  carefully 
constructed  of  masonry  and  lined  with  plaster.  The  southern 
one  is  formed  in  the  thickness  of  the  wall  (see  Plan),  and 
part  of  the  back  of  the  arch  above  it  remains,  wuth  the  groove 
for  the  covering  slab.  The  northern  grave  was  constructed 
at  the  same  time  as  the  other,  and  is  only  divided  from  it  by  an 
ashlar  wall  6  in.  thick.  These  graves  were  discovered  some 
years  ago,  when  the  area  of  the  church  was  cleared  out  by 
Mr.  R.  M.  Jaques.  They  contained  human  skulls  and  bones, 
mingled  with  loose  rubbish. 

In  the  fourth  bay  are  traces  of  a  doorway  which  opened 
into  a  chamber,  probably  the  sncristy.  This  measured  23  ft. 
by  16  ft.,  but  is  ruined  to  its  lower  plinth.  It  retains  the 
base  of  an  altar  in  situ  and  part  of  a  step  running  across  its 
whole  width.     The  erection  of  this  chapel  must  have  caused 

2  Now  again  filled  up  with  rubbish. 


ST.    AGATHA   JUXTA    IIICHMOND.  121 

a  serious  loss  of  light  both  to  the  transept  and  choir,  unless 
its  roof  was  of  low  pitch  and  the  walls  of  no  great  height. 

In  tlie  fifth  bay  are  the  remains  of  the  sill  and  the  west 
jamb  of  a  window.  This  was  clearly  an  insertion,  for  it  cuts 
through  and  intercepts  two  stiing-courses.  From  numerous 
pieces  of  tracery  found  during  the  recent  excavations  it  is 
evident  that  the  choir  windows  were  of  Decorated  date, 
circa  1340. 

In  the  first  state  of  the  church,  the  choir  stalls  must  have 
stood  in  the  crossing,  and  perhaps  extended  one  or  two  bays 
ilown  the  nave.  This  explains  the  absence  of  responds  to 
the  arch  at  the  entrance  to  the  eastern  arm,  which  would 
rest  on  corbels  instead.  When  the  choir  was  lengthened, 
the  stalls  were  moved  eastwards,  as  may  be  seen  from  the 
chopped  string-course  in  the  south  wall,  and  the  extent  east- 
wards of  the  pavement,  which  still  remains  under  the  turf. 

In  the  chancel  of  the  parish  church  of  Richmond  are 
some  remains  of  the  stall-work  which  was  removed  from 
here  at  the  suppression.^  There  are  eight  stalls  on  each 
side,  measuring  27  in.  from  centre  to  centre,  and  18  in.  in 
projection.  Two  on  each  side  were  once  returned  stalls, 
and  have  a  projection  of  10^  in.  only.  All  have  misericordes 
and  canopies,  and  part  of  the  fronts  also  remain.  The 
cornice  is  richly  carved  with  foliage,  which  has  a  series  of 
inscriptions  twisted  into  it.  A  shield  on  the  south  side  has 
the  letters  i)a  on  a  tun,  surmounted  by  a  crosier  and 
cltllias,  and  on  the  north  is  a  similar  shield  with  the  tun 
and  l)a.  This  is  the  rebus  of  Robert  Bampton,  who  was 
abbot  of  St.  Agatha  from  1515  till  the  suppression. 

It  has  already  been  pointed  out  that  nothing  remains  ot 
the  central  tower. 

Of  the  south  transept,  the  only  existing  portion  is  a 
fragment  of  the  plinth  of  its  south  wall.  Sufficient,  however, 
was  laid  bare  of  the  foundations  during  the  late  excavations 
to  show  that  it  was  the  same  size  as  the  north  transept,  of 
which  more  remains  above  ground. 

On  the  east  side  of  the  transept,  and  separated  from  it  by 
an  arcade,  was  an  aisle  of  three  bays.     This  arcade  was  of 

3  This  is  undoubtedly  a  real  instance  moyed  from  the   abbeys  of  St.  Agatha 

of  the  removal  of  the  spoil  of  a  monas-  and  Jervaulz  respectively,  were  certainly 

tery.     The  stalls  at  Wensley  and  the  made  for  the  churches  they  belong  to. 
screen  at  Aysgarth,  said  to  have  been 


122  ON    THE    PRJJ.MO^STRATEySIAN   ABBEY  OP 

late  transitional-Norman  work,  but  has  all  disappeared  except 
the  south  respond  and  the  plinth  of  the  north  one.  The 
south  respond  remains  to  its  full  height,  and  consists  of  a 
large  keeled  shaft  flanked  by  two  small  circular  ones,  the 
latter  having  capitals  with  square  abaci,  while  the  abacus 
of  the  principal  shaft  is  a  half  octagon.  The  aisle  is  lighted 
by  three  simple  14th-century  windows,  each  of  three  lights. 
At  the  same  time  that  these  windows  were  made  the 
flat  pilaster  buttresses  between  them  were  replaced  by 
others  of  bolder  projection.*  The  transept  aisle  was 
covered  with  a  quadripartite  vault,  with  wall  ribs  and 
good  moldings,  the  springers  of  which  rest  on  circular 
vaulting  shafts  with  semi-octagonal  capitals.  On  the  east 
side  these  shafts  stand  on  a  ledge  formed  by  setting  the 
wall  back  at  a  height  of  some  5  or  6  ft.  above  the  floor. 
Of  the  arrangement  of  this  aisle  sufficient  remains  to  show 
that  it  was  screened  off  from  the  transept,  and  that  there 
were  three  altars,  also  separated  by  screens.  The  northern- 
most window  has  had  its  sill  cut  down  for  the  reredos  of  the 
altar  below.  Above  this  aisle  are  the  remains  of  some 
alterations  made  in  the  16  th  century,  which  will  be  desciibed 
farther  on. 

Of  the  north  transept  the  north  and  west  walls  are  fairly 
perfect,  though  not  to  their  full  height.  The  west  wall 
retains  the  base  and  part  of  the  shafts  of  the  north  respond 
of  the  arch  opening  into  the  north  aisle.  It  also  has  high 
up,  the  sills  of  two  windows,  which  were  blocked  up  when 
the  north  chapel  was  built.  At  the  west  end  of  the  north 
wall  is  a  large  hole  cut  right  through  the  masonry.  Careful 
examination  shows  that  there  was  originally  a  small  stair- 
case here,  entered  from  the  transept.  This  led  to  the 
upper  floor  of  the  building  outside  the  transept,  but  it  had 
also  a  window  looking  into  the  church,  2  ft.  9  in.  wide,  with 
a  segmental  head  15  ft.  from  the  pavement,  probably  to 
command  certain  lights  or  altars.  There  is  evidence,  too,  of 
a  small  loop  having  opened  into  the  north  chapel.  To  the 
east  of  the  staircase  is  a  large  door,  flanked  on  the  outside 
by  jamb  shafts,  which  opened  into  the  northern  group  of 
buildings.  Above  it  is  the  sill  of  a  large  window  of  five  or 
six  lights.     Of  the  eastern  aisle  only  the  north  wall  remains 

*  The  plinths  of  the  older  ones  may  be  seen  behind  the  added  buttrosses. 


ST.    AGATHA   JUXTA   RICHMOND.  123 

to  any  lieight,  but  enough  is  left  of  other  details  to  show 
that  it  closely  resembled  that  on  the  south  side,  and  with 
added  buttresses  on  the  east.  The  arcade,  however,  was 
different  in  plan. 

Of  the  nave  and  its  aisles  nothing  remains  except  a 
fragment  of  rougli  walling  at  the  west  end  of  the  soutli 
aisle,  and  the  plinth  of  the  north  aisle  wall  for  four  bays  and 
a  half.  In  the  fifth  bay  one  solitary  stone  has  been  spared 
to  show  that  there  was  a  door  here.  Between  the  third 
and  fourth  bays  a  sepulchral  recess  has  been  cut  out  of 
the  wall. 

The  north  chapel  measures  41  ft.  by  17  ft.  The  external 
plinths  of  the  old  walls  of  the  aisles  and  transept  are  now 
visible  inside  the  chapel.  It  consists  of  three  bays,  each 
containing  a  three-light  window,  which  had  plain  intersecting 
tracery  with  cusped  openings.  There  was  a  similar  window 
in  the  west  wall.  Remains  of  the  altar,  its  platform,  and 
step  exist  at  the  east  end.  In  the  wall  above  the  altar  a 
chimsy  bracket  has  been  inserted.  High  up  in  the  nortli- 
east  angle  a  gap  in  the  wall  marks  the  position  of  the 
spy -hole  from  the  staircase  in  the  transept. 

Considerable  portions  of  the  pavement  remain  under  tho 
turf  throughout  the  nave,  aisles,  and  transept.  It  consists  of 
plain  stone  slabs,  laid  in  courses  alternately  wide  and  narrow, 
and  running  from  north  to  south.  This  appears  to  be  the 
original  arrangement,  for  most  of  the  stones  are  marked  with 
a  mason's  mark  like  a  Lombardic  I,  which  also  occurs  on  tho 
oldest  work  in  the  church. 

Among  the  witnesses  called  in  the  famous  case  of  Scropo 
f.  Grosvenor,  1385-13.90,  respecting  the  right  to  bear  a 
shield  azure,  a  heiid  or,  claimed  both  by  Richard  le  Scropo 
and  Robert  Grosvenor,  was  John,  abbot  of  St.  Agatha, 
whose  evidence  contains  some  interesting  facts  relating  to 
tombs  then  in  the  abbey  church.  Being  asked  if  any  of 
the  Scrope  family  were  buried  in  his  abbey,  and  who  they 
were,  and  how  they  were  buried,  he  said  that  Sir  Richard 
le  Scrope's  father  (Henry  Scrope,  oh.  1336),  "lies  in  the 
same  abbey  above  the  choir  higher  than  their  choir  in  a 
part  of  their  church  buried  under  high  stones,  and  upon  the 
stone  a  knight  graven  of  stone  and  painted  with  these  same 
arms,  azure,  a  bend  or ; "  that  Sir  Richard's  elder  brother, 
Sir  William  de  Scrope  (o6.  1344)  also  "lies  on  an  high 


121 


ON   THE    PRiBilONSTRATENSlAN   ABDICY   OP 


tomb,  all  armed,  and  the  arms  graven  on  a  shield  repre- 
sented upon  him  without  painting  of  colours.**  The  abbot 
added  that  "many  others  of  their  lineage  are  buried 
under  flat  stones,  and  upon  the  same  stones  are  flatly 
graven  their  images  for  sculptures,  and  their  shields 
i-epresented  for  sculptures  with  the  arms,  and  on  one  side 
of  the  shield  represented  a  sword  all  naked/'  * 

It  is  quite  evident  from  this  that  the  most  important 
Scrope  tombs  stood  east  of  the  choir,  near  the  high  altar, 
though  their  precise  positions  are  not  indicated.  In  all 
probability  the  several  graves  and  sepulchral  recesses  de- 
scribed as  existing  in  the  choir,  mark  the  resting-places  of 
some  of  the  family.  Sir  Henry  Scrope's  tomb  probably 
stood  in  the  centre,  for  the  abbot  calls  him  "one  of  the 
founders  of  the  same  abbey ;  ''  and  a  document,  quoted 
below,  states  that  circa  cujus  tumulum  dicta  arma  sunt 
solempniter  sculpta  et  j^a^eu^cr  depicta  in  viginti  locis^ 
which  can  but  refer  to  a  detached  tomb  with  sculptured 
panels.  It  is  to  be  noted  that  the  abbot  makes  no  mention 
of  a  "  Scrope  chapel,"  and  the  ascription  of  this  title  to  the 
chapel  on  the  north  of  the  nave,  which  was  then  standing,  is 
but  a  modern  invention.  In  addition  to  the  abbot's  evi- 
dence, an  interesting  schedule  was  put  in  by  William  Irby, 
official  of  llichmond,  also  in  favour  of  the  Scropes.  It 
describes  the  state  of  things  in  1386,  and  no  apology  is 
needed  for  giving  so  valuable  a  document  in  full : — 


^  Tlie  following  is  tbe  full  text  of  the 
abbot's  evidence,  which  is  here  ^iven,  as 
the  printed  version  of  the  original  is  a 
scarce  work:  "  Joh'n  labbb  de  Seint 
Aga«  e  (lage  de  quarant  ana  et  pluis  pro- 
duct p'  la  partie  de  raons*"  Richard 
l^escrop*^  jurrez  et  examinez  detnandez  si 
ascuns  portantz  lez  nouns  de  Scrop"  sount 
entetrez  en  soA  abbey  ou  nemy  dit  que 
oyl  demandcz  quex  y  sont  et  coment  ils 
Bount  enterrez  ou  dedeyns  la  terre  ou  s' 
la  terre  dit  que  la  pier  de  mons^  Richard 
(jore  est  gist  en  mesme  labbey  desouz  le 
quere  pluis  haut  que  lour  quere  en  le  un 
partie  de  lour  esglise  enterrez  desouz 
hautez  peers  et  desure  le  peer  un  chival- 
roit  gravez  du  peer  et  depeyntez  de 
luesmez  cestes  armes  dazure  ove  un  beude 
dor  que  homme  appelloit  en  soil  vivant 
mons"  Henr"*  Lescrop"  un  dez  fundo''s  de 
messme  labbey  le  quelle  Henr~  Lescrop"* 
avoit  un  fitz  mons"  William  de  Scrop'' 


leisne  frere  a  rnoiis~  Richard  Lescrop^'qu* 
unqore  vist  et  gist  gi-avez  en  un  haut 
toumbe  tout  armeez  et  lez  armes  graves 
en  un  escue  p'^treitz  sur  luy  sanz  do- 
peynfre  de  colons  et  plnsours  autres  de 
lour  lynage  enterrez  platement  desouti 
plate  peers  et  desure  mesmes  lez  peers 
gravez  platement  lour  ymagez  pour  sculp* 
turez  et  lour  escus  p^'tretz  pour  seulptuiT 
ove  lez  armez  et  al  un  costie  del  escue 
p'treit  un  espye  tout  neive  et  lour  annei 
en  verrure  p  tout  lesgUse  de  Seint  Agaoe 
en  fenestrz'  en  tablez  dev^nt  autrea  en 
vestementz  du  dit  abbey  en  sales  en 
verrure  des  salez  en  verrure  dez  feneatres 
en  lour  refretto'  et  auxi  lour  armes'  ea 
caas  de  corporas  de  soy  oousu  la  feaanoe 
du  quele  corporas  et  de  la  dono'  paase 
memoir." — Scrope  and  Grosvenor  Con- 
troversy, vol.  i.  95,  edited  by  Sir  Harris 
Nicholas.  London,  1832. 


ST.   AGATHA   JUXTA   RICHMOND.  125 

Arraa  nobilis  viri  doraiQi  Ricardi  le  Scrop  militis  videlicet  de  aziira 
cum  UQO  bende  de  auro  contiaentur  et  sunt  depicta  sculpta  et  facta  in 
locis  infrascriptis. 

In  prim  is  in  monasterio  Sancte  Agathe  juxta  Rich  em*  jacet  corpus 
domiiii  Henrici  le  Scrop  patris  dicti  domini  Ricardi  humatum  et  super 
ipsius  tumulum  in  sui  memoriam  est  quedam  ymago  sculpta  et  depicta 
in  dictis  armis  cum  scuto  do  dictis  armis  circa  collum  suum  qui  quidem 
dominus  Henricus  ibidem  sepultus  fuit  viij  idus  Septembris  anno  Domini 
millesimo  ccc™®  tricesimo  sexto  circa  cujus  tumulum  dicta  anna  sunt 
Bolempniter  sculpta  et  patenter  depicta  in  viginti  locis. 

Item  in  cancello  et  verrura  ejusdem  monasterii  in  quatuor  aliis  locis 
sunt  dicta  arma  depicta  quedam  de  etate  quinquaginta  annorum  et  aliqua 
de  yiginti. 

Item  in  corpora  ecclesie  sunt  dicta  arma  in  verrura  in  sez  locis  de  etate 
viginti  annorum  et  ultra. 

Item  in  una  tabula  a  tempore  cujus  coutrarij  memoria  hominum  non 
est  fuerunt  et  sunt  dicta  arma  depicta. 

Item  in  ala  dicte  ecclesie  in  quadam  tabula  sunt  dicta  arma  de  tempore 
cujus  contrarij  memoria  hominum  non  ex  is  tit. 

Item  in  refectorio  dicti  monasterii  in  duobus  locis  in  quadam  fenestra 
vitrea  de  tempore  cujus  inicij  memoria  hominum  non  existit. 

Item  in  quadam  aula  in  dicta  abbathia  sunt  dicta  arma  in  verrura  in 
quatuor  locis  de  etate  triginta  annorum. 

Item  in  quodam  hostio  dicte  abbathie  prope  claustrum  de  etate  quin- 
quaginta annorum  dicta  arma  sunt  depicta. 

item  in  quadam  capella  Sancti  Thome  infra  dictum  monasterium  in 
fenestra  vitrea  de  etate  et  tempore  cujus  coutrarij  memoria  hominum 
non  existit.^ 

To  the  north  of  the  church  is  an  irregular  group  of  build- 
ings of  great  interest,  which  collectively  form  the  infirmary 
{infii^mitorium).  This  was  the  place,  not  only  for  the  sick 
brethren,  but  also  for  the  infirm  and  aged ;  and  temporarily 
for  the  canons  who  had  been  blooded. 

The  infirmary  was  usually  placed  east  of  the  cloister. 
Here,  however,  the  proximity  of  the  parish  church  and  of 
the  public  road  was  evidently  the  cause  why  a  site  to  the 
north  of  the  abbey  church  was  selected  instead.  The  result 
is  that  the  only  way  to  the  infirmary  from  the  cloister  was 
through  the  church ;  and  the  north  door,  instead  of  opening 
to  the  outer  air,  here  leads  into  a  long  passage  or  corridor, 
forming  communication  with  the  infirmary  proper. 

This  corridor  is  a  long  and  narrow  room,  measuring  59  ft.  by 
15  ft ,  running  north  and  south.  There  is  a  small  chamber 
projecting  from  the  east  side,  and  another  chamber  of  some 
size  on  the  west.     It  had  an  upper  floor. 

^  Scrope  and  Grosvenor  Controversy,  L  222. 


126  ON   THE   PRiEMONSTRATBNSIAN  ABBBY  OP 

The  east  side  of  the  ground  floor  has,  next  to  the  church, 
a  gap,  which  represents  a  doorway  here  originally.  Next  to 
this  is  a  small  recess,  where  the  porter  sat.  The  other 
openings  on  this  side  were  three  windows,  and  a  door  into 
the  east  chamber.  The  latter  measures  about  12  ft.  by  8  ft., 
and  was  lighted  by  small  and  narrow  windows  on  the  east 
and  south.  There  is  nothing  to  show  what  it  was  used  for, 
but  it  may  have  been  the  prison.^ 

The  west  side  of  the  corridor  has,  next  to  the  church,  the 
jambs  of  a  doorway,  so  that  originally  there  was  a  way 
through  from  the  north-west  of  the  church  to  the  enclosed 
ground  on  the  north-east.  The  southern  half  of  this  side  o( 
the  corridor  is  ruined  almost  to  the  plinth  ;  but  there  was 
certainly  one,  and  probably  two,  windows  in  it.®  The  northern 
half  is  perfect,  and  contains  a  door  into  the  western  chamber. 
This  was  57^  ft.  long  and  16^  ft.  wide  ;  but  the  side  walla 
are  gone,  and  the  west  end  is  a  plain  wall  without  openings 
of  any  kind.  Where  the  south  wall  abutted  on  the  corridor 
there  was  a  doorway,  one  jamb  of  which  remains,  and  on 
the  corridor  wall  outside  are  the  remains  of  a  row  of  corbels.* 
These  supported  a  pentice,  so  that  anyone  leaving  the  large 
chamber  by  its  south  door  could  pass  under  the  overhanging 
roof  to  the  corriJor-Joor  next  the  transept,  and  so  into  the 
church,  without  walking  through  the  corridor  itself.  Perhaps 
the  large  room  was  the  abiding- place  of  the  canons  who  liad 
been  let  blood,  in  which  case  it  would  doubtless  have  had  a 
fireplace  in  either  the  north  or  south  wall.  13ut  it  was  more 
likely  the  misericorde,  or  hall  for  eating  flesh  on  special 
occasions. 

The  upper  story  of  the  buildings  just  described  was  of  the 
same  plan  and  extent,  but  evidently  designed  with  more  atten- 
tion to  comfort.  (See  small  plan.)  Over  the  corridor  was  Avhal 
may  be  conveniently  called  the  gallery.  Its  floor  was  9 J  ft 
above  that  of  the  corridor,  and  was  supported  by  beams  resting 
on  corbels.  The  west  wall  is  of  the  same  thickness  above  as 
below,  but  the  east  wall  sets  back  4^  in.  The  latter  remains 
fairly  perfect  throughout  its  length.      Next  to  the  churcli 

"*  The  prison  is  nientioned  in  the  Visi-  chapel,  and  it  externally  has  the  wkmi 

tation  of  14 88,  where  brother  JohnYonge,  hollow-chamfereti  plinth, 

for  incorrigible  disobedience  and  rebellion,  *  Where  the  corridor  wall  joins  tin 

is  ordered  in  carer  re  rccliuii,  \reat  chamber  there  is  a  straight  joint  ii 

**  This  half  of  the  west  wall  is  a  re-  the  masonry, 
building  of  the  same  date  as  the  north 


PLAN 

OF 

UPPER     FLOOR 

OF 

WESTERN  ?m  OF  IKFIRMARr. 


ST.  AGATHA  JUXTA  EICHMOND.  129 

wall  is  a  fireplace,  the  jambs  and  hood  of  which  are  torn 
away :  its  chimney  is  carried  by  early-looking  corbels  out- 
side. Beyond  this  is  a  door,  leading  up  several  steps  into  a 
small  garderobe  or  privy, the  shaftof  which  is  carried  down  into 
the  ground,  and  forms  a  projection  outside.  The  garderobe 
was  lighted  by  a  small  loop  on  the  north.  Further  on,  with 
an  intervening  gap  representing  a  window,  is  another  fire- 
place, which  retains  one  of  its  jambs  and  a  lofty  chimney, 
still  fairly  perfect.  This  rises  from  the  ground,  instead  of 
from  a  corbel  table,  and  diminishes  upwards  by  a  series  of 
set-offs.  Beside  the  south  jamb  of  the  fireplace  is  a  small 
cupboard  in  the  wall,  10^  in.  wide  and  14  in.  deep,  origi- 
nally closed  by  a  door  or  shutter.  Beyond  the  fireplace  is  a 
gap,  which  may  represent  a  window,  and  next  to  this  a  door 
with  a  "  shouldered "  arch,  opening  into  an  upper  eastern 
chamber.  This  is  the  same  size  as  the  room  below,  but  had 
only  one  small  east  window.  Between  the  door  and  the  end  of 
the  gallery  was  another  window.  The  north  wall  of  the  gallery 
has  all  gone.  On  the  west  side  there  were,  towards  the 
south,  two  windows  :  a  jamb  of  one  remains.*®  There  was 
also  a  door,  over  the  one  below,  opening  into  a  room  above 
the  western  chamber,  and  of  equal  extent  with  it.  It  was, 
liowever,  a  much  more  pretentious  apartment,  for  it  had  a 
lofty  gabled  roof  running  east  and  west,  the  east  end  of 
which  is  fairly  perfect,  and  even  retains  its  skew-stone  on 
the  south  side."  The  fragment  of  the  west  wall  shows  no 
windows,  and  the  other  walls  are  gone.  A  room,  however, 
in  this  position  would  certainly  have  a  fireplace.  On  the 
gallery  side  of  the  gable  are  three  great  corbels,  part  of  a 
series  that  carried  the  gallery  roof,  whose  wall  plate  was 
about  12  ft.  from  the  floor.  How  the  gallery  and  adjoining 
apartments  were  reached  from  below  is  not  at  first  apparent, 
in  the  ruinous  state  of  the  buildings.  There  must  have  been 
a  door  opening  into  the  gallery  itself  from  the  wall  stair  at 
the  angle  of  the  north  transept,  but  this  was  too  narrow  to 
bo  commonly  used  by  many  people.  Its  real  use  I  shall 
return  to  presently.  We  must,  therefore,  look  elsewhere  for 
the  main  stair.      At  the  north  end  of  the  corridor  west  wall 

^<'  When  I  excavated  this  portion  of  the  The  window  jambs  were  the  same  as 

buildinga  the  corridor  floor  was  covered  those  of  the  north  chapeL 

with  the  ruins  of  the  south  end  of  the  ^*  Its  fellow  lies  on  the  ground  beneath 

we-^t  wddl,  which  lay  just  as  it  had  fallen.  its  former  position. 

VOL.  X,  K 


131)  ON   THE  PRJIMONSTRATENSIAN   ABBEY   OF 

is  a  remarkable  jamb  supporting  a  large  sloping  slab  of 
stone,  and  which  cuts  through  the  plane  of  the  gallery  floor. 
A  stair  starting  from  the  corridor  floor  and  ascending 
directly  through  the  opening  represented  by  this  jamb  to 
the  upper  western  chamber  would  form  a  convenient  means 
of  ascent ;  and,  moreover,  would  explain  away  the  difficulty 
raised  by  the  presence  of  the  jamb,  and  this  is  probably  the 
true  solution  of  the  case.  One  reason  for  placing  the  stairs 
at  the  north  end  of  the  corridor  is,  that  the  south  end  of  the 
gallery  was  partitioned  off*  at  about  one-third  of  its  length, 
so  as  to  form  a  separate  room  with  its  own  fireplace  and 
garderobe,  and  having  for  its  doorway  that  opening  from 
the  transept  stair,  thus  affording  direct  access  to  the  church 
at  all  times.  The  only  officer  of  the  monastery  likely  to 
need  such  an  arrangement  was  the  abbot,  and  very  probably 
this  was  his  chamber.  The  existence  of  the  small  window 
looking  into  the  transept,  is  a  strong  proof  of  this  conjec- 
ture.** What  purpose  the  rest  of  the  gallery  and  its  chambers 
served,  is  doubtful ;  but,  perhaps,  the  gallery  was  the  abbot's 
solar  for  study  and  recreation,  and  the  small  eastern  chamber 
liis  oratory. 

At  the  north  end  of  the  corridor  a  descent  of  two  steps 
(parts  of  which  remain)  led  to  a  door  of  some  importance, 
flanked  by  jamb  shafts,  and  4  ft.  3^  in.  in  tlie  clear.  This 
door  was  placed  a  little  to  the  east  to  allow  room  for  the 
stairs  up  to  the  gallery.  It  opened  into  a  large  hall  64  ft. 
long  by  about  27  ft.  wide,  running  eastwards,  whose  west  wall 
was  in  line  with  the  west  side  of  the  corridor.  This  hall  is 
now  much  ruined,  but  its  arrangements  can  be  partly  made 
out  from  what  is  left.  In  the  west  end  of  the  north  wall,  at 
about  10  ft.  from  the  floor,  is  a  row  of  joist  holes, *^  extending 
as  far  as  a  large  corbel  24  ft.  from  the  west  wall.  This 
corbel  marks  the  line  of  a  partition  across  the  hall,  forming 
the  space  at  its  western  end  known  as  "  the  screens,"  above 
which  was  a  wooden  loft  or  gallery.**  The  hall  proper  would 
be  entered  by  two  doors,  one  at  each  end  of  the  screen.  It 
was  lighted  by  two  two-light  windows  on  the  north,  whose 

^'  A  similar  arraDgemeDt  existed  at  the  tery  of   Christ  Church  in  Canterbury, 

Charterhouse  at  Mount  Grace,  and  Pro-  p.  G9). 

fessor  Willis  has  pointed  out  the  curious  ^  One  of  these  still  contains  part  of  a 

"  spying  pipes'*  for  the  prior  of  Canter-  wooden  beam. 

bury.    (See  his  Architectural  History  of  ^*  There  are  also  some  of   an  upper 

the  Conventual  Buildings  of  the  Monas-  row  of  corbels  to  carry  the  roof. 


ST.  AGATHA  JUXTA  HICHMOND.  131 

sills  remain,  and  probalily  by  three  on  the  soutli.  At  tlie 
upper  end  was  a  large  fireplace,  with  a  doorway  on  eacli 
side.  The  northern  one  opened  into  a  set  of  apartments  of 
two  stories,  probably  those  allotted  to  the  infirmarer.  Un- 
fortunately tlie  site  of  this  portion  of  the  buildings  is  encum- 
bered by  two  huge  trees  and  cut  into  by  a  modern  shed  ; 
excavations  were  therefore  impossible.  The  ground  story 
seems  to  have  consisted  of  low  cellars  or  store-rooms,  lighted 
on  the  east  by  narrow  loops,  and  by  a  larger  window  on  the 
north.  The  upper  story  was  reached  by  a  stair,  probably 
placed  in  the  small  chamber  on  the  south  side  of  the  hall 
fireplace.  It  was  furnished  with  a  garderohe  on  the  north. 
Across  the  angle  formed  by  the  uorth  side  of  the  hall  and  the 
west  side  of  the  projection  ending  in  the  garderohe  was  an 
arch,  the  springers  only  of  which  remain.  Clarkson,  writing 
in  1821,  thus  describes  an  oriel  window  then  existing  here : — 
**  A  beautiful  little  building  at  the  north-east  angle  of  the  ab- 
bey, projecting  from  the  wall  and  resting  upon  an  arch,appears 


to  have  been  a  stone  pulpit,  [such  as  was  common  in  monas- 
teries, where  a  large  concourse  of  people  might  attend  in  the 


132  ON  THE   PRfiMONSTRATENSIAN   ABBEY  OF 

open  air  to  the  preaching  of  the  monks  on  very  particular  oc- 
casions]. The  plan  is  a  kind  of  parallelogram  rounded  at  the 
ends,  twelve  feet  one  way  and  nine  the  other, open  at  the  front, 
which  has  evidently  been  glazed.  It  has  had  several  seats 
in  a  solid  blank  wall  at  the  back  part  of  the  building,  under 
arches  divided  by  pillars  similar  to  the  mullions  of  windows, 
which  still  support  an  intersecting  arched  roof,  groined  with 
stones  richly  carved.  The  beauty  of  this  singular  small 
fragment  is  very  much  increased  by  the  luxuriant  ivy  which 
grows  around  it,  but  it  is  very  much  to  be  regretted  that  it 
is  going  very  rapidly  to  decay,  and  in  a  little  time  every  ap- 
pearance of  it  will  be  obliterated."  " 

Clarkson's  prediction  has  already  come  to  pass,  for  nothing 
now  remains  but  the  springers  of  the  supporting  arch.  The 
"  luxuriant  ivy  "  certainly  had  as  much  to  do  with  its  dis- 
appearance as  any  other  destroying  agent. 

Towards  the  west  end  of  the  hall,  the  side  walls  abut 
ngainst  the  main  buildings  with  straight  joints  (see  plans). 
This  points  to  a  rebuilding.  The  thinness  of  the  new  walls 
is  indicative  of  late  date,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  nova 
aula  referred  to  in  the  Visitation  of  the  abbey  of  1482  is 
this  identical  building. 

The  space  forming  the  screens  at  the  west  end  of  the  great 
hall  is  much  longer  than  that  usually  allotted  to  what  was  a 
mere  passage.  The  object  of  this  was  to  obtain  light,  for  as 
the  west  end  of  the  hall  was  entirely  closed  in  by  buildings, 
windows  were  there  an  impossibility.  By  setting  the  dividing 
partition  more  to  the  east,  space  was  gained  for  a  south  window, 
which  was  made  as  wide  as  possible  by  cutting  to  a  chamfer 
the  corridor  wall  where  it  abutted  on  the  hall  outside.  The 
chamfer  is  the  only  remaining  evidence  of  this  arrangement. 
jA gainst  the  west  wall,  but  not  quite  in  the  centre,  is  the  ba.so 
and  part  of  the  shaft  of  a  small  column,  the  object  of  which 
is  not  clear.  There  is  nothing  to  show  if  the  loft  abovo  was 
reached  by  a  stair  within  the  screens — for  which  there  is 
room — or  whether,  as  is  more  probable,  it  had  a  door  open- 
ing from  the  gallery  ;  both  the  south  and  west  walls  of  the 
hall  being  completely  ruined. 

At  the  north  end  of  the  screens  is  a  rude  doorway  open- 
ing into  the  buttery,  a  small  room  16  ft.  long  and  12ft.  wide. 

^  ClarkBon^s  Hiitory  of  Riohinond,  371.    The  illustration  on  .the  preoodiog  pifB  If 

a  reproduction  of  tliat  given  by  Clarksou. 


ST.   AGATHA   JQXTA  BICHMOND.  133 

This  entrance  is  not  original ;  it  partly  fills  up  and  take3 
the  place  of  two  older  doors.  In  the  north  wall  of  the  buttery 
were  another  pair  of  doors  opening  into  a  narrower  but  slightly 
longer  room  beyond,  provided  with  a  wide  fireplace  and  covered 
vrith  a  low  lean-to  roof.  This  second  room  has  a  single  north 
door  leading  into  a  large  square  kitchen,  forming  the  northern 
end  of  the  range.  As  these  rooms  did  not  themselves  want 
double  doors  it  is  clear  that  the  eastern  pair  and  that  leading 
into  the  kitchen  were  cut  off  b}'  a  partition  running  north 
and  south  across  both  rooms  so  as  to  form  a  narrow  passage 
from  the  screens  to  the  kitchen.  The  upper  half  of  the  parti- 
tion must  have  been  an  open  screen  to  admit  light  to  the  two 
small  rooms,  as  the  only  windows  were  on  the  east. 

The  infirmary  kitchen  was  24  ft.  square.  The  north,  west, 
and  south  sides  are  fairly  perfect  for  a  considerable  height, 
but  the  east  wall  is  broken  down.  There  is  a  large  fireplace, 
with  projecting  chimney  externally,  in  the  north  wall,  with  a 
large  window-opening  with  segmental  head  on  each  side. 
There  were  two  similar  windows  on  the  east.  In  the  south- 
west angle  and  against  the  south  wall  was  a  second 
fireplace  with  a  projecting  hood,  now  destroyed.  The 
disposition  of  the  angle  buttresses  shows  that  the  kitchen 
was  covered  with  a  pyramidal  roof,  like  the  well- 
known  example  at  Stanton  Harcourt,  and  terminating  in  a 
louvre. 

Overlapping  the  west  end  of  the  hall  and  the  two  rooms 
between  the  screens  and  the  kitchen  was  a  low  cellar,  57  ft. 
6  in.  long,  by  16  ft.  6  in,  wide,  lighted  by  small  narrow  loops 
on  the  west,  and  a  larger  one  on  the  north.  It  had  a  door 
opening  out  of  the  north-west  corner  of  the  screens,  and  com- 
municated with  the  buttery  and  adjoining  room  by  plairi 
openings  in  their  west  walls.  At  its  north  end  it  opened 
into  a  narrow  slip  built  against  the  kitchen,  which  appears  to 
have  had  a  door  to  enable  stores  to  be  brought  in  from  the 
outside. 

Over  the  cellar,  at  a  height  of  only  5  ft.  above  the  level  of  the 
hall  floor,  was  an  upper  chamber  of  the  same  size.  (See  plan, 
p.  127.)  It  was  lighted  by  a  window  on  the  north  and  perhaps 
by  one  or  more  on  the  cast,  but  none  on  the  west.  There  is  no 
trace  of  a  stair,  but  perhaps  the  door  in  the  north-west  corner 
of  the  screens  opened  on  to  a  flight  of  wooden  steps.  This 
chamber  was  clearly  allotted  to  sick  and  bedridden  brethren, 


134  ON   THB    PRJIMONSTRATBNSIAN   ABBKY   OF 

whose  beds  may  have  been  ranged  against  the  west  wall. 
On  the  east  is  a  "  turn  "  or  hatch,  opening  into  the  small  room 
next  the  kitchen  at  a  height  of  9  ft.  from  the  floor.  It  would 
be  reached  by  a  few  wooden  steps,  and  was  for  passing  warm 
food  or  drink  through  to  the  invalids  in  the  sick-chamber. 

Over  the  buttery  is  a  chapel.  This  opened  directly  into 
the  long  room,  so  that  the  sick  folk  could  hear  mass  while 
they  lay  in  bed.  The  east  window  arch  remains  perfect, 
with  suflScieut  of  the  tracery  to  show  that  it  was  of  three 
lights  of  the  same  date  and  pattern  as  the  inserted  windows 
in  the  south  transept  aisle.  JBelow  the  sills  are  the  holes  for 
the  corbels  that  supported  the  altar  stone.  There  is  a  small 
pointed  piscina  with  projecting  bowl  in  the  south  wall. 

At  the  north-east  corner  of  the  long  room  a  narrow 
passage  led  to  a  garderobe.  The  north  wall  of  this  is  a 
continuation  of  that  of  the  kitchen,  and  has  two  small 
windows,  a  square-headed  loop  to  light  the  passage,  and  a 
short  lancet  further  to  the  west,  and  3  ft.  higher  up,  to  light 
the  garderobe  itself.  The  pit  has  a  branch  drain,  probably 
leading  from  the  infirmarer's  garderobe,  and  passing  through 
the  kitchen  down  to  the  great  drain  forming  the  mill  tail. 
This  is  not  now  visible,  being  choked  with  stones  and  the 
roots  of  a  large  tree. 

The  whole  of  the  group  forming  the  infirmary  buildings 
must  have  been  exceedingly  picturesque  in  appearance 
when  complete.  Through  some  error,  probably  in  the  setting 
out,  the  main  walls  are  not  parallel  with,  or  at  right  angles 
to  the  axis  of  the  church,  but  deflect  slightly  towards  the  east. 

From  the  north-east  corner  of  the  choir  there  is  an  old 
wall  running  to  the  corner  of  the  infirmarer's  chambers,  and 
enclosing  a  piece  of  ground  bounded  on  the  north  and  west 
by  the  infirmary,  and  on  the  south  by  the  church.  This  was 
probably  the  infirmary  garden. 

To  the  west  of  the  infirmary  are  some  fragments  of  walls 
not  yet  fully  excavated,  which  belong  to  some  outbuilding, 
perhaps  the  water  conduit. 

We  will  now  return  to  the  cloister  and  its  surrounding 
buildings. 

The  cloister  of  a  monastery  is  generally  nearly  square,  or 
at  least  rectangular.  Here  it  forms  a  trapezium  whose  sides 
measure  respectively,  the  north,  98  ft. ;  the  east,  63  ft. ;  the 
south  82^  fl. ;    and  the  west,  100  ft.      The  irregularity 


ST.  AGATHA  JUXTA  RICHMOND.  135 

probably  began  by  the  canons  setting  out  a  smaller  square 
cloister  for  their  temporary  buildings,  but  having  a  mind  to 
make  it  larger  in  the  permanent  ones,  they  were  thrown  out 
by  the  parish  church,  and  perhaps  by  the  river  ;  but  chiefly 
by  the  church,  which,  by  limiting  them  on  the  east  side, 
made  necessary  the  thick  block  of  buildings  on  the  west, 
but  for  which  there  is  room  enough  for  the  usual  plan.^^ 

Of  the  four  walls  surrounding  the  cloister,  the  north  is 
gone,  and  only  a  portion  remains  of  the  east.     The  other 
two  are  fairly  perfect.      The  wall  enclosing  the  garth  or 
grass  plot  in  the  centre,  being  mostly  composed  of  ashlar, 
has  likewise  disappeared.     Excavations,  however,  disclosed 
fragments  of  it  on  the  west   side,  and  nearly    the   whole 
length  on  the  east.     The  thickness  was  2  ft.  10^  in.,  but 
the  east  wall  has  running  parallel  with  it,  and  touching  it, 
another  wall,  making  a  total  thickness  of  4  ft.  11  in.     Along 
the  east  front  of  this,  about  1  ft.  above  the  floor  level,  is 
a  series  of  corbels,  4^  in.  thick  and  about    10^  in.  wide, 
with  chamfered  corners  and,  in  many  cases,  under  sides. 
They  project  some  5^  in.,  and  measure  3  ft.  from  centre 
to   centre.      I    am  not   aware   of  a   similar  arrangement 
elsewhere,  and    as    a    course    of   ashlar   in   some    places 
remains  above  them,  they  cannot  have  been  the  supports  of 
a  bench  table,  but    may  have    been    connected    with    the 
carrels.      Nothing  has  been  discovered  to  show  what  the 
inner  wall  was  like,  but  it  probably  supported  an  arcade 
of  some  kind. 

The  cloister  had  a  wooden  roof,  resting  on  corbels.  The 
marks  of  it  are  plainly  visible  against  the  frater  wall. 
The  east  alley  was  8  ft.  7^  in.  wide,  and  the  west 
10  ft.  6  in. 

The  east  side  of  the  cloister  was  shut  in  by  (a)  the 
south  transept  of  the  church,  (6)  the  sacristy,  (c)  the 
chapter-house,  and  {d)  originally,  by  the  common  parlour. 
Of  the  south  transept  we  have  already  spoken.  Nothing 
remains  of  its  west  wall  but  the  foundations.  A  gap  in 
the  rough  rubble  core  that  remains  of  its  south  wall 
represents  a  door  into  the  sacristy.  As  originally  planned, 
tiiis  was  a  wedge-shaped  apartment,  groined  in  two  bays, 
about  22  ft.  long  and  14  ft.  and  17  ft.  wide  at  the  ends 

*  I  mm  indebted  to  my  friend  Mr.  J.  T.  Micklethwaite,  F.S.  A.,  for  this  suggestioxL 


136  ON   THE   PRiBMONSTRATBpSIAN   ABBEY   OF 

respectively,  with  an  east  window,  and  perhaps  a  door  into 
the  cloister.  Before  the  range  of  buildings  of  which  it 
forms  part  was  completed,  the  open  space  to  the  east  of 
it  was  also  enclosed  and  covered  in  with  a  wooden  roof, 
and  the  window  cut  down  to  form  an  arch  of  communi- 
cation. The  pUnths,  however,  were  allowed  to  remain, 
though  afterwards  cut  away  where  required  for  presses, 
etc.  Until  the  late  excavations,  there  stood  across  the  east 
end  of  this  added  portion,  a  wall  of  ancient  appearance, 
pierced  with  a  molded  doorway  and  a  small  loop.  It 
supported,  till  within  a  few  years  ago,  a  red-tiled  lean-to 
roof,  whose  traces  are  still  plainly  visible,  and  which  gave 
shelter  to  cows.  The  wall,  however,  not  being  original,  was 
removed,  and  there  was  found  beneath  the  base  of  the 
sacristy  altar  and  the  remains  of  the  shaft  of  a  piscina  in  the 
south  wall.  The  mutilated  bowl  of  the  latter,  carved  with 
birds  and  foliage,  was  found  among  the  debris,  together  with 
a  number  of  pieces  of  tall  slender  octagonal  pinnacles.  In 
the  south-west  corner  of  the  eastern  chamber  was  sub- 
sequently inserted  a  circular  vice  to  an  added  floor  above. 
The  lower  part  of  this  stair  was  uncovered  during  the  recent 
operations.  The  narrowness  of  the  east  end  of  the  sacristy 
was  successfully  got  over  outwardly  by  extending  the 
transept  south  wall  eastwards,  and  externally  with  a  cant 
to  the  north,  and  then  building  a  diagonal  buttress.  The 
latter  had  the  advantage  of  not  obstructing  the  light  of  the 
transept  window  as  buttresses  placed  rectangularly  would 
have  done.  A  small  trefoiled  loop  was  made  in  the  north 
wall  to  light  the  sacristy  altar. 

To  the  south  of  the  sacristy  was  the  chapter-house. 

This  was  a  fine  room,  46  ft.  long  and  21  ft.  wide,  vaulte  1 
in  four  bays  in  one  span.  The  springers  of  the  vault  rest  on 
corbels  formed  of  small  triplets  of  fiUetted  shafts.  Along  the 
north  and  south  walls  are  the  remains  of  a  bench  tabic, 
which  seems  to  have  been  replaced  by  a  dais  or  raised  plat- 
form at  the  east  end.  There  were  originally  three  windows, 
two  on  the  south  and  one  on  the  east.  The  latter  and  the 
one  next  it  were  replaced  in  the  Perpendicular  period  by 
others  of  larger  opening  ;  but  the  third  was  then  blocked  up 
and  plastered  over,  and  a  building  erected  outside  it,  an*  I 
thus  has  been  preserved.  The  sill  of  the  east  window  has 
been  cut  down  and  all  remains  of  the.  tracery  torn  out. 


ST.  AGATHA   JUXTA   RICHMOND.  ]37 

From  its  width  it  was  probably  of  five  lights.     The  window 
next  it  was  of  two  lights,  while  the  original  blocked  window 
is  but  a  simple  lancet  with  plain  chamfered  arch.      The 
chapter-house  was  entered  from  the  cloister  by  a  fine  door- 
way about  4  ft.  wide.     The  jambs  had  three  orders  of  shafts 
with  dog-tooth  molding  between,  and  carried  a  richly  molded 
arch  with  one,  if  not  two,  wide  cavettos,  completely  filled 
with  carved  foliage  of  a  peculiar  type.    Most  of  the  voussoii's 
of  this  arch  were  found  in  clearing  out  the  debris  in  the 
cloister  near.      The  door  was  flanked  by  a  window  opening 
on  each  side,  with  a  similar  arch.     The  whole  of  the  north 
side  of  the  door  has  gone,  and  the  south  side  is  so  ruined 
that  the  original  arrangement  can  only  just  be  made  out. 
The  whole  area  of  the  chapter-house  has  now  been  excavate  J, 
but  nothing  whatever  was  found  in  or  under  the  debris  except 
a  number  of  lengths  of  the  plain  chamfered  ribs  of  the  vault- 
ing.   Much  of  the  wall-plaster  remains  on  the  east  and  south 
sides. 

Next  to  the  chapter-house  is  a  room,  now  much  altered, 
but  whose  original  arrangement  can  easily  be  made  out.  It 
was  not  quite  rectangular,  and  measured  22  ft.  in  length  by 
about  16^  ft.  in  width,  and  was  vaulted  in  two  bays.  It  had 
a  door  at  each  end,  and  one  in  the  south  wall  towards  the 
west  opening  into  the  frater  subvault.  Its  uses  were  two- 
fold. It  formed  a  passage  or  slype  from  the  cloister  to  the 
canons'  cemetery,  wliich  lay  east  of  the  cloister  between  the 
parish  graveyard  and  the  abbey  church  ;  and  it  was  also  the 
auditorium  or  parlour  where  the  brethren  were  allowed  to 
hold  conversation.  This  was  a  necessity,  because  the  statutes 
strictly  enjoined  silence  in  the  cloister,  and  the  canons  might 
only  talk  here  by  permission  from  the  superior,  but  were  to 
remain  standing,  and  not  converse  in  too  loud  a  tone. 
The  date  of  all  this  range  is  circa  1260. 
About  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century  great  alterations 
were  made  in  the  range  of  buildings  just  described,  amount- 
ing to  a  total  reconstruction  of  the  upper  floor,  which  was 
also  extended  to  the  space  above  the  transept  aisle.  What 
the  original  first  floor  comprised  is  unknown  ;  its  walls  do 
not  appear  to  have  been  above  8  ft.  high,  and  the  only  sign 
of  it  is  the  weather  mold  of  the  south  gable  against  the  frater 
wall.  Ordinarily,  the  dormitory  occupies  this  position,  but 
here  it  was  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  cloister,  so  the  chapter- 


138  ON  THE   PBJBMONSTRATBNSIAN   ABBEY   OP 

house  and  other  rooms  usually  below  it  were  not  hampered  for 
height  as  was  generally  the  case.  The  alterations  on  the 
ground  floor  were  as  follows  :  a  large  circular  stair  was  built 
inside  and  against  the  west  wall  of  the  parlour,  so  that  the 
doorway  from  the  cloister  became  the  staircase  door.  At  the 
same  time  the  western  bay  of  the  vaulting  was  destroyed, 
and  the  door  into  the  frater  subvault  blocked  up.  The  door 
opening  into  the  cemetery  was  blocked  up  and  a  garderobe 
tower  built  against  it  outside.  A  window  was  inserted  a 
little  to  the  south  of  it  to  compensate  for  the  loss  of  light  At 
the  west  end,  between  the  stair  and  the  frater  wall,  a  small 
window  was  made  looking  into  the  cloister,  and  a  new  door 
into  the  frater  subvault  was  made  further  to  the  east,  to  re- 
place that  blocked  up.  A  few  steps  up  the  new  stair  was  a 
doorway  to  a  short  bridge  leading  into  the  frater.  In  the 
chapter-house  the  windows  were  altered,  and  the  third 
blocked  by  the  erection  of  the  garderobe  outside.^^ 

The  reconstruction  of  the  upper  floor  consisted  in  building 
a  lofty  room,  about  60  ft.  long,  over  the  parlour,  chapter- 
house, and  western  half  of  the  sacristy,  and  a  smaller  room 
above  the  other  half  of  the  sacristy.  The  east  side  is  fairly 
complete,  but  the  north  and  west  sides  are  demolished.  It 
was  reached  by  the  new  stair,  which  opened  into  its  south- 
west corner.  The  portion  over  the  parlour  has  on  the  east  a 
square-headed  Perpendicular  window  of  two  lights  and  a  four- 
centred  doorway  opening  into  the  garderobe.  In  the  latter, 
the  grooves  for  the  seat  remain,  and  there  is  a  small  square- 
headed  loop  on  the  south  for  light  and  ventilation.  The 
tower  has  no  openings  below  this  floor.  The  part  of  the 
room  over  the  east  half  of  the  chapter-house  has  on  the  south 
a  large  open  fireplace,  with  a  locker  for  a  lamp  opening  into 
its  west  jamb.  East  of  this  is  a  square-headed  window  of 
two  cinquefoiled  lights,  with  a  segmental  reararch.  In  the 
east  wall  was  a  large  window,also  square-headed,of  five  lights, 
with  a  transom  ;  the  lower  lights  were  trefoiled  and  the 
upper  cinquefoiled.  On  the  north  a  square-headed  door 
opened  into  the  space  over  the  efist  half  of  the  sacristy,  from 
whence  another  door  opened  into  a  new  room  over  the  tran- 
sept  aisle.  This  was  a  comfortable  chamber,  with  two  windows 
on  the  east,  and  a  fire-place  between  them.  In  the  south- 
east corner  is  the  lower  part  of  a  door  to  a  turret  stair.   This 

^7  Its  south  face  can  be  seen  inside  the  garderobe. 


ST.  AGATHA   JUXTA   RICHMOND.  139 

was  probably  the  sacrist's  room.  The  chamber  over  the 
east  half  of  the  sacristy  was  reached  by  a  separate  stair  from 
below,  and  was  perhaps  the  muniment  room  and  treasury, 
as  plate  ajid  valuables  could  easily  be  brought  up  here  from 
the  church.  There  is  a  gap  in  its  west  wall  as  if  for  another 
door,  which  perhaps  marks  the  place  of  a  window  in  the 
Ccirlier  building.  The  great  stair  built  inside  the  parlour  did 
not  end  at  this  floor,  but  was  carried  up  to  a  higher  one. 
This  was  a  loft  or  gallery  over  the.  room  below,  but  it  did 
not  extend  over  the  eastern  half  of  the  chapter-house,  and 
must  therefore  have  been  open  to  the  room  there,  or  the 
front  was  closed  by  a  partition.  The  south  end  of  this  loft 
has  on  the  east  a  window  like  that  below,  and  a  door  into  the 
garderobcy  with  a  fire-place  between.  The  garderobe  was 
divided  vertically  between  the  two  floors,  and  the  upper  part 
lighted  by  a  small  lancet.  The  grooves  for  the  woodwork 
remain.  Nothing  is  left  to  show  what  the  other  arrange- 
ments of  this  upper  chamber  were,  but  there  are  distinct 
marks  of  partitions  against  the  south  gable. 

What  these  new  rooms  were  used  for  is  uncertain.  The 
garderobe  and  fireplaces  show  that  they  were  in  constant 
use ;  and  there  was,  as  we  have  seen,  a  direct  way  to  the 
fi-ater  :  most  likely  it  was  the  library,  with  sleeping-rooms 
above  for  chief  guests. 

In  a  normal  monastic  plan  the  south  end  of  the  range 
containing  the  chapter-house,  etc.,  would  have  terminated  in 
the  calefactorium  or  warming-house,  with  the  dormitory 
occupying  the  whole  of  the  upper  floor.  At  St.  Agatha's 
both  are  placed  elsewhere,  and  the  eastern  range  is  awkwardly 
pinched  in  between  the  transept  and  an  extension  eastwards 
of  the  fine  building  on  the  south  side  of  the  cloister. 

This  building  is  two  stories  high,  the  ground  floor  consist- 
ing of  cellars,  etc.,  the  upper  forming  the  refectorium  or 
frater.  As  it  now  appears  it  is  a  large  and  lofty  structure 
vrithout  floors  or  roof,  about  106  ft.  long  and  27  ft.  wide. 
But^  though  all  its  internal  arrangements  have  been  cleared 
away,  it  is  still  structurally  complete  to  the  wall-plate  of 
the  upper  floor. 

The  ground  floor  was  vaulted  in  eight  bays  of  two  spans, 
divided  by  a  central  row  of  octagonal  pillars,  now  destroyed.*® 

18  The  bases  of  two  at  the  east  end      buried  beneath  the  debris  which  cover 
have  been  opened  out ;  the  others  are  stiU      the  original  floor  evel. 


140 


ON   THE    PR.BM0N3TRATBNSIAN   ABBEY  OF 


The  vault  had  semi-circular  wall-ribs,  and  sprang  from 
molded  corbels  round  the  walls.  Against  the  east  wall, 
and  for  the  first  five  bays  on  the  south  side,  the  wall-ribs 
have  been  altered  from  semi-circular  to  pointed.  This  was 
to  form  the  dais  above  on  the  east,  and  to  clear  thl3  heads  of 
the  windows  in  the  south  wall,  and  is  the  result  of  a  com- 
plete reconstruction  of  the  building,  circa  1300,  when  the 
upper  floor  was  nearly  all  rebuilt.  The  south  wall  was  then 
recased  externally,  and  new  windows  inserted.  The  latter 
are  of  two  trefoiled  lights  with  a  quatrefoil  in  the  head, 
which  is,  however,  solid,  and  not  pierced,  owing  to  the  low- 
ness  of  the  window  rear  arch.  All  the  doors  and  windows 
of  the  sub-vault  have  segmental  rear  arches. 

The  first  two  bays  project  beyond  the  cloister,  and  form 
the  south  end  of  the  eastern  range.  The  east  wall  is  quite 
plain,  but  the  two  north  bays  have  each  the  remains  of  a 
door  opening  into  the  slype.  Only  the  western  of  these 
doors  existed  originally  ;  but  when  the  great  stair  was  built 
on  its  north  side,  it  was  blocked  up,  and  a  new  opening 
made  to  the  east. 

The  six  westernmost  bays  form  an  abutment  for  the  south 
alley  of  the  cloister,  and  show  plainly  the  line  of  its  roof. 
The  frater  buttresses,  by  an  uncommon  arrangement,  were 
carried  down  to  the  cloister  floor,  but  in  order  that  they 
might  take  up  as  little  room  as  possible,  the  angles  were 
boldly  chamfered. ^^ 

On  the  cloister  side,  the  six  bays  are  thus  disposed : — 
The  easternmost  is  pierced  with  a  low  pointed  door ;  the 
two  next  have  a  bench  table  between  the  buttresses,  but  are 
otherwise  blank  ;  ^®  then  follows  another  low  pointed  door  ; 
next  is  the  frater  door,  which  has  good  moldings  and  jamb 
shafts.  The  last  bay  has  a  segmental  headed  door,  and  a 
semi-circular  arched  recess  on  the  west.  The  frater  door 
had  two  leaves,  and  was  fitted  with  a  draw-bar. 


*'  The  chamfer  stops  vary,  and  those 
of  the  two  buttresses  flanking  the  frater 
door  were  carved  with  leaf  work. 

'^  Compare  the  arrangement  here  with 
that  described  in  the  "  Rites  of  Dur- 
ham" : — '*  There  was  on  the  south  syde 
of  the  Cloister,  adjoyninge  to  the  syde  of 
the  Cloister  dour,  a  stoole  or  seat  with 
iiij  feete,  and  a  back  of  wood  joyned  to  the 
said  stoole,  which  was  maid  fast  in  the 
wall  for  the  porter  to  sytt  on,  which  did 


keape  the  Cloister  doure.  And  before 
the  said  stoole  it  was  bourded  in  under 
foote,  for  warmeness.  And  from  the  said 
stoole  west- ward  on  the  south  syde,  there 
was  a  faire  long  Bench  or  Stons  almost 
to  the  Frater  house  door."  At  Durham 
the  bench  was  used  for  the  washing  of 
children's  feet  on  Maunday  Thursday. 
It  was  also  the  place  of  the  ordinary 
Saturday  foot  washing. 


ST.  AGATHA  JUXTA   RICHMOND.  141 

On  the  south  side,  the  frater  sub-vault  is  lighted  by  win- 
dows in  the  first,  third,  fourth,  and  fifth  bays.  The  second 
bay,  which  projects  outside  to  carry  the  frater  pulpit  above, 
has  a  good  doorway  with  jamb  shafts,  which  was  evidently  an 
important  one.  The  last  three  bays  each  contain  a  plain 
pointed  door.  The  outer  wall  of  the  sixth  and  seventh  bays 
is  not  refaced  like  the  rest  of  this  side,  but  is  left  in  its  original 
rough  state.  There  is  also  a  row  of  holes  for  floor  joists 
over  the  doors.  These  and  other  signs  prove  the  former 
existence  of  a  building  here,  of  which  all  further  traces  are 
now  lost.  Against  the  west  wall  of  the  sub- vault  are  the 
remains  of  a  large  fireplace,  of  which  the  hood  and  chimney 
are  destroyed.  To  the  north  of  this  the  segmental  head  of 
a  door  is  visible,  just  above  the  ground.  A  flight  of  steps 
led  down  to  this,  and  formed  a  communication  with  the 
guest-hall  on  the  other  side. 

Although  when  first  completed  the  sub-vault  formed  a 
low  groined  apartment  with  a  central  row  of  columns,  and 
open  from  end  to  end,  it  was  treated  in  the  usual  medieval 
manner,  and  cut  into  divisions  by  solid  partitions  of  masonry 
built  across  it.  No  signs  of  these  now  remain,  as  is  so  often 
the  case,  but  the  many  doors  prove  their  existence.  The 
first  three  bays  probably  formed  the  outer  parlour,  where 
the  canons  could  converse  with  their  friends  and  other 
secular  persons.  It  was  also  the  chief  entry  to  the  cloister 
from  the  outer  court.  The  next  three  bays  were  cellars, 
with  a  door  from  the  cloister  in  the  sixth  bay,  and  another 
opposite,  communicating  with  the  kitchen.  The  northern 
half  of  the  seventh  bay  was  filled  with  a  broad  flight  of 
steps  from  the  cloister  up  to  the  frater  ;  while  the  other  half 
formed,  with  the  last  bay,  a  lobby  between  the  cloister  and 
the  kitchen.  This  had  four  doors  ;  two  on  the  south  led  to 
the  kitchen  and  kitchen  court  respectively,  and  were  fur- 
nished with  drawbars  inside  ;  the  third  was  on  the  west, 
down  a  flight  of  steps,  and  opened  into  the  guest-hall ;  the 
fourth  opened  into  the  cloister.  The  fireplace  against  the 
west  wall  suggests  this  place  having  been  used  as  the 
cellarer^s  checker,  which  its  central  position  admirably 
suited. 

The  kitchen  was  a  semi-detached  structure  on  the  south, 
as  at  Durham,  with  a  low  building  between  it  and  the 
frater.     The  intervening  building  must  have  been  divided  by 


142  ON   THE   PRJJMONSTBATENSIAN   ABBEY  OF 

a  wall  running  north  and  south,  the  eastern  half  forming  the 
buttery,  which  had  a  door  into  the  cellar ;  the  western,  the 
entry  to  the  kitchen.  The  extent  and  plan  of  these  build- 
ings is  unknown. 

The  upper  floor,  or  frater  proper,  is  generally  assumed  to 
have  been  one  magnificent  hall,  where  the  brethren  feasted 
every  day,  and  had  sumptuous  banquets  on  high  days  and 
holidays.  A  reference  to  the  Rule  of  the  Order  is  quite 
enough  to  effectually  dispel  this  notion,  for  no  flesh  meat 
was  allowed,  and  the  ordinary  fare  was  simple  in  the 
extreme  ;  while  an  examination  of  the  building  proves  that 
it  was  divided  about  midway,  and  that  the  western  part  had 
an  upper  floor.  The  frater  was  lighted  on  the  north  by  two 
small  windows  of  two  lights  each  with  trefoils  in  the  heads, 
in  the  third  and  seventh  bays  ;  on  the  east,  by  a  very  fine 
window  of  five  lights  with  peculiar  geometrical  tracery; 
and,  on  the  south,  by  six  lofty  three-light  windows  with 
cusped  circles  in  the  heads,  in  the  first  five  bays,  and  in  the 
eighth.  The  second  south  bay  projects  some  33  in.  to 
furnish  room  in  the  thickness  of  the  wall  for  the  frater 
pulpit,  or  lectorium.  The  window  had  an  inner  plane  of 
molded  tracery,  forming  a  screen  between  the  frater  and 
the  reader.  The  pulpit  was  entered  from  the  frater  floor 
by  a  small  door,  and  had  two  or  three  steps  ascending  to  a 
stone  bench  at  the  west  end,  above  which  is  a  pointed  recess 
with  crocketed  hood-mold  for  the  reader's  book.  The 
tracery  of  the  pulpit-screen  had  circular  shafts  at  the  jambs 
and  instead  of  mullions.  Owing  to  the  space  needed  for  the 
lectmnumy  the  first  window  is  narrower  than  the  others, 
though  similar  in  design.  Opposite  the  pulpit,  a  gap  in  the 
wall  marks  the  place  of  a  door  communicating  by  a  short 
bridge  with  the  great  circular  vice  ;  and,  to  the  east  of  it, 
are  one  large  and  two  small  lockers. 

The  sixth  and  seventh  south  bays  are  without  windows, 
owing  to  the  abutment  against  them  of  a  former  building. 
They  nevertheless  contain  two  interesting  features.  Be- 
tween the  two  bays  is  a  square-headed  recess,  6  ft.  high, 
2  ft.  deep,  and  nearly  3  ft.  wide,  with  an  oblong  opening  in 
the  back,  21  in.  wide,  10^  in.  high,  and  about  30  in.  from 
the  floor.  This  is  rebated  all  round,  with  holes  for  hinges 
and  a  bolt,  and  opens  by  a  passage,  first  oblique  and  then 
straight  again,  in  the  face  of  the  buttress  outside.     In  the 


ST.  AGATHA   JUXTA   RICHMOND.  143 

east  jamb  of  this  recess  is  a  locker,  lOf  in.  wide,  15|  in. 
high,  and  25j^  in.  deep,  also  rebated  all  round,  which  prob- 
ably held  a  lamp.  A  little  to  the  west  of  this  recess  is 
another  small  opening,  which  is  bent  first  at  a  right  angle 
and  then  straight  again,  so  as  to  form  a  passage  or  '*  turn '' 
through  the  wall.  The  use  of  these  openings  will  be 
described  presently. 

The  west  wall  of  the  frater  is  of  earlier  date  than 
the  upper  floor,  whose  side  walls  abut  against  it  with  a 
straight  joint.  In  the  centre  is  a  largo  fireplace,  and 
some  height  above  it  is  an  early-looking  corbel-table.  Along 
this  and  the  side  walls  for  about  a  bay,  are  the  joist-holes 
for  an  upper  floor  or  gallery.  This  could  be  reached  by  a 
yery  narrow  circular  vice  in  the  south-west  angle,  which 
also  is  carried  up  to  the  roof.  There  is  a  gap  in  the  north- 
west corner  marking  the  place  of  an  entry  and  door  into 
the  frater  from  an  apartment  on  the  west.  It  should  be 
noticed  that  the  last  south  window  has  been  cut  down,  and 
the  sill  lowered  3  ft.  7  in.  Tins  was  evidently  to  afford 
light  beneath  the  gallery  which  ran  across  the  front  of  the 
window  some  little  height  up. 

Having  described  in  detail  the  structural  arrangements,  it 
remains  to  show  what  were  the  uses  and  internal  divisions  ot 
this  interesting  building.  For  these  we  must  turn  to  the 
description  of  the  corresponding  buildings  at  Durham,  as  set 
forth  in  the  "  Rites  ; ''  for  despite  the  differences  in  the  mode 
of  life  of  a  Benedictine  monk  and  a  Prsemonstratensian 
canon,  the  buildings  had  much  in  common. 

"  In  the  south  alley  of  the  Cloisters  is  a  fair  large  Hall, 
called  the  Frateb  House,  finely  wainscotted  on  the  north 
and  south  sides,  as  also  on  the  west,"  "  wherein  the  greate 
feaste  of  Sancte  Cuthbert's  daie  in  Lent  was  holden,"  "at 
which  solemnitie  the  whole  Convent  did  keep  open  house- 
hold •  .  .  .  and  did  dine  altogether  on  that  day,  and  on  no 
day  else  in  the  yeare,*'  "  having  their  meat  served  out  of  the 
dresser  window  of  the  great  Kitchen  into  the  Frater  House, 
and  their  drink  out  of  the  great  cellar.''  "  Also  in  the  east 
end  of  the  Frater  House  stoode  a  fair  table  with  a  decent 
skrene  of  wainscott  over  it,  being  keapt  all  the  rest  of  the 
yeare  for  the  master  of  the  Novicies  and  the  Novicies  to  dyn 
and  sup  in.  At  which  tyme  ....  one  of  the  Novicies  dyd 
reade  summe  parte  of  the  Old  and  New  Testamment,  in 


144  ON  THE   PRJIMONSTRATBNSIAN   ABBEY  OP 

Latten,  in  dynner  tyme,  having  a  convenyent  place  at  the 
southe  end  of  the  hie  table  with  in  a  faire  glasse  wyndowe, 
invyroned  with  iron,  and  certaine  steppes  of  stone  with  iron 
rayles  of  th'  one  syde  to  goo  up  to  it,  and  to  support  an  iron 
deske  there  placed."  "  There  was  also  ^t  the  west  end  of  the 
Frater-house,  hard  within  the  Frater-house  door,  another  door, 
at  which  the  old  Monks  or  Convent  went  in,  and  so  up  a  greese^ 
with  an  iron  rail  to  hold  them  by,  into  a  Loft  which  was  at  the 
west  end  of  the  Frater-house,  above  the  Cellar,  where  the  said 
Convent  and  Monks  dined  and  supp'd  together.  The  Sub-Prior 
sate  at  the  end  of  the  table  as  chief ;  and  at  the  greese-foot 
there  was  another  door  that  went  into  the  great  Cellar  or 
Buttery,  where  all  the  drink  stood  that  did  serve  the  Prior 
and  the  whole  Convent  of  Monks/'  *'They  were  served 
with  meate  from  the  Great  Kitching,  which  hadd  two  dresser 
windowes  into  the  Frater,  a  greater  for  principall  feasts,  the 
other  for  every  day." 

Taking  these  extracts  in  conjunction  with  the  normal 
arrangements  of  the  great  domestic  hall  of  the  period 
and  its  appurtenances,  it  will  be  found  that  though  in 
some  respects  peculiar,  the  arrangements  at  St.  Agatha's 
bore  a  striking  parallel  to  those  at  Durham.  The  frater  was 
reached  by  a  flight  of  steps  from  the  great  door  in  the  cloister, 
which  took  the  place  of  a  compartment  of  the  groining  of 
the  subvault  that  otherwise  supported  the  floor.  Above  the 
fifth  bay  on  the  north  side  is  an  alteration  in  the  corbels  of 
the  roof,  which  has  not  hitherto  been  noticed ;  those  to  the 
west  being  plain  and  those  to  the  east  ornate,  there  being  one 
of  each  side  by  side  at  the  junction.  These  obviously  mark  the 
line  of  the  usual  partition  or  screen  cutting  ott'  the  western 
half  of  the  frater  to  form  the  "  screens,"  while  the  part  to  the 
east  formed  the  frater  proper.  The  screen  would  have  a 
door  at  each  end.  At  the  upper  end  of  the  frater  was 
the  dais  for  the  high  table,  with  the  pulpit  at  its  south  end,  as 
at  Durham,  and  lockers  in  the  north  wall  for  plate,  etc.  There 
is  no  fireplace,  and  if  the  frater  was  warmed  at  all  it  was  by  an 
open  brazier  in  the  middle  with  a  louvre  above  it  in  the  roof 
to  let  out  the  smoke.  Within  the  **  screens,"  are  the  two 
hatches  already  described.  These  opened  into  a  gallery  or 
upper  floor  above  the  buttery  and  kitchen  entry,  reached  by 
steps  from  the  kitchen,  whence  food  could  be  passed  from  the 
latter,  and  drink  from  the  buttery,  through  the  hatches  or 


ST.  AGATHA  JUXTA  RICHMOND.  145 

**  dressers ''  into  the  frater.  Perhaps,  as  at  Durham,  tlio 
greater  hatch  was  for  principal  feasts  and  the  other  for  every 
day.  The  signs  of  a  **  Loft ''  at  St.  Agatha's  are  very  clear, 
but  if  it  was  commonly  used  (and  we  do  not  know  if  it  was 
like  the  Durham  one),  it  must  have  had  some  other  *  greese ' 
up  to  it  than  the  narrow  roof-stair  in  the  south-west  corner. 
There  are,  however,  no  marks  visible  of  another  stair,  though 
there  is  room  for  it  The  east  side  of  the  loft  probably 
rested  on  a  second  screen,  shutting  ofif  the  space  beneath. 
What  this  was  used  for  is  doubtful.  It  contained  a  large 
fireplace  and  was  fairly  well  lighted  from  the  south. 

We  now  come  to  the  range  of  buildings  on  the  west  side  of 
the  cloister. 

Generally  speaking,  this  part  of  a  monastery  was 
devoted  to  the  reception  of  the  cellarer's  stores,  and  the 
housing  of  guests  of  the  better  sort ;  and  known  as  the 
cellariuTYL  At  St.  Agatha's,  in  addition  to  these,  part  of 
the  building  was  devoted  to  the  canons,  and  for  the  same 
reason  as  at  Durham,  viz.,  the  nearer  proximity  of  the  water, 
and  the  greater  chance  of  privacy  and  quiet  for  the  sleeping 
apartments,  which  otherwise  would  have  been  placed  over 
the  eastern  range. 

In  plan  the  cellarium  (if  it  may  be  so  called  here)  consists 
of  a  long  range  extending  from  the  west  end  of  the  church 
southwards  and  overlapping  the  frater  some  ten  feet.  It  is 
about  160  feet  long  and  33  feet  wide  externally.  From 
about  the  middle  of  its  west  side  a  compact  block  of  buildings, 
measuring  roughly  about  60  feet  by  50  feet,  extends  towards 
the  river.  Owing  to  a  sudden  fall  in  the  ground  this  block 
is  built  upon  a  vaulted  basement  and  is  three  stories  high. 
There  are  signs  of  the  main  range  having  been  also  planned 
to  have  a  basement  story  throughout,  but  for  some  reason 
this  was  confined  to  the  southern  half  only.  The  ground 
floor  here,  however,  is  so  lofty  that  the  two  stories  into  which 
this  part  was  divided  are  equal  in  height  to  the  three  of  the 
western  block. 

The  west  side  of  the  cloister  remains  of  sufficient  height 
to  show  most  of  the  doorways,  etc.  in  it.  Beginning  on  the 
south,  an  opening  in  the  wall  marks  the  place  of  a  doorway 
at  the  head  of  a  broad  flight  of  steps  from  the  cloister  down 
to  the  guest  hall.  To  gain  as  much  room  as  possible  for  this 
doorway  a  recess  is  made  in  the  frater  wall,  into  which  the 

TOL.  X  L 


14:6  ON  THE   PB^KONSTKATfiNSIAK   ABBEY  OF 

door  could  swing  out  of  the  way,and  the  door  jambs  were  made 
to  project  in  front  of  the  line  of  the  main  wall.  Ashort  distance 
to  the  north  is  the  Norman  arch  before  mentioned  as  being 
the  only  vestige  of  the  original  building.  It  has  two  orders 
of  the  "  beak-head  '*  molding  with  an  enriched  hood-mold. 
The  jambs  are  not  Norman,  but  formed  of  a  group  of 
filleted  shafts  of  early  Decorated  date.  The  arch  was 
the  entrance  to  a  broad  flight  of  steps  to  the  dormitory 
and  other  rooms  used  by  the  canons,  and  its  proper  name  isr 
the  "  dorter  door/'  ^^  Between  it  and  the  frater  the  wall  is 
much  ruined,  but  there  remain  portions  of  an  arcade  of  tre- 
foiled  arches  with  the  dog-tooth  ornament,  which  formed 
part  of  the  lavatory  where  the  canons  washed  their  hands: 
before  meals.  The- arches  rested  on  carved  brackets  at  the 
back  with  a  respond-shaft  at  each  end.  Within  each  arcli 
was  an  image.  There  is  nothing  to  show  whether  the  recess 
where  the  towels  hung  was  to  the  south  of  the  lavatory  or  in 
the  garth  wall  opposite. 

North  of  the  dorter  door,  and  forming  the  rest  of  this  side 
of  the  cloister,  is  the  east  wall  of  an  apartment  about  75.  ft* 
long  and  25  ft.  wide,  originally  vaulted  in  six  bays  of  two 
spans,  with  semi-circular  wall-ribs  and  a  central  row  of 
pillars.^  It  has  no  less  than  four  doors  from  the  cloister, 
and  a  fifth  opening  into  the  south  aisle  of  the  church  ;  it 
was,  therefore,  clearly  divided  into  at  least  four  compart- 
ments. The  first  compartment  consisted  of  the  southern- 
most bay  only.  It  had  a  low,  pointed  doorway  from  the 
cloister,  another  in  its  south-west  corner,  and  there  was  a 
third,  now  blocked,  on  the  west.  It  was  used  as  a  passage 
between  the  cloister  and  canons'  part  of  the  buildings,  and 
that  set  apart  for  guests,  and  the  intermediate  door  was 
fitted  with  a  drawbar  to  ensure  privacy.  The  second  com- 
partment probably  comprised  the  three  next  bays.  The 
door  from  the  cloister  is  a  wide  one  with  a  segmental  head, 
and  is  suggestive  of  being  convenient  to  roll  beer-barrels 
through.  As  a  beer-cellar  needs  no  windows,  and  this 
chamber  had  none,  it  was  probably  used  for  that  purpose. 
The  third  compartment  occupied  one  bay  only.  The  door  is 
a  low  pointed  one,  and  the  room  was  lighted  by  a  small 
round-headed  window  in  the  west  wall.     Its  use  is  doubtfuL 

^  The  old  men   invariably  spoke  of  ^  The  lower  part  of  only  one  of  thest 

tbdr^'dormitdry"  as  the  *' dorter.**  remains.  ■  ''-' 


I 

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H:,/s,y^.»,^.m^„^.l 

ST.  AGATHA  JUXTA  RICHMOND.  149 

The  fourth  compartment  comprised  the  two  remaining  bays, 
and  formed  the  caJefactorium  or  warming-house.  It^was 
well  lighted  on  the  west  and  south,  and  had  a  large  fire- 
place on  the  east.  At  Durham  the  corresponding  chamber 
was  called  the  '*  common  house/'  and  was  "  to  this  end,  to 
have  a  fyre  keapt  in  y t  all  wynter,  for  the  Monnckes  to 
cume  and  warm  them  at,  being  allowed  no  fyre  but  that 
onely,  except  the  Masters  and  Officers  of  the  House,  who 
had  there  severall  fyres.  Ther  was  belonging  to  the  Com- 
mon house  a  garding  and  a  bowling  allie,  on  the  back  side 
of  the  said  house,  towardes  the  water,  for  the  Novyces  sume 
tymes  to  recreat  themeselves,  when  they  had  remedy  of 
there  master,  he  standing  by  to  se  ther  good  order.''  ^^  A 
doorway  in  the  north  wall  perhaps  indicates  that  this 
arrangement  existed  also  at  St.  Agatha's.  In  the  north-east 
comer  is  a  door  into  the  church. 

The  east  wall  of  the  building  just  described  gradually  in- 
creases in  thickness  from  3  ft.  9  in.  by  the  dorter-door  to  a 
little  over  5  ft.  at  the  north  end.  This  seems  to  have  been 
done  intentionally  to  accommodate  the  fireplace  without 
building  a  chimney  projecting  into  the  cloister. 

The  east  side  of  this  wall  had  a  bench-table  between  the 
doors,  on  which  the  buttresses  rested. 

The  half  of  this  range  south  of  the  dorter-stairs  is 
built  up  from  a  lower  level  than  the  northern  half.  It 
consisted  on  the  ground  floor  of  a  fine  lofty  apartment,  61  ft 
long  by  25  ft.  broad,  vaulted  in  five  bays  of  two  spans,  with 
pointed  wall-ribs.  (See  small  plan  and  sections.)  The 
vault  rested  on  molded  corbels  round  the  walls,  and  a 
central  row  of  four  octagonal  pillars.^  This  apartment 
was  the  guest-hall.  It  was  entered  at  the  north-west 
comer  by  a  wide  door  with  jamb  shafts.  This  opened 
into  the  space  known  as  the  "  screens,"  formed  by  cutting 
off  the  northernmost  bay  by  a  partition,  having  a  door  at 
each  end,  into  the  hall  proper.  The  hall  was  well  lighted  on 
the  west  and  south,  but  the  windows  and  walls  on  these  sides 
have  been  torn  down  to  the  foundation,  and  only  a  frag- 
ment of  a  jamb  remains  on  the  south-east.  Of  the  four  bays 
forming  the  hall,  the  two  middle  abut  against  the  west  end 
of  the  frater,  and  contain,  one  a  door  from  the  frater  sub- 

>*  Bitflfl  of  Durham,  p.  75. 

^  The  lowest  member  of  three  of  the  baaes  remains  in  situ. 


150  ON   THE   PRiEMONSTRATENSIAN    ABBEY  OP 

vault  already  noticed,  and  the  other  a  large  fireplace,  flanked 
by  two  recesses  or  lockers.  Within  the  screens,  and  opposite 
the  entrance,  is  a  square-headed  doorwaji^  to  a  narrow  wall- 
stair  up  to  the  cloister.^  This  stair,  after  being  in  use  some 
time,  was  evidently  found  inconveniently  narrow.  It  was 
therefore  abandoned,  and  a  broad  flight  of  steps  carried 
straight  down  into  the  hall  from  the  cloister  level.  In  the 
middle  of  the  north  wall  of  the  screens  is  a  pointed  door 
(which  was  fitted  with  a  drawbar)  to  an  ascending  flight  of 
steps.  Between  it  and  the  east  wall  is  a  wide  but  shallow  semi- 
circular headed  recess.  This  marks  the  place  of  the  lavatory 
for  the  guests  to  wash  their  hands  before  going  into  the 
hall.  In  the  back  of  the  recess  is  a  small,  square-headed 
loop,  which  lights  a  narrow  chamber  behind,  constructed 
under  the  dorter-stairs.  It  has  a  wagon-vault,  and  a  small 
square  recess  in  its  upper  end.  The  entrance  is  just  within 
the  door  above-mentioned,  but  its  floor  is  considerably  raised 
above  the  level  of  the  hall.  It  appears  to  have  been  con- 
nected with  the  waterworks  arran<;ements.  The  victuals  for 
the  guests  were  brought  from  the  conventual  kitchen. 

A  door  at  the  west  end  of  the  north  wall  of  the  screens 
opens  into  a  passage  turning  at  right  angles  into  a  small 
square  vaulted  lobby.  This  has  a  window  on  the  south, 
opposite  which  is  a  door  into  a  long  narrow  cellar,  vaulted 
in  four  bays.^*  In  the  description  of  the  guest-hall  al 
Durham,  the  officer  in  charge  ''had  evermore  a  hogsheade 
or  two  of  wynes  lying  in  a  seller  appertayninge  to  the  said 
halle,  to  serve  his  geists  withall.''  "^  The  relative  positions 
of  the  buildings  shews  that  a  like  arrangement  existed  here. 
The  cellar  had  a  small  window  on  the  north,  now  destroyed 
and  the  opening  blocked  up.  In  the  east  wall,  just  inside 
the  door,  is  a  round-headed  window  or  hatch,  now  blocked. 
It  was  intended  to  open  into  a  sub-vault  of  the  building 
between  the  cellar  and  the  cloister ;  but,  though  planned, 
this  subvault  was  never  constructed.  " .  ' 

A  door  in  the  west  side  of  the  lobby  opens  directly  into  an 
apartment  nearly  50  ft.  long  and  20  ft.  broad,  originallj 
vaulted  in  five  bays  of  two  spans,  with  semi-circular  walU 


.  ^  This  stair  was  lighted  by  a  small  parts  of  the  abbeT  buildings  whidi  Niil 

loop  looking  into  the  screens^  now  repre-    '  ttfeih  groined  roow."    '  ' *         '   * 

sented  by  a  gap  in  the  wall.  '7  Kites  of  Durham,  p.  76. 
'*  The  cellar  and  lobby  are  the  only 


ST.  AOATHA  JUXTA   RICHMOND.  153 

ribs.  The  vault  has  long  been  destroyed.  It  rested  [on 
corbels  against  the  walls,  and  a  central  row  of  four  pillars, 
now  removed.  This-  chamber  was  for  the  accommodation  of 
servants.  It  was  lighted  by  two  large  windows  on  the 
south,  and  a  loop  on  the  north.  A  door  in  the  north-west 
comer  opens  into  a  passage  to  the  domus  necessarian  or 
privy. 

The  ascending  stair  on  the  north  of  the  guest-hallj  has 

two  doors  on  its  upper  landing.     The  one  on  the  north  is 

the  private  door  between  the  guests'  and  canons'  parts  of 

the  building,  and  has  already  been  mentioned.      The  other 

opens    into  a    similar  lobby   to   that   beneath,   originally 

vaulted,  and  having  the  same  arrangement  of  window  and 

doors.     Its  north  door  opens  into  a  chamber  above  the 

cellar,  originally  vaulted  in  four  bays,  and  lighted  by  a  pair 

of  narrow  loops  at  the  upper  end.     On  the  west,  entered  by 

a  door  from  the  lobby,  as  well  as  by  another  from  the  room 

just  described,  is  a  fine  apartment  of  the  same  size  as  its 

sabvault.     It  was  originally  covered  by  a  bold  semicircular 

Tault  of  five  bays  (with  pointed  wall-ribs)  springing  from 

corbels.  At  the  south  end  are  two  large  windows.  Externally, 

these  are  the  middle  compartments  of  an  intersecting  arcade 

of  four  pointed  arches,  with  sunk  quatrefoil  panels  in  the 

heads  and  shafts  with  foliated  capitals.     The  north  end  has  a 

window  of  two  lights  divided  by  a  circular  shaft,  with  a 

quatrefoil  in  the  head.     The  openings  were  shuttered  and 

not  glazed,  and  a  seat  is  formed  on  each  side  of  the  sill. 

The  east  wall  has  two  lockers  in  it,  and  a  large  gap,  which 

probably  marks  the  site  of  a  fireplace.     In  the  north-east 

comer  is  a  passage  to  the  privy,  like  that  below.     This  fine 

room  was  the  guest's  solar.   The  narrow  one  on  the  east  was 

the  cellarer's  room,  where  he  kept  the  necessary  stores,  such 

as  **  table  clothes,  table  napkings,  and  all  the  naprie."^     It 

originally  had  a  door  into  the  dorter  subvault,  and  thus 

eommunicated  with  the  cloister. 

Over  all  the  western  range  of  buildings  was  an  upper 
series  of  chambers  of  the  same  area  as  those  below  them. 
As  they  were  used  solely  by  the  members  of  the  convent, 
they  were  directly  in  communication  with  the  cloister  by 
means  of  the  dorter  stairs.  The  room  above  the  guest-hall  is 
completely  destroyed.     It  was  entered  from  the  dorter  stair, 

*  RitM  of  Durham,  p.  83. 


154  ON   THE    PR^MONSTRATENSIAN   ABBEY  OP 

aud  from  the  marks  left  against  the  frater  wall  had. at  least 
one  window  overlooking  the  cloister,  with  an  entry  beneath 
it  into  the  frater.  In  the  east  wall  was  a  fireplace,  and  the 
roof  was  of  wood.  The  room  seems  to  have  been  one  of 
some  importance,  and,  as  Mr.  Micklethwaite  suggests,  was 
possibly  for  the  use  of  superior  guests,  or  perhaps  for  the 
prior  himself  when  receiving  the  guests,  which  he  would  not 
do  in  the  infirmary.  The  canons'  and  novices'  dorter  occupied 
the  upper  floor  of  the  range  north  of  the  dorter  stairs,  but 
is  now  almost  completely  destroyed.  It  was  a  well-lighted 
room  about  75  ft.  long  and  25  ft.  wide,  with  windows  on 
the  east,  north,  and  part  of  the  west  sides,  and  was  furnished 
with  cubicles  for  th6  inmates,  and  probably  ''  boarded  under 
foote  for  warmeness."  At  the  north  end  were  the .  night 
stairs  for  the  brethren  to  go  direct  into  the  churqh  at 
midnight  to  say  matins.  These  were  either  in  the  west  end 
of  the  south  aisle  with  a  door  from  the  dorter,  or  they  were 
built  in  the  north  end  of  the  warming  house,  where  there  is 
a  door  into  the  church.  The  former  seems  the  more  likely 
alternative,  as  the  door  from  the  warming  house  is  top 
narrow  for  such  a  purpose,  and  more  probably  led  to  a 
cupboard  or  small  chamber  formed  beneath  the  night  stairs. 
The  superstructure  of  this  block  is  so  ruined  that  nothing 
can  be  said  positively  as  to  its  arrangements.  Any 
chambers  here  placed  would  probably  be  used  as  store  or 
lumber  rooms.  The  north  end  contained  or  formed  a 
passage  from  the  dorter  to  the  domus  necessarian  or  great 
privy,  on  the  west,  and  was  lighted  by  two  small  pointed 
loops  which  are  still  perfect.  The  line  of  the  dorter  stairs 
were  continued  in  a  similar  way  across  the  south  end  for 
the  same  purpose.  The  arrangements  of  the  domus 
necessaria  are  obscure,  owing  to  the  destruction  of  th^ 
northern  half  of  the  building:  It  was  divided  into  three 
floors,  the  lowest  for  servants,  the  next  for  guests,  the  upper 
for  the  convent ;  but  as  there  are  no  windows  or  other  openings 
below  the  upper  floor  in  the  part  remaining,  it  is  difficult  to 
see  how  the  arrangements  for  the  guests  and  servants  were 
managed.  Some  portion  at  the  north  end  roust^  howoTor, 
have  been  divided  oft*  for  their  use.  The  upper  floor  has  4|t 
the  south  end  the  remains  of  a  good  triplet  of  luimt 
windows,  and  between  each  of  the  western  buttresses,  was  A 
small  lancet.     The  stage  in  which  the  latter  are  is  only  half 


ST.  AGATHA   JUXTA   BICHMOND.  157 

the  thickness  of  the  wall  below  (see  section),  and  is  sur^ 
mounted  externally  by  a  good  corbel  table  similar  to  that  in 
the  west  end  of  the  frater  and  that  supporting  the  chimney 
of  the  abbot's  chamber  outside  the  north  transept.  The 
remains  of  a  shaft  with  foliated  capital  against  the  east  side 
of  the  southern  triplet  shows  that  the  passage  at  this  end 
was  externally  ornamented  with  an  arcade  of  some  kind,  in 
keeping  with  that  below.  The  middle  and  eastern  lights 
of  the  triplet  retain  portions  of  a  medieval  walling  up. 
This  was  doubtless  done,  as  at  Durham,^  ^'  to  make  the 
howse  more  close.'' 

The  arrangements  described  are  well  shewn  in  the  two 
sections. 

The  domtis  necessaria  was  most  effectually  cleansed  and 
kept  sweet  by  turning  through  it  the  waste  water  from  the 
abbey  mill.  This  stood  to  the  north,  on  the  site  of  the 
present  mill,  which,  though  a  modern  building,  retains  all 
the  water  arrangements  of  its  predecessor.  The  mill-race 
is  still  in  use.  It  is  covered  over  from  the  mill  to  the  abbey 
buildings,  and  again  after  passing  through  them  until  just 
before  it  discharges  itself  into  the  river,  where  the  tunnel 
gives  place  to  an  open  watercourse. 

The  whole  of  the  western  buildings  are  of  a  date  circa 
1230. 

It  should  be  noticed  that  the  doors  throughout  the  abbey, 
almost  without  exception,  have  raised  and  chamfered  sills. 
This  was  a  contrivance  to  keep  out  cold  winds  by  pro- 
viding that  the  door  should  shut  against  a  frame  all 
round. 

Of  the  offices  of  the  outer  court,  such  as  the  bakehouse, 
3rewhouse,  stables,  etc.,  nothing  remains  except  a  long 
3uilding  on  the  river  bank,  now  so  much  altered  and 
tnodemised  that  its  original  use  is  obscure.  A  portion  of 
the  circuit  wall  also  remains.  When  complete,  it  extended 
Trom  the  gatehouse  to  the  river. 

The  gatehouse  still  remains  in  very  perfect  condition. 
The  gateway  proper  is  set  in  the  middle  of  the  entrance 
passage,  and  has  the  usual  greater  and  lesser  doorways, 
which  are  round-headed.  The  outer  porch,  as  well  as  the 
gate-hall,  has  a  groined  roof.  The  great  arch  at  each  end 
of  the  entrance  passage  is  treated  in  a  very  peculiar  manner ; 

"  See  Ritea  of  Durham,  p.  78. 


158       ON  THE  PB^MONSTBATEKSIAN   ABBEY  OF  8T.  AGATHA. 

it  is  a  pointed^  one  of  two  orders,  with  a  third  and  inner 
order,  which  is  semi-circular.  The  jamb  shafts  have  the 
nail-headed  ornament  on  the  capitals.  An  external  stair 
on  the  north  leads  to  an  upper  storey.  This  is  lighted  at 
the  east  end  by  a  fine  two-light  window  with  good 
geometrical  tracery;  and  above  this,  in  the  gable,  iA 
another  window,  somewhat  shorter,  but  of  two  lights,  with, 
good  early  tracery.  There  is  also  a  two-light  window  ia 
the  western  end.  On  the  south  side  of  the  gate-hall  are 
traces  of  a  doorway  into  the  porter's  lodge.  The  lower  part 
of  the  gatehouse  is  of  the  same  date  as  the  earliest  monastic 
buildings,  but  the  upper  story  is  somewhat  later. 

The  special  thanks,  not  only  of  the  Association,  under  whose 
auspices  the  excavations  have  been  carried  out,  but  of  every 
antiquary  who  visits  the  abbey,  are  due  to  the  owner,  R.  M. 
Jaques,  Esq.,  in  allowing  me  unrestricted  permission  to 
make  whatever  researches  were  thought  necessisiry,  and,  what 
was  equally  to  the  purpose,  to  disencumber  the  ruins  from 
growing  trees  and  shrubs,  and  to  root  up  tha.t  curse  of  all 
old  buildings^ — the  ivy. 

The  accompanying  plans  are  reduced  by  photography 
from  those  carefully  measured  and  drawn  to  scale  by  the 
writer  during  the  course  of  the  excavations.  The  two  excel- 
lent sections  of  the  western  range  of  buUdings  were  made  by 
Messrs.  A.  Marriott  and  B.  Peaker. 

I  must  express  my  thanks  to  Mr.  T.  Spencer,  of  Rich*^ 
mond,  for  several  useful  notes  and  measurements. 


EXTRACTS    FBOM    THE    JOURNAL  OF  OASTELION    MOREIS. 

Communicated  by  THOMAS  BROOKE,  F.S.A. 

Amongst  the  letters  and  MSS.  of  Ralph  Tkoresby,  F.R.S., 
the  Yorkshire  Antiquary — which  formed  a  part  of  the 
collection  of  the  late  President  of  the  Chetham  Society 
(Mr.  James  Crossley,  F.S.A.) — there  is  one  volume  of 
considerable  interest,  which  seems  to  have  escaped  the  notice 
of  the  Rev,  Joseph  Hunter,  F.S.  A.,  the  editor  of  the  Thoresby- 
Diary  and  Correspondence  (London,  1830).  This  volume 
(entirely  autograph)  contains  the  catalogue  of"  The  Naturall 
and  Artificial  Curiositys  in  my  Slender  Musceum  at  Leedsy 
An\  1708''  which  has  (with  additions)  been  printed  as  an. 
Appendix  to  the  Ducatus  Leodiensis.  This  catalogue  is 
f<^wed  by  extracts  from  various  books  and  manuscripts, 
and  the  volume  is  completed  by  an  index  or  list  of  references 
to  persons  and  places  to  whom  and  to  which  Thoresby 's 
attention  had  been  directed. 

The  memoranda  made  by  him  from  the  journal  of 
Castilion  Morris,  which  appear  in  this  volume,  have  not  (so 
far  as  I  can  ascertain)  hitherto  been  printed,  but  as  a  first- 
hand report  of  the  events  of  an  eventful  period  in  Yorkshire 
they  seem  worthy  of  a  place  in  our  Journal.  It  may 
interest  some  of  our  readers  to  compare  the  account  of  ^^  The 
Alarm  at  Leeds,''  as  given  by  a  prominent  actor  in  the  scene, 
with  Thoresby 's  own  history  of  the  transaction  in  his 
Diary  for  1688.  It  will  bo  found  that  this  latter  report 
snbrtantially  corroborates  the  statement  contained  in  Morris' 
Journal  {vide  Thoresby's  Diary  by  Hunter,  vol.  I.,  pp. 
188—191).  Castilion  Morris  was  the  second  son  of  Col. 
John  Morris  (or  Morice)  of  Elmsall,  who,  June  3rd,  1648, 
seized  Pontefiract  Castle  for  the  King,  and  who  was  executed 
at  York,  August  23,  1649,  his  body  being  buried  at 
WentworUi  at  his  own  desire,  ^'  near  imto  the  grave  of  his 
worthy  lord  and  master  the  late  famous  Earl  of  Strafford." 

The  trial  is  reported  in  Cobbett's  State  Trials,  IV.,  1 250. 


160  EXTRACTS  FKOM  THE  JOURNAL 

A  popular  account  of  the  siege  of  Pontefract  Castle  1648-9 
may  be  found  in  the  1881  volume  of  "  Old  Yorkshire  "  edited 
by  our  distinguished  associate  Mr.  William  Smith,  P.S.A.Sc. 
A  full  diary  of  the  siege,  compiled  from  the  yarious 
authorities  by  Mr.  Longstaffe,  F.S.A.,  was  published  by  the 
Surtees  Society  (vol.  xxxvii.,  1861,  Miscellanea)  as  an 
Appendix  to  Drake's  Journal  of  the  First  and  Second  Sieges 
1644-1645. 

From  Dugdale's  Visitation  of  Yorkshire,  1666  (Surtees 
Society,  vol.  xxxvi.,  p.  267),  we  learn  that  Castilion 
Morris  was  born  "  in  the  time  of  the  siege  of  Pomfret 
Castle '' :  he  must,  therefore,  at  the  date  of  his  death, 
Dec.  18,  1702,  have  been  about  54  years  of  age. 

He  was  appointed  Town  Clerk  of  Leeds  in  1684,  His 
widow,  the  lender  of  the  Journal  to  Thoresby,  was  Mary, 
daughter  of  George  Jackson,  of  Leeds,  Merchant. 

Memoranda  from  a  MS.  writ  by  M^  Castilion  Morris,  late  Town-Clark 
of  Leedes,  lent  me  by  his  widdow  this  30  March,  1705 —  'tis  called — 

A  JOURNALL  OF  LETTERS  AND  MEMORANDUMS  OF  MATTERS  OF  MomWT, 
PUBLICK   AND   PRIVATE,   BEGUN    14   DeC*,    1687. 

Leedes,  14**^  Dec,  1G87. — A  coppy  of  D'  Nath.  Johnston's  Letters. 
Mr.  Morris  in  answer  to  his  concerning  supposed  Alterations  in  the 
Corporation. 

Bp.  Laybume  and  Judge  Allabone  told  M'  Calverley  and  M'  Joe. 
Kitchingman  none  to  be  removed  that  would  vote  to  repeal  the  Test  and 
Penal  Laws,  but  the  Lords  would  take  little  notice  of  former  merits  in 
case  of  refusal. 

Whitehall,  Dec.  14^,  '87.— A  Letter  from  the  Lord  Sunderland^ 
President  of  the  Council,  by  the  King's  command  to  the  Mayor,  ko,^  of 
Leedes,  in  behalf  of  the  Quakers,  that  the  Goods  belonging  to  John 
Wales  and  other  Quakers  which  were  seized  and  taken  from  them  apoa 
the  account  of  their  religious  worship,  and  yet  in  the  hands  of  Jo.  Tod 
tlie  Constable  unsold,  be  restored  to  the  respective  owners  without 
charge.     (See  WardelFs  Municipal  History  of  Leeds,  p.  66.) 

Leedes,  6^  Jan3^. — The  Mayor  and  Aldermen's  answer  of  oomplyanoe 
subscribed  by  Hen.  Stanhope,  Mayor,  M.  Hick,  Tho.  Potter,  W.  Booke^ 
W.  Sawer,  John  (Thomas  it  should  be)  Kitchingman,  W"'  Massy,  Hen. 
Pawson,  Aldermen. 

Jany.  14***. — His  removal  to  Churwel, 

Upon  complaint  (2°^  April,  '88)  of  neglect  of  the  Town^s  baajnessfaj 
his  Clark,  he  deputes  M*^  Tho.  Leigh  during  pleasure. 

Upon  news  of  Alteration  in  the  Coiyoration  lavishness  of  Speeeh 
lamented  and  resolved  against. 

Scire  loqui  laus  est,  lauB  est  quoque  soire  tacere, 
lUa  magii  polchra  est,  hseo  quoque  pulchra  magii. 


OF  CASTILION   MOKRlS.  161 

i^  April,  '88. — His  letter  to  D'  Johnston,  K.  Graham,  Esq.,  and  others. 
A  real  Alteration  made  at  Pontfract,  Francis  Whyte,  Esq.,  displaced,  and 
Tho.  Ward,  Esq.,  made  Kecorder,  upon  whose  refusal  to  act  came  a 
mandamus  from  the  Council-board  to  sweare  M"^  Kobert  Fraiike. 
Aldermen  displaced  were  Rob*  Tatham,  John  Johnston,  Fr.  Farrcr,  W. 
Hamsden  and  John  Knowls. 

Put  in  PhiL  Hamerton,  Jos^  Mason,  Rob*  Ward,  John  Wildenian  and 
W"  Lapidge. 

8**^  May,  '88. — Benj.  Wade  of  Newgrange,  Esq.,  his  letter,  and  refusal  to 
stand  assistant  or  pay  his  £40  fine. 

Page  20. — ^The  King's  Declaration  and  Bp's  petition.  D^  John  Lake 
(formerly  Vicar  of  Zeedes),  Bp,  of  Chichester,  one  of  the  seven. 

Page  22. — His  elegi/  upon  Alderman  Bawmer.  The  petitioning  Bps, 
Bent  to  Tower  S^  Jime.    Prince  of  Wales  born  10  June,  '88. 

Page  23. — M' Wil"  J5oy/tf,  the  only  English  Operator  in  Glasse  ei/es, 
which  he  made  so  curiously  as  not  easily  to  be  discerned  from  the 
natural  eye,  he  was  first  apprentice  as  a  clothier  with  his  father,  and 
after  he  had  served  on  this,  since  bound  himself  apprentice  to  an  Operator 
m  Glasses^  but  found  out  this  Art  himself. 

Page  28.— 10  July,  '88.— M'  W°^  Lochwood,  late  of  Myton  now  of 
Leeds,  dyed  ;  he  was  Receiver  of  the  Queen  Dowager's  Rents  in  Yorkshire, 
and  Steward  to  the  Lord  Irwin,  a  man  of  good  behaviour,  honest  dealing, 
good  reputation.  - 

Page  29. — M'  Morris.     Letter  to  succession  therein,  but  in  vain. 

Page  34. — 15  Augt,  1688. — The  Answer  of  the  May(yr^  &c.,  of  Leedes, 
to  the  3  questions  proposed  by  Sir  Walter  Vavasour,  Bart.,  and  John 
Middleton  of  Stockeld,  Esq.,  Commissioners. 

1.  I  do  not  expect  to  be  made  a  member  of  Parliament,  if  I  was,  then 

reasonable  votes  of  the  House  should  guide  me. 

2.  I  wil  vote  for  Loyal  persons,  being  members  of  the  Church  of 

England  as  by  Law  established. 
2    1  always  did  and  ever  wil  live  peaceably  with  all  men. 

Subscribed  by  Hen.  Stanhope,  Mayor,  Fran,  Whyte^  Recorder^  Hen. 
Skelton,  Mar.  Hicke,  Tho.  Dixon,  Tho.  Potter,  W«»  Rooke,  W"»  Sawer,  Tho. 
Kitchingman,  W"*  Massy,  Henry  Pawson,  Michael  Idle,  Aldermen ;  Garvase 
Nevile,  Esq.,  and  Jos^  Ibbetson,  Aldermen,  then  absent,  sent  the  like 
answers  afterwards  under  their  hands  as  required. 

Page  36. — Tho  answer  of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  at  large  for  the 
West  Riding. 

Page  39. — His  own  intended  answer  if  required. 

Page  39.— Sept.  30  and  Oct'  1.— Above  6000  go  to  York  to  elect  the 
Lord  Clifford  and  Sir  Jo.  Kay  Knights  of  the  Shire.  A  proclamation 
touching  an  intended  Invasion  from  Holland. 

Page  40. — Tho  petition  of  the  Gentry  acquainting  the  King  with  the 
unfit  posture  of  the  Country  for  want  of  such  Deputy-Lieutenants  as 
they  could  safely  act  under.  (Tho.  Lord  Howard^  Lord  Lieutenant,  being 
absent  at  Rome  upon  an  Embassy  from  the  King).  Whereupon  the 
King  made  the  Duke  of  Newcastle  Lord  Lieutenant. 

Page  42. — The  Lord  Mayor  of  York  and  5  Aldermen  displaced,  the 
hew  ones  not  capacitated  to  act,  the  City  was  without  head  for  some 
time,  and  Sir  John  Reresby,  the  Governor,  kept  the  Keys. 

VOL.  X.  M 


162  EXTRACTS  PROM  THE  JOURNAL 

Pago  43.— Mr.  Morris's  petition  for  tho  arrears  duo  to  liim  as 
Muster-master  of  tho  East  Riding  since  Deer.  *85. 

Page  47. — Oct.  18. — The  King  by  Proclamation  restores  Corpora- 
tions to  their  former  privileges,  notwithstanding  the  surrendering  o£ 
their  Charters  to  him  or  to  Charles  II. 

Pago  47. — His  letter  to  M"^  Ridley  about  his  Town-Clark's  place. 

Page  48. — Printed  depositions  about  the  Prince  of  Wales'  birth. 

Page  51. — Depositions  concerning  the  Prince  of  Orange's  Memorial 
sent  from  Alderman  Field  of  Hull  to  M"^  Ra.  Spencer  to  be  forwarded  to 
Sir  John  Kay. 

Page  54. — News  of  the  Prince  of  Orange's  arrival.  Nottingham  taken 
by  the  Lord  de  la  Mere.  Militia  raised  15^*"  Nov^  A  meeting  appointed 
to  be  at  Yorke  on  Thursday,  22'»*i  Nov. 

Page  55. — M"^  Morris's  discourse  at  Tadcaster  with  the  Duke  of 
Newcastle,  who  had  left  York. 

Page  56. — Sir  Hen,  Goodrich's  speech  to  the  Gentry  in  the  common  Loll 
in  Yorke.    The  said  City  seized  by  the  Earl  of  Danby  and  Lord  Fairfax, 

Page  57. — The  list  of  Subscribers. 

Page  61. — Lord  Mayor's  (Rob*  Waller,  Esq.)  declaration  printed. 
Lord  Fairfax  with  Sir  W^  Strickland,  Tho«  Kirl^  Esq.,  attended  with  a 
party  of  horse,  came  to  Leedes  28  Nov.,  1688. 

Page  62. — Letter  subscribed  Danby  Fairfax  Goodrick  to  the  Mayor 
and  Corporation  of  Leedes,  with  the  answer. 

Page  63. — M'  Blt/thman*s  reading  the  Prince  of  0.  declaration  to  the 
Corporation  and  Inhabitants.  His  speech  5  Dec,  1688.  A  voluntary 
contribution  of  money  (about  £300)  by  the  Town  and  parish  for  pre- 
servation of  the  King,  the  Protestant  Religion,  our  Laws  and  Libertys, 
returned  by  the  Lord  Fairfax  with  thanks. 

Page  64. — Dec.  5. — News  that  Hull  was  secured  by  Capt.  Lionel  Copley, 
Deputy  Governor  for  the  Lord  Langdale,  the  Lord  Fairfax  acquaints 
M**  Blythman  therewith  and  the  Arrival  of  Princess  Anne  of  Denmark 
and  Bishop  of  London  at  Nottingham,  and  invitation  to  York.  The 
Princess,  Duke  Somerset,  &o.,  go  to  the  Prince  of  Orange. 

Page  65. — Capt.  Chris.  Tankred  (High  Sherifife  Anno — 84)  came  from 
York  to  Leedes  with  a  party  of  Horse,  and  took  of  the  King's  (Harth) 
money  £174  from  M'  Skinner  and  £140  from  Rob*  Atkinson  for  the 
forces  at  York,  this  Captain  had  proclaimed  the  king  at  Leedes,  being 
High  Sherifife  that  year. 

Page  (^Q, — On  Saturday,  15^^  Dec,  '88,  dm  Express  was  sent  from  Yorke 
to  Leedes  with  account  that  a  party  of  Irish  and  Scots,  lately  disbanded, 
had  burnt  several  towns,  particularly  Birmingham  and  A^orthampton, 
and  were  coming  Northward,  whereupon  strict  watch  and  ward.  Horse 
and  foot,  of  the  most  substantial  Householders  in  great  immbers  was  kept 
in  Leedes  and  all  the  country,  the  Papists  were  secured,  particularly 
M*"  Charles  Killingheck  of  Allerton  Grange  (hid  in  a  neighbouring 
tenement),  by  M*"  Nevile  of  Holbeck,  Captain  of  the  Guard  that  night.  It 
was  thought  convenient  this  Sunday  to  send  notes  to  be  read  in  all  the 
Chapels  to  give  notice  to  all  Masters  of  familys  with  servants  and  all 
that  were  able  to  boar  Arms  to  come  to  Leedes  by  10  o'clock  the  next 
morning,  and  to  bring  along  with  them  syths,  forks  or  such  weapons 
as  they  could  procure,  and  accordingly  I  sent  notes  to  the  Churches  and 
Chapels. 


OP  CASTILION  MORRIS.  163 

Piage  67. — The  noxt  morning,  being  Monday  17^**  Dec',  was  an  appear- 
ance of  most  of  the  Parishioners  of  all  ranks,  the  better  sort  (about  500) 
well  aocountred  with  good  horses,  sword  and  pistoUs,  the  foot  with 
svords,  pikes,  muskets,  and  others  with  syths  set  lengthway  upon  shafts 
(a  very  dangerous  weapon),  at  least  300,  the  rest  of  the  foot  or  rabble 
with  dubs,  staves,  &o.,  were  computed  to  5000,  but  most  say  Six  Thousand 
men  horse  and  foot  in  the  ....  (illegible)  .  .  .  where  we  met,  where  we 
Ibnned  ourselves  into  a  kind  of  Body.  Sir  John  Kay  was  Colloneil,  Sir 
Michael  Wentworth  Lieutenant-Col.,  Mr.  NevUe  of  Chevet  Major;  and 
a>ma  troops  of  Horse  were  framed — the  officers  were  : — 

Captains.  Lieutenants. 

Gervase  Nevile,  Esq.  Alderman  William  Sawer. 

Jasper  Blythman,  Esq.  Aldeiman  Thomas  Potter. 

D'  Francis  Wheatley.  John  Preston. 
Bobert  Barnes,  Gent. 


Comets.  Quarter-Masters. 

John  Skinner,  Gent.  Alderman  Michael  Idle. 

Castilion  Morris,  Gent.  Jeremiah  Barstow. 
John  Jaoksou,  Gent. 

The  foot  were  framed  into  Companys  that  I  cannot  enumerate. 

The  Alarm  at  Leedes,  Dec,  17. — About  8  of  the  Clock  on  Monday 
night  a  great  cry  and  shout  was  made  by  several  men  in  the  street, 
crying  Arms,  Arms,  Arms,  Horse,  Horse,  Horse,  Foot,  Foot,  Foot,  by  the 
noise  of  which  I  was  awakened  (being  then  gone  to  bed  by  reason  I  had 
been  up  the  njght  before  on  the  watch  with  Mr.  Mayor),  and  hearing  this 
noise  increase  called  for  a  candle,  got  on  my  boots,  left  my  wife  in  tears 
and  cliildren  asleep,  could  procure  no  certain  intelligence  in  the  street, 
all  was  in  such  confusion,  only  a  geneml  cry  that  the  Enemy  was  at 
Hand  and  that  Beaton  was  fired.  I  then  went  thro'  the  crowd,  which 
was  very  great  going  down  the  street  towai'ds  the  bridge,  armed  with 
•wordfl,  Pistolls,  Syths,  forks  and  other  weapons.  I  rid  to  bridge,  kc. , 
wrhere  I  met  some  returning,  who  satisfyed  me  it  was  a  false  alarm,  with 
vhich  the  consternation  of  the  town  was  allayed,  but  I  was  scarce  falne 
asleep  when  on  a  sudden,  about  1  or  2  of  the  Clock,  I  was  awakened 
again  with  the  like  cry  of  Arms.  This  was  occasioned  by  Mr.  Watson,  a 
joong  Merchant  (formerly  apprentice  with  M'^  Ri.  Green),  who  was  come 
in  al  hast  from  M'  Green  of  Hightown  with  Information  that  news  came 
to  them  there  that  HalUfax  was  on  fire  and  that  Uvtlienfiell  was  burnt, 
which  occasioned  another  very  great  consteiiiation  in  the  town,  for  which 
aome  more  ground,  Halifax  Beacon  being  really  fired  by  the  Inhabitants 
to  give  the  Country  notice  of  the  supposed  danger,  from  whence  the 
general  alarm  that  passed  thro'  the  whole  Country  arose. 

Page  69. — I  wil  not  presume  to  say,  but  the  surmise  was  that  the 
gentry  who  had  appeared  in  several  parts  for  the  Prince  of  Orange  had 
done  it  either  with  a  designe  to  draw  the  people  in  gcncrall  to  appear  in 
arms  as  they  had  done,  that  all  might  be  in  the  same  circumstances  with 
them,  or  else  to  see  in  how  short  a  time  and  with  what  posture  the 
Kingdoroe  would  appeare  to  defend  themselves  against  Popery,  and  not 
a  little  probable  to  terrify  that  party.     Then   follows  the   story   of 

M  2 


ICi       EXTKACTS  FROM  THE  JOURNAL  OP  CASTILION  MOKRIS. 

Murgetroid  the  Tailor  and  M™  Skinner  and  her  3  scrrauts,  who  left  a 
great  deal  of  plate  in  the  midst  of  the  room,  100  bag  under  the  labia 
and  fled  with  the  children  upon  the  servants  backs  to  the  woods  near 
Kirkstall. 

Page  70. — The  Lord  Fairfax,  M'  Kirk  and  other  officers  came  the  next 
day  to  Lecdes,  being  Tuesday,  18^^*  Dec%  with  3  troops  of  the  Militia 
which  had  been  at  York  from  the  17***  or  18'^  Nov^,  and  on  Wednesday 
Morning  dismissed  the  said  troops,  and  gave  orders  for  refunding  tiie 
moneys  collected  (before  mentioned). 

Page  71. — Dec,  24"^ — Gentry  and  Freeholders  went  to.  York.     Lord- 
Fairfax  and  John  Darcy^  Esq.,  (son  to  Conyers  Lord  Darcy)  were  elected 
Knights  of  the  Shire. 

Page  72. — M'  Morris's  conference  with  Lord  Chief  Justice  J>^<?ryj,  who 
had  put  him  in  for  Town-Clark. 

Page  73-74.^-A  convention  called  22  Jany.  by  the  P.  of  Or.  Letters 
directed  to  the  Coroners  Geo.  Holcot  and  W"*  Manlivorer,  Gent.  Letter 
accordingly  to  bo  puV)li8hed  at  Leedes  and  other  market  towns.  The 
election  was  to  be  on  Monday,  14*^  Jany.,  at  York.  Ijqt^  Fairfax  and  Sir 
John  Kay  were  elected  for  the  Convention  (M'  Darcy  being  dead).  The 
Kingdom  was  now  in  great  firmcnt  and  disorder.  Trade  dead,  the  current 
of  Law  and  Justice  stopt  so  that  no  sessions  was  held  with  us  at  liCedes 
after  the  Epiphany,  1688,  which  was  proclaimed  to  be  held  the 
IG^^  January,  nor  in  any  part  of  our  Country  that  I  heard  o£  Hillary 
Urm  not  held. 

Page  78. — K.  William  and  Qu.  Mary  proclaimed  at  Leedes^  19  Feby., 
*8|^,  between  2  and  3  in  the  Afternoon,  in  great  order  and  Solemnity, 
by  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen  in  their  formalitys ;  present,  Thomas  Kitch- 
iugman,  Mayor,  Gervase  Nevile,  Esq.,  W.  Rooke,  W.  Sawer,  Jos^  Ibbetaon, 
Hen.  Stanhope,  W"»  Massye  (Castilion  Morris,  Clark).  Aldermen  absent^ 
H.  Skeltou,  Marmaduke  Hicke,  Th.  Dixon,  Thomas  Potter,  Hen.  Pearson, 
Michael  Idle,  Aldermen  (below  which  is  added  in  the  same  hand  but 
different  Ink,  Peccavi,  miserere  me  Domine.     Amen.     Amen). 

Page  79. — His  journey  from  London  to  Soham  in  Cambridgeshire  in 
order  to  manage  an  Estate  in  the  Fens  for  Sir  John  Chicheley,  which 
Country  not  agreeing,  and  circumvented  by  W.  Ingram  in  collecting  the 
Publick  Aids,  removes  his  family  to  Kensington  in  Middlesex. 

Page  81. — 22  Augst.  he  leased  his  TovmrClark's  place  to  M''  Thee. 
Leigh  for  5  J  years  at  60£  p.  an.  Sorely  afflicted  in  his  family  thro'  Lift 
wife's  dangerous  sickness. 

Pago  84.  — **  These  afflictions  coming  so  thick  upon  me  struck  me  into 
fcarfull  thoughts  and  apprehensions  that  God  Almighty's  wrath  and  anger 
were  kindled  against  me,  and  His  heavy  Judgments  falling  upon  mo  for 
ray  discontent  and  dissatisfaction  in  my  place  and  station,  wherefore  I 
cryed  unto  the  Lord.  He  also  heard  my  cry,  and  my  groaning  was  not 
hid  from  Him.  He  recovered  my  wife  from  the  gate  of  death,  therefore 
shall  my  soul  praise  Thee  as  long  as  I  have  any  being." 

Page  S5, — Kemoves  to  Blomesbury,  his  goods  shipwrapt  at  Christmas 
day,  neither  bordei-s  or  busynesse  occurring  there,  after  a  melancholy 
winter  removal  to  Grays  Inn  Lane. 


j^Ot(S. 


The  Coaacil  have  desided  to  reserve  a  small  space  in  eaoh  Number  of  the  Journal, 
for  notices  of  Finds  and  other  discoveries ;  it  is  hoped  that  Members  will  assist 
in  making  this  a  record  of  all  the  matters  of  archaeological  interest  which  may 
from  time  to  time  be  brought  to  light  in  this  lai^ge  county.] 


XXX. 

.       EIRKHEATON  CHURCH. 

A  STONE  bearing  a  runic  inscription,  or  a  portion  of  ono, 
md  carved  with  patterns  on  the  sides,  was  found  in  October, 
L886,  in  digging  out  the  old  foundation  on  the  south  side  of 
.he  chancel.  The  runes  are  very  distinct,  and  Prof.  Stephens 
confirms  my  reading,  boh  woroht^,  i.e.  "Eoh  wrought'* 
the  grave-cross,  or  whatever  it  was).  We  reserve  further 
particulars,  engravings,  etc.,  till  the  work  at  the  church  is' 
\o  far  completed  that  no  more  fragments  are  likely  to  be 
ibund. 

J.  T.  Fowler. 


XXXI. 

YORK    MINSTER. 

The  stone-work  of  the  St.  Cuthbert  window  having 
become  much  decayed  has  had  to  be  renewed,  and  thisj 
opportunity  is  being  taken  to  restore  the  glass  to  something 
like  its  original  order,  as  suggested  in  this  Journal,  vol.  iv., 
pp.  249-376.  While  the  glass  has  been  down,  Mr.  Fowler 
has  been  able  to  examine  it  much  more  closely  than  was 
possible  before,  and  hopes  to  correct  and  add  to  his  former 
account  in  several  particulars.  This  will  probably  be  done 
in  our  next  volume.  The  old  glass  is  now  up  again,  and 
is  wonderfully  improved  by  the  restoration  of  the  proper 


166  KOTES. 

sequence  of  red  and  blue  backgrounds  as  well  as  of  subjects, 
and  by  a  careful  cleansing  of  the  whole  from  accumulated 
dust,  etc.  Mr.  Knowles,  of  Stonegate,  York,  with  Mr. 
Fowler's  help,  is  preparing  new  tracery  lights  and  eleven 
new  panels  to  take  the  place  of  old  glass  that  has  been  lost 
All  the  new  work  will  bear  the  date  of  its  execution  in  small 
figures.  Six  coloured  panels  which  did  not  belong  to  the 
window  are  being  put  into  the  blank  window  at  the  east  end 
of  the  north  side  of  the  choir. 


XXXIL 

OLD  MALTON  PRIORY  CHURCH. 

The  Council  have  heard  with  much  pleasure  that  at 
length  steps  are  about  to  be  taken  to  put  this  beautiful 
church  into  a  proper  state  of  repair.  Those  members  who 
visited  Old  Malton  on  the  occasion  of  the  Excursion  will 
remember  the  state  of  the  roof,  and  of  the  fabric  generally  ; 
it  is  quite  certain  that  the  proposals  have  not  been  made 
one  moment  too  soon. 

The  paper  read  by  the  Rev.  E.  A.  B.  Pitman,  vicar,  on 
the  occasion  of  the  Excursion,  will  appear  in  Part  xxxviii.  of 
the  Journal. 


XXXIII. 

BAINESSE,    CATTERICK. 

A  REMARKABLY  well-preserved  Roman  bronze  "  steel-yard  ** 
ha:;  lately  been  found  at  the  above  place  by  men  making  a 
sunk  fence.  The  weight,  however,  is  missing.  The  bar  is 
very  distinctly  graduated,  and  numbered  on  three  sides. 
The  hooks  <ind  chains  for  suspension  are  quite  complete. 
We  believe  tliat  Dr.  Hooppell  is  preparing  an  account  of  it 
for  the  British  Archa)ological  Association. 

J.   T.   FOWLKR. 


KOTES. 


167 


XXXIV. 

PEDIGREE  OF   THE   COLVILLES    OF  ARNCLIFFE,   SIGSTON, 

DALE,  EAST  HESLERTON  AND  LUTTON  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF 
YORK;  OF  ST.  HELEN'S  AUCKLAND,  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  DURHAM; 
AND  OP  BUTILL  AND  SPINDELSTON  IN  NORTHUMBERLAND. 


Sot  Pfliup  CoLTiLUC,  seneschal  to  TJngh.  Pudsey,  Bp.  of  Durham,  fVom  whom  he  hod  =t= 
K»nt  of  Thimblebv,  Foxton  and  Ellerbeck,  in  com.  Kbor.  living  1154-1189.    Uia 
name  appears  in  the  Boldon  Book,  and  in  the  charters  of  the  priory  of  Finchale 
Priory. 


Sib  Wiluajc  Coltille  =p 


RoDRRT  Enoeram  had  grant  of  fVee  warren  in  Amcliffe 
Dale  and  East  Heslerton  in  1265.  Robert  Ingram  port 
D'ermyn  une  feet  de  goulet  et  troit  eokilt  dor  (CoJ.  Top. 
A  Ocu.  vol.        ,  p.  320X 


8iB  Pbilip  Coltills. 
boml2:!5. 


r 


Said  to  bo  =j=  Enoelisa  Ekgkium,  by  whom  came  Amcliffe,  Dale  and  East 

flealertou. 


T 


BiK  William  Colvillb,  mentioned  in  Kirkby's  Inquest,  12S5,  defendant  in  a  qtu>  warranto  =p 
about  finee  warren  at  Azndiffe,  *o.,  in  1293.   (Placita  de  quo  Warranto,  p.  2U3.) 

Sib  Robkbt  Colville.    Inq.  p.  m.  for  Butlll  and  Spendelstan,  1302.=y3 


Bat  Bosbbt  Ooltillb.  De  or  a  une  f(U$e  de  =^ 
aomim  f  le  ektf  •(;  rondeU  de  goutee, 
lfiebolas*s  Boll,  p.  00.  Had  grant  of  park  in 
Ameiifre  in  1317 ;  petitionea  against  male- 
iMton  who  broke  into  his  park  at  Amcliffe, 
tenpi  Id.  III.  S  Rot.  Pari.  404 ;  hod  Wapen- 
tak«  of  lisngbargh  under  commlraion,  10 
Ed.  IL  (Madoz  Exchequer.  018).  In  1314  he 
immoned  by  the  Archb.  to  York  to  fight 
the  Soots,  and  in  1315  by  the  same 
persna  to  a  ommcil  of  war  at  Doncastcr. 
(Northern  Registers.) 


Elizabeth, 
d.  and  h. 
ofSirJno. 
Conyers 
of    Sock- 
bum,  by 

whom 
came  St. 
Helen's 
Auck- 
land. 


Pbiup  Colville  mar. 
Agnea  Morthinfrton ; 
she  remarriod  Henry 
de  Haliburton.  a 
Scot,  o.  8.p.  There 
was  a  lawsuit  oun- 
ceming  lands  in 
Northiunberland  in 
30  Ed.  I.  (SeeCalen. 
darium  QencMlogi- 
cum.) 


^2«. 

Colville. 
o.  s.p.  had 
Sigston 
for  life. 

Robert 
colvili.k, 
died 
youui;. 


11 

Xabioit  Col- 

TILLB,  O.  a.p. 

ftmPHIUFPOT 
COLTILLR,  O. 

•  PL  at  Sand- 

wieh.    aUT« 

41  Ed.  3. 


I 


1 


JoAK,  sister=pSiR  William  CoLviLLE._Trustcos=f=JoAy,    EuzA-=p  Heniiy  Ponr.K 
ofAnthony 


St.Quentin. 
WiU  dated 
1390.  (See 
Ttat  Bbor. 
1.135.) 


S-antod  Amcliffe  to  Sir  Wm. ,  Joan 
8  wife,  and  their  son  John  in 
1351  and  in  1854.  Lands  granted 
to  Sir  Wm.  and  Joan  (-2d  wife)  in 
1305  :  Sir  Wm.  and  .loan  Colvillo 
parties  to  a  fine  of  Amcliffe  in 
1370k  In  the  east  window  of  Am- 
cliffe church  are  the  arms  of  Fau> 
oonberg  and  St.  Quontin. 


d.  of 
John 
Ld. 
Fau- 
con- 
berg. 


BETH. 


dictus  Sare- 
ZYK,  bom  be- 
yond the  sooR. 
Wm.  son  of 
Jno.  Malbys, 

gave  him 
lands  in  Dalo 
in  37  Ed.  3. 


Xabma- 

OVBB 


at 


Sir  John  Ooltillb.  Beheaded  at  Durham  = 
1 1  Aug.  1405,  for  taking  part  iu  Archb. 
Sciopes  rebellion.  (See  Shitkespeare's 
Henry  III.,  Act  iv.  s.  8,  where  Falntaff  calls 
him  **  a  most  ftirious  knight  and  valoruus 
enemy.'*)  Ina.  p.  m.  in  14 1  a,  where  John 
Oolvifle  nisheir  and  grandson  is  fouud  to  be 
SO  yean  of  age  and  upwards. 


:  Alice, 

d.  of 

John 

Ld. 

Darct, 

of  Mei- 

neU. 


,rT- 

JUBN. 

WlL- 

LI  AM, 

living 
41  Ed. 

3. 
o.  s.p. 


I 


Elizabeth  married  a 
person  whoso  UHroe 
is  not  known ;  was 
maid  of  honour  to 
the  Queen  of  Portu- 
gal;  dates  a  deed 
from  Baynard  Cas- 
tle, 7  Ric  2. 


r 


Uasbl-t*!.  Jonv    WAKOBsroRD,   from        Sir 

Gou    I        whom  descend  the  Wan-  Robert 
LLK^^      desfordsorKirklington.  Col- 

■i.  WM.FBBO0TMt,  of  BishoptOn,  VILLE, 

ia  com.  Kbor.  gentleman.  o.  s.^. 


=^  Irabkl,      Janst  =pStR  Wm.  Mauleverbr, 

d.  of     Colville.        of  Wothersome,  near 

SirThos.  Leeds,  from  whom  tlie 

Ful-  Mauleverera  of  Am- 

thorp.  cUffe  descend. 


168  KOTES. 


Sir  John  Colvillk.  Had  bis  estates  restored  \o  him  in  1416.  Ilis  =  Isabel,  d.  of  Sir  Piers  Til- 
will  made  in  France  at  Horfleur,  where  he  died  s.p.  in  1418.  liolfT.  Gives  up  tUl  ridrbfe 
To  his  will  is  attached  a  sea],  hearing  the  Colville  ai-ms  and  a  of  dower  in  Amcliffe  and. 
motto,  Droit  deair :  the  crest  is  a  bird,  bearing  the  motto  from  its  Dale  in  1436  to  Sir  Wm. 
mouth.  and  Joan  Maulevercr. 

Award  of  partitions  of  Colville'a  lands  was  made  in  1440  between  Sir  W« 
Mauleverer  and  Wm.  Fencotes,  gentleman,  whereby  Fencotes  got  Heslerton  anc^ 
Lutton,  Tbimbleby,  West  Kounton,  and  Sir  Wm.  Mauleverer  Amcliffe,  Dale,  and. 
Siggeston  in  the  county  of  York,  and  Botill  and  Spindelston  in  Northumberlandl. 
Dated  at  Bipon :  John  Thwayt  and  Bob.  Mauleverer  are  the  makers  of  the  award  ; 
the  latter  of  whom  was  father  to  Sir  Wm.  M. 

In  the  will  of  Sir  John  Colville,  1440,  mention  is  made  of  John,  son  of  Wm.  of  Sir 
Philip  Colville,  which  must  be  the  Philippot  Colville  who  was  alive  41  Ed.  3,  although 
in  the  French  pedigree  he  is  said  to  have  died  without  issue. 


PAYEE'S   MAEEIAGE    LICENSES. 

Pabt  V. 

(OOKTINUKD  FROM  P.  50,  VOL.   X.) 

With  Not<»s  by  tho  Rev.  C.  B.  NOBCUFFE,  M.A. 


Date. 

1599 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Whereto  be 
Harried. 

^Thompson,  William,  son  of 

Tocketts,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

Gisborough. 

William    T.,   of 

George  T.,  of 

Scarborough, 

Tocketts,  Par. 

Qeot. 

Gisboroiigh 

1599 

Booth,  Robert,  ot  Halifax    ... 

Farrer,   Grace,    of    EUand, 
dau'.  of  John 
Farrer 

Either  place. 

1599 

Howlej,  Thomas,  of  VVoodkirk 

Wilson,  Sybel,  of  Leeds  ... 

Woodkirk. 

1599 

Coppie,  Lancelot,  of  St.  John's, 

Martin,  Joan,   of  Beverley 

St.  John's,  Bever* 

Beverley 

Park,  Par.  St. 
John's,  Bever- 
ley, Wid. 

ley. 

1599 

Hllnai,  John,  of  Holy  Trinity, 

Holdsworth,  Mary,  of    St. 

Either  place. 

Goodramgate, 

Olave's,  York 

York 

im 

^llallory,  William,  son    and 

Bellingham,  Alice,  dau'.  of 

Eversham.       co. 
W^estm''. 

heir  of  John  M., 

James  B.,  Esq., 

Dio.  York,  Esq. 

of    Over    Le- 
vens.        Par. 
Eversham,  co. 
Westm*". 

1599 

Suffden.  Thomas 

ShackletoD,       Jennet,       of 

Keighley. 

1590 

"^^^   ^^y^  ^^^^^^^^  ™       ^^     ^^^  ^^  ^^^^^^^^^^v  vvvvvvvvv     vvv     »»■     vvv 

Keighley 

Abbey,  John,  son  of  Henry 

Freeman,  Jane,  of  Wighill 

BUton. 

A.,  of  Bilton 

1599 

Croft.  John 

Warrynge,   Alice,    of  Mor- 
peth 

Morpeth,        Dio. 
Durham. 

1     ^:A. 

^^  9  ^"  ^  ^^  ■      ^^     ^"  ^*^  ^'^^  Bvv    wvvVVVvvV***     ■■V9w9    P«B 

1599 
1599 

Homcastle,    Elizabeth,    of 
Campsall 

Smeaton. 

'^  Percehay,  Thomas,  of  Ryton, 

Briggs,  Mary ,27  Wid.,  Relict 

Gent. 

of  Francis  B., 
lite  of  Malton, 

* 

Gent. 

15^ 

RinalAv.  RinhArd    

Mideley,  Mary  

WakeBeld,     or 

•  ^ 

^^      O     rf  *   —•-.••^      .......•.«.«... 

Horbury. 

1599 

Cooke,  W  illiam,  of  Barnsley . . . 

Barroby,  Mabel,  of  Kippax, 
Wid. 

Barnsley. 

U99 

Lyne,  John 

Fountains,  Alice,  of  Myton- 

Myton-on-Swale. 

on-Swale 

1599 

Thompson,   Richard,  of   Ro- 

Routh,  Elizabeth,   of   Ric- 

Riccall. 

cliffe 

call,  Wid. 

1599 

^Venablet,     Thomas,     Esq., 

Gargrave,   Ann,    dau'.    of 

Hemsworth,  or 

Baron   of    Kin- 

Iiady  Ann  G., 

Wragby. 

derton 

ofKinsley.Par. 

1 

^__^ 

Hemsworth 

f^  Vrtneiii,  Mm  of  William  Thompion.  married  Elizabeth  Tocketts,  and  died  IC^T  (see  p.  122  of 
"^Idde't  ViaiUtion,  Suriees  Hociety's  edition). 


*  AUee  lUUory  was  baried  at  Heversham  25  May,  ICll.  "  in  her  Father's  Queare." 


dMighter  of  Sir  Ifarmaduke  WyTill.  Knight  and  Baronet,  by  Maf^dalen  Danby^ 
.    -  Peroefaay  was  buried  5  February,  1625-4J,  at  St.  Martin's,  Coney  Street,  York. 
"  8m  Bontcr't  South  Yorkshire,  a,  pi  214. 


17Q 


PAVER  S   MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


Date. 


1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 


1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 


Name  and  description. 


29  Johnson,  John,  of  Beverley 


Name  and  desoription. 


Shaw,  Willjam 


Alwyn,  Henry,  of  Keyingham 

Marsh 
Qower,  Richard,  of  Thornaby, 

Qent. 


*  CordukeSy  Richard,  Glover 
Husthwaite,  John 

Backtrout,  William  

Hattersley,  John,  Wid' 

^*  Ruddock,  Robert,  of    New 

Malton 
Smith,  John  

Taylor,  Robert,  of  Langtoft... 

Finder,  Edmund,  of  Campsall 

Bateson,  John,  of  Wakefield... 


32  Hippon,  George,  of  Feather- 

stone,  Gent. 

Stephenson,  Ralph,  of  Mar- 
fleet 

DiokensoD,  Robert,  of  Ether- 
thorpe,  Par.  Dar- 
field 

33  Appleby,  Edward   

Lister,  Richard,  of  Weat- 
hoe  ?  [sic\  Par, 
Gisburn 

Carter,  John,  of  S  wainby 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Hunt^,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Robert 
H.,  of  Thorn- 
ton in  Picker- 
ing Lithe 

Ewbank,  Isabel,  of  Burgh 
under  Stain- 
moor,  Dio. 
Carlisle 

Rooxebye,  Bridget,  of  Ca- 
merton 

Weldon,  Barbara,  dau*^.  of 
John   W.,  of 
Mowthorpe 
Grange,    Par. 
Terrington 

Richardson,  Ann,  of  Westow, 

Bentley,    Jane,    of    Green 
Hammerton, 
Par.  Whixley 

Fowler,  Margaret,  of  Higtoo, 
'Par.  Kirkby, 
Overblows 

Robinson,  Isabel,  of  Pannall. 

Briggs,  Ann,  of  Barton-le- 

Street 
Rayner,  Isabel,  of  Hooley, 

Par.  Batley 
Kirkby,  Ellen,  of  Huggate, 

Wid. 
Longfellow,  Elizabeth,  dau'. 

of  John  L.,  of 

Campsall 
Stocks,        Elizabeth,        of 

Thomes,  Par. 

Wakefield 
RoUeston,      Elizabeth,     of 

Womersley 
Maire,  Agnes,  of  Sproatley 

Winter,  Alice,  of  Doncaater 


Tewpleye,  Cicely,  of  Scar- 
borough 

Pudsey,  Ellen,  of  Long 
Preston,  Qent. 

Robinson,    Jane,    dau'.    of 
Robert  R.,  of 
Topcliffe 


Thornton. 

St.     Michael-le- 
Belfrey,  York. 

Ottering^iam. 
TerringtoQ. 


Westow. 
Whixley. 

Kirkby-Over- 

blows,    or 

Pannall. 
Pannall. 

Barton-le-Streot. 

Batley. 

Huggate. 

Campsall. 

Wakefield. 

Featherstone. 

Marfleet. 

Darfield,  or  Don- 
caster. 

Scarborough. 

Gisburn,  or  Long 
Preston. 

Topcliffe. 


»  Took  place  7  Augiist,  1599. 

«>  His  sou  Richard  was  baptized  at  Westow,  21  January,  lCOl-2. 

31  He  baptized  three  Rons  at  St.  Michael's,  Malton.  Israel,  U  June,  1600 ;  Marmaduke,  22 
August,  1002  ;  Timothy,  30  November,  1603. 

3a  Took  place  11  Auj^st,  l/iOO. 

33  Probably  a  daughter  of  Michael  Tublay  of  Hackness  (son  of  Dr.  Stephen  Tiiblay,  physician  to 
King  Henry  tbe  Eighth),  who  baptized  a  son,  Stephen,  11  September,  1572.  and  mamed  a  second 
wifo,  Mary  Williamson,  2  July,  1676,  at  Hackness.  Hia  sister  Mary,  widow  of  Leonard  Boynton, 
was  buried  at  Snaith,  9  May,  ll)9i,  and  her  eldest  son  (my  ancQFtor)  bgro  hlo  grandfather's  namo 
gfStejihon, 


PAYERS  UABBUGE  LICENSES. 


171 


Date. 


Name  and  description. 


1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 


Eynns,  Robert,  of  Wbitkirk 

Holgate,  Thomas,  of  Staple- 
ton,  Par.  Dar- 
rington,  Gent. 

Dawson,  Peter,  of  Birkrigg, 
Par.  Askrigg 

Morton,  Robert 

Thorley,  Nicholas,  of  Bellasis, 
Par.  Eastrington 


Healby,  Thomas,  of  Askham 

Bryan 
Atkirk,  Christopher,  of  Thome, 

Gent. 

Garforth,  John,  of  Wheldale 
Par.  WaterFrys- 
ton,  Wid'. 

^Constable,  Marmaduke,  of 
Kexby 

Best,  William,  of  Bolton 
Percy 

Houseman,  William,  of  Stam- 
ford Bridge 


Tyndall,  James 


**  Bradshaw,  Strangewayes,  of 

Sneaton,  Esq. 
Athorpe,  Robert,  of  Howden 

Ullithome,  Brian,  of  Eipon... 

liarser,  Thomas 

s^Yincent,  Marmaduke,  Gent. 


Amett,    George,    of    Kirby 

Knowie 
Rayner,  John,  of  Morley,  Par. 

Batley 
Shann,  Stephen,  of  Ripon 

Day,  Thomas,  of  Bishopton... 

Willey,     Simon,     of    South 
Otterington 


Name  and  description. 


Leigh,  Elizabeth,  of  Roth- 
well,  Wid. 

Nelson,  Margaret,  of  New- 
land,  Par. 
Draz 

Fawcett,  Ellen,  of  Sedburgh 

Reynolds,  Barbara,  of  Hull 

Gartham,  Elizabeth,  dau<^. 
of  Roger  Q., 
of  Goodman- 
ham 

Turner,  Alice,  of  Fulford, 
Wid. 

Appleby,  Ann,  dau'.  of 
Alexander  A., 
of  Paull 

Garforth,       Margaret,      of 
Whitley,  Par. 
Kellington, 
Wid. 

Teale,  Catherine,  dau'.  of 
Anthony  T., 
of  York 

Fisher,  Mabel,  of  Ripley  ... 

Farthing,    Ellen,     of     St. 

Michael  -  lo  • 

Belfrey,  York 
Otterbum,      Margaret,     of 

Kirby    Moor* 

side 
Pennyman,     Elizabeth,    of 

Ormesby 
Massome,  Agnes,  of  Wressle, 

Wid. 
Bickers,  Phillida,  of  Kirkby 

Malzeard 
Whitehead,  Agnes,  of  Cll- 

theroe 
Snawsell,    Margaret,   dau'. 

of  Robert  S., 

of  Bilton, 

Gent 
Mangle,  Ann,  of  Sowerby... 

Hodgson,  Elizabeth,  of 
Harthill 

Currier,Catherine,  of  Kirkby 
Malzeard 

Clough,  Frances,  of  Top- 
cliffe 

Green,  Elizabeth,  of  New- 
some,  Par. 
Kirby  Wiske 


Where  to  be 
Harried. 


Whitkirk. 

Darrington,      or 
Drax. 

Askrigg, 

St.  Mary's,  Castle- 
gate,  York, 
Eastrington. 


Fulford. 

Thomgumbald, 
Paull,  or  Pre3» 
ton. 

Water  Fryston. 


Catton. 


Either  place. 

St.    Michael  •  le  • 
Belfrey. 

Kirby  Moorside. 


Ormeaby. 

Wressle. 

Ripon. 

Clitheroe. 

Bilton. 

Kirby  Knowie. 
HarthiU. 
Either  place. 
Ripon. 
Kirby  Wiske. 


**  Took  place  2  August,  1599. 

»  He  was  buried  at  Ormesby,  having  had  eleven  ohildron,  6  April,  1631.  She.  U  March,  1654-5. 
Tbeir  eldest  son  James  (baptij^ed  1  September,  1601)  had  a  son,  Constablo  Bi-adshaw,  baptised  10 
}U^,  H»o.  ^  See  Foster's  Yisitatiop,  pp.  95,  030. 


172 


PAVEB  S  MABBUGE  LICENSES. 


1 

Dato. 
1599 

Name  and  description.                   Name  and  deacription. 

Whereto  be 
Married. 

Gierke,     Thomas,    of    Bury- 

Stubbs,  Margaret,  of  Sneyn- 

Brompton,  or 

thorpe 

ton,  Wid. 

Sneynton. 

1599 

37Pudsey,  Thomas,  of  Staple- 

Wharton    aXia»    Langdale, 

ton,  Par.  Croft, 

Faith,37  dau'. 

Gent. 

of   Jane   W., 
alioA  L. 

1599 

Lanirthome.  Stephen    

Myers,  Janet,   of  Hamps- 
thwaite 

Hampsthwaite. 

A  %fmf  ir 

^i^%immmm^  ^rMB  ^0  •  m^  "i*  ■       ^k^  ^^^  »^  m^  ^0m^              9  m  w   •••    ■•■ 

1599 

Taylor,  Robert,    of  Turmer- 

Pinder,  Sylvester,  of  Hull, 

Swine,  or  Holy 

hall,  Par.  Swine, 

Wid. 

Trinity,  Hull. 

Gent. 

1599 

Ibbotson.  James    

Lightfoot,     Elizabeth,     of 
Linton  -  in  - 

Linton-in- 
Craven. 

^^  ^^m    "^^    ^^    ^F*^  ^^  ^►^  V         ^^     ^^^  ^^^r^  -^m^^                      VVVVVV**^9VV      9     w     W 

Craven.  Wid. 

1599 

Cunliffe.  Robert     

Greenfield,  Susan,  dau'.  of 
John    G.,    of 

Halifax. 

^^    Vtfvflhv-^v^v^V^*^^    ■         ^^^^  ^^    ^^"    ^^  ^*      ^»                            V*"***      »■»     VVV     W»w 

Halifax 

1599 

Parkinson,  George,  of  Middle- 

Chambers,  Ann,    dau'.    of 

Coxwold,  or 

ton  Geoi^ge,  CO. 

John    C,   of 

Husthwaite. 

Durham.  Gent. 

Bagby,  Gent. 

1599 

Fussey,  Peter,  of  Donnington 

Tangate,  Agnes,  of  Beaton, 

Siggledthome. 

in  Holdemess 

Par.    Siggles- 
thome,  Wid. 

1599 

Plummer,    Richard,    of    St. 

Ledall,  Ellen,  of  St.  Mary's, 

St  Mary's, 

Mary's,    Castle- 

Castlegate, 

Castlegate, 

gate,  York 

York.  Wid. 

York. 

1599 

Snydale,  Thomas,  of  EUand, 

Milner,  Mary,  of  Calverley, 

Elland, 

Gent. 

Wid. 

1599 

•'*^Robin8on,William,8on  of  Wil- 

Jenkins, Margaret,  of  Cat- 

Catton. 

liam  R.  of  York, 

ton 

Alderman 

1599 

Leak,  William,  of  Holme-on- 

Dale,  Ann,  of  South  Dalton 

Holme  -  on  •  the  • 

the-Wolds 

Wolds. 

1599 

Dev.  John 

Rogers,    Frances,   dau'.  of 
Richard  R.,  of 

South  Kirby. 

A  vt/  f 

A^^  J  J           ^^a***       «••  ••■  •••  •»•  t>  •■"»•••••• 

South  Kirby 

1599 

Hovle.  HeniT.  Clk 

Render.  Barbai'a.   dau'.   of 

Ripon. 

A  90V  V 

*i*>^J  **^j       *  m  ^^^^»  J   ■        ^^"  ■■  •■■    ■•    ••■«■■•«•• 

Richard  R.,  of 

Ripon 

1599 

Green,  John,  of  Marton,  Par. 

Stephenson,FranceR,ofPaull, 

Marton. 

Swine 

Wid. 

1599 

Pickersgill,  Nicholas,  of  Mas- 

Dickson,  Margery,  of  Spen- 

Massam. 

sam 

nithorne 

1599 

Askew.  John,  of  Bossall 

Roome.   Kli2uibeth.  of  Bos- 

Bossall 

A«/  V  •/ 

m  fc  ■#  ■■  ^^  ■  ■    ■    "   ^0  m^  ^tm  a    ^*  ^      ^»^  ^^^tww^^b^b^  ••■    •«•    ••• 

sail,  Wid. 

A'^OOCvA  A  • 

1599 

Judson,  George,  of  Kirkstall 

Taylor,    Sarah,    dau'.     of 
Thomas  T.,  of 
Bradford 

Bradford. 

1599 

Mowbray,  Francis,  of  Whitby 

W  ood,Elizabeth,of  Thornton 
in  Pickering 

Thornton. 

1599 

Snow,  Richard,  of  Ripon 

Snow,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Richard 
S.,  of  Hanips- 
thwaite 

Either  place. 

1599 

Phillips,  William  

Blithe,  Margery,  of  Owston, 
Par.  Coxwold 

Coxwold. 

^****»  •  1  \JA\Am 

37  Faith,  daughter  of  Michael  Warton,  of  Beverley,  by  Joan,  daughter  of  John  Portington,  of 
Portington,  who  had  rcmarriod,  thirdly,  Marmaduke  Langdale  of  Lanthorpe,  and  was  buried*  14 
June,  1C08,  at  iSt  Michael-le-Bolfrey,  York,  near  her  second  husbamd,  Ralph  Rokeby.  of  Lincoln's 
Inn,  and  of  the  Council  of  the  North,  buried  there  12  March,  l&S>4-5,  and  represented  by  the 
present  Baron  Hotham  of  South  Dalton. 

a>  Ancestor  of  the  first  Marquess  of  Bipon,  K.G. 


PAYERS  UABRIAGE  LICENSES. 


173 


Date. 


1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1 1599 
'l599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 


Name  and  description. 


Name  and  description. 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Utye,  Philip,  Vicar  of  Kiln- 1  Percival,  Margery,  dau'.  of 

AimP.,Wid.,of 

StCrux,York. 

Ratleston^Susan,  dau'.of  Wil 


sey 
Richardson,  Edward 

Sunman,  Robert 

ICudd,  James,  Gent. 


Wilson,  Thomas,  of  St.  Mi- 
chael -  le-Belf rey , 
York 

Sagar,  Thomas,  of  Bradford... 

Wayte,  Henry,  of  Arthington 
Pearson,  Anthony,  of  Catton 

Berriman,  John,  of  St.  Mi- 
chaers,  New 
Malton 

Holgate,  Henry,  of  Wragby... 


Richardson,  John 


Wentworth,  Robert,  of  Thorn- 
hill 
Lazenby,  "Wilfred,  of  Catton 


Smith,  Richard 


*>  Wilkinson,  Thomas,  of  Al- 
mondbury 

^^Kaye,  Arthur,  Vicar  of 
Doncaster 

Taylor,  Brian,  of  Langtoft   ... 


Webster,  John,  of  Swine 


^^  Wood,  Henry,  of  Silkston... 
Fairweather,  Henry,  of  Malton 


Bentley,  "William,  of  Butter- 

cramb 
Blackburn,  Francis    


Nuttall,  Ralph 


Huby,  Thomas,  son  of  Agnes 
H.,  Wid.,  of 
Langton  on 
Wolds 


liamR.,of  Hull 
Wilkinson,  Barbara,  Wid.... 

Weddell,  Ann,  of  Holy 
Trinity,King's 
Court,  York, 
Wid. 

Calvert,  Mary,  of  Holy 
Trinity,  Mic- 
klegate,  York 

Browne,  Ann,  of  Blackburn 

Lofthoupe,  Elizabeth,  of  Ot- 

ley 
Buck,  Ann,  of  Middleton. . . 

Linsley,  Ann,of  Holy  Trinity, 
HuU 

Walker,  Mary,  of  Sandall 
Magna 

Shaw,  Bridget,  dau'.  of 
Robert  S.,  of 
Healough 

Pollard,  Ann,  of  Normanton 

Soulby,  Ellen,  of  Kirk  Ham- 

merton 
Wilkinson,  Bridget   

Goodale,  Alice,  of  Birstall, 

Widow 
Cooke,  Alice,  dau'.  of  Brian 

Cooke 
Storey,    Ann,    of    Hutton 

Bushel 
Barton  (?  Burton)  {sic)j  Me- 

riol,    of    Ea- 

sington 
Kay,  Jennet,  of  Kirkburton 


Thompson,  Isabel,  dau'.  of 

William?    T., 

of  Killome 
Browne,  Janet,  of  Acaster  Buttercramb,    or 


St.  Crux.  York. 

Holy    Trinity, 

Hull. 
St.    Saviour's, 

York. 
Holy      Trmity, 

King's  Court, 

York. 

Holy       Trinity, 
Micklegate, 
York. 

Bradford. 

Addle,  or  Otley. 

Catton. 

Holy       Trinity, 
Hull 

Either  place. 

Newton-Kyme. 

Normanton. 

Either  place. 

St.  Helen's,  York. 

Birstall. 

Doncaster,         or 

Rossington. 
Hutton  Bushel. 

Easington. 

Elirkburton. 
Killome. 


Stillingfleet. 
All  Saint's  Pave- 
ment, York. 


Selby,  Wid. 

Atkinson,  Margery,  of  All 
Saint's  Pave- 
ment, York 

Aske,    Mary,    of    Heming- ,  Brayton,  or  Hem- 
borough  I      ingborough. 

Peckett,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of  Either  place. 
Margaret    P., 
Wid.,  of  Bui- 
mer 


"  Thou.  Wilkinson  married  Alice  Tottyo  (prohably  hor  maiden  name)  IS  Nov.  16G0. 
*''  See  Hunter's  Soutli  Yorkshire,  1.,  SH^ne*    Tins  match  is  now. 
"*  Took  place  81  July,  1600. 


174 


PAYEBS  MABBUaS  LICENSES. 


Dato. 
1599 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

«HaIl,  Thomas,  M.A.,  Vicar 

Mallory,  Ursula,   of    Rise, 

Rise. 

of  Humbleton 

Wid. 

1599 

Beniley,  George,  M.A.,  Rector 

Boyes,  Agnes,  dau'.  of  Wil- 

Either place. 

of  Crof  ton 

liam  B.,  dec**., 
of  Halifax 

1599 

Barnby,  Thomas,  of  Boynton 

Strickland,  Eleanor,  of  Win- 
tringham. 

Either  place. 

1599 

Smith,  Bryan,  of  Humbleton 

Lamb,     Alice,    of    Burton 
Pidsea 

Either  place. 

1599 

Barker,  William,  of  Tadcaster 

EmmersoD,    alias    Emson, 
Jane,  of  Tad- 
caster 

Tadcaster, 

1599 

Bradford,  Robert,  of  Hutton 

Fletcher,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Wil- 

Hutton PagDelL 

Pagnell 

liam    F.,    of 
Billome 

1599 

Hall,  WiUiam,  of  Mirfield 

Nettleton,  Elizabeth,  dau'. 
of  Edward  N., 
of  Thomhill 

ThomhilL 

1599 

^*  Hartley,  Hugh,  of  Colne  ... 

Smith,  Margaret,  *  dau'.  of 

Either  place. 

John    S.,    of 

, 

New  Church 

1599 

^Arrowsmith,     Thomaa,    of 

Place,  Mary,  of  Prov.  York 

Cleasby. 

Cleasby 

■ 

1599 

Dales,  John,  of  South  Dalton 

Hessleton,  Margaret,  of  St. 

St  Nicholas,  Be- 

Nicholas, Be- 

verley. 

Terlev 
Squire,     Ellen,     dau^     of 

1599 

«•  Wood,  William,  of  HaUfax 

Halifax. 

Thomas  S ,  of 

HaUfax 

1599 

Atkinson,  Richard,  son  of  Ro- 
bertA.jofAmcliff 

Scott,  Margaret,  of  Arncliff 

Arncliff. 

1599 

Plummer,  John,  of  York 

EUerker,    Isabel,    dau^    of 
Anthony    E., 
ofYolton,Par. 
Alne 

Alne. 

1599 

Harrison,  Thomaa 

Harrison,  Margaret,  of  Baw- 
dryffe,      Par, 

Slaidbum. 

^^■^^  "  ■  ^"    ^»    ^^~^    ^^    ^^^ «           ^^B     ^H»  ^^  ^BV^B  V^^^IV          VVV      •••      •••■••      ™^ 

Slaidbum 

1599 

Humble.  John    

Hunter.     Jane,     of     Aid- 

Aldborough. 
Rotherham. 

1599 

Elwes,  Robert,  of  Wodworth 

borough 
Overall,Elizabeth,of  Rother- 

ham 

1599 

Hartley,  Roger,  of  Warley 

Holdsworth,  Jennet,  of  Hep- 

tonstall 
Hartfof th,  Elizabeth,  of  All 

Heptonstall. 

1599 

Pennington,  John,   of  Whit- 

f 

well,  Gent. 

Saint's    Pave- 
ment, York 

1599 

Pairbank,  George,  of  Sowerby 

Bentley,  Susan,  of  Halifax 

Sowerby. 

1599 

Rool  iff,  Robert  

Rocliff.  aZ/a*Skelton,  Doro- 

DraT. 

thy,  of  Drax, 

Wid. 

1599 

Lofthouse,  William   

Percy,   Frances,   of  Scray- 
ingham,  Wid. 

Scrayingham. 

1599 

Biokerton,  Robert 

Godfrey,  Rosamund,  dau'.  of 
John    G. ,    of 

Spofforth. 

Spofforth 

*  Took  place  4  December,  1599. 

41  A  Faculty  Licenoe.    Colne  and  New  Church  (Qu.  in  Fendle  ?)  were  both  in  the  Diocese  of 
Chester. 
**  A  Faculty  Lioenco.  Cle^by  was  in  tiie  Diocese  of  Chester. 
^  Took  place  10  Dec.  Id9u  (J.  L.). 


PAYERS  MARBIAGB   LICENSES. 


175 


Date. 


1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 


1599 
1599 


Name  and  detcriptioxi. 


^^Gascoigne^  Thomas,  Gent.... 


Ellis,  James,  Bon  of  Thomas 
Kirkby,  Thomas,  of  Hotham 


Chaloner,  John,   of   Marton, 

Par.  Sinnington 

Coetock,  Francis,  of  Ormesby 

Wilson,  Simon  

Beswick,  Thomas  ..^ 

Marshall,  Thomas 

Huntingdon,  Henry 

Moore,  Robert  

Johnson,  Hugh 

Barnes,  William,    of    Bolton 

Percy 
Johnson,  Michael 


Name  and  description. 


Pape,  Thomas,  of  Old  Malton 


Ingledew,  Gregory,  of  Hilton, 
Par.  Hutton 
Rudby 

1599  **Saville,  Henry,   of  Copley, 

Gent. 

1599   Lincoln,     Robert,     of      Gis- 

borough 

1599   «Braddell,  Gilbert,  of  Brock- 

age,Par.Whalley 

1599  *«Colman,  William,  of  Fish- 
lake 

1599  Beseley,  Francis,  of  Royston 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


1599 


Bowes,  Christopher,  of  EUer- 
beck,  Par.  Os- 
motherley 


Cartwright,  Jane,  dau*^.  of 
William  C, 
Gent. 

Brogden,  Alice,  dau'.  of  Wil- 
liam B.,  of 
Bamoldswick 

Millington,  alias  Thomlin- 
son,  Isabel,  of 
Holme  •  on  • 
Spalding,  Wid. 

Gill,  Mary,  of  Kirkdale 

Bayles,  Elizabeth,  of  Marton 

Barstow,  Dorothy,  dau'.  of 
John  B.,  of 
Halifax 

Alton  ?  (sic),  Catherine,  of 
Coxwold 

Worthy,  Margaret,  of  But- 
terwick 

Smithson,  Ann,  of  Ackworth 

Baddell,  Elizabeth,  of  Caw- 
ton,  Par.  Gil- 
ling 

Wilkinson,  Agnes,  of  Warter, 
Wid. 

Bridford,  Catherine,  of 
Methley 

Robinson,  Cicely,  dau'.  of 
Richard  R.,  of 
Newton  Mor- 
ker.  Par.  Pa- 
trick, Bromp- 
ton 

Penrose,  Isabel,  of  Old 
Malton 

Bulmer,  Agnes,  of  Ellerbeck, 
Par.  Os- 

motherley 

Darcy,  Ann,  of  Melton 

Saltmarshe,  Margaret,  of 
Thorganby 

Barber,  Mabel,  of  Wad- 
dington 

Margrare,  Alice,  of  Thurne 

Mallett,  Ann,  of  Normanton 

Hall,  Eleanor,  dau**.  of 
Charles  H., 
Gent.,  of  Ay- 
ton 


St.      Michael-le- 
Belfrey,  York. 

Bamoldswick. 


Either  place. 

Kirkdale. 

Marton. 

Halifax. 

Either  place. 

Foxholes,  or  But- 

terwick. 
Ackworth. 

Gilling. 

Warter. 

Methley. 

Patrick,    Bromp- 
ton. 


Old  Malton. 
Either  place. 

Melton. 

Thorganby. 

Waddington. 

Either  place. 

Normanton. 

Osmotherley,    or 
Ayton. 


«  Read  Henry  Oaacoigno  (Foster's  ViritationB,  p.  620);  baptized  T^ovember,  1686  (Robert's  Lof t- 
larrfed 


house,  ii.,  p.  223);  married  6  January,  1599-1600,  at  St.  Michael-le-Belfrey  v  buried  at  Rothwell  26 
Sentember,  1645.  _       \*  See  Dugdale's  Viaitation^p.  310.    He  had  twelve  children. 

Ralph  Anhton  of  Lever  (see  Whitaker's  WhaUey.  1S06,  p.  21»>. 
*  Took  pkoe  at  Thome,  27  January,  1599-1600. 


A  Faculty  Licence.    Probably  the  youngest  son  of  Edward  Broddyl,  by  Ann  daughter  of 

Wl 


176 


PAVERS  MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


Date. 


1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 


Name  and  description. 


Uarwoody  James,  of  Old  Malton 

Bainbrigg,  John,  of  Billing* 
ham 

Lawson,  John,  of  Oimsby 

Harrison,  William  ?   

Stansell,  James,  of  Stansell, 
Par.  Hartshead 

Fawcett,  Marmaduke,  of  St. 

Crux,  York 
Welsh,  Thomas,  of  Holme  on 

Spalding 
Ibbotson,  John,  of  Leeds 

^^Ramsden,  WiUiam,  of  Hud- 
dersfield,  Esq. 

Tomline,  Roger,  of  Over  Hel- 
mesley 

Rayner,  William,  of  Wistow 

Staincliffe,  Abraham 

47»  King,  John,  of  Halifax 

Johnson,  John,  of  St.  Michael's, 
Spurriergate, 
York 

Blakey,  Lionel,  of  Colne  

Speck,  Richard,  of  Wheldrake 

Hall,  Henry   

W^elles,  Robert,  of  Rudston 

Metcalf,  Augustin,  of  Cover- 
hamside 

EUerker,  Robert,  of  Bran  ting- 
ham 

Hall,  Thomas,  of  Rotherham 


Bradford,  Robert 


Easterby,     Robert,     of     St. 
Olave's,  York 

Marshall,    Leonard,   of    Tad- 
caster 
*^^  Whittaker,  Abraham 


Name  and  description. 


Farley,  Thomasin,  daii*^.  of 

Reginald  F.,of 

FUey 
Farley,  Dorothy,   dau'.    of 

Reginald     F., 

above 
Moore,   Margaret,   of  Mid- 

dlesbro' 
Tyndall,  Elissabeth,  of  Hull, 

Wid. 
Allott,   Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

John    A.,    of 

Emley 
Buckle,  Isabel,  of  Stillington 

Patchett,  Dorothy,  of  Holme 
on  Spalding 

Stockdale,  Margaret,  of  Holy 
Trinity,  York 

Batt,  Mary,  of  Birstall,  Wid. 

Shaw,  Alice,  of  Gate  Hel- 

mesley 
Doughty,  Mary,  of  Stilling- 

fleet,  Wid. 
Page,   Agnes,    of    Halifax, 

Wid. 
Watson,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

Anthony  W., 

ofGiggleswick 
Bate,  Ann,  of  Hull,  Wid.... 


Smith,  Ellen,  of  Reygill, 
Par.  Carlton 
in  Craven. 

Dennis,  Isabel,  of  Catton, 
Wid. 

Swaby,  Mary,  of  St.  John's, 
Beverley,  Wid. 

Page,  Elizabeth,  of  Eccles- 
field 

Dinsdale,  Mabel,  of  Gale, 
Par.  Askrigg 

Woodmansey,  Bridget,  of 
Welton,  Wid. 

Hobson,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 
Thomas  H.,  of 
Sheffield 

Stokes,  Dorothy,  of  Tickhill 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Filey. 
FUey. 

Middlesbro'. 

Holy       Trinity, 

HuU. 
Hartshead,       or 

Emley. 

Stillington. 

Holme  on  Spald- 
ing. 

Holy  Trinity, 
York. 

Either  place. 

Either  place. 
Either  place. 
Halifax. 
Either  place. 

St.        Michael's, 
Spurriergate, 
York. 

Colne,  or  Carlton 
in  Craven. 

Catton. 

St.  John's,  Bever- 
ley. 
Ecclesfield. 

Askrigg. 

Either  place. 

Sheffield. 

Tickhill. 


Blenkome,  Alice,  of  HoJy  Holy       Trinity, 

Trinity,  Good-  Ooodramgate, 

ramgate,York  York. 

Hopkinson,  Isabel,  of  Wake-  Tadcaster. 
field 

Oldfield,  Ellen,  of  Warley,  Halifax. 
Par.  Halifax 


*'  Widow  of  Henry  Bntte,  and  second  wife  to  WillLim  Rarasden.    Joseph  Foster  says  she  Wiis 
buried  at  Almondbury  23  December,  1623,  the  marriage  did  not  tike  place  at  Birstall. 
♦7*  Took  place  at  Halifax  9  Feb.  1690-1  COO  (J.  L.).         *^  Took  place  16  Feb.  1609-1600  (J.  L.> 


PAYEBS  MAKBIAGE  LICENSES. 


177 


Date. 


1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 
1599 

1599 
1599 

1599 

1599 

1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 


Name  and  description. 


Wighill,  James,  of  Osmother- 

ley 
Taylor,  Guy,  of  Eoclifie,  Par. 

Snaith 
Norris,  Richard,  of  St.  John's, 

Beverley 
Deane,  Jo&eph,  of  Illiagworth, 

Par.  Halifax 

HarrisoD,     Robert,     son     of 

Christopher  H. 
Snow,  William  


Name  and  description. 


Wood,  Richard,  of  Speeton... 

Barghe,     Thomas,     of    Scul- 

coates 
Taylor,  Gregory,  of  Patrington 

Clough,  Michael,  son  of  Ralph 

C.,ofWhitkirk 

^"  Radcliffe,  Richard,  Gent.  . . . 


Aubrey,  William 


Atkinson,  Thomas 


*9Wray,  Christopher,  of  Cus- 

worth,         Par. 

Sprotborough, 

Esq. 
«>  Phillips,  William,  of    Lin- 

coin's  Inn,  Esq. 

Fleming,  Thomas,  of  Selby 


Wylde,  Anthony,  of  Coxwold 

^*Beaumont,  Christopher,    of 
Catton,  Gent. 


Waller,  John 


Jackson,  William,  of  Kirkby 
Londsdale 

Squire,  John,  of  Sutton  in 
Holdemess 

Lister,  Richard,  M.A.   


Bulmer,  Ann,  of  Osmother- 

ley 
Nelson,  Margaret,  of  Drax, 

Wid. 
Wyles,  A);^es,of  Cottingham 

Greenwood,  Susan,  of  Illing- 

worth.      Par. 

Halifax 
Johnson,  Elizabeth,  dau^  of 

John  J.,of  Hull 
Walker,     Chn'stabella,     of 

Kirby  Misper- 

ton 
Newstead,  Susan,  of  Low- 

thorpe,  Wid. 
Plummer,    Mary,     of    All 

Saint's,  York 
Spyce,  Catherine,  of  Otter- 

ingham 
Pitt,  Isabel,  dau'.of  William  ? 

P. ,  of  Felkirk 
Hardy,  Ann,  of  Mancestrie, 

Prov.  York 
Wainwright,    Dorothy,    of 

Cawthorne, 

Wid. 
Hillary,  Dorothy,   of  East 

Witton 
Beaumont,  Margaret,  of  Al 

mondbury 


Rye,  Mary,  dau'.  of  Edward 
R.,  Esq.,  of 
Aston 

Walker,  Margaret,  of  Holy 
Trinity,Good- 
ramgate,  York 

Yorke,  Margaret,  of  Cox- 
wold 

Dye  ?  Dyneley,  Elizabeth, 
of  Bramhope, 
Par.  Otley 

Barden,  Agnes,  of  Wallesby 

Slater,  Mary,  of  Keighley... 

Duncome,  Elizabeth,  of 
Homsey 

Binns,  Alice,  of  Horbury, 
Wid. 


Where  to  be 
Harried. 


Osmotherley. 

Either  place. 

Either  place. 

lUingworth,  Par. 
Halifax. 

Holy  Trinity,  or 

St.  Mary's,  Hull 

Kirby  Misperton. 

Either  place. 

Sculcoates. 

Otteringham. 

Felkirk. 

Mancestrie. 

Cawthorne. 

East  Witton. 
Almondbury. 

Aston. 


Holy       Trinity, 
Goodramgate, 
York. 

Coxwold. 

Catton  or  Otley. 


Wallesby        [co. 

Notts.] 
Keighley. 

Sutton  in  Holder- 

ness. 
Horbury. 


*•  A  Faculty  Licence. 

*  Hunter's  South  Yorkshire,  i.,  349,  »ays  this  marriage  took  place  5  April,  1600.  His  fp^nd- 
father  was  not  William,  but  Thomas  Wniy,  of  St.  Nicholas  near  Richmond.  His  grandmother 
was  Joan  daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert  Jackson  of  Bodale,  who  made  her  will  12  November,  1M2. 
Sir  Cluistopher  Wray,  kniprht,  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  England,  was  not  "the  nestling,"  as  Canon 
Raine  styles  him  (Richmondshire  Wills,  Surtees  Society,  p.  160),  but  the  eldest  son. 

*>  See  the  note  on  p.  893  of  vol.  ix. 

»i  Edward,  son  of  Mr.  Christopher  Beaumont,  baptized  3  Febniary,  1000-1.  buried  16  April, 
1601.  Another  son,  Edward,  baptized  17  January,  1612-3.  Mr.  Christopher  Beaumont,  buried 
16  April,  1G13  (Catton  Register). 


178 


PAVBU'S  MARRIAGE  LICENSES. 


Date. 


Name  and  description. 


1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 


Name  and  descriptiosL 


5i»  Binns,  Edward,  son  of  John 
B.,  of  Norwood 

"Parkina,  William,  of  Fish- 
lake,  Qept. 

Addy,  John,  of  East  Retford 

^  Adams,  Philip  of  Owston... 

Midhope,  Roger,  of  Skipton... 

Scaife,  Thomas,    of    Hamps- 

thwaite 
Waes,  James,  of  Kirby  Koowle 

Oliver,  Mathew,  of  Scraying- 
ham 

Sheppard,  Richard,  of  St. 
Mary  Magdalen, 
RipoD,  Clerk 

Ogden,  James,  of  Sprotboro' 

Sharp,  Isaac,  Rector  of  Thorpe, 
near  Newark 

Watson,  Gilbert,  of  Giggles- 
wick 

Ransley,  Richard,  of  Wake- 
field 

Richardson,  Richard 

Jackson,  Robert,  of  Wakefield, 

mercer 
KUlinghall,  WilUam  of  Mid- 

dleton  St.  George 
Wyke,  John,  Eccup  

Pennatt,  Peter,  alias  Pears,  of 
Kimsforth,  co. 
Essex,  Esq. 

"  Nettleton,  Thomas,  of  Thorn- 
hill 

Watson,  John    


Chaytor,  Ralph,  of  Langton... 

Quarrington,  John 

Hepworth,  Edward,  of  Honley 

Coates,  John,  of  Amotherby 
Nelson,  Robert,  of  Brotherton 


Pollard,  Ann,  of  Wakefield 

Harrison,  Dorothy,  of  How- 
den 

Hawkaworth,  Janet,  of  High 
Hoyland 

Bosyille,  Gertrude,  of 
Warmsworth 

Warcop,  Mary,  of  Bolton... 

Homer,  Jennet,  of  Hamps- 

thwaite,  Wid. 

Todd,  Jane,  of  Boltby 

Richardson,  Alice,  of  St 
Dennis,  York, 
Wid. 

Simpson,  Francis,  of  St. 
Mary  Magda- 
len, Ripon, 
Wid. 

Bramley,  Mary,  of  Sprot- 
boro', Wid. 

Plumtree,  Catherine,  of 
Cromwell 

King,  Esther,  of  Luding- 
den 

Parkhurst,  Mary,  of  Ack- 
worth 

Hewson,  Mary,  of  Feliskirk 

Bateman,  Mary,  of  Leeds 
Moore,  Susan,  of  York 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Lumby,  Jane,  of  Calverly, 
Wid. 

Baxter,  Jane,dau'.of  William 
B.,  of  Tickhill 
Castle,  Gent. 

Bailey,  Mary,   of  Thomhill 

Scholefield,     Catherine,    of 
Sandall 
Magna   • 

Jenklnson,  Frances,  of 
Ripon 

Taylor,  Elizabeth,  of  How- 
den 

Harrison,  Mary,  dau'.  of 
MathewH.,of 
Rothwell 

France,  Ann,  of  Amotherby, 
Wid. 

Hopton,  Jane,  of  Sprotboro' 


Either  plaibe. 
High  Hoyland. 
Warmflworth. 
Either  place. 
Hampsth¥raite. 
Either  place. 
Either  place. 


St.  Mary  Magda- 
len, Ripon. 


Sprotboro*. 

Crom  well[  Notts.  ] 

Ludingden        or 

Halifax. 
Ackworth. 

Feliskirk. 

Wakefield. 

St.  Michael's-le- 
Belfrey,  York. 

Addle,  or  Calver- 
ley 

Tickhill. 

ThornhilL 

Sandall  Magna,  or 
Chapelthorpe, 
Par.  Sandall 
Magna. 

Ripon. 

Howden. 
Rothwell. 

Amotherby. 
Either  place. 


»:•  Took  place  21  April,  1600  (J.  L.). 

><   Entered  in  the  Rofiristcr  of  Fishlake,  as  having  taken  place  22  April,  IGOO,  in  the  church  of 
Blacktoft,  a  chapel  to  Howden. 
»  See  Hunter's  South  Yorkshire,  i.,  478;  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  485. 
**  See  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  667. 


PAVERS  MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


179 


1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 


Name  and  description. 

Homer,  Thomas 

Bramman,  Johiiy  of  Wetherby 

Cowper,  John,  of  Leeds,  Qent. 

Pocklington,  William   

Hutchinson,  Robert,  of  Skel- 

ton 
Clarke,  Robert  

**  Palmes,  George,  Gent 

Storr,  John,  of  Swine   

Hare,  Arthur,  of  Heselwood 

Mattison,      Marmaduke,      of 

Ripon 
Pulleyne,  George,  of  Ripon... 

Standlsh,  William,  of  Kewark- 
on- Trent,  draper 

*•  Stanhope,  Walter,  of  Hors- 
forth 

Dowson,  Ralph,  of  Glazedale, 
Par.  Danby 

Ward,  Robert,  of    Rounkton 

Gk)ulton,  Richard,  of  Cozwold 
*7Reder,  Peter,  of  Thume  ... 

Prest,  John 

Thompson,  William 


Appleton,  Henry,  servant  to 
Mathew,  Archbp. 
of  York 

^  Marshall,  John,  of  Easington, 
Gent.,  son  of 
Bryan  M.,Gent. 


Name  and  description. 


Poole,  Richard 


Smales,  John,  of  Thomton-in- 
Pickering 


Dale,  Lucy,  of  Sheffield   ... 

Hill,  Margaret,  of  Wetherby 

lies,    Alice,   of    Middleton 

Tyas 
Cooke,  Ann,  of  Howden  ... 

Pinkney,  Margaret,  of  Lever- 
ton,  Wid. 

Rawson,  Frances,  of  Bever- 
ley, Wid. 

Jackson,  Judith,  of  St.Cuth- 
bert*8,  York, 
Wid. 

Welles,  Elizabeth,  of  Seamer 

Hazworth  t  {sic),  Grace,  of 
Sherbum 

Marshall,  Catherine,  of 
Ripon 

Battle,  Alice,  dau',  of  Wil- 
liam B.,  of 
Knaresborough 

Laycock,  Jane,  of  Sherbum 
in  Elmet 

Hanson,  Mary,  of  Elland  ... 

Potter,  Dorothy,  of  Rose- 
dale,  Wid. 

Gale,  Elizabeth,  of  Hutton 
Rudby 

Thornton,  Barbara,  of  Elil- 
burn,  Wid. 

Knapton,  Ellen,  of  Thume 

Hargett,  Ann,  of  Ottring- 
ton 

Braithwaite,  Mary,  dau^  of 
William  B., 
Rector  of  Nun- 
bumholme 

Wrightington,  Alice,  of 
Skipsea 

Babington,  alms  Conyers, 
Margaret,  dau'. 
of  Ann  B.,  of 
Sedgfield 

Mma  ?  (sic),  Elizabeth,  of 
Wakefield 

Dobson,  Jane,  of  Wetot  Hes- 
lerton 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Sheffield. 
Spoflbrth. 
Either  place. 
Howden. 
Blither  place. 

St.  John's, 
Beverley. 

St.  Cuthberfs, 
York. 

Seamer. 

Heselwood. 

Ripon. 


Sherbum  in 

Elmet. 
Elland. 

Danby. 

East  Rounkton. 

Either  place. 

Thume  [Thome.] 

Ottrington. 

Kunbumholme 
or  South  Dal- 
ton. 

Skipsea. 

Either  place. 

Wakefield. 
Either  place. 


»»  Took  place  20  May,  1000. 

»«  Mr.  8amuel  Margerison  says  Mary  Hanson  was  buried  at  Guiseley  8  April,  ICIS,  and  her 
husband  17  November,  1660.  They  had  four  sons  and  four  daughters,  Margaret,  Jane,  Baruh,  and 
Dorothy. 

»7  A  family  numerous  at  Thome  and  Hatfield.  Richard  Rider  was  buried  17  September,  1570 ; 
Richard  Reder,  23  May,  1588 ;  George,  son  of  George  Redcr,  was  baptised  24  Augnist,  1566,  at 
Thome,  whore  Edward  Shillito  married,  24  October,  1620,  Mary  Reeder,  whu  might  bo  daughter 
of  this  couple. 

*<  A  Faculty  Licence,  both  places  being  in  co.  Pal.  Durham. 


180 


PAVERS  UABRIAQE  LICENSES. 


Date. 
1600 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Whereto  be 
Married. 

Richardson,  Edward 

Ibbotson,  Alice,  of  Thorpe, 
Par.  Bumsall 

BumsalL 

1600 

Greenwood,  Kobei-t  

Warriner,  Agnes,  of  Wake- 
field 

Wakefield. 

1600 

Bright,  John,  of  Sheffield 

Bright,  Grace,  of  Dronfield, 
CO.  Derby 

Sheffield. 

1600 

Barber,    Francis,  of    Norton 

Page,    Margaret,    dau**.    of 

Bradfield,  or  £c- 

Cuckney 

Margaret    P., 
Wid.,  of  Brad- 
field 

clesfield. 

1600 

*^  Redman,  Mathew 

Gravener,  Manraret  

Fulford, 

1600 

***  Widdop,  Paul   

Midgley,  Mary,  of  Midgley, 
Par.  Halifax 

Halifax. 

^"  "^  ^^^  ^^  W     M         ^^*     ^^*  ^^m^m              vvvwvv    ■•v    •••    vvv 

1600 

Dale,  William,  of  Wharram- 

Alderson,    Ellen,    of   Ack- 

Acklam. 

le-Street 

lam 

1600 

Wilbie,  John 

Wilbie,  Mare:arefc,    of  Bat- 

Batley. 

1600 

Grundall,  Richard 

ley 
Pillie,  Elizabeth,  of  Lasting- 
ham 

Lastingham. 

1600 

Bromfield,    Geoffrey,    of    St. 

Moore,  Edith,  of  St.  Mic- 

St.   Michael -le- 

Michael -le-Bel- 

hael- le-Bel- 

Belf rey,  York. 

frey,  York 

f  rey,  York 

1600 

Thompson,  Robert,    of  Mid- 

Hobson,  Catherine,  dau^  of 

Middleton-on- 

dleton-on-Wolds 

James  H.,  of 
Nunkeeling 

Wolds. 

1600 

Pickering,     Roger,     son     of 
Richard    P.,    of 
Ackworth 

Midgley,  Grace,  of  Addle 

Addle. 

1600 

^  Laycock,  Walter,  of  Leeds 

Pollard,  Alice,  dau^  of  Wil- 
liam     P. ,    of 
Tong 

Hudson,  Jennet,  of  Gillkirk 

Either  place. 

1600 

"Eamondson,  Alan,of  Gillkirk 

Gillkirk. 

1600 

Thompson,   Robert,    of    Cat- 

Creyke,  Sarah,  of  Catton  ... 

Topcliffe  or  Cat- 

ton,  Par.    Top- 

ton. 

cliffe 

1600 

North,  John,  son  of  John  N., 

Hutchinson,  Alice,  dau^  of 

Either  place. 

of       Barton-le- 

Roger  H.,  of 

Street 

Coxwold 

1600 

Cheriam,  Thomas,  of  Wilber- 

Sutton,  Elizabeth,  of  Wil- 

Wilberfoss. 

foss 

berfoss,  Wid. 

1600 

Margison,  Thomas,  of  Bubwith 

Nodell,  Elizabeth,  dau^  of 
Richard  N.,  of 
Harswell 

Either  place. 

1600 

Firkbank,  Ralph,  of  Monkton, 

Theakston,  Mary,  of  Monk- 

Ripon. 

Par.  Ripon 

ton,Par.Ripon 

1600 

G  reave,  William,   of  Rawden, 

Spence,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

Topcliffe. 

Par.  Guieeley 

John    S.,     of 
Topcliffe 

1600 

Proude,  Richard,  of  Terring- 

Tyndale,  Margaret,  of  North 

Either  place. 

ton 

Grimston 

1600 

Sherlock,  Thomas,   of  Usfleet 

Cayme,      Ann,     dau'.     of 

St.  Mary's, 

Stephen  C,  of 

Beverley. 

Beverley 

s8  JTatthew  Redman,  aged  six  1584  (Foster's  Visitations,  p.  99),  married  Mary,  daughter  and 
heir  of  William  Grosvenor  of  York,  and  was  knighted  at  Windsor  9  July,  1603.  The  register  of 
Fulford  begins  only  in  1653,  but  that  Sir  Matthew  was  buried  in  that  church  25  January,  1619-20, 
we  are  informed  by  the  register  of  St.  Mary,  Castlegate,  York. 

»•»  Took  place  25  June,  1603  (J.  L.). 

^  This  licence  fills  up  a  gap  on  p.  158  of  Dugdale's  Visitation,  1GC5.    Ed.  Surtees  Society. 

6^  Alias  Bamuldswick,  in  the  parish  of  AmcUfle. 


PAYBBS  HABBIAOE  LICENSES. 


181 


Date. 


1600 

1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 


Name  and  desoription. 

02  Chamberlain,  William,  of 
Middleton 

Hiok,  Thomag,  of  Hovingham 

o  WiUiam,  Robert,  of  Wreasle 

Gargrave,  Mathew,  Qent.,  of 

Wragby 
Smith,  Richard,  of  Cawood  .. 

^Chapman,    JoIid,    of    Holy 

Trinity,  Hull 
Edward,  John  F  of  Hinderwell 

Rawson,  John,  of  Atwick 

Hardwick,  Thomai,  of  Whit- 
kirk 
Symondson,  Robert  

Hoppey,  Mark,  of  Guiseley  ... 

w*Soott,  John   

Beeorof t,  Richard,  of  Sickling- 
hall,Par.Kirkby 
Overblowg 

Ingle,  George,  of  Normanton 

Best^  William ,  of  Kilbum 

Thompson,  James  of  Ripon.. 

Allanby,  James,  of  Kirk  Lev- 

ington 
Thompson,  Henry 

Stafford,    Richard,     of    Kirk- 

heaton 
Goodyeare,  Edward 

Foster,  Francis 

Pilkington,  Robert    

Chapman,  Henry,  of  Driffield 


Name  and  description. 


Etherington,  Margaret,  dau^ 
of  Ann  E.,  of 
Cram  burn 

Edwards?  Ann,  dau'.  of 
Henry  E.,  of 
Widyngton 

Calverley,  Catherine,  of 
Otley,  Wid. 

Brough,  Frances,  VVid 

Midgley,  Agnes,  of  Addle, 
Wid. 

Hogg,  Isabel,  of  Bishop  Bur- 
ton, Wid. 

Raysing,  Barbara,  of  Hinder- 
well 

Clark,  Maud,  of  Humbleton 

Lobley,    Mary,    of  Bolton 

Percy 
Lickass,  Margaret,  of  Thirk- 

leby 
Cowper,  Judith,  of  Leeds... 

Wood,  Mary,dau'.  of  Chris- 
topher W.  of 
Birstall 

Pearson,  Janet,  of  Spofforth 


Parkhurst,  Jane,  of  Wake- 
field 
Homer,  Grace,  of  Helmsley 

Wood,  Ann,  of  Kirkby  Mal- 

zeard,  Wid. 
Bell,  Ann,  of   Kirk    Lev- 

ington 
Graven  Hsic),    Hester,    of 

Cottingham 
England,      Elizabeth,       of 

Wakefield 
Fairfax,  Mary,    of    Sherifi* 

Hutton 
Wood,  Isabel,  of  Atwick 


Naylor,  Jane. 


Langdale,  Ann,  dau^  of 
Roger  L.,  of 
Ebberston 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Either  place. 

Either  place. 

Either  place. 

Wragby. 

Addle. 

Either  Place. 

Hinderwell. 

Atwick. 

Either  place. 

Thu-kleby. 

Leeds. 

Birstall. 

Spofiforth. 

Normanton. 

Helmsley. 

Either  place. 

Kirk  Levington. 

Cottingham. 

Either  place. 

Sherifi'Hutton. 

Atwick. 

Kirkheaton       or 

Hartshead. 
Either  place. 


«•  William  Chamberlane  aurt  I$abel  Etherington  married  16  July,  1600,  at  Mlddleton-in-Picker- 
foR  Lithe,  by  Licence,  says  the  registar  of  St.  Michael's,  Malton. 

«  This  appears  to  be  the  same  widow  named  on  p.  87,  as  having  a  licence  to  marry  one  Edward 
Fairfax.  Perhaps  she  procured  one  whenever  she  felt  inclined  to  take  a  second  husband;  but 
neither  of  her  proposals  seems  to  have  answered,  which — as  she  had  eight  sons  and  seven 
daughfem— is  not  matter  for  surprise.  One  Robert  Witham  of  the  house  of  Lcdston,  was  second 
oousin  to  William  Calverley.  husband  of  Catherine  Thomholmo.  But  thcro  was  a  Robert  Witham 
of  the  house  of  Cliffe,  then  living,  whoso  nephew,  Robert  Witham,  was  living  in  1612,  agod  about 
thirty— (Foetor's  Visitations,  pp.  'J60,  201).  ^ 

•*  Took  placo  at  Bishop  Burton  7  August,  IGOO.    Was  she  widow  of  Richard  Hogge  of  Marfleet 
and  daughter  of  William  Thorpe  of  Thorpe  Garth?  (see  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  53). 

M>  Took  place  20  December,  1600  (J.  K.) 


182 


PAYER  S  KABBIAGE  LICENSBS. 


Date. 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Whereto  be 
Married. 

1600 

Thaokray,   Francis,   of     Ear- 

Parker,  Elizabeth,  of  Rigton, 

Harwood. 

wood 

Par.     Kirkby 

Overblows 

1600 

Foster,  FranoU 

Wildman,  Jane,  of  Giggles- 
wick 
Walsh,  Elizabeth,  of  Har- 

Giggles  wick. 

1600 

Harrison,  George,  of  Leeds  ... 

Harwood. 

wood 

1600 

Miles,  Bryan,  of  East  Harlsey 

Smith,  Frances,  of  Byrkbye, 

Wid. 
Smith,   Mary,     of    Bishop 

East  Harlsey. 

1600 

Houseman,     John,     of     St 

Bishop  Wilton.     ' 

MiohaeMe-Bel- 

WUton 

f rey,  York 

1600 

Gervas,  Jolrn,  of  Sculooates  . 

GosL'ng,  Susan,  of  Hull,  Wid 

Sculooates. 

1600 

Wramdg?  (sic),   Wrangham  ? 
Francis,  of  Hin- 
derskelf 

Gilbank,Margaret,of  Bulmer 

Hinderakelf. 

1600 

Amall,  Jolrn,  of  Wakefield  ... 

Rishworth,  Elizabeth,  now 
or  late  of  San- 
dall 

Either  plaoe. 

1609 

"  Hunter,  Richard,  of  Thom- 

Spacy,  Ellen,  dau'.  of  Wil- 

Kilnwick. 

ton-in-Pickering 

liam     S.,    of 
Kilnwiok,near 
Watton 

1600 

Boose,  Qeoflfrey 

Cottin^ham,   Jane,    of   St. 

St.   Mary*8,    Be- 

Mary's, Bever- 
ley 
Whitwood,   Mary,  of  Bro- 

verley. 

1600 

Wyrrall,  John,  of  Pontefract 

Either  plaoe. 

thertou 

1600 

MflRkew,  Joseph,  of  York 

Hartforth,  Joan,  of  Marfleet 

Marfleet. 

1600 

Morritt.  Edward  

Scholey,  Prudence,  of  Pon- 
tefract, Wid. 

Pontefract. 

«■&  \/  a  *  *  w  va     ^-^^m  ¥  »  ««•  ^«       •••••••■••••••■ 

1600 

Phillips,   Leonard,    of    Hull, 

Smithie,  Jane,  of  St.  Mary's, 

St.  Mary's,   Cas- 

Merchant 

Castlegate, 
York 

tlegate,  York. 

1600 
1600 

Carr  Rowland   

Lowde.  Alice  of  Giabiim 

DibViIII*!! 

Rawson,    John,     of     Burgh- 

Viocars,   alias    Cartwright, 

Badsworth. 

wallia 

Alice,  of  Bads- 
worth 

1600 

Lawkland.  Thomas   

Ellis,  Margaret,  of  Stocks? 
(sic),         Par. 

Bracewell, 

t   ""  T*  •Ifc*******  •        ^   m^^^mm^^^mm           ■«•    >*«•■•   f** 

Bracewell 

1600 

Wude,  William,    of    Knares- 

Greathead,  Alice,  of  St.  Mi- 

St.  Michael's, 

boro* 

chael's,  Spur- 

Spurriergate, 

riergate,  York 

York. 

1600 

Wright,  Thomas,  of  St.  Samp- 

Iley, Margaret,  of  St.  Crux, 

St.  Sampson's, 

son's,  York 

York 

York. 

1600 

Lacy,  Roger,  of  Brompton  ... 

Skelton,  Ellisia,  of  Thom- 

Brompton    or 

ton-on-the-Hill, 

Coxwold. 

Par.  Coxwold 

1000 

Cobb,  Thomas,  of  Cottam    ... 

ThWwall,  Mary 

South    Leverton 

or  East  Mark- 

ham  [Co.  Notts]. 

1600 

Maire,  Roger,  of  Sigglesthome 

Humpton,  Mary,  of  Catwiok 

Either  place. 

1600 

Watterson,    Richard,  son   of 

Hopton,  Jane,  dau**.  of  John 

Felkirk. 

Nicholas  W.,of                         H..  Gent.,  of 

Leeds                                           Felkirk 

tf  ToQl;  placQ  SS  September,  1600. 


payer's  MABItlAGE   LICEKSES. 


183 


Date. 
1600 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

Barlow,  Thomas,  of  Blyth   ... 
Morrisi  Martin,  of  Leeds 

Shaw.  Ann,  of  Blyth 

Blyth  [Co.Notts]. 
Barwick-in- 

1600 

Buggin,  Jane,  of  Barwick-in- 

Elmet 

Elmet. 

1600 

Briflrhtman'i  Thomas 

Sheppard,  Elizabeth,  of  Ro- 
cliffe,  Wid. 

Rocliffe. 

^^^^^^  ^p^p»  ^^^  ^r^^^m^m^'^^^^^  m         ^^    ^^^  ^^  ^^^^^^r^^^r       vvv    vvv    www    www 

1600 

Walker,    Thomas,    of    York, 

Munser,       Elizabeth,       of 

Whoreleton. 

mercer 

Whorleton 

1600 

Nesfield,  William,  of  Snain- 

Cooke,  Jane,  of  Gromonde, 

Egton. 

ton,Par.Brompton 

Par.  Egton 

1600 

Mayer.  Greeory 

Footman,  Martha, of  Hull... 

Holy  Trinity, 
Hull. 

^■■■^J  ^^^  f      ^^  •  ^^Q^^"  ^     •■•••••••••••••#•• 

1600 

Brook.  Thomas 

Saville.Elizabeth.of  Swinton 

Wath. 

^■^^^v   ^^^  ^^  ^^^  V         ^^^    ^^^  ^^  w^P^v^^^^w         VVV    VV0    Vww    VVV    VVv    vVv 

Par.  Wath 

"  •   wv*** 

1600 

Cowling,  Christopher,  of  Holy 

Geldart,    Jane,     dau^     of 

Holy  Trinity, 

Trinity,    King's 

Lancelot  G.,  of 

King's  Court, 

Court,  York 

Holy  Trinity, 
King's  Court, 
York 

York. 

1600 

Hird,   Robert,  son  of  Alex- 

Hudson,   Alice,    dau^.     of 

Bamoldswick. 

ander     H.,     of 

WUliam  H.,  of 

Downham,Pro7. 

Baruoldswick 

York 

1600 

Laycock,  Peter,  of  Kildwick 

Dobson,  Ann,  of  Colne,Wid. 

Either  place. 

1600 

Spivey,  William,  of  Stainford, 

Justice,  Ann,  dau^  of  Jasper 

Either  place. 

Par.  Hatfield 

J.,  of  Doncas- 
ter,  Alder", 

1600 

Darby,  Richard,  of  Ripon    ... 

Robinson,  Thomasin,  dau^ 
of  Thomas  R., 

Either  place. 

t 

of  Brafferton 

1600 

Cliff,  John,  of  Pontefract 

Fores,  Elizabeth,  of  South 
Kirby,  Wid. 

Pontefract. 

1600 

Slingsby,  William,  son  of  Wil- 

Hardisty,   Ann,     dau*".    of 

Fewston. 

liam  S. 

Stephen  H.,  of 
Truscross, 
Par.  Fewston 

1600 

Waddington,  Richard,  of  West 

Colthurst,   Isabel,   dau'.  of 

Mitton. 

Bradford 

Richard  C,  of 
Bashall  Eaves, 
Par.  Mitton 

1600 

Dickenson,  Thomas  ^ 

Burnley,  Ann,   of    Uutton 
Roberts,  Wid. 

Hutton  Roberts. 

1600 

Clapham,  John,   of  Middles- 

King,  Lucy,  of  Massam 

Either  place. 

1600 

luure 
Leach,   William,  of  Norton- 

Hird,  Margaret,  of  Keighley 

Bingley,  or 

banks,          Par. 

Keighley. 

Bingley 

1600 

•*  Fairfax,  Edward,  Gent.,  of 
Newhall,Par.Otley 

Laycock,  Dorothy,  of  Leeds 

Leeds. 

1600 

Enfirland,  William 

Bucktrout,    Rosamund,    of 

Otley. 

•  ^^\^^^ 

Otiey 

1600 

Wharf,  Alan  

Carr,  Ellen,  of  Giggles  wick 
Killingbeck,      Agnes,      of 

Giggleswick. 
Leeds,  or 

1600 

Hinchcliffe,  Thomas,  of  Kirk- 

stall 

Gui8eley,Wid. 

Guiseley. 

1600 

Spencer,  Gawin,of  Bishopdale, 

Calvert,  Janet,  of  Carletou- 

Coverham. 

Par.  Aisgarth 

in-Coverda1e, 
Par.  Cover- 

1                                                                           ham 

^  The  poet,  bora  1608,  diecl  1682, 


184 


PAYER'S  MARRIAGE  LICENSES. 


Date. 


1600 
1600 

1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600] 
1600 

1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 

1600 


Name  and  description. 


87  Appleyard,  Peter,  of  Hea- 

lington 
Barton,  Roger,  of  Beverley ... 


Stead,  Thomas 


Robson,  Edward    

Hardcasile,  Miles,  of  Ripley 
Tutell,  Henry,  of  Heslewood 
*3  Redman,  Charles    


Smith,  James,  of  Lodersdon, 

Par.  Carlton-in- 

Craven 
®  Aislaby,  Thomas,  of  Fields 

alehall,     Qent., 

KUdale? 

Milner,  Robert,  of  Mowthorpe, 
Par.  Kirby 

Grindalyth 

70  Currer,  Henry,  of  Eildwick 


Marshall,  John,  of  Esrigg 
(Escrick) 

Carter,  George,  of  Thornton 
Steward 

7*  Hardy,  Robert,  of  Halifax 


Egglesfield,  Henry. 


Bladworth,  Thomas 
Shaw,  Nicholas 


Pudsey,  John,  of  Arnforth, 
Gent. 

Atkinson,  Leonard,  son  of 
Richard,  of  Aid- 
wick-le-Street 

Bowser,  Henry,  of  Sainton  ... 


'*•  Pearson,  William,of  Birstall 


Name  and  description. 


Hall,  Jane,  of  Topdiffe,  Wid 

Moore,   Margaret,    of   Cot- 
tingham 

Shore,  Rosamund,  of  Whit- 
well,     Par. 
Crambe 

Metcalfe,  Ann,  of  Ryton  ... 

Jeffrey,Margaret,  of  Fewston 

Willoughby,    Elizabeth,    of 

Heslewood 
Smith,Alice,of  Featherstone 

Emmott,  Elizabeth,  of  Colne 


Burnett,    Susan,    dau^    of 
William  B.,  of 
Breakhouse, 
Par.  Eriholme 

Mane  ?  (sic),  Mayne  ?,  Ellen, 
of  Towthorpe, 
Par.Wharram- 
Percy,  Wid. 

Maskew,  Alice,  of  St.  Mar- 
tin's, Mickle* 
gate,  York 

Darke,  Dorothy,  of  St.  Crux, 
York,  Wid. 

Watkinson,  Mary,  of  He- 
mingbro' 

Milner,  Susan,  of  Pudsey, 
Par.  Calverley 

Blackburu,  Alice,  of  Scackle- 
ton  Grange, 
Par.  Hoving- 
ham 

Dobson,  Prudence,  of  Hull 

Smallchar  [i.e.  Small-cheer], 

Grace,ofWath 

Wickliffe,  Joan,  of  Hornby 

Rawson,  Jane,  dau^  of 
Richard  li.,  of 
Burghwallis 

Wardo,  Alice,  of  Kilnwick, 
near  Watton 

Harrison,  Elizabeth,  of  Leeds 


Whereto  be 
Married. 


Either  place. 

Cottingham,   or 
St.  John's,  Be- 
verley. 

Crambe. 


Ripon. 
Either  placa. 
Heslewood. 
Featherstone. 

Carlton-in- 
Craven,    or 
Colne. 

Eriholme. 


Kirby     Grinda- 
lyth, or  Whar- 
i*am-Percy. 

St.  Martinis, 
Micklegate, 
York. 

St.  Crux,  York. 

Either  place. 

Calverley. 

Hovingham. 


Holy  Trinity  or 
St.Mary'8,Hull. 

Wath,  or  Weut- 
worth. 

Long  Preston,  or 
Hornby. 

Either  place. 


Either  place. 
Either  place. 


Bridffot.  daughter 


«7  No  wife  is  given  to  Peter  Apployard  in  Ponlson'a  Uolderness,  ii..  p.  3(J4. 

M  "John,  son  of  Chai-los  Rodman  of  the  Meare,  was  baptized  3o  July,  1G02  ; 
of  the  sime,  14  January,  lOurt-7;  dairies,  his  son,  11  June,  1613,  at  Featherstone,  at  which  church 
John  Redman  of  Losco,  gentleman,  w.ia  buried  IP  November,  1578;  Ricbard  Rodman  of  T.o<tco  11 
November,  1585.  and  Mary,  daughter  of  Robert  Redman,  of  Losco  Grange,  gentleman  IS  March 
1591-2  "-(John  Sykes,  M.D.,  F.S.  A.). 

«   Took  pl.\co  2  Dccombrir,  1600.  7o  Took  place  11  December,  ICOO. 

71    Not  in  Margerison's  Calverley  Registers,  i.,  p.  121. 

7U  A  Wm.  Pearson  married  Anae  Whitley  at  Birstall,  II  January,  1600-1  (J.E.). 


PAVERS  MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


185 


;  Date. 


1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 


Nanio  and  dojicription. 


Name  and  doacription. 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


72A»kwith,  Michael,  of   Kil-   Kayo,    Thomaain,    of     St. '  St.  Cuthbert's, 


burn,  Qeut 


York. 


Cuthbert's, 
York 
^^•WilkmsoD,  Ephraim Brooke,  Bridget,  of  Birstall  i  Birstall. 

Hunt,  Ralph The wlis,  Jane .  of  Scrayiog-  Scray ingham. 

I  ham  I 

ICaye,   George,    of    Huggate,  I  Etheriogton,    Margery,    of  Huggate. 

Gent  I  Whitwell 

Brabbi,  Thomas,  Clk.,   M.A.   Levens,  Jane,  of  Wighton... 


1600 

1600 

1600 

1600 

1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 


Hardy,  Philip,  of  Bilton  Smith,  Agnes,  of  Swine 

Barlow,  Catherine,  of  Bury 


'2  Perke,  John,  of  Broughton, 

Par.  Manchester 

Wright,  Francis,  of  Doncaster 

• 

Thompson,  Nicholas,  of  Nor- 

manton 
Stephenson,  ^YilUam 


**  Thompson,  Christopher,  of 

Mortgoaby 
Naylor,  Richard,  of  Fishlake 


King,  William,  son  of  Chris- 
topher K. 

**  Hartley,  Christopher 


'^  Eamondson,  Robert,  son  of 
Oswald  £. 

Winterbum,  Ralph,  of  Fins- 
bury  Stile,  Lon- 
don 

Langdale,  William 

''Rawden,  James,  of  St. 
Martin*8,  Mick- 
legate,  York 

Farrer?,  Fauconerf  (.9tc),  John, 
of  Scarborough 

Walker,   Thomas,  of  Armley 


England,  Ann,  of  Wath 

Wood,  Isabel,  of  But ...   Normantou. 


Goodmauham,  or 

Wighton. 
Either  place. 

Manchester,  or 

Bury. 
Either  place. 


Grave,  John   .... 
Jaques,  Thomas. 


Burnett,  Frances,  of  Wiiisley, 
Par.  Ripon, 
Wid. 

Todd,  Isabel,  of  the  same... 

Tiplady,     Lucy,     dau'.    of 
George  T.,  of 
Whitwell,Par. 
Bolton-on- 
Swale 

Winteringham,  Elizabeth,  of 
Cottingham, 
Wid. 

Hargraves,  Margaret 


Hutchinson,  Mary,  dau'.  of 
John  H.,  late 
of  Ripon,  dec**, 

Beverloy,  Ellen,  of  Barwiok- 
in-£lmet 

Consett,  Ann,  of  Scarbo- 
rough 

Sutclifie,  Christabella,  of 
Colne[  Diocese 
of  Chester] 

Hutchinson,  Thomasin,  of 
AVykebam 

Wilson,  Euphemia,  dau*".  of 
John  W.,  of 
Bradford 

Foster,  Elizabeth,  of  Bossall 


Ripon. 

The  same. 
Either  place. 


Cottingham. 

New  Church,   or 
Pendle  [Dioc. 
Chester]. 

Wensley   [Dioc. 
Chester]. 

Barwick-in- 
Elmet. 

Scarborough. 

Either  place. 

Wykeham. 
Leeds. 

Bossall. 


Blackburn,       Jennat,       of  Pickall    or    Top- 
Pickall  1      cUtfe. 


'•*  Took  place  21  December,  1000.  '**  Took  place  12  January,  IMO-l 

^  A  Pawilty  Licence.  '»  Query,  ^o^th8talnley,  Diocese  of  Chester? 

^  Diocese  of  Cbeater.  ^  Diocese  of  Chester. 

^  ChrisUbell.  wife  of  James  Rawdon,  was  bnried  5  December,  1011,  and  her  husband  4  May, 

1«17,  at  St.  Martin's,  Micklegato,  York.  I  toko  him  to  bo  younger  brother  of  Sir  Mannaduke 
lUwdan,  kni^t. 

VOL.  X.  ^ 


186 


paver's  marriage  licenses. 


Name  and  description. 


Name  and  descriptian. 


Newstead,  Michael 


1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 


Stansfield,  John,  son  of  John 
S.,  of  Guiseley 

Firth,  John    

7^  Ripley,  Hugh,  of  Ripon    ... 

Lapage,  Richard,  of  Poutef raot 

Murton,    Edward,    of    Holy 
Trinity,  HuU 

Croft,  Georga..  


Where  to  be 
Married, 


Featherstone,  William,  Minis- 
ter of  Keying- 
ham 

79Milner,  Peter,  of  Ruyston... 

^^  Swire,    Henry,   of    Kirkby 

Malham 
Fall,  Richard,  of  St.  Michael- 

le-Belfrey,  York 

Barton,  John 


Hogg,   Abraham,   of    Kexby, 
Par.  Catton,  Gent. 
Jackson,  Mathew,  of  Newtou- 
on-Ouse 


1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 
1600 


Foster,  Grace,  of  Topoliffe 
Scatchard,  Margaret,  of  Otley 


GledhUl,  Elizabeth,  of  Rish- 

worth.      Par, 

Elland 
Race,  Ann,  of  St.  John's, 

Micklegate, 

York 
Ashton,  Frances,  of  Monk 

Frystou 
Gowle,  a/ifw  Gowld,  Frances, 

of  St.  John's, 

Beverley 
Foppleton,  Agnes,  of  Markin< 

ton,Par.Kipon 
Rand,  Elizabeth,  of  Keying- 

hain 

Hay,  Ann,  of  Egglesfield  ... 

Phillips,Elizabeth,ofBolton- 
in- Craven 

Harper,  Ann,  of  All  Saints* 
Pavement, 
York 

Clarke,  Elizabeth,  of  Bever- 
ley 

Bates,  Jane,  of  Eston,  Wid. 

Ellison,  Elizabeth,  of  Ship- 
ton,         Par. 
Overton 

Benson,    Agnes,    of    Loft- 
house,  Wid. 


Topcliffe. 
Otley. 

Elland. 

St  John'i,  York. 

Either  place. 

St.    John's,    Be- 
verley. 

Ripon, 

Keyingham, 

Either  place. 

Either  place. 

AU  Saints'  Pave-  [ 
ment,  York. 

St.    John's,    Be- 
verley. 

Eston,    or    Kirk 
Leatham. 

Ne  w  ton-on-0  use, 
or  Overton. 


1600   Parrett,  Thomas,  of  Liverton, 

Par.  Easington 

1600   Sparrow,  Thomas,  of  Briade,   Brooke,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

John  B.,  Vicar 
of  Wressle 


Par.  Wressle 
Lownde,  William,  of  Preston 

Cowper,  George 

Broughton,  John,  of  Doncaster 


Whittledale,  Agnes,  of  Bcn- 

tham 
Lowick,  Isabel,  of  Leeds  ... 

Healey,  Agnes,  of  Arksey... 

Whittaker,  Ann 


Preston,  William,  of  Kirkby 

Malham 
Dennis,  William,  of  Cliff,  Par.  '  Richardson,    Mary,  servant 


North  Cave 


1600 
1600 


Tinker,  William 

*^  Pearson,  William 


to    John    Ba- 
nister, of  St. 
Mary's,     Cas- 
tlegate,  York 
Camm,  Mary,  of  Blithe 

Pollard,     Isabel,    dau'.    of 
Thomas  P.,  of 
^  Okinshaw, 

^  Par.  Birstall. 


Liverton  or 
Lofthou&e. 
Wressle, 


Bentham. 
Leeds. 
Arksey. 

Kirkby  Malham. 
North  Cave. 


Blithe  [CcNotts]. 
Birstall. 


7*  Took  place  27  January,  1600-1.    She  is  caUed  "Ann  Rose,  widow."  ?»  Query,  Whiston. 

«  ^"?^*  ^"  °^  Henry  Swire  of  Airton,  was  baptized  at  Kirkby  Malham  16  October  1601. 
^  Took  place  19  February,  1600-1. 


PiVERS  MABBIAQE  LICENSES. 


187 


Date. 
1600 

Nome  and  deacription.                   Name  and  description. 

1 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

Sutton-in-Hol- 

Gent,  WilUam    

Bromfleet.  Alice,  of  Sutton- 

in-Holderness 

demess 

1600 

Xewby,  William,  of  Bar  wick, 

Walker, Alice,  of  Leeds,  Wid.   Leeds. 

Par.  Skipton 

1600 

Tophaxn,  Mathew,  of  St.  Mi- 

Stookdale,  Ellen,  of  St.  Mi- 

St. Michael's, 

chaers,      Spur- 

chael's,  Spur- 

Spurriergate, 

riergate,  York 

riergate,  York 

York. 

1600 

ThompaoD,  Matbew,  of  Apple-   Spoffortb,   Elizabeth,  dau^ 

Bolton  Percy,  or 

ton,  Par.  Bolton 

of  John  S.,  of 

Cawood. 

Percy 

Cawood 

1600 

PuUeyne,  Charles,  of  Hutton- 

Slater,  Ellen,  of  Hutton-on- 

Hutton-on-Der- 

on-Derwent 

Derwent 

went. 

1600 

"Margball,  WUliam,    of    All 

Seeker,    Elizabeth,    of    All 

All  Saints*  Pave. 

Saints*       Pave-                          Saints*    Pave- 

ment, York. 

ment,  York                                 ment,  York 

1600 

Errat,  Bichard Pawson,  Margaret,  of  Otley, 

Otlfy. 

AVid. 

1600 

^  Bobinson,   Leonard,    of  St.   Hardy,  Margery,  of  St  Den- 

St.  Dennis,  York. 

Dennis,  York 

nis,  York,  Wid. 

1600 

Bawsthome,     John,     citizen 

Birkhead,  Ann,  of  All  Saints' 

All  Saints'  Pave- 

and mercb'.,  of 

Pavement, 

ment,  York. 

London 

York,  Wid. 

1600 

Bogg,  John,  of  Huntington . . . 

Armstrong,  Isabel,  of  Bird- 
sail 
Peacock,     Mary,    dau*^    of 

BirdsalL 

1600 

Prestwood,  Leonard,  of  York, 

Hovingham,      or 

merchant 

William?    P., 

Holy    Trinity, 

of  York,  mer- 

King's   Court, 

chant 

York. 

1600 

Adynet,  Anthony,  of  Bilton... 

Hudson,  Agnes,  of  Wighill 

Either  place. 

1600 

Lister,  Leonard 

Lofthouse,  Ann,    of    New- 
same,        Par. 

Gisbum. 

^^^^■^v^^  ^r  ~^^^m    H         ^^^^  ^^  '^^  ^.^^^^"^     ^i^v      VVVVV"     VV*     •••     ••■••• 

Gisbum 

1600 

Coupland,  Henry,  of  Ingleby  Morley,  Isabel,  of  Gisbro*, 

Wid. 

Either  place. 

1600 

Walker,  Leonard   Browne.  Elizabeth 

Holy    Trinity, 
Hull. 

W     W       V^I^PVSV^^  ^»    J          ^i^^V  ^^  ^^  ^^^B^^^^^    ^ff^p                 9     W     9      9     9     W      •••      VVV      VVV                                              ^^                                                                            ^^                               ^^^  ^^  ^— ^— ^—    _^_                      ^^      ___^      _ 

1600 

Lotherington,  William  ?  

Alderson,  Dorothy,  of  Great 
Bargh,      Par. 
Kirby  Misper- 
ton 

Kirby  Misperton. 

1601 

Tate,  Robert,  of  Newthorpe, 

Taylor,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

Kippax. 

Par.  Sherbum 

Robert  T.,  of 
Kippax 

1601 

^  HeslertoD,      William,      of 

Isons,  Mary,  dau'.  of  Mary 

Brompton  in 

Weaverthorpe, 

I..    Wid.,    of 

Pickering 

Gent. 

Brompton    in 

Lithe. 

!                        Pickering 

1601 

LolleVa  Willif>^m,.,    .        .     , 

Sowden,  Isabel,  of  Hamps- 
thwaite 

Hampsthwaite. 

1601 

^  Hopkinson,      George,      of 

Walker,  Frances,  of  Sharls- 

Warmfield. 

Thorpe-on-the 

ton.          Par. 

Hill 

Warmfield 

*^  Took  place  24  February,  1600-1.  Edward  Seeker  and  Mary  Brearey  married  18  April,  1600,  at 
8t  Helen's,  York.  *«  Took  place  24  February,  1600-1. 

■*  She  was  daughter  of  Charles  laons  of  Troutsdale  (Foster's  ViaitationB,  p.  536)  by  Mary  daughter 
of  George  Dakins. 

**  George  Hopkineon  of  Lofthouse,  baptized  22  August.  1573.  at  Wragby,  and  died  in  1650,  father 
^  John  Hopkinson,  the  laborious  antiquary,  is  said  to  have  mxrried  Elizabeth,  datu^hter  of  John 
Walker  of  Lofthouse,  and  to  have  had  by  her  only  a  daughter.  Elixabetb.  His  second  wife,  Juditii 
Ixmgley,  was  married  to  him  28th  Junuary,  1604-5,  at  Horbury  (see  Bobert's  Loflhouae,  1882, 
PP.82-S4X 

O  2 


188 


PAVERS  MARRIAGB  LICEKSES. 


Date. 
1601 

N  me  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Whereto  be 
Married. 

Pickering,       Alexander,      of 

Goodoll,  Alioe,  of  St.  Lau-  St    Laurence's, 

Howley,       Par. 

reuce's,  York 

York. 

Hatley 

1601 

Pearson,      Francis,     of      St. 

Darwin,  Margaret,  of  Holy 

Holy     Trinity, 

Olave's,  York 

Trinity,  Good- 

Goodramgate, 

ramgate,  York 

York. 

1601 
1601 

Wilkinson.  Thomas  

Gledhill,  Grace,  of  Elland 
Hurt,    Eli7.abeth,     of     St. 

Elland. 

St.   Mary'a,  Not- 

V       ^■^■^k^v^  V  *  ^v  ^^  V*  ■          s^  an^  ^^  ^i^k^k  v^^^^          vvv    vvv    vvv    vvv 

Holland,   Laurence,  of  Shef- 

field 

Mary's,    Not- 
tingham 

tinghiun. 

1601 

Shuttleworth,     Thomas,     of 

Armytage,       Beatrice,      of  Either  place. 

Wakefield 

Warmfield 

1601 

Holland,  Brian,  Gent.,  M.A... 

Wilson,  Dorothy,  of  lick- 
hill,  Wid. 

Tickhill. 

1601 

Colston,  Charles,  of  Guiseley 

Rhodes,  Alice,  of    Hawks- 
worth,      Far. 
Otley. 

Guiseley. 

1 

1601 

8<"Lee,  Robert,  of  Eirstall 

Webster,     alias     Poynter, 
Margaret,    of 
Thorpe  -  on  - 
Hill,       Par. 
RothweU 

Birstall. 

1601 

Welbank.  Samuel   

Mitchell.  Catherine,  of  Bar- 

Rarwiiik. 

W     W        ^^^m  ^9^^^W^  ^  ^P^*  ■          ^^^^^»  ^•VB^B    ^tfV  ^^  ^B                   •■       9     W     9      W     9     9      VP9       ■•■ 

wick,  AVid. 

1601 

Jackson,  John    

Kaye,Margaret,  of  Topcliffe, ;  Topcliffe. 

Wid. 

1601 

Gill.  Thomas 

Swale,  Mary,  of  York   

Holy        Trinity, 
King's    Court, 

I 

^MAAAa           ^te    m^  ^^  **M»^^#      #•••■•     •■*■••*•••••■■• 

York. 

1601 

TUrnes,      Lancelot,     of     St. 

Pilley,  Meriol,of  St.  Helen's, 

St.  Helon*s,Stone- 

Helen's,    Stono- 

Stonegate, 

gate,  York. 

gate,  York 

York 

1601 

Corke,  Thomas,  of  Skipton  ... 

Ryder,  Jane,  of  Coverham. . . '  Either  place. 

1 

1601 

Fyphe,  llobert,  of  Scarbro*    .. 

1 
Whytell,  Catherine,  of  Cay-  Either  place. 

1601 

Brearey,  Thomas,  of  Kirkby 

ItOu 

Aske,  Jane,  dau'.  of  Marga- 

Kirkby   Wharfe, 

Wharfe 

ret  Cowj)land, 
alias  Aske 

or  Ryther. 

1 

1601 

Escam  (?  Ascham),  Thomas, 

Jackson,  Alice,  dau'.  of  Ro- 1  Either  place. 

of  Slaidburn 

bert     J.,     of 
Clapbam 

1601 

Bayles,  Thomas,  of  PoUington 

Taylor,  Alice,   of    Sandall, '  Snaith  or  Sandall. 
Wid. 

1601 

Hutchinson,  Thomas,  of  New- 

Sharpe,  Cicely,  of  Slingsby,   Sliugsby. 

bro*,  Par.  Cox  wold 

Wid. 

1601 

Whitwell,    Robert,     of     St. 

Anderson,  Dorothy,  of  Kirby 

St.^nchael'SjNew 

Micbael's,    New 

Overcarr 

Multon. 

Mai  ton 

1601 

Noble,  WilUam 

Moone,    Ann,    of    Whitby, 
Wid. 

Whitby. 

1601 

Beaumont,  Robert,  of  Almond- 

Matthewman,  Alice,  of  Kirk- 

Almondbury. 

bury 

burton 

1 

1601 

Ardrene  (Arderne),  Hugh,  of 

Horrocks,  Isabel,  Wid 

Gargrave      or 

Gargravo 

Broughtou 

IGOl 

Uaxby,  Robert,  of  Wheldrake 

Stable,  Ann,  dau'.  of  George 
S.,  of  Cotting- 

Thorgiiuby. 

^\•ith,         l*ar. 

• 

Thorpanby 

i 

»••  Took  place  18  April  1001. 


PAVERS  MAERIAGE  LICENSES. 


189 


Date. 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

1601 

Dodsworth,  Anthony,  of  Tcp- 
clif  Park 

Askwith,  Mary,  of  Richmond 

Richmond. 

1601 

Burdett,  Mathew,  of  Denby, 

Colthu^t,       Dorothy,      of 

Peniston. 

Par.  Peniston 

Howley,   Pa:-. 
Batley 
Cass,  Ann,  of  Bray  ton  

Mayer,  Elizabeth,  dau'.  of 

1601 

Scowcroft,  Roger 

Brayton,  or  Wis- 

tow. 
Either  place. 

1601 

Johnson,    William?,    of    St. 

Mary's,  Beverley 

George  M.  of 
Sigglesthorue 

1601 

^*»  May,  Richard 

Walker.  Alice,  of  Halifax. 

Halifax. 

^^"^^    ^^^J     J       ^^  ^  ^  ^^  ^^^^^»^     ^rf^  VVVV     VVVVvVVVvVVVVV 

Wid. 

^^*^**  •  IMA^S 

1601 

Waterhouse,   John,  of  Hull, 

Reynard,  Elizabeth,  of  Hull, 

Hessle, 'or  Holy 

merchant 

AVid. 

Trinity,  Hull. 

1601 

Steel,  Michael, of  Burneston... 

Wilson,  Emote,  of  Wilton, 
Wid. 

Either  place. 

1601 

Hanson,  William   

Hanson,  Klizabeth,  of  Stan- 
ley,Par.  Wake- 

Wakefield. 

^r^r'^^^i'^^   ^r  ^^^PJ                 W      w       ^  ^»^  ^^  ir>^B^ft^V                   VVBVVVV**VWV9     V^ 

field 

1601 

Manvood,  William,    jun.,  of 

Hopper,  Margaret,  of  Little 

SbokeRley. 

Wadington,  Co. 

Busby,     Par. 

Warwick,  Gent. 

Stokesley 

1601 

Hodgson,     Thomas,     of    All 

Twisleton,  Elizabeth,  dau^ 

Holy      Trmity, 

Saints'       Pave- 

of Henry  T., 

Hull. 

ment,  York 

of  Hull 

1601 

Walbank,   William,   of    Hor- 
rockforth  ?  (sic) 

Parker,  Jane,  of  Clitheroe... 

Clitheroe. 

1601 

Wheatley,  George,   of  Pickei- 

Bewick,  Ellis,  of  Fylingdale, 

Fylinge. 

ing,  Yeoman 

Par.  Fylinge 

1601 

Gearie,  John,  of  Ingleby 

Rutter,  Susan,  of  Kirkby  in 
Cleveland, 
Wid. 

Either  place. 

1601 

Newton,  Robert,  of  Lathom, 

Boyca,  Ann,  of  Rillington, 

Aughton,     or 

Par.  Augbton 

dau'.  of  Chris- 
topher B.,  of 
Leeds 

Rillington. 

1601 

''^  Appleby,  Anthony,  of  St. 

Robinson,  Juliana,    of    St. 

St.  Olave's,  York. 

Olave's,  York 

Olave's,  York 

1601 

GleydeU  [Gledhill],  Thomas... 

Whitley,  Jennet?, of  Elland 

Elland. 

1601 

Chambers,  Thomas,   of  Holy 

Ma-sterman,  Ellen,  of  Stears- 

Bransby. 

Trinity,    King's 

by,  Par.  Brans- 

Court,  York 

by 

1601 

Walker,  John 

Kay,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Arthur 
K.,  Vicar    of 

Doncaster. 

^^^^■^■^■^^^  ■       ^^     ^^^m^^^m^     vvvvvvp    %    V#v9v    %    vwvvvVV 

Doncaster 

1601 

Kelshey,  Samuel,  of  Wyke  ... 

Bumiey,  Ro3amund,  of  Bir- 

Birstall, or  Harts- 

stall 

head. 

1601 

Trewman,  Roger,  of  Hawnby 

Harker,  Margery,  of  Helms- 
ley 
Taylor,  Mary,  of  Almond- 

Hawnby. 

1601 

^»  Crosland,  George,  Vicar  of 

Kirkburton,     or 

Almondbury 

bury 

Hudderstield. 

1601 

Richardson,  James,  of  Bromp- 

Simondson,     Margaret,    of 

Either  place. 

ton,  near  North- 

Bedale 

allerton 

1601 

Gibson,    Ralph?   {sic),    ak.? 

Dawson  ?  Danson  {sic),  Mar- 

Patelybridge,  or 

(sic) 

garet,  dau'.  of 
John    D.,    of 
Bishopside  in 

Patelybridge 

••>>  Took  place  2G  May,  ItfOl 


(J.  L.). 
»•  Tool 


"  Took  place  14  Juno,  IGOl,  "'per  Lie.  Dul.  Arcbiepi." 
Took  place  at  Bradford  May,  1601. 


190 


PAVEUS  MARBIAOE  LICEKSES. 


Name  and  description. 


Name  and  description. 


1601    Bromfleet,  Robert,  of  Drypool 
1601 


1601 

1601 

1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 

1601 

1601 

1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 


Driffield,  Thomas,  of  EUerton 
Taylor,  Thomas,  of  Tadcaster 


Long,  John,  of  Hawton 
Grange,  Par. 
Bingley 

Fowler,  Thomas,  of  Howden 
Yate 

^^Salvin,  Robert,  Gent 

Lewtie,  Mathew,  of  Ripley  . . . 

IIoldsworth,George,of  Horton, 
Par.  Bradford 

Colthurat,  Abraham,  of  Bum- 
ley,  Prov.  York 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Piatt,  John    

Naylor,  John,  of  Clifton 


Pepper,  Elizabeth,  of  Hull, 
Wid. 

Jaques,  Susan,  of  St.  Mar- 
tin's, Mickle- 
gate,  York 

Konnanville,  Ann,  of  Holy 
Triuity.King's 
Court,  York 

Broadley,  Agnes,  of  Shipley, 
Par.  Bradford 

Milner,  Euphemia,  of  Bing- 
ley, Wid. 

Lutton,  Ann,  of  Skeme, 
Wid. 

Burton,  Mary,  of  Ripon   ... 


Dnrpool,  or  Holy 
Trinity,  HuIL 
Either  place. 


Holy    Trinity, 
King's  Court, 
YorL 

Bingley,  or  Brad- 
ford. 

Bingley,     or 
£ldwick. 
Skeme. 

Ripon. 


Bradford,   or 

Leeds. 
HeptoDstalL 


Heptonstall,       William,      of 
Featherstone 

Jefferson,  Marmaduke,  son  of 
John  J. 

Ramsden,  John  ?,  of  Hudders- 

field 
Southwick,  Gerard    


Emmott,  Thomas,  of  Colne, 

Gent. 
Emmott,  George,  son  of  said 

Thomas  E. 
Dunn,  George    

Simpson,  Richard 

Tubley,  Stephen,  of  Hackness 


Colman,  Thomas,  of  Kirkby 
Overblows 

Blackwood,  William,  of  St. 
John's,  Beverley 


Roise,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Thomas 

R.,ofKirkstall 
Barker,  Ann,  of  Stansfield, 

Par.   Hepton- 
stall 
Backhouse,     Margaret,     of 

HuU 
Blackburn,     Dorothy,     of  |  Hartehead* 

Kirklees,  Par. 

Hartshead 
Fauge,  Ellen,  of  Sykehouse, 

Par.  Fishkke, 

Wid. 
Hurst,  Ann,  of  Owston,  Par. 

Coxwold, 

Wid. 
Hors£ill,  Susan,  of  Hepton- 
stall 
Richardson,    Elizabeth,    of 

Preston -in- 

Holdemess 
Hird,    Ann,   of   Keighley, 

Wid. 
Hird,  Agnes,  dau^  of  said 

Ann  K. 
PursgloTe,  Ann,  of  Smawes, 

Par.  Tadcaster 
Topham,  Janet,  of  Colne, 

Wid. 
Rode,  Dorothy,  of  Beesonby 


Holy    Trinity, 
Hull 


Feathervtone,  tft 
Fishlake. 

Coxwold. 


Either  place. 

Preston -in- Hd- 
demese. 

Keighley. 

Keighley. 

Tadcaster. 

Colne. 

Bessonby. 


Kirkby     Oter* 

blows. 
St.  Mary's,    Be- 

Terley. 


Ezelby,  Margaret,  of  Spof- 

forth 
Wright,   Elizabeth,  of  St. 
Mary's,  Bever- 
ley 

1001    Langton,  John   Mirfield,  Jennet,  of  Thorp-   Thorparch. 

I  arch  I 

IGOl    Wood,  George,  of  JSt.  Samp-   Coo,  Jane,  of  St.  Martin's,   St.  Martin's.  Co- 
son's,  York  Coueystreet, 

I  York 

IfiOl  '  Evers,  William,  of  Maltby    ...    Xalson,  Alice,  of  Doncaater 


neystreetyYork. 
Doncaster. 

M  WillHm  Lutton,  frentleman,  won  buried  1  March,  1(H)0-1:  Ann,  wife  d  Rc^Nrt  BAtfiatt 
November,  leiO ;  and  Robert  Salven,  Esquire,  buried  7  August,  1C39,  at  Skeme. 


PAYEES  MABBIAQE  LICEKSES. 


l&l 


Date. 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

1601 

1 

Pears,  John,  of  Stainton  

Bates,  Jane,  of  Eaton,  Wid. 

Either  place. 

1601 

Todd,  George,  M.A.,  Rector  of 

Pemington,  Ann.of  Lund-on- 

Lund-on-the- 

1 

Scorborough 

the-Wold8,Wid. 

Wolds. 

1601 

Hollins,  QeoiTje,  of  Whitkirk 

Butler,  Jane,dau'. of  John  B. , 
of  Warmfield 

Whitkirk. 

1 1601 

87  Frankland,  Richard,  of  York 

Barmby,    Grace,    dau'.    of 

Holy      Trinity, 

i 

John  B.,  Gent. 

King's    Court, 
York. 

1601 

^Conyers,  John,  of   Syddell, 

Wormley,   Ann,    dall^    of 

West  Runkton,or 

Par.  West  Runk- 

William  W.,of 

Hurworth. 

ton,  Gent. 

Hur  worth, 
Prov.  York 

1601 

Dobson,  William,  of  Tollerton 

Smith,  Ursula,  dau'.  of  Janet 

Alne,  or  Newton- 

Preston,  aliaa 

on-Ouse. 

1 

Smith,ofNew- 

ton-onOuse 

1601 

Bank8,Richard,  of  Everthorpe, 
Par.  North  Cave 

Elwood,  Ann,  of  Middleton 

Middleton. 

1601 

Rawnsley,  Brian 

Smith,  Isabel,  of  Elland  ... 

Elland. 

1601 

Calvert.  Ralph    Cowmbe  ?  (51c).  Ellen,  of  Ee- 

Egglesfield. 

^^^■^^^    w    ^^  ^    ^F  ■      ^Bv  ^r^^^m   m  ^  ^B^B               vvv     >v«aflv     9*vV##     •#•                 ^^                                                                      ——————                 ^^^—  ^^           ^      ^^  ^^                 ^^— 

glesfield.Wid. 

1601 

Robinson,  Henry,  of  Dewsbury 

Maude,  Ann,  of  Kirk  Heaton 

Either  place. 

1601 

Woodward,     Christopher,    of 

Eidson,  Margaret,  of  Gis- 

Gisbum. 

Gisbum 

bum 

1601 

Wood,  Peter,  of  Pontcfract  ... 

Cleane     ?  (*^c),    Agnes,    of 
Drax 

Drax. 

1601 

Gnindell,  William,    of    Gilli- 

Milbum,  Alice,  of  Oswald- 

Oswaldkirk,    or 

more,Par.  Kirby 

kirk,  Wid. 

Kirby  Moorside. 

Moorside 

1601 

Smith.  John  ? 

Laforce  ?  {sic)t  Janet,    aliat 

Cantley. 

Jaue,ofCantley 

1601 

Foxton,  William,  of  Hoving- 

Whitwell,  Marjj^aret,  of  St.    St.         MichaeVs.  | 

ham 

Michael's, 
Kew  Mai  ton 

Kew  Malton. 

1601 

Lazenby,  Henry,  of  Thirsk  . . . 

Browne  Jane,  of  Ripon,\Vid. 

Either  place. 

1601 

Hartus,  James,  of  Newbrough 

Pansex,  Ann,  dan',  of  Wil- 

Coxwold, or  Kil- 

liam    P.,     of 

bum. 

Newstead, 

Par.  Kilbum 

1601   Laycock,  Averey,  of  Kildwick 

Rycroft,  Jane,  of  Colne    . . . 

Carlton,  or  Kild- 
wick. 

1601   Morley,Leonard.of  Scampston, 

Mease,  Magdalene,  Wid.    ... 

Rillington,       or 

Par.    Killinjjfton 

Acklam. 

1601   89  Middleton,  Thomas,  of  Tun- ;  Bindloss,  Millicent,  of   Bor- ;  Tunatall. 

stall,  Prov.  York, 

wick,             Par. 

» 

Gent. 

"Warton,       alias , 

1 

Waverton, 

1           1 

Prov.York.Wid. 

w  Richard  Fraoklaud,  who  married  Anno,  daughter  of  Dr.  llioraas  Young,  Archbishop  of  York 
(Dugdale'B  Visitation,  p.  206),  made  his  will  1  December,  1585,  and  mention^  two  nephews  of  the 
name  of  Richard.  One  was  son  of  his  brother  Thomas,  the  other  son  of  his  broUior  William 
Frankliuid.  *•  Snrtees,  Dtirhnm,  iii.,  p.  253. 

•»  Millicent  Byndloas  was  daughter  of  Roger  Dalton  of  <Thumam  ?)  co.  Lancaster,  and  widow 
of  Sir  Christopher  Byndloss.  fifth  son  of  Sir  Robert  Bjmdloss  of  Borwick  Hall,  and  "Alderman  " 
hjt.  diief  magistrate  under  Queen  Elizabeth's  Charter)  of  Kendal,  co.  Westm.,  in  1579.  Her  son, 
Christopher  Byndloss,  baptized  at  Warton  6  October,  159«,  married  at  Kendal  20  July,  1617, 
Annas  Dawson.  Her  daughter  Bridget  married  £dward  Middleton  of  Middleton  Hall,  in  the 
pariah  of  Kirkby  Lonsdale. 


192 


PAYERS  UABRIAGE   LICENSES!. 


Date. 
1601 

Namo  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

Hodgson,     Edward,     of    St. 

Cooper  ?,  Mary,  of  St.  Samp- 

St. SampRon's, 

Sampson's,  York 

son's,  York. 

York. 

1601 

^Mangall,  George,  of  Thnrne, 

Nelson,  Ann,  dau^  of  Mar- 

Thume, Hatfield, 

Par.  Hatfield 

garet  Nelson, 
alias    Taylor, 
of  Snaith 

or  Snaith. 

1601 

Waddington,      lliomas,       of 

Frankland.Joan,  of  Gisbum, 

Either  x>lace. 

Preston 

Wid. 

1601 

Hardcastle,  William 

Frankland,  Frances,  of  Few- 

Fewston. 

1601 

Keeling,  John,  of  Dolmondes 

0                                                9 

ston 
VVaterhouse,  Alice 

Bradford. 

1601 

91  Wharton,    Francis,   of    St, 

Brooke,   Catherine,  of    All 

Either  place. 

Crux,         York, 

Saints'    Pave- 

A 

merchant 

ment,     York, 
Wid. 

1601 

Buckle,  William,  of  Kyther  ... 

TCirfAin      T!1i7alM*tli     nf    Rfc 

Sampson's.York 

1601 

Skiers.  Thomas 

West,     Mary,     of    Went- 
worth 

Went  worth. 

^^^  ^^^»^B  ^p  ^  ^w  m          ^^K  ^h^  ^^  s^Biv^f^'nv        9#V    www    VSv*w«    vvv    w    w    9 

1601 

Robinson  alia^  Milner,  Wil- 

Hawkredd,    Margaret,     of 

Womerdey. 

liam,  vf  Bentley, 

Womersley, 

Par.  Arkft-ey 

Wid. 

1601 

Holdsworth,  Henry,  ofl^iouth- 
ouram 

Irehnd,  Mary,  of  Coley   ... 

Halifax,  or  Coley. 

1601 

^-Dakins,  Robert,  of  Linton- 

Beckwith,  Lady  Jane,  of  St 

St.  John's.  Mick- 

on-Wolds,  Gent. 

John's,  Mick- 
legate,  York 

legate,  York. 

1601 

Armistead,   William,  of  Gig- 
gleswick 

Gamctt,  Catherine,  of  Otley 

Giggleswick. 

1601   AValker,    Thomas,    of     West 

Haygt  ?  (ific),      Ann,      of 

Sandall     Magna, 

Bretton 

Darton 

or  Darton. 

1 601   Oxley,   Edmund,    or  Edward 

More,   Elizabeth,    of    Caw- 

Cawthome. 

(sic),      son      of 

thome 

Richard    0.,  of 

High  Hoy  land 

1601  !  Swale,  John,  of  Kosedale,  Par. 

Metcalfe,  Frances,  of  Leak 

Leak. 

Middleton 

1601 

Oglethorpe,  Edward,  pf  Thorn- 

Mallory, Margaret,  of  Bum 

Ripon,  or  Ripley. 

ton  Wood,  Par. 

Yates,  Par. 

Ripon,  Gent. 

Ripley,  Wid. 

1601 

us  Browne,    Solomon,    of   All 

Turner,  Mary,  of  All  Saints' 

All  Saints'  Pave- 

Saints'       Pave- 

Pavement, 

ment,  York. 

ment,  York 

York,  Wid. 

1601 

^^  North,  John,  of  Kirk  Heaton 

Holdsworth,  Susan,  of  Kirk 
Heaton. 

Kirk  Heaton. 

1601 

Atkinson,  Richard,  of  Adding- 
ham 

Fearnley,  Beatrice,  of  Leeds 

Addingham. 

1601 

Fox, Gilbert, of  Thorpe  Grange, 

Beverley,    Ann,     of     Over 

Over  Helmslcy. 

Par.  Kilburn 

Helinsley 

1 601 '  Mallinson,  Richard 

Waterhouse,  Sarah,  of  Brad- 

Bradford. 

1 

ford 

«»  Took  place  at  Thoriio  21)  Hcptoraber,  lOi'l. 

w  Took  place  30  Soptemner,  1001,  and  tbey  baptized  four  children  at  All  Saints'— William, 
Francis,  Samuel,  and  John  Wharton. 

M  Robert  Dakina  of  Lintoii-on-the-Woldi>  (Foster's  Visitations,  p.  169)  married  for  his  second 
•wife  Jane,  widow  of  Christopher  Beckwith,  Lord  Mayor  of  York,  1597,  and  buried  at  St.  John's, 
*22  June,  1599.  His  eldest  son,  Robert  Dakins.  by  his  firbt  wife,  married,  about  the  year  1003, 
Marj^aret,  danjrhter  of  the  said  Christopher  Beckwith. 

•3  See  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  5-75  aud  p.  314.  The  ftu-mor  makc<(  his  wife  to  bo  Arne.  datigbtor  of 
Ihomas  Staveley,  the  latter  of  William  Staveley,  and  widow  of  William  Burton  of  Inguiautborpe. 
Neither  notices  this  marriage.  •   Took  place  20  October,  Itful. 


PAVERS  MABBIAQE  LlCESSES 


D(.lg. 

.■™e^^p«™. 

Wbmtobe 
Morrlod, 

IBOl 

Rwhworth,       Abrahun,      o£ 

Biuglej 

WooUer,  Sybe!,  of  Bingley 

BiBgloy. 

IMl 

Forter,Williiiin 

JobiuoD,  Grace,  of  Amcliffe 

ICOl 

Elliott,    Martm,   of  Clayton, 

England,       Eliiabelb,      of 

Friokley.l 

Par.  l-riokley 

Uouton  Fagnel 

1601 

Mjere,  William,  of  Skelton  ... 

Deighton,Par. 

Edtrigg 

1601 

Aipinall,  James,  o£  Clitlieroe 

Wbittakor,  Ellen,  of  Padi- 

^■bBllev,     Clitb- 

bBtn,         Par. 

eroe/or  Padi- 

Whalley 

ham. 

ISOl 

Atmar,    Marmnduke,    of    St. 

Sutton,  Mirgorot,    ot  Kyn- 

at.  Jobn'B, 

John'*,  Beverley 

Storey,Ann,oEKirbrMooi- 

Bida 
Theakaton,  Jane,  of  Pately- 

Beverley, 

leoi 

Chapman.William,  of  Kirkdale 

Kirkdale. 

ISOl 

Kipon,  or  Pateley. 

Ualzeord 

bridge.     Pur. 

Kipon 

1601 

Pinltney,  ThoniM,  of  Seiaay, 

Browne,  Ellen,  of  Topcllffe, 
Wid. 

Eitber  place. 

1801  j  Hanunn,  liichl^d"'. 

Atkinson,  Margery,  Jan',  of 
Thomaa  A. 

Spoffortb. 

1801 

"Edsvardee,    Jobn,  of  M«n- 

Watson,    irar,!nii;t,    of    St 

St.  DenniB,  York 

njngtoa  1  (jiV), 

Dennis,  York 

Dunnineton, 

1801 

"TifflFhitt,     Marmaduko,    of 

Lowman,  Elizabeth,  of  Holy 

Eitber  placu. 

Femby 

Trinity,  HuU. 

1601 

■7  Hotbam,  John,  son  and  heir 

nemington,  Mmy,  dau',   of 

of  John  H.,  of 

llicbsrd     K., 

Soorborougb, 

M.A,     Arcb- 

E,«l. 

deacoQofEoBt 
Riding,        of 
Lockington 

1601    lleniington,  Rietiard,  iioii  rmd 

Ilotbatn,    Mary,    dau'.    of 

lieirofwidKich- 

Boid  Jobn  H. 

1601    «'Ilurgb,LeonBi^,ofH««rke»- 

Hutdanortb,  Jane,  dan',  of 

UclUas.. 

1                        woU,  Gent. 

Jobn    U.,   oi 
Halifai 

1601   Harland,  llogar,  of  Hawnliy.. , 

Barker,  Jano.otKirkdalo.. 

Eitbor  place. 

1601   Fu»ie,   Ilobert.   o£   Siegles- 

Ackkni,  MargTirat,  of  SUp- 

Eitber  jibtee. 

tliomo 

«ey 

1601   Laraunt  1  (lic),  Peter,  of  All 

Bowaer,   (Bourchied)  Alice. 

All  Saints'  Pave- 

Saints'       PflTH. 

dau'.ofHohn 

meot,  York. 

ment,         York, 

B.,  of  York 

niercbant 

1801   "Sjkea.JoLn.ofSt.  Olavey 

Brearlcy,  Joan,  of  St.  Olave'a, 

St.  Olnva's,  York. 

1                            York                                                 Ynrfc 

narrlua  tulcsn  place, 

-jttliiiudyoijinlod  81 

muTialhtollratwlfii^lfiUH  '      " 


■  Uainuduks  In 

n  tt^  tbii  DunL.. 
Bst  tht  tad' 

itollratwifD^rfi.1 

York.    Arehdeacun  KemlriEton  vps  biirJed 
Button,  dugbter  of  tba  AnbbliilioT' □!  "    ' 


'^'  Took  pWo  C*  October,  ]i^ 


beheaded  aornniiir 


In  tho  TjTwbil 


tmllr. 


tbecburcholSt.  Mkbnel-la-Bslfn-y 

Savmnba,  ISIT:  bb,  wItt.  EltaibctU 
MicMtor)  Wllsrch.11103.  HarMiIUcbard 
nge  of  olorn,  and  wu  burled  «  Lund  4 

I,md™"iri4inira™'"     ■''■*''''"'''•' 
"  Took  place  la  Novnobrr,  lOol. 


191. 


paver's  marriage  LICBKSBS. 


Date. 

Xame  and  description. 

Xame  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
MatTied. 

1601 

1 

:  Ellis,  William 

Parker,  Alice,  of  Thornton 

Thornton          in 

in    Craven, 

Cravon. 

Wid. 

1601 ;  Walker,Edward,of  St.  Olave's, 

Burbridge,    Alice,    of    St. 

St.  Olave's,  York. 

York 

Olave's,  York 

1 

1601 

Pickard,  William,  of  Frickley 

Elliott,  Jane,  of  Conisboro 

Either  place.         ; 

1601 

Bryan,  Henry,  of  Wragby    ... 

Smedley,      Catherine,       of 
Hemsworth 

Either  place. 

1601 

Wilson,        Humphrey,        of  |  Storth,  Joan,  of  Peniston  ... 

Either  place. 

Almondbury 

1601 

Condie,  Edmund,  of  Wortley, 

Feamley,  Cicely,  of  Wood- 

Tankersley,       or 

Par.  Tankersley, 
Clerk 
Wayno,  Simon,  of  llipon 

kiVk,  Wid. 

Woodkirk. 

1601 

Wetherell,  Ann,  of  Ripon... 

Ripon, 

1601 

Thompson,    Seth.     Vicar    of 

Robinson,      Catherine,     of 

Hornsea. 

Fault 

Hornsea 

1601 

Edwardes,  Lawrence,  of  York, 

Burton,  Catherine,  of  Kirkby 

Kirkby        Over- 

Gent. 

Overblows 

blows. 

1601 

Ellis,  Henrv   

Holirate,  Ann.   of    Elslack. 

Broughton   -   in- 
Craven, 

^^^v^B^^^I^V         ^^V^B   ^^-^K^m^       y                   «9*     ■■■     vvv      vvv     «Va     vSv     Vv# 

Par.    Brough- 

ton-in-Craven, 

Wid. 

1601 

Westerdale,  Christopher  

Thompson,  Dorothy  ,of  Brid- 
lington 

Bridlington. 

1601 

Little,  John,  of  Huddersfield 

Hooke,Margaret,of  Almond- 

Almondbury. 

1601 

Hall,  John,  M.A.,  Rector  of 

Dury                                                   i 
Thompson,  Ann,  of  Swan-  Rise.                      | 

Kise 

land.  Wid.       i 

1601 

Headley,  William,  of  Newton- 

Jackson,  Alice,  of  Newton-  Newton -on-Ouse. ; 

on-Ouse 

on-Ouse           | 

1601 

Nelson,  William,   of  Adding- 

Oglethorpe,  Agnes,  of  Raw-  i  Addingham,      or 

ham 

den,  Far.  Gui- ;      Guiseley.           ^ 
8eley 
Bamford,      Elizabeth,      of  Sheffield.               ! 

1601 

Bamford,  John,  of  Silkston  ... 

Sheffield                                           ! 

1601 

55  Hemsworth,  Gabriel,  of  Gar- 

Beaumont,  Susan,   of  Mir-  Mirfield. 

forth 

field                  1 

1601   100  Brass,     Samuel,    of    New 

Yoward,  Ann,  of  W  esterdalo   Westerdale. 

Malton 

1 

1601 

Harbone,  Ralph,  of  Sutton  . . . 

Berriman,Agne8,  of  Humble- !  Either  place.         ! 

ton,  Wid. 

1601 

Finder,      Edward,      of      St. 

Lund,  Ann,  of  Osbaldwick, 

St.    Saviour's, 

Saviour's,  York 

Wid. 

York. 

1601 

Gott,   Richard,   of  St.  Crux, 

Best,   Alice,   of  St.    Crux,  St.  Crux,  York. 

York 

York 

1601 

Butler,     Robert,      of     New 

Hebblethwaite,  Dinah,  dan'.   Kirkby  Lonsdale, 

Malton 

of  James  H., '     or  St.  Leonard's, 

Myddleton, 

New  Malton. 

Far.  Kirkby 

Lonsdale 

1 

1601 

iPaoon,  Robert,    of  Ferriby, 

Dalton,Ann,  dau'.of  Hobert  St.  Jc)hn*8,Eever-| 

Gent. 

D.,  Gent,   of 
St.       Johns, 

ley. 

Peverley 

w  See  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  529.  Their  son  Gabriel  was  apprenticed  at  York  in  1621  with  bis 
uncle,  Robert  Heini«worth,  Alderman  of  York,  and  married  Sarah  Mauleverer  22  September,  IflSl, 
at  AU  Saints',  Pavement. 

100  Samuel  Brass  is  styled  of  Hilton,  a  chapelry  much  nearer  Westerdale,  in  Dugdale'a  Visita- 
tion, p.  827. 

1  See  Dugdale's  Visitation,  p.  143.     Her  father  was  elder  brother  of  Sir  William  Dalton,  knight. 


PAVER^S  MARRIAGE  LICEKSES. 


195 


Date. 


1601 

1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 

1601 

1601 


1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 

1601 

1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 


Name  and  description. 


HaytoD,      Robert,     son      of  Lowther,  Margaret,  dau'.  of 
Thomas  H.  John    L.,    of 

Shappe,   Dio. 

Carlisle 
Wade,  Anthony,  of  Halifax...   Farrer,  Dorothy,  of  Ell  and 


Name  and  description. 


*  Lowther,     Christopher,     of 

Lowther 
^Lowther,  John,  of  Lowther 

Eidson,  James,  of  Beeston  ... 

QUI,  Geoi^ge,  of  Leeds  


*  Oglethorpe,  William,  of 
Oglethorpe,  Par. 
Bramham 

Wynde,  Edward,  of  Tunstall 


Johnson,  Stephen,  of  All 
Saints*  Pave- 
ment, York 

^  Hammerton,  Edmund     


Boyes,  William,  of  Thornton 
in  Pickering 


Akeroyd,  alicu  Deane,  Stephen 
Binns,  Richard  


*  Dodding,  Miles,  Qent. ,  son  of 
Miles,  D.,  Esq[. 


Homer,  Ralph   

Fox,  John,  of  Stillingfleet    ... 

Thompson,     Christopher,    of 

Otley 
Milnes,  Ralph,  of  Egton 

Greenwood,  Francis   

7Hellard,  Thomas     


Fleming,   Agnes,  of    Gres- 

mer,Prov.York 

Fleming,  Eleanor,  of  Gres- 

mer 
Croft,  Dorothy,  of  Batley... 

Crashaw,  Janet,  of  Medley 

Snawsell,  Juliana,  of  Hut- 
ton,  Par. 
Hipon,  Wid. 

Bell,Elizabeth,  of  Thomgiun- 
bald,  Par. 
Paull,  Wid. 

Gomm  ?  (sic) J  Frances,  of  St. 
Martin's, 
Micklegate, 
York 

Graunt,  Dorothy,  of  Hat- 
field 

Thompson,  Ellen,  dau^  of 
Edmund  T., of 
Glazedale,Par. 
Egton 

Deanc,  Rosamund,  of  Lud- 
dingden 

Hall  ?(*ic),  Mary,  of  Bis- 
hophUl  Sen''., 
York 

Davile,    Ursula,    dau*".    of 
Christopher 
D.,  Gent.,  of 
Coxwold 

Dowgill,  Barbara,  of  Ripon, 
Wid. 

Clarke,  Everill,  of  Stilling- 
fleet 

Thwaytes,  Frances,  of 
ITealev 

Posket^Elieabeth,  of  Whitby 

Atkinson,  Margaret,  of  Els- 

lack 
Cliffe,     Agnes,     of    Agnes 

Burton 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Shappe,  [co. 

Westm.] 


Elland. 

Gresmer,        [cd. 

Westm.] 
Gresmer,         [co. 

Westm.] 
Batley. 

Medley. 

Bramham,         of 
Kipon. 

Thomgumbald,or 
Paull. 

All  Saints*  Pave- 
ment, York. 


Hatfield. 

Thornton  in 

Pickering,     or 
Egton. 

Halifax. 

Bishophill  Sen^, 
York. 

Coxwold. 


Ripon. 

Stillingfleet. 

Marston. 

Either  place. 

Broughton       ju 

Craven. 
Agnes  Burton. 


*  Whether  this  was  Christopher  Ix)Wther,  knighted  16  April,  lOUS.  nearly  three  mouths  belure 
his  father  Richard,  and  Agnes  (Byndloss),  then  wido«r  of  William  Fleming  of  Rydal,  and  still 
living  1610,  it  is  not  easy  to  say.  If  not,  it  may  hare  been  a  licence  for  Sir  Christopher's  son 
Christopher,  B.A.,  Rector  of  Lowther  1611  to  16S7,  and  Agnes,  daughter  of  John  Fleming,  and 
granddaughter  of  the  Agnes  Fleming,  widow.  But  she  eventually  married  George  CoUingwood 
of  Eslington,  co.  Northumberland.  *  This  marriage  took  place. 

♦  Julian,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Mallory  of  Studley  by  UrsuLi  Gale,  married  first  Thomas 
Pnawsell  of  Bilton,  and  afterwards,  as  his  second  wife,  William  Oglethoi-pe  of  Oglethorpe  (Foster's 
Visitations,  pp.  95-275). 

*  Took  place  20  January,  1601-2.    Widow  Hamerton  was  buried  there  9  December,  1626. 

•  He  died  19  April,  1629,  ait  57  (Whitaker's  Richmunshire,  il.,  p.  396 ;  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  215). 
7  She  is  called  Alice  on  p.  118  of  Dugdale's  Visitation,  and  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  531. 


196 


PAVERS  MARRIAGE  LICENSES. 


1601 
1601 
1601 

1601 
IfiOl 

1601 

1601 


Name  and  description. 


"  Best,  James^  of  Hull 


of 


1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 
1601 

1601 
1601 
1601 
1601 


Outhwaite,        Richard, 
Nafferton 

CunniDgham,  Brian,  of  Monk 
Fryston 

Butterfield,  William,  of  Tong 

Teasdale,  Robert,  of  Ald- 
boroiigh,  I*ar. 
Masham 

Knowles,  Tristram,  of  Acaster 
Malbis 

8  Green,  William,  of  Thurn- 
bam,  Par.  Agnes 
Burton,  Gent. 

Milner,  John,  of  Loversall  ... 

Daniell,  Christopher,  of  Wig- 
hill 
Watson,  Richard   

Beaumont,   Richard,  of  Mir- 

field 
Burton,  John,  of  Wistow 


Wimp,  John,  of  Sutton 


Name  and  description. 


WateoD,  William,  of  St.  Samp- 
son's, York 

Butler,  John,  of  Snainton 


^°  Leigh,  Ferdinand,  son  of 
Thomas  L , 
Gent.,  late  of 
Middleton,  dec''. 

Dal  ton,  Jotn,  of  Skipscy 

Elall,  William,  of  Ilovingham 

Stanfield,  Abraham,  of  Wads- 
worth,  Par.  Hep- 
tonstall 

Gibson,  Edward,  of  Hudders- 
field 

MoiTitt,  John,  of  Linton 

Stockton,  Richard,  of  Kirby 
Misperton 

Comwell,  William,  of  Adling- 
fleet 


Baxter,  Clara,  of  Newland... 

Kaye,  Elizabeth,  of  Beswick. 
Wid. 

Banister,  alias  Cunningham, 
Martha,  of 
Monk  Fryston 

White,  Elizabeth,  of  Batley 

Bumiston,  Margaret,  of 
Kipon 

Carter  ?  Corter  ?  (sic),  Jane, 
of  Newton-on- 
Ouse,  Wid. 

Harrison,  Grace,  dau'.  of 
John  H.,  of 
Hixton,  Par. 
Rudston 

Fairbum,  Isabel,  of  ^fex- 
borough,Wid. 

Abbey,  Alice,  of  Bilton, 
Wid. 

Kirk,  Agnes,  of  Holly m    ... 

Kaye,  Ann,  of  Wakefield  ... 

Beaumont,  Mary,  dau"".   of 

William  B.,  of 

Mirfield 
Wilson,   Isabel,  of  Kasing- 

wold 
lies,  Margaret,  of  All  Saints' 

Pavement, 

York 
Taylor,  Barbara,  of  Hutton- 

on-Derwent 
Cart  Wright,  Margery,  dau'. 

of  William  C, 

Gent. 

Acklam,  Elizabeth,  of  Skip- 

sey 
Sadler,  Jane,  of  St.  Dennis, 

York 
Amer,  Alice,  of  Rochdale, 

Wid. 

Fearnley,  Beatrice,  of  Dews- 
bury 

Thompson,  Lucy,  of  Hun- 
singore 

North,  Mary,  of  Butterwick, 
Par.  Barton 

Redhead,  Ann.  now  of  Ad- 
lingfleet,  late 
of  Ludington, 
Dio.  Lincoln 


Where  to  bo 
Maxried. 


Sculcoates. 
Either  place. 
Monk  FrjstoD. 

Either  place. 
Ripon,orMa8ham. 

Either  place. 


Agnes  Burton,  or 
Rudston. 


Either  place. 
Bilton. 
HoUym. 
Either  place. 
Mirfield. 

Easingwold. 

All  Saints*  Pave-; 
ment,  York. 

Either  place. 

Rothwell.  Skip- 
ton,  or  Wad- 
dington. 

Skipsey. 

Either  place. 

Rochdale. 

Dewsbury. 

Newton-on-  Otise, 

or  Hunaingore. 

Kirby  Misperton. 

Adlingfleet. 


»  James  Best's  will  of  1633  names  bis  farmer  wife  Clare,    bee  Best's  Farming  Book,  Surtces 
Society,  p.  151. 
»  Flixton  is  in  the  pariah  of  Folkton.  "  Foster's  Visitations,  p.  45. 


PAYERS  HARRIAOB   LICENSES. 


197 


D*ts. 
1«01 

1                                                                           ; 

Name  and  description.           •         Name  and  description. 

i 

Where  to  bo 
llariied. 

I 

i  Ilarst^  Thomas  Shipley,  Alice,  of  Mirfield 

Mirfield. 

:                                                                                                                      1 
leOl   "  Burdett,  Francis,  of  Birth- ,  Boughton,     Catherine,     of ,  Tankeralej-. 

waite,  Esq. 

Wortley,  Par. 

Tankersley 

1601   u  Anlaby,  Thomas,  of  Etton, 

Hammond,  Sarah,  of  Scar- 

Etton,  or  Saxton. 

Gent 

thingwell,Par. 
Saxton,  Wid. 

1602 

fiich,  James   

Dalton.  Elizabeth,  dau^  of 

Skipsey. 

,  ^  *#••«■ 

Janet  D.,Wid. 

of  Skipsey 

1 1602 

Greenwood,  Robert,  of  Wood- 

Helliwell,  Jane,  of  Woodkirk 

Woodkirk. 

kirk 

1602 

Welles.  Laurence  

Warde.  Grace,  dau''.  of  Doro- 

Worsall 

A  W^Vm 

W  V    ^P**^^***      ^M^n^  «»•  ^^•^  ^m  ^m          ••••■9*4a    •••    ■•• 

thy  W.,  alias 

w  f   \#A  ij^i^iia 

Cocke.ofWor- 

sall.  Par.  Nor- 

thallerton 

1602 

Walker,  Edward,  of  Croswait 

Rayner,  Dionysia,  of  Wake- 

Wakefield. 

field 

1602 

Taylor,  Robert,  of  Westow  ... 

Jewitsun,     Ann,    dau^    of 
Christopher  J. 
of  Emthorpe, 
Lund 

Lund. 

1602 

Green,  Coman,  of  Towston, 

Winterburn,  Alice,  of  Sea- 

Whitkirk. 

Par.  Newton-le- 

croft,       Par. 

WiUows 

Whitkh-k 

1602 

"  Eethell,  Walter,  of  Lincohi's 

Slingaby,    Mary,    dau'.    of 

Moor  Monkton. 

Inn,  Esq. 

Henry  S.,   of 
Moor    Monk- 

ton,  Esq. 

1602 

j 

^*  Hammerton,     Stephen,    of 
Long  Preston 

Vavasour,  Maiy,  of  Weston 

Weston. 

|1602 

1 

jilawer,  James    Elmer,  Elizabeth,  of  Leeds 

Leeds. 

1 

;  1602 

Hoopes,  John,  of  Brotton Foslgate,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Chris- 

Either  place. 

t 

topher  P.,  of 

Whitby 

1602 

Jordan,  William 

Thomlinson,  Alice,  of  Hull 

Holy  Trinity,  or 
St.        Mary's, 
Hull. 

1602 

Blithe,  Thomas,  of  Bilton 

Abbey,  Margery,  of  Bilton 

Bilton. 

1602 

Anderson,  Edward,  of  Wrawby, 

Bumopp,  Middy?  {sic),  of 

Gisborough. 

Dio.  Lincoln 

Gisborough 

1602 

Warde,  Robert,  of  Bradtield 

Eastwood,  Elizabeth,  dan'. 

Eirkburton, 

of  Percival  E., 

Bradfield,  or 

of      Cumber- 

Cumberworth. 

1 

worth 

!  1602 

Clarke,  Richard,  of  Braithwell, 

Walker,  Margaret,  of  Wake- 

Wakefield. 

( 

Clk. 

field 

11  Foster's  VisiUtinns,  p.  338. 

u  Widow  of  Bryxn  Hammond,  who  died  11  April,  1601.  Correct  Dugdale's  Visitation,  p.  334  ' 
thus  :  John  Anlaby  was  not  her  son.  but  was  Ixiptized  at  Etton  3  December,  1592,  beini(  second 
■on  of  Ursvda  Palmer.    His  elder  brother  William  was  buried  11  August,  160i. 

's  Sec  Dugdale's  Visitation,  p.  155.  Their  duughter  Mary,  baptixed  at  Bishop  Wilton  20  Novem- 
l)cr,  1616,  married,  31  January,  1636-7,  at  St  Michael  leBelfror,  York,  my  ancestor.  Thomas 
Hesketh  of  Heslington,  buried  15  February,  1653-4,  at  St.  Lawrence.  York  (see  Drake's  Eboracum, 
p.  2S3,  for  his  monumental  inscription).  Their  son  Walter  Bethell  was  buried  16  November) 
1686,  in  the  same  church.  Thus  a  correction  may  ba  made  in  the  date  of  their  monumental 
in5<cription8  given  in  Drake's  Eboracum,  pp.  252,  253. 

i*  Foster's  Visitatious,  p.  5'J6. 


198 


PAVER  S   MARRIAGE   LICENSES. 


Date. 


1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 


1602 
1602 
1602 


1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 

1602 

1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 


Name  and  deacription. 


Barker,  Robert 


Cooke,  Martin,  of  Keyingham 

Bateman,  Thomas,  of  Old 
Hutton,  CO. 
Weatm'*. 

Taylor,  Thomas,  son  of  John 
T.,  of  Newland, 
Par.  Drax 


Thompson,  Thomas,  son  of 
Lawrence  T.,  of 
Kirk  Levington 

1^  Fairfax,  Nicholas,  son  of 
Cuthbert  F.,  of 
Acaster,  Qent. 

Lindsey,  John,  son  of  John  L., 
Hector  of  Sigs- 
ton 

Spencer,  Thomas,  Weaper 

Ringrose,  Robert   

Parker,  Gilbert  

Parker,  George  


Name  and  deaoription. 


*^  Simpson,  William,  of  Ryton, 
Par.  Kirby  Mis- 
perton,  Gent. 

Dobson,  Richard,  of  Great 
Habton 

Spence,  Thomas,  son  of  Miles 
S.,  of  Aysgarthe 

Peele,  Thomas,  of  Bolton  by 
Bowland 

Nandick,  William?  son  of 
Richard  N.,  of 
Coxwold 

^'  Hunter,  Anthony, Gent. 


Thornton,  William 


Middleton,  Mabel,  of  Middle- 
ton  in  Cleve- 
land 

Starke,  Alice,  of  Ottringham 

Rishworth,  Elizabeth,  dau^ 
of  Robert  R., 
of  Wakefield 

Nelson,  Mary,  dau'.  of  Mar* 
garet  Taylor, 
alias  Nelson, 
of  Rodiffe, 
Par.  Snaith 

Edwarde,  Dorothy,  dau'.  of 
John  K,  of 
Winston 

Hungate,Jane,dau^  of  Ralph 
H.,  of  Sand- 
hutton 

Wright,  alias  Gibson,  Mary, 
reputed  dau'. 
of  Robert  W., 
of  Harlsey 

Smith,  Ellen,  of  Humbleton 


Buck,  Catherine,  Wid. 

Yates,  Ellen  

Yates,  Agnes 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Middleton         in 
Cleveland. 

Either  place. 

Kirby      Kendall, 
Wakefield,     or! 
Uorbury. 

Drax,  or  Snaith. 


Beswick,  John,  of  Almond- 
bury 

Sparrey,  Henry,  of  Dudley 
Castle.  CO.  Staf- 
ford, Yeoman 

Burton,  Thomas    


Mason,  Ann,  of  Welham,  Par. 
Norton 

Lowcopp  ?  Lowcock,  Alice, 
of  Middleton 

Metcalfe,  Jane,  dau**.  of 
Stephen  M.,  of 
West  Witton 

Parker,  Rosamund,  dau'.  of 
Edward  P.,  of 
Slaidbum 

Haldore,  Ann,  of  Coxwold 


Bawne,  Dorothy,  dau^  of 
Ann  Salvin, 
alias  Bawne, 
of  Skerne. 

Wade,  Mabel,  of  Harwood 

Campinet,  Mary,  of  Hud- 
dersfield,  Wid. 

Clarke,  Margaret,  servant  to 
Robert  Harri- 
son, of  St. 
Crux,  York 

Snell,  Dorothy,  of  Nafferton, 
Wid. 


Kirk  Levington.  | 
Sandhutton. 


Winston,  or  East 
Harlsey. 


Humbleton. 

South  Dalton,  or 

Camaby. 
Kilbum,  or  Top- 

cliffe. 
Kilbum,  or  Top 

clilTe. 
Norton. 


Kirby  Misperton, 

or  Middleton. 
West  Witton. 


Slaidbum. 

Coxwold. 

Skerne. 

Harwood. 
Huddersfield. 
St.  Crux,  York. 

Nafi*erton. 


»  See  Dugrdale'8  Visitation,  p.  230. 
^7  Took  place  1  August,  1002. 


16  Took  place  1  May,  1602. 


PAVERS   MABRIAQE   LICENSES. 


199 


Data. 
1602 

Name  and  description. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

Bum,  Edward,  of  Spaunton, 

Smith,  Mary,  of  Edston   ... 

Edston. 

Par.  Lastingham 

1602 

Waterhouse,  Ralph,  of  Batlej 

lckringill,Grace,of  Eildwick 

Kildwick. 

1602 

^'•Greave,  Richard 

Thompson,  Mary, of  Halifax, 
Wid. 

Halifax. 

1602 

Marshall,   Leonard,   of    Tad- 

Normanville,  Isabel,  of  Bol- 

Bolton Percy. 

caster 

ton  Percy 

1602 

Uarland,  Edmund,  of  Well  ... 

Whitlin,  Margaret,  of  Pick- 
hall 

PickhaU. 

1602 

Naylor,    Edward,     of     East 

Page,  Mary,  dau'.  of  Henry 

Emley,    or    East 

Ardsley 

P.,   of  Moor- 
houses,     Par. 
Emley 
Scott,  Elizabeth,  of  Slaid- 

Ardsley. 

1602 

Brennand,   James,    of    Slaid- 

Slaidbum. 

bum 

bum 

1602 

»7b  Hall,  William,  of  Campaall 

Huscroft,  Ursula,  of  Ku-k- 
burton,  Wid. 

Either  place. 

1602 

Marton,  Joseph 

Gamble,    Alice,    dau'.     of 
George  G.,  of 
Rothwell 

Rothwell. 

1602 

Winchester,  Thomas,  of  Hull 

Smith,  Jane,  of  Paull,  Wid. 

Holy       Trinity, 
Hull. 

1602 

Crowle,  Thomas,  of  Batley  ... 

Allan,  Margaret,  of  Birstall 

Birstall. 

1602 

Brandsby,  William,  of    Oke- 

Williamson,  Jane,  of  Thirsk, 

Over    Silton,    or 

bank,  Par.  Over 

Wid.  ?  («c) 

Thirsk. 

Silton 

1602 

Smith,  Barnard,  of  Halifax  ... 

Clemishaw,  Mary,  of  Enares- 

bro' 
Hanson,  Margaret,  of  Wath- 

Either  place. 

1602 

Addy,  John,  son  of  John  A.... 

Wath-on-Dearn. 

on-Dearn 

1 

160'' 

Cawton.  Thomas    

Pinkney,Ann,dau'.  of  James 
P.,  of  Thirsk 

Sowerby,       Par. 
Thirsk. 

X  w«» 

^^WV  TV     «F>^**B        ^»  m^^^  •^kAV^^^V                •■■•••••••••••• 

1602 

1^  Rawden,  George,  of  Hawden, 

Booth,  Jane,  of  Ecdesfield, 

Bradford. 

Par.     Guiseley, 

Par.  Bradford, 

Gent. 

Wid. 

1602 

Wood,  Roger,  of  Mearby,  Par. 

Eamshaw,  Alice,   dau*".  of 

Heptonstall. 

Clitheroe 

Edward  E.,  of 
Mankingholes, 
Par.   Hepton- 
stall 

1602 

Turner,  John,  of  Himsworth 

Simpson,  Alice,  of  Crofton 

Either  place. 

1602 

^'  Gower.  Marmaduke    

Babthorpe,    Thomasin,    of 

Garton. 

1602 

Atkinson,    William,    son    of 

Gar  ton 
Lightfoot,  Jane,  of  Linton 

Patelybridge,    or 

Henry    A.,     of 

in  Craven 

Linton  in  Cra- 

Oxen  Close,   in 

ven. 

Dacre    Pasture, 

Par.         Pately- 

bridge 

1602 

»CatteraU,  Richard,of  HoUym 

Knowesley,  Isabel,  of  Burton 

Fleming 
Kaye,  Isabel,  dau^  of  Robert 

Either  place. 

1602 

Shutt,  Nicholas,  of  Wetherby 

Cowihorpe. 

K.,   of    Cha- 

worth 

17*  Took  place  at  Kirkburtou,  1  June,  1602.  ^'^  Took  place  at  Halifax  20  May,  1002. 

1*  His  seeond  wife,  daughter  of  ... .  Stanhope. 

>•  See  Poulson'a  Holdemess,  ii.,  p.  51 .   His  mother  was  dautirhter  of  Thomas  Metham  of  BamhiU 
(Foater'a  Visitations,  p.  100).  »  See  Foster's  YisitaUons,  p.  502. 


200 


PAVEBS  MARIUAGB   LICENSES. 


Date. 


1602 


1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 


Ntime  and  description. 


^Wastell,   Thomaa,   of  Dio. 
York 


Cooke,  Henry. 


Calverley,  Lawrence,  Gent,  of 

Birkin 
^Langton,  John,  of  Winterton, 

CO.  Lincoln 
Scayley,  Richard,  of  Croome, 

Fur,  Sledmere 
Tbackray,  William    


Megson,  William,  of  Ruston... 


Kame  and  description. 


Where  to  bo 
Married. 


1602   Wood,  Richard,  of  Himsworth 


1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 


1602 
1002 
1602 
1602 
1602 


Sherlock,  Oswald,  of  Whitgift 

Dunwell,  Richard*  sen*'.  ?,  (sic) 

of  Otley 
Harper,  William,  of  Kiln  wick, 

near  Watton 
Wilson,  Henry,  of  Catterick 


Browne,  Thomas,  of  Newsome, 
Par.KirbyWisk 

2»Greville,  Fulke,  of  Thorpe 

Latimer,  Gent. 
Cockin,  Richard,  of  Arksey  ... 


Tumer,ChriBtopher,of  Thorpe, 
Par.  Whitkirk 


Warde,   Tristram,    of    Kirby 

Knowie 
Leach,  William,  of  Newark  ... 

Newsome,    Richard,    of     St 

Crux,  York 
Lockwoody  Thomas,  of  Wath 

^  Constable,  John,  son  of  Jo- 
seph C,  Esq.,  of 
Kirby  Knowie 


Pulleyne,  Elisabeth,  dau^  of 
Henry  P.,   of 
St.    Martin's, 
ConeystreeL 
York 

Higgin,  Grace,  of  Askem, 
Par.  Campsall 

Webster,Elizabeth,of  Ferry- 
bridge, Wid. 

Wormley,  Jane,  of  Marfleet 

Appleton,  Ann,  of  Goodman- 
ham,  Wid. 

Cooper,  alias  Smith,  Ann, 
dau^  of  Rich- 
ard S. 

Wilbert,  Jane,  of  Garton  on 

Wolds 

Stables,  Isabel,  of  Pontefract 

Harrison,  Ann,  of  Bubwith 

Gill,Euphemia,dau'.ofJohn? 

G.,  of  Addle 
Prattle,  Mary,  of  Wawne ... 

Bellingham,  Elizabeth,  dau'. 

of  Thomas  a,of 

Dunham,  Prov. 

York 
Bulmer,  Mary,  of  Thomton- 

le-Street 

Bosville,  Mary,  of  Sprot- 
borough,  Wid. 

Fletcher,  Bridget,  dau'.  of 
WUliam  F.,  ot 
Billam,  Par. 
Bamboroagh 

Norton,a7icu  Clayton,Mercy, 
dau^  of  Ma- 
rion ?  («c)  N., 
alias  C,  of 
Thornhill 

Hunter,  Ann,  of  Cottingham, 
Wid. 

Flint,  Joan,  of  Newark 

Harper,  Elizabeth,  of  Sher- 
bum,  Wid. 

Bowes,  Mary,  of  West  Ret- 
ford 

Hawksworth,   Isabel,  dau'. 
ofWaltefH.,of 
Hawksworth, 
Par.  Otlev 


St  Martm*s,  Co 
neystreet, 
York. 


CampealU 

Burkhi,  or  Wate] 

Fryston. 
Marfleet 

Goodmanbam. 

Kirkby       Otw. 

blowa,orStain< 

bum. 
Either  plaoe. 

Either  plaoau 

Either  place. 

Either  plaoe. 

Kilnwiok. 

Either  place. 


Kirby  Wiak,  or 
Thornton  •  le  • 
Street 

Sprotborough. 

Arksey,  or  Bm- 
borough. 


Thornhill, 
Whitkirk, 


or 


Cottingham,     or 

Skidby. 
Newark         [Co. 

NotU]. 
Either  place. 

Either  place. 

Kirby  Knowie  or 


Ot 


ley. 


>i  Took  place  '."J  June,  iwi. 


»  She  was  daughter  of  Cbristopber  Wormley  of  Hull,  by  Elizabeth  Hogg«  of  Marfloet 
**  Hunter'H  siouth  YorkHhire,  il.,  p.  S40.  says  thia  marriage  took  place  16  July,  1002.    She  mm 
daughter  of  Christopher  Copley  of  Wadworth,  by  Suaon.  daughter  of  Hugh  Creaay. 
**  See  Foster's  Viaitationa,  pp.  08, 290.  The  marrlogo  Is  not  noted  in  Dugdale't  Yialtatloci,  fk  Uk 


PAYXBS  laBBIAQB  LICENSES. 


201 


Date. 
1602 

Xamo  and  desoription. 

Name  and  description. 

Where  to  be 
Married. 

Mood  jy  Ed  ward,  of  Ripon    . . . 

Wilkinson,  Margaret,  dau**. 

Huntington. 

of  Peter  W., 

ofTholthorjSe, 

Par.  Hunting- 

ton 

ieo2 

Ifilner,  Alexander,  of  Harthill 

Birkett,  Catherine,  of  Great 
Markham, 
Wid. 

Either  place. 

1602 

*  Grimesditch,  Henry,  of  Hud- 

Kaye,    Elizabeth,     of    St. 

Saxton,    or     St. 

dle8ton,Par.  Sax- 

Cuthbert^s, 

Cuthbert's, 

ton,  Qent. 

York.  Wid. 

York. 

1602 

Parker,  John,  of  Patrington, 
Teoman 

Boyes,  Jane,  of  Welton 

Patrington. 

1602 

Moxon,  Ralph,  Curate  of  Low- 

Dickson,  Margaret,  dau*^.  of 

Either  place. 

thorpe 

Margaret   D., 
Wid.,  of  Agnes 
Burton 

1602 

Knowaley,    William,    son    of 

Constable,  Elizabeth,  dau'. 

Burton  Fleming, 

Richard    K.,  of 

of  Ann  C,  of 

Sherburn,      or 

Burton  Fleming 

Sherbum 

Hartlith 
T  Hackness. 

1602 

Woodroffe,  George,    of    Long 

Latham,       Catherine,       of 

Ottringham. 

Raiston.  Gent. 

Ottringhani 

1602 

Brooke,  Leonard,  of  St.  Crux, 

Harrison,      Elizabeth,      of 

Either  place. 

York 

Soawby,  Wid. 

1602 

^»  Liveraedge,  Edward,  of  Bir- 

Denton,  Grace,  of  Hudders- 

Birstall. 

Btall 

field 

1602 

Strangewaya,  H  eDry,of  Whitby, 

Conyers,      Catherine,      of 

Scawby. 

Gent. 

Scawby,  Wid. 

1602 

Frankland,  Robert,of  Clitheroe 

Tiister,  Janet,dau'.  of  I'homas 

Either  place. 

Castle 

L.,  of  Mitton 

1602 

Parker,  Oswald,  son  of  John  ? 
P. 

Crosby.  Mary 

Sutton  Forest,  or 

^  ^0  ^^«» 

X^^  ^^w*  ^^  J   ■       ^»»^w^^  J        ■••    ••••••••••••••• 

Alne. 

1602 

8«Wa8tell,  Edward,   of  New- 

Pulleyne, Ann,dau'.of  Henry 

St   Martin's,  Co- 

castle, Merchant 

P.,  of  St.  Mar- 

ney-street, 

tin's,    Coney- 

York. 

street,  York 

1602 

^Cock,    Thomas,    Rector   of 

Dighteron,  Lenox,    of    St. 

St.   Saviour's, 

Helmsley-on- 

Saviour's, 

York. 

Hill 

York. 

1602 

RifiTflT.  Johni   

T<acy,  Agnes,  of  Heptonstall 
Jackson,  Barbara,  dau'.  of 

Heptonstall. 
St.    Margaret's, 

1602 

**  Eelsey,  John,  of  Epworth, 

Dio.  Lincoln 

James  J.,  of 
St.Margaret's, 
York 

York. 

1602 

Stabley,  Thomas   

Walker,    Agnes,    dau'.    of 
Wilfred  W.,  of 
Birstall 

Birstall 

1602 

Kendall,  William,  of  Swine  ... 

Ranson,  Jane,  of  Humbleton 

Humbleton. 

1602 

Hall,  Christopher 

Ross,  Margaret,  of  Gargraye, 
Wid. 

Gargraye. 

^%#^^4W 

^M^»V^  A^  •        ^^m^t^  mm^  ^^^  mr  ^t^^^'^         •••■••••«*•*    ■•• 

1602 

Sowerby,    Thomas,     son     of 

Greningham,  Ann,  of  Ho- 

Either  place. 

Thomas    S.,    of 

yingham 

Slingsby 

1602 

Gamble.  P4»-lph  .,■-.,---... 

Skerrey.  Jennet,  of  Fewston. 

FAmraton. 

^  ^0^^  av 

Wid. 

»  Took  place  at  8t  Cuthbert's  30  July,  1002. 

>*•  Took  place  5  August,  1602.  *>  Took  place  10  August,  1602. 

"f  Took  place  11  August,  1602.    She  ifl  called    Lenuxa  Dighton,  widow.*' 

*  Took  place  15  August,  1602. 

TOL.  X.  P 


202 


payer's  marbiaqe  liobksss. 


Date. 

1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 


1602 


1602 


1602 

1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 

1602 

1602 

11602 

I 
I 

il602 
1602 


Name  and  description. 


Browne,  Edward,  of  Branting- 

ham 
Banisteri  Alan,  of  Bracewell.  . 


Keld,  George 


Corner,  Robert,  son  of  Robert 
C. 


Holmes,  Robert,  son  of  George 
H.,  of  Hampa- 
thwaite 

23  Thorpe,  Robert,  son  of  Ro- 
bert T.,  of 
Ferriby 


Walton,  Lancelot,  of  Sutton 
Grange,  Par. 
Rjpon 

Wright,  John,  of  Keighley  ... 


Bayram,   Richard,   of    Wors- 

borough 
Newton,  Mathew,  of  Sandall 

Magna 
Jobson,  Thomas,  of  Heworth 


Ridley,  Robert,  ot  Ingleby  ... 

30  Monson,  Robert,  of  Carlton 
Dio.  Lincoln, 
Esq. 

Smithson,  Thomas,  of  Flashy, 
Par.  Qargrave 

Monk,  Richard,  of  Barnolds* 
"wick 

Sillibam,  Richard,  of  Ormesby 


31  Clayton,  Daniel 


Name  and  description. 


Dodson,  Robert,  son  of  John  ? 

D.,    of    Horton 

in  Ribblesdale 
Driver,    son    of  John  D.,  of 

Harden,       Par. 

Thornton 


Whitwell,  Dorothy,  of  New 
Malton 

Banister,  Bridget,  dau'.  of 
Ralph  B.,  of 
Bamoldswick 

Ellet,  Agnes,  of  Bishop 
Burton 

Jackson,  Ann,  dau'.  of  Jane 
J.,  of  Ayr- 
some,  Par. 
Acklam 

Forrest,  Elizabeth,  of  Few- 
ston,  Wid. 

Halliwell,  Margaret,  dau^  of 
James  H.,  of 
St.       John's. 
Mioklegate, 
York 

Dawson,  Margaret,  of  Azer- 
ley.  Par.  Kirk- 
by  Walzeard, 
Wid. 

Holmes,  Margaret,  dau'.  of 
Christopher 
H.,     of     Ha- 
T/orth 

Crok,  Margaret,  of  Horbury 

Scholey,Christabella,  of  San- 
dall Magna 

Taylor,      Ann,      dau^     of 

Mathew  T.,  of 

WestHauxwell 

Morley,  Isabel,  of  Gis- 
borough,  Wid, 

Savillo,  Sarah,  of  Wakefield, 
Wid. 

Stoddard,  Agnes,  of  Salter- 
forth,  Par.  Bar- 
noldswick,  Wid. 

Baxter,  Jane,  dau'.  of  Mar- 
garet B.,  of 
Bamoldswick 

Rochester,  Margaret,  dau'. 
ofLaurenceR., 
of  Stokesley 

Methwold,  Dorothy,  of 
Wakefield 

Browne,  Ann,  of  Kirkby 
Malham,  Wid. 

Lofthouse,  Lucy,  dau^.  of 
AgnesL.,Wid. 
of  Elslack 


Where  to  be 
Harried. 


New  Malton. 
Elither  place. 

Bishop  Burton. 

Acklam  in  Cleye- 

land,     or     St. 

Martinis,     Co- 

neystreet, 

York. 
Blither  place. 

St.  John's,  Mickle- 
gate,  York. 


Ripon  or  Kirkby 
Walseard. 


Either  placo. 


Wakefield    or 

Horbury. 
Sandall  Magna. 

West  Hauxwell, 


Gisborough. 
Wakefield. 

Barnoldswick. 

Bamoldswick. 
Either  place. 

Wakefield. 

Horton    in    Rib- 
blesdale. 

Thornton,  or 

Broughton     in 
Craven. 


«  Took  place  30  Augiist,  lfi02. 

*>  She  waa  Sarah,  daughter  of  Richard  Clavton,  widow  of  T))oma8  SayiUe,  by  whom  she  ba4 
four  children.    By  her  second  husband  ehe  had  fiya  daughters. 
9^  firother  of  Sarah  Clayton  (Foster's  Visi^tions,  p,  $04). 


PAYER  g  HABBUOE  LICENSES. 


208 


Date. 


1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 

1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 


Name  and  description. 


Muigatroyd,  Henry 


Hunter,  Richard,  of  Foston- 
on-Wolda 

Greenwood,  Thomas,  son  of 
John  1(sic),  G., 
of  Stansfield 

Hampton,  Christopher,  of 
Catwick 


Procter,    Thomas,    8en^    of 
Hamondhead, 
Par.  Clapham 

Clarke,  John?    

Cooke,  John,  son,  of  John  ?  C, 
of  Whitby 

^Eempe,  Caleb,  D.D.,  Vicar 
of  Bradford 

Frank,  Stephen,  of  Bingley 

Hutcninson,  John 


Name  and  description. 


Where  to  be 
Married. 


Galland,    Francis,     of     Gis- 

borough 
Hanghton,  Thomas,  of  Mitton 

Cookson,  Michael,  of    Conis- 

borough,  Gent. 
Hobton,  Percival,  of  Silkston 

^Parker,  Giles,  of  Horrock- 
forth,  CO.  Lan- 
caster, Gent. 

Crispin,  Amos    

Sheppard,  William,  Clerk 

Foxton,  Hobert,  of  Parlington  ? 


Thompson,  Geoffrey,  of  Bum- 
sail 
Millikin,  Richard,  of  Batley 


Anderson,  John. 


Thompson,  Lawrence,  of 
Langton 

Askham,  William^  of  Castle- 
ford 

Lancaster,  John  ?  

Thofpe,  Bichard,  of  Mitton, 
Yeoman 


Wilson,  Grace,  of  Warley... 

Wilton,  Rose?  of  Beford, 
Wid. 

Farrer,  Hester,  dau'.  of  Wil- 
liam F.,  of 
Eringden.Par. 
Heptonstall 

Matthison,  Elizabeth,  dau^ 
of  John  M., 
Rector  of 
Barmston 

Taylor,  Margaret,  of  West 
Bradfortb, 
Wid. 

Bland,  Janet,  of  Bumsall, 
Wid. 

Blake,  Jane,  dau^.  of  Mar- 
garet B.,  of 
Lithe,  Wid. 

lister,  Phoebe,  dau'  of 
Thomas  L.,  of 
Ovenden 

Waterhouse,  Margaret,  of 
Birstall,  Wid. 

Browne,  Sarah,  of  Bridling- 
ton 

Maflam,  Isabel,  of  Gis- 
borough.Wid. 

Crummock,  Elizabeth,  of 
Whalley,  Sp'. 

Ridley,  Catherine,  of  Kel- 
lington,  Wid. 

Rogers,  Elizabeth,  of 
Bingley 

Lister,  Ann,  dau^  of 
LaurenceL.,of 
Thorn  ton, Esq. 

Warde,  Sarah,  of  Hull 

Ellerton,  Catherine,  of  Ap- 
pleton 

Bossall, dau'.  of  Richard 

B.,  Rector  of 
Thweng 

Hardcastle,  Margaret,  of  Lin- 
ton, Wid. 

Page,  Grace,  dau'.  of  Henry 
P.,  of  Emley 

Sayer,  Ann,  of  Hull  

Lowells,  Joan,  of  Langton 

Scholefield,  Bfargery,  of 
Rothwell 

Cooke,  Margaret,  of  Gis- 
bum 

Hall,  Ann,  of  Mitton,  Sp'. 


Warley. 
Either  place. 
Heptonstall. 

Either  place. 

Clapham. 

Bumsall. 
Whitby,orLythe. 

Bradford,  or 

Halifax. 

Bingley. 

Bridlington. 

Qisborough. 

Mitton. 

Either  place. 

Either  place. 

Thornton. 


Holy        Trinity, 

Hull. 
Apple  ton. 

Bumby. 


Either  place. 

Batley. 

Holy        Trinity, 

Hull 
Langton. 

Either  place. 

Gisburo. 

Mitton. 


fi*  Took  place  at  Halifax  8  NoTember,  1002  (J.  L.). 


«*  foster  •  VUiUtionB.  p.  290. 

P  2 


204 


payer's  mabriage  licenses. 


Date. 


Name  and  description. 


1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 


Name  and  description. 


1602 
1602 
1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 

1602 
1602 


1602 

1602 
1602 
1602 


Hindsley,  John,  of   Latham, 

Par.      Aughton, 

Yeoman 
Shore,  Gervas,  of  Hutton  Pag- 

nel 
Green,  Ralph,  of  Thomgum- 

bald 
Milnos,  Leonard,  of  Foston 

Hartley,  Robert,  son  of  John 
H.,of  Admergill, 
Par.  Colne 

Gardiner,  Thomas,  of  Plomp- 
ton 

Leeming,  Robert,  of  Harro- 
gate,Par.Knare8- 
borough 

Spink,  Peter 


Briggs,  James,  son  of  Miles  B., 

of  Wakefield 
Drake,  William 

Middleton,Thoma8,of  Carlton, 

Par.  Snaith 
••^  Wentworth,     Leonard,      of 

Adwick-le-Street, 

Gent. 

Goodale,  William 

^  Pank  ?  («c),  William,  of  St. 
Helen's,  Stone- 
gate,  York 

Riohardson,  Robert,  of  Bils- 
dale 

Knowies,  Robert,  of  Hinder- 
skelfe 


Nixon,  Gilbert,  of  Holy 
Trinity,  King's 
Court,  York 

Sugden,  Leonard,  of  llkley 

Nelthorpe,  John,  of  Ryther 

Roberts,  Michael,  of  St.  Crux, 
York 


Chambers,  Mury,  of  Evering* 
ham,  Sx>^ 

Battersby,  Margaret,  of 
Hutton  Pagnel 

Skeffling,  Lettice,  of  Pat- 
trington 

Auston,  Jane,  of  Askham 
Bryan 

Watson,  Bridget,  dau'.  of 
William  W.  of 
Thornton 

Dobson,  Elisabeth,  of  Golds- 
borough 

Grange,  Alice,  of  East 
Witton 

Sunley,  Elizabeth,  of  York 


Where  to  bo 
Married. 


Ward?  Waid  (sic),  Janet,  of 
Adingham 

Whittaker,  Martha,  of  Hali- 
fax, Wid. 

Wigley,  Margaret,  of  Selby 

Viccars,   alias  Cartwright, 
Ursula,        of 
Brodsworth, 
Wid. 

Dyson,  Mabel,  of  Tong 

Jones,  Dorothy,  of  St.  Mi- 
chael's-le-Bel- 
frey,  York 

Robinson,  Elizabeth,  of 
Hawnby 

Bird,   Ann,  Sp'.,  dau'.    of 
Thomas 
Knowles  (sic), 
ofSheriffHut- 
ton 

Fawden,Mary,  of  St.  Mary's, 
Costlegate, 
York 

Midgley,  Isabel,  of  Addle... 

Jackson,  Jennet,  of  Wistow 

Cole,  Jane,  of  St.  Mary's, 

Castlegate, 
York,  Wid. 


Aughton,  or 

Kveringham. 

Hutton  PagneL 

Faull,  or  Thom- 

gumbald. 
Foston. 

Colne,  or  Thorn- 
ton. 

Spofforth,         or 
Goldsborough. 
Knaresborough. 


St  Michael's, 
Spurriergate,or 
StMichaelVk- 
Belfrey,  York. 

Adingham. 


Halifax. 

Carlton, 

Snaith. 
Either  place. 


Par. 


Tong. 

St  Helen's,  Stone- 
gate,  York. 

Either  place. 

Sheriff  Hutton. 


St.    Mary's.   Cas- 
tlegate^ York. 

Either  place. 

Wistow. 

St.    Mary's,   Cas- 
tlegate, York. 


M  Leonard,  son  of  Thomas  Wentworth  of  Noi-th  ElmsalU  by  Anne  Calverley,  has  been  omitted 
in  Hunter'B  South  Yorkshire,  i.,  p.  454.  He  buried  his  wife  Margaret  9  July,  1002,  and  married 
again  30  November,  1002,  Ursula,  widow  of  Bamaby  Vicars,  aliat  Cartwright,  of  Scawsby,  wboM 
daughter  Alice  married.  14  October,  1600,  John  Rawson  of  Pickbum.  Perhaps  Ursula  was  his 
second  wife.  Barnaby  Vicars,  probably,  and  Robert  Cartwright,  certainly,  were  brothers  of  the 
benefactor  and  founder  of  an  extensive  charity,  Thomas  Vicars,  who  made  his  will  10  June,  16»7, 
appointing  as  one  of  his  trustees  Leonard  Wray.  the  husband  of  his  sister  UrsuU  Vicars,  from 
which  marriage  1  descend,  through  the  families  of  Yarburgh,  Constable,  and  Best. 

9*  WUliam  Parker,  notary  pubUc,  and  Dorothy  Joynes  married  at  St  Helen's  23  Kovember,  1002. 


ELLAND     CHURCH. 

By  JOHN  WILLIAM   CLAY. 

(OONTINUSD  VROM  P.  116.) 

When  the  church  was  reseated  some  years  since  the 
gravestones  were  covered  over.  A  list,  however,  was  taken 
of  them,  which  is  in  the  hands  of  the  rector,  the  Rev.  F. 
Musson.  The  following  is  a  copy,  omitting  those  names 
^Wch  are  ou  the  monuments  already  given  :- 

Here  lieth  interred  the  body  of  Mary  ^  the  wife  of  Charles  Radcliffe^'  of 
Whittel  Place  Elland  who  departed  this  life  the  3^  day  of  March  1741 
in  the  73^  year  of  her  age.  Also  the  body  of  the  said  Charles  Radcliffe 
who  died  the  19**»  day  of  October  1749  in  the  73^  year  of  his  age.  Also 
of  Ann  Radcliflfe  their  daughter  who  died  the  16'^  of  June  1751, 
aged  42  years. 

In  memory  of  John  Brook  innkeeper  of  this  town  who  departed  this  life 
on  the  first  day  of  August  1819  in  the  66***  year  of  his  age.  Also  Hannah 
wife  of  Nathaniel  Bates  of  Scarr  Head  in  Norland  and  daughter  of  the 
above  who  departed  this  life  on  the  27*^  day  of  October  1848  aged  65 
years.  Also  the  above  said  Nathaniel  Bates  who  departed  this  life  on 
the  21"*  day  of  August  1839  aged  63  years. 

Here  lieth  the  remains  of  the  body  of  Sarah  the  wife  of  John  Pitchforth 
who  died  May  the  12***  1819  in  the  66  th  year  of  her  age.  Also  the  above 
said  John  Pitchforth  who  departed  this  life  in  the  3^  day  of  October 
1832  aged  75  years. 

John  Oldfield  from  the  Outlane  1768.  Also  the  body  of  Elizabeth 
Oldfield  wife  of  John  Oldfield  of  Outlane  who  departed  this  life  on  tho 
3*  day  December  1784  in  the  79***  year  of  her  age.  Also  the  body  of 
James  the  son  of  Duncan  Mclntyre  of  Outlane  who  departed  this  life  the 
7th  day  of  August  1786  in  the  23"^  year  of  his  age.  Also  John  the  son 
of  the  above  said  Duncan  Mclntyre  who  departed  this  life  the  8***  day  of 
June  1787  in  the  23^  year  of  his  age.     Also  here  lyeth  the  remains  of 

^  Daughter  of  George  Carr  of  Kirk-  brother  of  William  Radcliffe,  who  settled 

heaioD.  at  Milnsbridge  (see  Mr.  G.  W.  Tomlin- 

**   Son    of   Rev.     "William    Radcliffe,  son's  notes,  vol.  vii.  p.  426  of  the  Jowrna/), 

minister  of  Thorpe  Salvin  and  forty  years  and  had  an  only  son,  William,  of  Whittel 

Hector  of  Aston  and  Dinnint^ton,  born  at  Place,  Elland,  who  died  unmarried,  June, 

Thorpe    Salvin,   June,    1676.     He    was  1755  ;  also  buried  at  £lland. 


208  ELLAND  CHURCH. 

Martha  the  wife  of  the  adjacent  Duncan  Mclntyre  who  departed  this 
life  on  the  18*^  day  of  February  in  the  year  of  Our  Lord  1801  in  the 
6 1  «*  year  of  her  age.  The  above  inscription  was  engraved  by  order  of 
Duncan  and  Alexander  Mclntyre. 

Beneath  this  stone  rest  the  remains  of  Phineas  Fumess  who  departed 
this  life  on  the  25^  day  of  February  1800,  aged  87  years.  Also  the 
remains  of  Rebecca  his  wife  who  departed  this  life  on  the  14^  of  Januaiy 
1796,  aged  72  years. 

Beneath  this  stone  is  interred  the  body  of  Mary  Bottomley  late  of 
Longwood  in  the  Parish  of  Huddersfield,  who  departed  this  life  on  the 
27''*  day  of  Sep"^  1790,  in  the  78^  year  of  her  age.  Here  also  was  in- 
terred the  body  of  Bathsheba  the  daughter  of  Samuel  Bottomley  of  the 
same  place  and  granddaughter  of  the  above  mentioned,  who  departed 
this  life  on  the  14^^  day  of  May  anno  domini  1791,  in  the  2*  year  of  her 
age.  Here  also  lieth  interred  the  body  of  Elizabeth  Bottomley  the  wife 
of  the  above  mentioned  Samuel  Bottomley,  who  departed  this  life  on  the 
12^^  day  of  April  anno  domini  1792,  in  the  43^  year  of  her  age.  Also 
here  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  the  above  mentioned 
Samuel  Bottomley  of  Outlane  in  Longwood  in  the  Parish  of  Huddersfield, 
who  departed  this  life  on  the  15'^  day  of  August  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1795.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  ...  .  Bottomley  of  Fox 
Stones ....  late  of  Outlane  in  the  Parish  of  Huddersfield  son  to  the 
fi rat-mentioned  Samuel  Bottomley,  who  departed  .... 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  John  son  of  Ely  Dyson  Jun*",  who  departed 
this  life  at  Firth  House  Mills  in  Barkisland  22  NoV^  1761,  in  the  9^ 
year  of  his  age.  Also  of  the  above  named  Ely  Dyson  of  Greetland,  who 
departed  this  life  6  August  1802,  aged  70  years.  Also  of  Mary  wife  of 
the  above  named  Ely  Dyson,  who  departed  this  life  80'^  August  1802, 
aged  76  years.  Also  of  Elizabeth  Daughter  of  Scipio  and  Sarah  Dyson 
of  Bryan  Royd  in  Greetland,  who  departed  this  life  18  August  1828,  in 
the  24^'*  year  of  her  age.  Also  of  the  above  named  Scipio  Dyson,  of 
Brian  Royd,  who  departed  this  life  20^'*  December  1834,  in  the  75*'»  year 
of  his  age. 

Beneath  this  stone  is  interred  Ellen  the  widow  of  the  below  mentioned 
Cha«  Dyson,  who  died  April  10*'*  1830,  aged  60  years.  Ely  Dyson  of 
Firth  House  Mills  in  Barkisland,  who  dep^  this  life  the  25"*  day  of  July 
1762,  in  the  1'^  year  of  his  age.  Also  Barbury  the  wife  of  Ely  Dyson 
Sen^,  who  departed  this  life  the  15"*  day  of  January  1766,  in  the  61«* 
year  of  her  age.  Here  also  was  inten-ed  the  body  of  the  above  said  Ely 
Dyson  Sen"*,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  13"'  day  of  November  1789, 
in  the  87^**  year  of  his  age.  Also  the  body  of  Charles  Dyson  grandson 
of  the  above  Ely  Dyson,  who  died  the  7*^  Nov'^  1805,  in  the  40'^  year  of 
his  age. 

In  this  vault  are  deposited  the  remains  of  Mary  and  Martha  the 
daughters  of  John  and  Charlotte  Hirst  of  Bradley  Mills  in  Stainland. 
Mary  died  on  the  15^^  day  of  April  a.d.  1803,  aged  nine  months,  and 
Martha  died  on  the  P*  day  of  May  a.d.  1804,  aged  ....  months.  Also 
the  remains  of  David  Dyson  Hirst  son  of  the  above  mentioned  John  and 
Charlotte  Hirst,  who  died  June  1»*  1807,  aged  13  hours.     Also  here  lieth 


BLLAND  CHURCH,  207 

the  remains  of  above  mentioned  Charlotte  wife  of  the  ....  John  Hirst, 
who  departed  this  life  on  the  15'*»  day  of  November  1808,  aged  28  years. 
Also  here  lieth  the  mortal  remains  of  Harriet  the  wife  of  the  above  John 
Hirst  Daughter  of  John  Cartledge,  Woodman  House,  she  was  bom  at 
Blackley  the  21»'  February  1790  and  died  Febmary  24*^  1816,  aged  26 
years.  Also  are  deposited  the  remains  of  John  Cartledge  Hirst,  son  of 
the  above  John  and  Harriet  Hirst,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  12**» 
day  of  September  1830,  aged  17  years.  Also  Mary  Ann  the  Daughter 
of  the  above-said  John  Hii-st,  who  died  on  the  10*^  day  of  August  1840, 
aged  25  years. 

In  memory  of  Charlotte  wife  of  Miles  Bottomley,  who  died  March  29*^ 
1782,  aged  22  years.  Also  Sabina  Daughter  of  John  Sykes  of  Elland, 
who  died  April  1  1843,  aged  83  years.  Also  Alice  wife  of  the  above 
John  Sykes,  who  died  July  3^  1843,  aged  34  years. 

William  Bottomley  ....  died  27  Sep^  1757  .... 

John  Holroyd  ....  Stainland,  departed  this  life  ....  1759, 

aged  ....     Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  Sarah  the  wife  of  the 

above-said    John    Holroyd,   who   departed    this    life day  of 

January  1780,  aged  90  years.  Here  lies  interred  the  body  of  John 
Holroyd  of  Barkishmd,  who  departed  this  life  the  14*^*  day  of  May  1780, 
in  the  35***  year  of  his  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  Isaac 
Holroyd  of  Barkisland,  who  departed  this  life  the  18th  of  January  1792, 

aged  78  years the  son  of  Benjamin  Holroyd  of  Stainland,  who 

departed  this  life  the  14*^  day  of  December  1767,  in  the  5*^  year  of  his 
age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  ....  wife  of  the  above  said 
Benjamin  Holroyd,  who  departed  this  life  the  28*^  day  of  March  1768, 
in  the  51  year  of  his  age.     Here  also  .... 

Benjamin  Holroyd  .... 

interred  the  body  of  John  Akid,  Innkeeper  of  this  Town,  who 

departed  this  life  on  the  19*^  day  of  May  anno  domini  1797,  aged  61 
years.  Also  the  body  of  Cecily  ....  and  wife  of ...  .  and  daughter  of 
William  Dean,  of  Elland  Hall,  who  departed  this  life  May  9^^  1804, 
aged  ....  Here  lieth  the  body  of  Mary  Robinson  Relict  of  the  late 
William  Robinson  and  daughter  of  the  above  mentioned  John  and  Cecily 
Akid,  who  departed  this  life  the  18^**  day  of  December  1834,  aged  72  years. 

In  memory  of  Elizabeth  the  wife  of  Abraham  C.  Pitchforth  of  Shaw 
Lathe,  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  17^**  day  of  August  1815, 
aged  45  years. 

Here  was  interred  the  remains  of  Joseph  Brook  Sen^  of  Elland,  who 
departed  this  life  the  30^^  day  of  November  1774,  in  the  81*'  year  of  his 
age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  Hannah  Hodson  of  Bradley 
Hall,  in  Stainland,  who  departed  this  life  the  3^  day  of  July  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  1781,  in  the  53^^  year  of  her  age.  Beneath  this  stone 
lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  Joseph  Brook  late  of  Greet- 
land  and  the  son  of  the  above  mentioned  Joseph  Brook,  who  departed 
this  life  on  the  twenty-sixth  day  of  January  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1799,  aged  seventy-two  years. 


208  BLLAND  CHURCH. 

Here  was  iuterred  the  body  of  William  Simistery  who  departed  this  life 
the  8^  day  of  October  ....  in  the  61»'  year  of  his  age.  Here  also  was 
interred  the  body  of  Jane  the  wife  of  the  above  mentioned  William 
Simister,  who  departed  this  life  the  17'^  day  of  November  1787,  aged  50 
years.  Samuel  the  son  of  William  and  Jane  Simister,  who  departed 
this  life  the  11th  day  of  June  177...,  aged  11  months.  Also  the  body  of 
Mary  the  Daughter  of  the  above  William  and  Jane  Simister,  who  departed 
this  life  the  6^*»  day  of  October  1780,  in  the  10^  year  of  her  age. 

Joseph  Houlroyd,  who  departed  this  life  the  S^  day  of  December 

1766,  in  the  79*^  year  of  his  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of 
Elizabeth  the  wife  of  the  above  said  Joseph  Houlroyd,  who  departed  this 
life  the  2*1  day  of  April  1767,  in  the  74*^  year  of  her  age.  Here  also  was 
interred  the  body  of  Frank  the  son  of  William  Houlroyd  of ...  .  estonly 
Lane,  who  departed  this  life  the  23^^  day  of  NoV  1773,  in  the  1"*  year 
of  his  age.  Also  the  body  of  Benney  the  son  of  the  above  said  William 
Houlroyd,  who  departed  this  life  the  19***  day  of  August,  1775,  aged  1 
year.  Also  interred  the  body  of  William  the  son  of  Benny  Houlroyd  of 
Stainland,  who  departed  this  life  the  29*^  day  of  October ....  in  the 
19*^  year  of  his  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  Benney  the 
son  of  the  above  mentioned  Joseph  Houlroyd  in  Stainland,  who  departed 
this  life  the  11'^  day  of  April  17  .  .,  aged  67  years.  Here  also  was 
interred  the  remains  of  Sai-ah  the  wife  of  the  above-mentioned  Benney 
Houlroyd  of  Stainland,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  11*^  day  of  August 
1790,  aged  60  years.  Also  William  Houlroyd  of  Stainland,  who  departed 
this  life  on  the  28'^  of  May  1801,  aged  31  years.  Also  Bstty  wife  of 
the  above-mentioned  William  Houlroyd,  who  departed  this  life  th^  15^ 
day  of  April  1802,  in  the  79th  year  of  his  age.  Also  Joseph  son  of  the 
above-mentioned  William  and  Betty  Houlroyd,  who  departed  this  life  on 
the  9***  day  of  January  1813,  aged  11  years.  Also  Hannah  Houlroyd  of 
the  above,  who  died  April  12***  1826,  aged  50  years. 

Here  lieth  interred  the  body  of  William  Cresswell,  Surgeon,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  25***  day  of  March  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1761, 
in  the  38***  year  of  his  age.  Here  also  is  interred  the  body  of  William 
Hoaz  Cresswell  the  son  of  Sarah  Cresswell  and  grandson  of  the  above 
mentioned,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  25***  day  of  October  anno  domini 
1788,  aged  9  months. 

Here  lieth  the  body  of  Elizabeth  the  wife  of  James  Crowther  of 
EUand,  who  departed  this  life  the  27***  day  of  March^  aged  ....  years. 


Richard  Rothwell,  Stainland  .... 


Here  lieth  the  body  of  Hannah  Eubank  the  daughter  of  George 
Eubank,  who  died  Dec*"  9***  1790,  aged  ....  Here  lies  interred  the 
remains  of  George  Eubank,  who  departed  this  life  the  13***  day  of ...  . 
1807,  aged  19  years.  George  grandson  of  the  above  George  Eubank 
died  June  11,  1828,  aged  34  weeks  &  3  days.  Also  Hannah  the  wife  of 
the  above  George  Eubank,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  22*^  day  of  May 
1832,  aged  71  years.  Also  William  son  of  the  above  George  and  Hannah 
Eubank  of  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  June  15***  1851,  aged  56  years. 


ELLAND  CHtmCH. 


209 


Here  lies .  interred  Ann  daughter  of  George  Eubank  of  Elland,  who 
died  5*  Nov'  1756,  aged  2  years.  Also  the  body  of  the  above  said 
William  Eubank,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  6*^  day  of  August  1794, 
aged  42  years.  Also  the  body  of  Philip  the  son  of  the  above  said 
William  Eubank,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  22*  day  of  April  1798, 
aged  7  years.  Also  was  interred  the  remains  of  Mary  the  wife  of  the 
above-mentioned  William  Eubank,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  9^  day 
of  March  1792,  in  the  46^^  year  of  her  age. 

Here  lieth  the  body  of  Phoeby,  the  wife  of  William  Drake,  of  Fixby, 
and  second  Daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Holdsworth  *  of  Astey,  who  departed 
this  life  on  the  23*^  day  of  December  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1757  in  the 
54  year  of  her  age.  Also  the  body  of  Frances  Holdsworth,  sister  to  the 
above  who  departed  this  life  on  the  SI"**  day  of  October  1777  in  the  69^^ 
year  of  her  age.  Also  the  body  of  the  above-said  William  Drake,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  11**^  day  of  Nov.,  1779,  in  the  87^^  year  of 
his  age. 

Top  of  stone  illegible.  ....  who  departed  this  life  on  the  9*^  day  of 
December,  1786,  in  the  66*^  year  of  his  age.  Also  here  lies  interred  the 
body  of  Mary  Hirst  the  wife  of  the  above-named  Joseph  Hirst,  who  died 
on  the  31»*  December  1813  aged  78  years.  Also  the  body  of  Joseph 
Hirst  son  of  the  above-mentioned  Joseph  and  Mary  Hirst  of  Little 
Bradley  in  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  21"May  of  August  1818, 
in  the  42*  year  of  his  age. 

Here  lies  interred  Abraham  Dyson  ....  eman  of  Upper  .... 
house  Greetland  ....  died  the  4^*»  February  1757,  aged  36  years. 
Also  the  body  of  Mary  the  ....  of  Mr.  William  Thompson,  who 
departed  this  life  the  ....  day  of  July  1768,  aged  57  years.     Here 


•®  The  Holdaworths  of  Astey  or  Ash- 
day  were  a  very  old  family.  Robert 
Holdsworth  was  Vicar  of  Halifax  1534- 
1556,  and  built  the  Holdsworth  chapel  in 
the  church  there.  There  is  a  pedigree  of 
them  in  Dugdale*s  Visitation,  with  the 
arms  argent,  the  stem  of  a  tree  in  bend 
couped  and  eradicated  proper.  Mr. 
Lister  of  Shibdea  Hall  has  given  me  a 
few  noten  from  the  Wakefield  rolls : — 

1423.  29  Oct.  John  Haldisworth  of 
Astay  surrenders  to  use  of  John  his  son. 

1423.  29  Oct.  John  Haldisworth  of 
Astay  "diem  suum  clausit  extremum." 
Richard  his  son  and  heir  1426.  John 
Haldisworth  of  Astay  surrenders  land  in 
"Sourbemere  "  to  the  use  of  Robert  his 
son.  8  Kliz.  John  Haldsworth  of  Ast- 
day  mentioned  as  witness  to  a  deed. 

1586.  John  Haldsworthe  of  Asdaye, 
gent.,  named  29  Eliz.  Richard  Haldes- 
worth  of  Ashdaye  named  1624-37. 
Thomas  Haldesworth  of  Asdey,  gent, 
named  also. 

lUchard  Haldesworth  of  Astay,  yeo- 
man. Inqnis.  post  mortem  held  22  Nov., 
86  Hen.  VIII.      Obiit  20  June,  25  Hen. 


VIII.  John  Haldesworth,  son  and  heir, 
20 i  years  old  at  his  father's  death. 

Robert  Haldesworth  of  Astey,  yeoman, 
son  and  heir,  obiit  16  May,  12  Eliz. 
Inquis.  p.m.  28  July,  12  Eliz.  John 
Haldesworth,  brother  and  heir  of  Robert, 
and  23  years  old  at  his  brother's  death. 

The  Rev.  Oliver  Heywood  has  a  few 
entries  in  his  diary  about  this  family  : — 

Mtris.  Bates  (Mr.  Hold  worth  of  Asty's 
mother)  bur.  at  Halifax  on  Aug.  22, 1700, 
aged  80. 

Mr.  Robt.  Wood  of  ...flfold,  and  Mrs. 
—  Holdsworth  of  Astie,  mar.  Feb.  28, 
1718. 

Luke  Hoile  of  Ovenden  and  —  dr. 
Mr.  Thomas  Holdsworth  of  Astie  in  South- 
ouram  mar.  Ap.  3,  1725.  Mr.  Holdsworth 
of  Astie  near  Southouram  died  June  23, 
1709. 

Mrs.  Holdsworth  of  AsUe  bur.  Oct. 
15,  1709. 

Mr.  Tho.  Holdsworth's  wife  of  Asty 
died  in  Halifax  Sep.  19, 1719. 

Mr.  Tho.  Holdsworth  of  Astie  in 
Southouram  died  Apr.  20,  1735. 


2i0  ELL  AND  CHURCH. 

also  lieth  the  remains  of  Rose  the  wife  of  Samuel  Dyson  the  Gate-house, 
Greetland,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  9'^  day  of  April  a.d.  1813,  in 
the  56^**  year  of  her  age.  Also  five  children,  who  all  died  infants. 
Here  also  lies  the  remains  of  the  above  named  Samuel  Dyson,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  19*^  day  of  June  1815  in  the  60^^  year  of  his 
age.  Also  Mary  the  Daughter  of  the  above-named  Samuel  Dyson,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  6^^  day  of  .  .  .  .  1815,  aged  18  years. 

Beneath  this  stone  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  Thomas 
Blakey  the  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  Blakey  of  Exley  in  Southoram, 
who  departed  this  life  on  the  20*^  day  of  May  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1796,  aged  3  years  and  six  months.  Also  here  lieth  interred  the  remains 
of  Betty  daughter  of  Richard  Drewery  of  Exley  in  Southoram,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  ....  day  of  June  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1796  ...  .  years  and  ten  months. 

Joseph  Whiteley  of  Rishworth  .... 

Here  was  interred  the  body  of  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Thomas 
"Whiteley  of  Stainland,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  17***  day  of  December 
1767  in  the  4***  year  of  her  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of 
Joseph  the  son  of  the  above  Thomas  Whiteley,  who  departed  this  life  on 
the  21**  day  of  March  in  the  1**  year  of  his  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the 
body  of  Mary  the  Daughter  of  Isaac  Whiteley  of  Stainland,  who  departed 
the  4*^  day  of  January  1770  in  the  33^^  year  of  her  age.  Here  also  was 
interred  the  body  of  Susannah  wife  of  the  above  said  Isaac  Whiteley, 
who  departed  this  life  on  the  8*^  day  of  February  1771,  aged  71  years. 
And  likewise  was  interred  the  body  of  the  above  mentioned  Isaac 
Whiteley  of  Stainland,  who  departed  this  life  the  25**'  day  of  March 
1783,  nged  85  yoiii*s.  Joseph  Whiteley  of  Stainland  was  buried  the  30**» 
day  of  October. 

Beneath  this  stone  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  John 
Rushworth  Chadwick  the  son  of  John  Chadwick  of  Elland  Lower  Edge, 
who  departed  this  life  the  lo^  day  of  F'ebruary  1792  in  the  second  year 
of  his  age.  Also  was  interred  the  remains  of  Martha  the  wife  of  the 
aforesaid  John  Chadwick,  who  departed  this  life  the  19*'*  day  of  May 
1793  in  the  39*'>year  of  her  age.  Also  are  here  deposited  the  remains  of 
the  above-said  John  Chadwick,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  19*^  day  of 
May  1804  in  the  46*'*  year  of  his  age.  Also  are  here  deposited  the  remains 
of  William  Wilkinson,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  22<^  day  of  September 
1812  in  the. 42'^  year  of  his  age.  Also  Rebecca  Wilkinson,  who  died  Sep. 
13*'*  1828  aged  56  years.  Also  Caroline  Sheard  Daughter  of  the  above 
Rebecca  Wilkinson,  who  died  Nov^  25*'*  1839,  aged  39  yeara. 

In  memory  of  Ab"*  Bentley  of  Elland,  who  was  buried  on  the  10***  day 
of  March  1674,  aged  86  years.  Also  of  Gabriel  Bentley^*  his  son,  who 
was  buried  on  the  23"^  day  of  October  1699  in  the  76*'*  year  of  his  age. 
Also  Sarah  Bentley  his  wife,  who  died  on  the  27*'*  day  of  Novembsr 
17 1 1  in  the  83*^  year  of  her  age.    Also  of  M*"  Gabriel  Bowes  of  Elland,  who 

*i  Gabriel  Bentley,  bur.  at  Ealand,  Oct.   23,  1C99,  aged  71,  long  lame  (Hey  wood 
negiBter). 


ELTiAND  CHURCH.  211 

died  on  the  5^  day  of  April  1764,  aged  47  years.  Also  Rebecca  the 
wife  of  the  said  M' Bowes,  who  died  on  the  13*^  day  of  February  1778, 
aged  50  years.  Also  George  the  son  of  Lan*  Bowes  of  EUand  who  died 
ou  the  17^^  day  of  Sepf  1782  in  the  5"»  year  of  his  age.  Also  lieth 
interred  the  remains  of  y®  above-mentioned  Lancelot  Bowes,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  24^^^  day  of  March  1794  in  the  43^^  year  of 
his  age.     Also  of  John  Bowes,  of  EUand,  who  died  Sep'*  5*^  1847,  aged 

58  years. 

Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  the  above-mentioned  Isaac  Nicholls, 
who  departed  this  life  on  the  23*^  day  of  May  1780  in  the  78t»>  year  of 
his  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  M"*  Samuel  Nicholls  of 
Elland  the  son  of  the  above-mentioned,  who  departed  this  life  on  the 
19**»  day  of  April  1787  in  the  46'**  year  of  his  age. 

Here  lieth  interred  the  body  of  Emily  Knowles  the  beloved  wife  of 
Talbot  Knowles  and  much  beloved  daughter  of  John  and  Alice  Eamsden, 
Whittel  Place,  Elland,  who  died  Oct^  8***  1836,  aged  25  years.  Also 
here  lieth  the  body  of  George  Boulton  Ramsden  the  dearly  beloved  son 
of  the  above  John  and  Alice  Ramsden,  who  departed  this  life  the 
30*^  of  Oct'  1838,  aged  17  years  and  6  months.  Also  the  abovcsaid 
John  Ramsden,  E*%  of  Whittel  Place,  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  on 
the  23d  day  of  October  1842,  aged  62  years.  Also  of  John  Hamilton  son 
of  the  abovesaid  John  and  Alice  Ramsden,  who  died  at  New  York,  U.S.A., 
on  the  17^**  day  of  Nov.  1846,  in  the  37'**  year  of  his  age. 

....  wife  of  John  Holdroyd  of  Barkisland,  who  departed  this  life 
on  the  13***  day  of  June  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1786,  in  the  78'**  year 
of  her  age.  Beneath  this  stone  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains 
of  the  above-mentioned  Joseph  Holroyd  of  Barkisland,  who  departed 
this  life  on  the  18'**  day  of  August  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1793,  in  the 
77tk  year  of  his  age. 

....  the  body  of  Sarah  Denbigh  of  Elland,  who  departed  this  life 
July  25'**  1813,  in  the  65'**  year  of  her  age. 

....  daughter  of  the  above  John  and  Mary  Dyson,  who  died 
December  25'**  1812,  aged  9  months.  Also  Mary  daughter  of  Thomas 
Dyson  Holland  and  granddaughter  to  John  and  Mary  Dj^son,  who  died 
Dec'  23'**  1817,  aged  9  years.  Also  of  John  Dyson,  son  of  the  last 
mentioned  John  and  Mary  Dyson,  who  died  Feb^  23^  1819,  aged 
41  years.  Also  Lucy  his  daughter,  who  died  in  her  infancy.  Also  of 
Arthur  his  son  who  died  May  20'**  1819,  aged  3  yeara.  Also  Mary  his 
daughter  who  died  October  20'**  1826,  aged  20  years.  Also  Elizabeth 
the  wife  of  the  last  mentioned  John  Dyson  who  died  Sep'  25'**  1839,  aged 

59  years. 

....  also  of  Maria  Elizabeth  and  Edward  Markland  infant  children 
of  Edward  and  Elizabeth  Sarah  Rawson,  also  of  the  above  John 
Bawson,"  who  died  on  the  19'**  of  Dec,  1852,  aged  69  years, 

M  John  Rawson,  Esq'.,  of  Asbgrove,       secondly  Eliz*''.,  daughter  of  Thos.  Pre»- 
near  Elhnd,   J.P.,   married  first  Eliz'\ ,       ton,  Esq'.,  of  Greenroyd,  Halifax, 
daughter  of    Edw^.  Markland  of  Leeds, 


212  BLLAND  CttURCH. 

....  here  also  lieth  interred  the  body  of  Susannah  the  wife  of  the 
last-mentioned  John  Ramsden  who .  departed  this  life  on  the  2^  day  of 
June  1793,  in  the  66^  year  of  her  age. 

Inscription  on  top  illegible.  In  this  vault  was  interred  the  body  of 
Henry  Thwate  who  died  the  W^  day  of  March  1805,  aged  4  years.  Also 
the  body  of  Solomon  Thwate  of  Elland  his  father  who  died  on  the  4*^  day 

of  May  1807,  in  the  42^  year  of  his  age also Relict  of 

the  above  who  died  May  19  1840,  in  the  76^*»  year  of  her  age. 

Beneath  this  Stone  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  Mr. 
Abraham  Dyson  of  Sunney  Bank  in  Greetland  who  departed  this  life  on 
the  26'^  day  of  November  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1747,  aged  68  years. 
Here  also  was  interred  the  remains  of  Dorothy  Dyson  Relict  of  the 
above-mentioned  Abraham  Dyson  who  departed  this  life  on  the  21»*  day 
of  October  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1744,  aged  63  years.  Also  likewise  is 
inteired  the  body  of  M'  Samuel  Dyson  of  Elland  gentleman  son  of  the 
above-said  who  departed  this  life  on  the  14^**  day  of  September  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  1784,  and  in  the  76^^  year  of  his  age. 

Only  name  legible.     Henry  Brighouse.** 

Here  lieth  the  remains  of  Barbary  Maria  the  daughter  of  Joseph 
Hodgson  of  Stainland  who  departed  this  life  the  8^^  day  of  June  1818, 
aged  11  yeai-s.  Also  the  said  Joseph  Hodgson  who  died  July  19  1825, 
aged  70  years.  Also  Monimid  wife  of  the  said  Joseph  who  died 
Aug.  29'**  1845,  aged  81  years.  Here  lieth  interred  the  body  of  Hannah 
the  wife  of  the  above-said  Isaac  Holroyd  of  Barkisland  who  died  the 
10^  day  of  December  1756,  in  the  60^*  year  of  her  age. 

Here  lieth  the  body  of  John  Outram  son  of  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth 
Outram  who  died  the  7"'  day  of  Sept^  1775,  aged  24  weeks.  Also  Ann 
daughter  of  the  above-said  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  Outram  of  Elland 
who  died  on  the  22*i  day  of  August  1815  in  the  42«i  year  of  her  age. 
Also  the  above  mentioned  Benjamin  Outram  who  departed  this  life  in 
the  ll^*>day  of  Nov.  1816,  aged  77  years.  Also  Elizabeth  Outram  wife  of 
the  above  who  departed  this  life  on  the  15*^  day  of  February  1824,  aged 
84  years.  Also  Benjamin  son  of  the  above-said  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth 
Outram  who  departed  this  life  on  the  24'*»  day  of  April  1846,  aged 
69  years. 

In  this  vault  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  James  the 
son  of  Daniel  Rushforth  "  of  Elland  Mills  who  departed  this  life  on  the 
12**^  day  of  March  a.d.  1796  in  the  27*'»  year  of  his  age.  Also  lies  waiting 
the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  Alice  the  wife  of  Benjamin  Rushforth 
who  departed  this  life  on  the  IV^  day  of  March  1805,  in  the  42*  year 
of  liis  age.     Also  Daniel  the  son  of  William  Rushforth  and  grandson  of 

»3  Widow    Brighous    and     her     man  to,  changed  his  will.     He  at  last  dyed, 

buryed  at  Ealand,  July  21,  1696,  she  64  was  biiryed  at  Ealand,  Dec.  26,  1681, 

old  ;  both  dyed  of  fever  (Northowram  Re-  aged  75. 

gister,   85).       Henry    Brigbouse,     near  ^*  See  Rushworth    monument    inside 

Brighouse,  a  rich  man,  having  no  chil-  the  church, 
dren  nor  near  relations  to  leave  his  estate 


ELLAND   CHURCH.  213 

the  above  D.  Rushforth  who  died  Nov.  15  1809,  in  the  6^^  year  of  his 
age.  Also  Ann  the  daughter  of  William  Rushforth  and  granddaughter 
of  D.  Rushforth  who  died  March  the  5*^  1813,  in  the  8^'»  year  of  her  age. 
Also  Richai'd  Rushforth  late  of  Manchester  eldest  son  of  the  above  Daniel 
and  Mary  who  departed  this  life  on  the  24*^  day  of  May  1821,  aged 
60  years.  Also  Agnes  the  wife  of  the  above  Benjamin  Rushforth  who 
departed  this  life  the  19***  day  of  August  182  .  .in  the  65  year  of  her 
age.  Also  Martha  Daughter  of  the  above  Daniel  and  Mary  Rushforth 
who  died  March  7^  1853,  aged  75  years. 

Here  rests  all  that  was  mortal  of  the  Rev^  George  Burnett  of  Elland 
M.A.  who  changed  this  world  for  a  better  on  the  8'^  day  of  July  1793,  in 
the  59*^  year  of  his  age.  Having  faithfully  discharged  the  office  of 
minister  in  this  church  for  32  years.  Also  the  body  of  Ann  widow 
of  the  above  Rev*  George  Burnett  who  died  the  5*^  Oct^  1817,  aged 
76  years. 

Here  lieth  the  remains  of  Nicholas  Brooksbank^^  of  Elland,  whose 
Soul  returned  to  God  that  gave  it,  the  ....  day  of  January  1670. 
NB.  Here  also  lies  interred  the  body  of  Ebenezer  Spencer**  gentleman 
of  Storth  in  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  the  4***  day  of  February  1745, 
in  y®  63*"**  year  of  his  age.  Also  the  body  of  Bathshuah  the  wife  of  the 
above-said  Ebenezer  Spencer,  who  departed  this  life  tlie  1*'  day  of 
August  1769,  in  the  71"'  year  of  her  age.  Here  also  was  interred  the 
remains  of  Mrs.  Bathshuah  Houlroyd  the  Daughter  of  the  above 
mentioned  Ebenezer  and  Bathshuah  Spencer,  who  departed  this  life  at 
EUaud  the  eighth  day  of  July,  in  the  year  of  Our  Lord  1799,  aged  77 
years. 

Beneath  this  stone  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of  Joshua 
Clegg  of  Stainland,  the  son  of  Joseph  Clegg  of  Bank  Top  in  Greetland, 
who  departed  this  life  in  the  11*^  day  of  October  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1797,  in  the  38^^  year  of  his  age. 

Inscription  illegible  at  top. 

Here  also  was  interred  the  body  of  Joseph  Nicholls  of  Greetland,  and 
the  son  of  the  above-mentioned  Sarah  Nicholls,  who  departed  this  life 
on  the  24*  day  of  May  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1787,  in  the  79^^  year  of 
his  age. 

Here  was  interred  the  body  of  Mary  the  wife  of  Joshua  France  of 
Broad  Carr  near  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  the  24*^  day  of  November 
1778,  in  the  67'^  year  of  her  age.  Here  also  lieth  interred  the  body  of 
the  above-mentioned  Joshua  France,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  28*^ 
day  of  December  Anno  domini  1790,  in  the  78***  year  of  his  age. 
Beneath  this  stone  waiting  the  Resurrection  are  the  remains  of  John 
France  son  of  the  above  mentioned  Joshua  and  Mary  France,  who 
departed  this  life  at  Broad  Carr  in  Elland  on  the  7***  day  of  February  in 
the  year  of  our  Lord  1800,  in  the  sixteenth  year  of  his  age.     Also  Mary 

^  There  is  a  pedigree  of  the  Brooka-  and     Mrs.     Bathshua     Brookabank     of 

bank  family  in  Hunter's  Miiwrum  Oen-  Eland,  mar.    Sep'.,   1717  (Northownun 

tium  in  the  British  Museum.  Register). 

^  Mr.    Ebenr.   Spencer,   of  Hunslet, 


214  BLLAND  CHURCH. 

the  wife  of  the  above  said  John  France,  who  departed  this  life  December 
the  0^  1833,  aged  96  years. 

Beneath  this  stone  lieth  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of 
Susannah  the  Wife  of  John  Schofeld  of  this  Town,  who  departed  this 
Life  on  the  4^**  day  of  April  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1794,  in  the  45***  year 
of  her  age.  Here  lieth  interred  y^  remains  of  Joshua  the  son  of  the 
above  mentioned  John  and  Susannah  Schoficld,  who  departed  this  lifo 
on  the  6^*'  day  of  February  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1793,  aged  ten 
months. 

Here  lies  the  remains  of  Matilda  the  Youngest  Daughter  of  Ab"*  <Sr* 
Rebecca  Woodhead  of  Elland,  who  died  Nov.  8*^  1810,  aged  13  years. 

The  tombstones  in  the  churchyard  date  from  1600  down- 
wards, and  many  are  nearly  obUterated.  The  following 
appear  to  be  the  most  interesting : — 

Here  lyeth  the 


o 


turned  un 

S  to  God  that  o 

3  gave  it  m  i^ 

8  Norland  g 

S  June  13  Ano  {f 

t  Domini   1648.  ^ 

cT  Here  lyeth  the  ► 

3  Body  of  Ely  Simpson  g 

-§  of  Elland,  who  ** 

:§  departed  this  | 

^  Life  March  the  13  o^ 

.S  1749,  in  the  63  ^ 

S  year  of  his   age.  B 

S  B 

The  body  of  Richard  Sonne  of  Edward  Saltonstal  of  Ealand  was  here 
interred  y*^  8t»»  day  of  July  1670  RS.  also  Grace  wife  of  y«  8«i  £dward 
dyed  y«  28»»'  day  of  March  in  y«  63^  year  of  her  age,  1703.  And  also 
the  said  Edward  was  interred  the  17*^  of  March,  1710. 

Here  sleepeth  the  Bodie  of  Edward  Sunderland  M'  of  Artes  and 
Prtecher  of  God's  word  at  i£land  almost  32  yeres,  whose  soule  departed 
to  God  that  gave  it,  Januarie  29,  1632,  when  he  had  lived  neare  74 
ycres.  And  also  the  Bodie  of  Jeremiah  Sunderland  sonne  of  the  said 
Edward  Sunderland,  an  Oxford  SchoPer,  was  buried  here  May  21  1624, 
when  he  had  lived  18  yeres  and  6  months. 

Here  sleepo  the  bodie"  of  Samuel  &  Martha  children  of  Edw.  Sunder- 
land, Pra^cher,  whose  Soules  retiumed  to  God  that  gave  them :  His 
Sep  ....  1607.  Hers  April  16.  The  dead  shall  be  raised  up  inoo^ 
ruptible  and  we  shall  be  changed, 


BLLAND  CHURCH.  215  ' 

Here  lieth  the  Body  of  (Martha)  the  wife  of  Thomas  Hanson  ^^  late  of 
Bothroydy  who  departed  this  hfe  the  4^^  Day  of  Jan^  1738,  in  the  .  .  . 
her  age.  Beneath  this  stone  lie  waiting  the  Resurrection  the  remains  of 
Abraham  Hanson  son  of  Thomas  Hanson  of  Bothroyd  in  Hastrick,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  11*^  day  of  August  1794,  aged  51  years. 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Maiy  the  wife  of  Thomas  Hanson  Esq  of 
Boothroyd  in  Rastrick,  who  departed  this  Life  on  the  2**  Day  of  March 
A,D.  1797,  aged  84  years.  Also  of  the  above  Thomas  Hanson,  who  de- 
parted this  Life  April  30*^  1798,  aged  89  years.  Also  of  John,  son  of  the 
above  Thomas  and  Mary  Hanson,  who  departed  this  life  August  7^^* 
1820y  aged  61  years.  Also  of  Ann  relict  of  the  above  John  Hanson, 
who  departed  this  Life  October  27***  1834,  in  the  81"*'  year  of  her  age. 

The  original  family  tomb,  containing  several  inscriptions  partly  efiaced, 
and  bearing  dates  from  1559  to  1724,  having  fallen  into  decay,  the 
present  one  was  erected  a.d.  1838,  by  Samuel  Freeman,  of  Brier  Lodge, 
in  Southowram,  and  Charles  Pitchforth^  of  Boothroyd,  who  married  the 
daughters  of  the  above-mentioned  John  and  Ann  Hanson. 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  John  the  son  of  Thomas  Hanson,  late  of 
Bothroyde,  who  departed  this  life  the  3^  of  April  1725,  iEtat.  17. 

Beneath  rest  the  remains  of  William  infant  son  of  Joseph  and 
Elizabeth  Rushforth,  of  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  January  3*^  1800. 
Also  Martha  wife  of  Richard  CoUingwood,  of  Bay  Hall,  and  grandmother 
of  the  above  said  William,  who  departed  this  life  Oct.  11  1802,  aged  79 
years.  Also  Thomas  son  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  Rushforth,  who 
departed  this  Life  March  27***  1803,  aged  2  yeai-s.  Also  Richard 
CoUingwood,  late  of  Bay  Hall  near  Huddersfield,  husband  of  the  above 
named  Martha,  who  departed  this  life  April  11  1804,  aged  75  years. 
Also  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Joseph  Rushforth  and  daughter  of  the  above  said 
Richard  and  Martha  CoUingwood,  who  departed  this  Life  April  28***  1808, 
aged  39  years.  Also  Edward  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  Anno  Rushforth, 
who  departed  this  life  January  2^  1819,  aged  1  year.  Also  Caroline, 
wife  of  Elihu  Stead,  of  Manchester,  and  daughter  of  Joseph  and 
Elizabeth  Rushforth,  who  departed  this  Life  December  24***  1822,  aged 
27  years. 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Richard  CoUingwood  son  of  Richard  Walker 
and  Elizabeth  Rushforth  of  Manchester,  who  departed  this  life  January 
29**»  1823,  aged  4  months.  Also  Sarah  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth 
Rushforth  of  Elland,  who  departed  this  Life  November  20***  1839,  aged 
35  years.  Also  Joseph  Rushforth  husband  of  the  above-named 
Elizabeth,  who  departed  this  Life  October  28***  1841,  aged  74  years. 
Also  Henry,  son  of  the  above-named  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  Rushforth, 
who  died  Ap.  8  1855,  aged  57  years.  Also  Mary  Anne,  relict  of  the 
ftbove-named  Joseph  Rushforth,  who  died  Nov.  5^^  1856,  aged  82  years, 
Also  Elizabeth  daughter  of  the  above  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  Rushforth, 
irho  departed  this  life  on  the  25***  day  of  October  1865,  aged  63  years, 

t7  3f9  Pedi^eo  Qt  Uvmou  in  Foster^s  Yorkihire  Fedigreea, 


216  ELLAND  CHUBCH. 

In  memory  of  Frances,  the  wife  of  John  Noble,  of  Elland,  who  died 
April  27*^  1826,  aged  62  years.  Also  on  the  12'^  day  of  September  1840 
was  added  to  the  Pale  Nations  under  ground  the  Remains  of  Ann  the 
wife  of  Jonas  Fielding  of  this  Town.  After  spending  a  life  of  anxiety 
and  care,  death  -obliged  her  to  let  go  her  hold  leaving  this  World  (for 
her  class  of  Society)  in  a  far  worse  condition  than  she  found  it  48 
years  ago. 

In  memory  of  Joseph  Park  of  Elland,  who  departed  this  life  on  the 
2**  day  of  January  1847,  aged  32  years. 

No  tyrant's  persecution  could  his  spirit  bend 
To  freedom's  cause  he  struggled  to  the  end 
At  last  in  prime  of  life,  like  many  was  his  lot 
To  fall  a  victim  to  the  Railway  Juggernaut. 

Here  are  interred  the  remains  of  M'^  Thomas  Helm  of  Lillands,  who 
dyed  Jany  31**  1763,  aged  75.  Also  Sarah  wife  of  the  above,  who  dyed  JanJ 
16  174f,  aged  43.  Also  Thomas  son  of  the  above,  who  dyed  JanJ  18**^ 
174f,  aged  11.  Also  the  body  of  M'  William  Helm  son  of  the  above, 
who  departed  this  life  the  12*^^  day  of  March  1779,  aged  39.  Also  the 
body  of  John  the  son  of  the  above  said  William  Helm,  who  departed 
this  life  the  4*^  day  of  November  1779,  aged  two  years.  Also  here  lieth 
interred  the  Remains  of  Thomas  Helm,  son  of  the  above  said  William 
Helm,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  1»^  day  of  Feby  1808,  aged  39 
years.  Also  here  lieth  interred  the  remains  of  Ann  the  wife  of  the 
above-mentioned  William  Helm,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  20*^  of 
Feby  1823,  aged  83  years.  Mary  Helm,  daughter,  died  May  11,  1848, 
aged  76  years. 

Beneath  this  stone  rest  the  Remains  of  Emily  daughter  of  the 
Reverend  Edward  Sandford  Incumbent  of  Elland,  who  died  the  10^  day 
of  June,  1857,  aged  18  months.  Also  in  memory  of  the  Reverend 
Edward  Sandford  for  Nineteen  years  incumbent  and  Rector  of  this 
Parish,  who  died  December  18**»  1879,  aged  61  years. 

John  Hamerton,  born  July  6,  1793,  died  May  13,  1876.  Mary,  his 
wife,  born  July  6,  1796,  died  March  4'^  1875.  Ernest  Hamerton,  bom 
March  5*^  1835,  died  Janx  3^  1873.  Margaret,  bom  May  22^  1865,  died 
November  25*'^  1866.  John,  born  May  22,  1863,  died  January  12*^ 
1867.  Constance  Helm,  bom  June  11  1862,  died  April  3^  1867. 
Gertrude,  born  May  25^1^  1867,  died  Feby  3  1868.  Ernest  CoUingwood, 
born  March  22^  1872,  died  Dec.  30^1^  1872  :  children  of  Ernest— 
Hamerton  and  Helen  his  wife. 


CISTERCIAN    STATUTES. 


By  the  Bev.  J.  T.  FOWLEB,  H.A.,  F.S.A. 

[CONTINUSO  FBOM  P.  62.] 

InCIPIUNT    OAPITULA    SEXTiE    DISTINCTIONIS. 

1.  ]>e  Regula,  quando  inchoetur,  ot  Libello  Diffinitionum,  quando  legatur. 

2.  De  anniversariis  Abbatum,  quomodo  pronuntientur. 
8.  De  petenda  venia  pro  lectione,  reflponsorio,  et  Venite. 

4.  De  confessione  fncienda. 

5.  De  excommunioatione  in  Bamis  palmarum, 
,6.  De  Oravi  culpa. 

7.  De  Levi  culpa. 

8.  De  homioidui  et  peroussoribuB. 

9.  De  BortilegiB. 

10.  De  donis  et  litteris. 

11.  De  excommunicatio  pro  violenta  manuum  injectione. 

12.  De  carceribus. 

IS.  De  pcBua  fractionis  silentii. 

14.  De  ssecularibus,  ne  Servian t  in  coquinii  vel  mensa  abbatis. 

15.  De  auferendo  habitu  fugitlvis. 

16.  De  fngitivis  pro  quibus  scribit  dominua  Cistercii 
17*  De  deprehenfiis  in  furto  vel  proprietate. 

Jncipit  Bcxta  distinciio,  quce  agit  de  capitvlo  cotidiano  et  correctione 

culparum. 

^^De  Regrda^  quando  inchoetur,  et  Libello  Diffinitionum,  quando  legatur. 

In  festo  Sancti  Benedicti  annuatim  Begula  inchoetur.  Si  vero  trans- 
matur,  ipsa  die  transpositionis  Begula  inchoetur.^  Et  quociens 
*oiiunciatur  ^  festum  Beatse  Mariee,  videlicet,  Assumptionis,  Nativitatis, 
arificationis  ejusdem,  Annunciatio  (item)  Dominica  et  festum  Omnium 
iQCtorum,  inclinetur  a  conventu  (Libellus  vero  diffinitionum  ™  in  singulis 
rdinis  nostri  Capitulis,  a  festo  Omnium  Sanctorum  usque  ad  Pascha 
lolibet  anno  ex  integro  legatur). 


**  The  Benedictines  read  a  portion  of 
e  Rule  every  day,  beginning  Jan.  1, 
ay  2,  and  Sept.  1,  so  as  to  finish  the 
hole  three  times  a  year.  It  would  here 
em  that  the  Cistercians  read  it  only 
ice  a  year,  beginning  March  21,  unless 
le  feast  of  St.  Benedict  were  transferred, 
it  mir^ht  be,  on  account  of  its  falling  in 
oly  Week,  for  example.  The  Nomas- 
coD  has  this  note: — **Quia  St.  Bened. 
"SDcepit  ut  Regula  sua  ssepius  in  Congre* 
^ne  legatur,  Sancti  Patres  nostri  ordi- 
uimt  nt  onum   illius    caput   singulis 

VOL.  X. 


diebus  in  Capitulo  legeretur  et  ut  ipsa 
semper  in  festivitate  ejusdem  Sancti  a 
capita  inciperetur." — Ita  Cap.  Gen.  an. 
1196  et  1199,  p.  310. 

^^  That  is,  in  the  reading  of  the  Mar- 
tyrology  in  chapter. 

^  The  present  collection.  Our  own 
Canons  of  1604  are  ordered  to  be  divided 
into  two  poi-tions,  and  read  once  a  year 
in  every  parish  church  or  chapel  (Rubric 
at  the  end).  "  Libellus/'  etc.,  is  not  in 
1256. 


218 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


11. — De  Anniversarits  Ahbaium^  quomodo  pronundentur, 

Abbatum  nostrorum  Anniversaria  in  Capitulo  pronunciamus  sic,  Obiit 
dominies  B,  norms  Abbas  Cistercii.  £t  dicatur  a  prsesidente,  Requiescat  w 
pace,  Et  res])on80  ab  omnibus,  Amen,  subsequatur  lector  et  dicati  Gem- 
memoraiio  omnium  fratrum,  et  ccetera. 

III. — De  petenda  venia  pro  lectione,  responsorio  et  veniie, 

Yeniam  petal  in  Capitulo  qui  Lectionem,  Responsoriumy  vel  Venke  alii 
injungit,  si  tamen  extra  chorum  non  fuerit.  Et  Monachus  coram 
Conventu  evocatus  ab  Abbate  vel  Priore  de  Collatione  "  vel  de  Chore,  si 
perdiderit  benedictionem  CoUationis  vel  orationem,  non  petat  inde 
veniam  nisi  de  Patei*  noster,  et  Credo  in  Beum,^ 

nil. — De  Confessione  facienda, 

Abbates  et  monachi  semel  ad  minus  in  ebdomada  confiteantur  si 
copiam  habuerint  confitendi.  Conversi  qui  in  Abbatiis  morantur  idem 
faciant.  Qui  vero  in  grangiis  sunt,  quociens  eis  tenetur  Capitulum, 
confiteantur.  Nichilominus  universi  tarn  Monachi  quam  Conversi  semel 
ad  minus  in  anno  Abbatibus  suis  fideliter  confiteri  non  omittant ;  nisi 
forte  eorum  copiam  habere  non  potuerint  (Monachi  vero  et  Conversi 
alicui  personte  quae  non  sit  de  Ordine  nostro,  confiteri  aliquatenus  non 
praBsumant.  Qui  autem  confitentur,  flezis  genibus  oonfessionem  soam 
humiliter  peragant,  nisi  forte  stare  debeant,  sicut  in  antiquis  usibus  de 
Capitulo  et  confessione  continetur).*^ 

V. — De  excommunicatione  in  Ramis  pcUmarum.^ 

Conspiratores,  incendarii,  fures  et  proprietarii,  singulis  annis  in 
Ramis  palmarum  post  habitum  sermonem,  illis  qui  uon  sunt  de  Ordine 
nostro  prius  emissis,  ab  eo  qui  praeest  Capitulo  cum  stola  et  candela 
accensa,  et  baculo  si  Abbas  fuerit,  auctoritate  Dei  Omnipotentis,  Patrii 
et  Filii,  et  Spiritus  Sancti,  et  Beatse  Mariae,  et  Omnium  Sanctorum, 
(et  tocius  Ordinis)  ^  excommimicentur. 

VI. — De  gravi  culpa. 
Cum  aliquis  gravi   culpeB   subditur,'^  accipiat    in  ipso   judicio  dis- 


•^  Per  Collationem  intellige  lectionem 
quse  fit  coram  Conventu  in  Claustro  ante 
Completorium,  secundum  Reg.  S.  Bened. 
et  lib.  Usuum  (Nomaat.,  811). 

*2  This  seems  to  refer  to  any  who, 
being  in  choir  or  at  collation,  were  not 
able  to  sing  or  read  in  their  turn,  or  to 
find  their  places,  and  so  have  to  ask  some 
one  else  to  do  it.  With  regard  to  "  over- 
skippingB,"  and  other  mistakes  in  choir, 
see  a  curious  story  of  what  a  Cistercian 
abbot  once  saw,  related  in  the  "  Mirrour 
of  Our  Lady,"  p.  64.  The  abbot  was  St. 
Hobert  of  Newminster. 

fis  "Monachi,"  etc.,  not  in  1266.  At 
Bee,  boys  were  to  confess  twice  a  week, 
and  that  standing.  (Martene  de  Mon. 
Kit.  V.  V.  24.) 


**  The  ordinary  sentence,  and  also  the 
shortest  form  used  against  conspiratori, 
etc.,  will  be  foimd  with  the  supplementaiy 
matter  below.  The  English  forms  used 
in  this  country  in  ordinary  churches  may 
be  seen  in  **The  York  Manual,"  etc. 
Surt.  Soc,  Ixiii.,  119,  86*.  The  days 
were  at  least  three  in  the  year,  the  fint 
or  second  Sunday  in  Lent,  some  Sunday 
near  Magdalen-tide  (July  22),  and  some 
Sunday  in  Advent  before  Christmas, 
*'and  thus  holy  Chirche  useththroughont 
all  the  places  in  Cristendome,"  i6.,  pw  122. 
Our  Ash  Wednesday  Service  is  a  con- 
tinuation of  this  "great  cursing." 

«  ** Et  tocius  Ordmis,"  not  in  1256. 

^  "Cum  aliquis  gravi  culpce  B\khdl\xstt 
id  est^  cum  aliquis  pcensd  pro  gravi  ciilpa 


CIST£BCIAN  STATUTES. 


219 


dplinam.*'    Deinde,   injuncta  ei  poeniteutia   gravioris  culpae,    penitus 
statim,  caputium  iu  capite,  exeat  de  Capitulo  in  locum  quod  prasviderit 
ei  Abbas  oompetere.     Deputeturque  ei  senex  discretus  ad  solacium,  qui 
earn  ooofioletur  et  provocet  ad  humilitatemy  ue  ampliori  tristicia  absor- 
baatar.**    Injungatunjuo  pro  eo  specialis  oratio  in  Capitulo,  ut,  sicut 
didt  Regula,  oretur  pro  eo  ab  omnibas.*^     Debet  autem  Abbas  attendere 
et  corporis  valitudinem   et   culpa)  modum,  nam  secundum  hoc  debet 
extenuari  poena  vel  aggravari.     Hefectionem  autem  porcipiat  mensura  et 
bom  qua  viderit  ei  Abbas  competere,  sicut  in  Regula  continetur.    Vasa  '^ 
totem  quibiis  utitur,  aut  frangantur  aut  paupcribus  erogentur.     Ad 
fores  Oratorii  prostratus  jaceat  in  terra  dum  completur  Opus  Dei/^  uou 
Ittbens  caputium  in  capite,  quod  tamen  in  eundo  debet  habere.     Quo- 
eiens  autem  Missa  vel  Officium  Defunctorum   sine  intervallo  sequitur 
bourn  canonicam,  non  prostematur  donee  conventus  exeat  de  Ecclesia, 
(oon  tamen  omnes  coguntur  exire  propter  eum.     Qui  vero  exeunt,  per 
ioteeum  exeant).^     Cum  autem  in  Capitulo  recipiendus  fuerit  ad  jus- 
Mem  AbbatiSy  usque  ad  ingressum  Capituli  habeat  caputium  in  capite. 
QoodepoBito,  yeniens  ante  Abbatem  prostemat  se  ante  pedes  ejus  super 
Reniui,  et   super   articulos    manuum.     Deinde  ante    Priorem.     Et  sic 
pewmTens  Chorum  Prioris,^  si  Prior  afFuerit,  vel  Abbatis  loco  ipsius, 
petnde  Chorum  Abbatis  eo  modo  so  prostemat  ante  pedes  singulorum, 
iOii  non  inclinantibus  nee  adjuvantibus  ipsum,  scd  quieto  sedentibus. 
Qooeiens  per  ante  Abbatem  transient,  inclinet.     Et  sic  veniens   stct 
mte  inalogium,^^  non  petens  veuiam  donee,  jussus  ab  Abbate,  eat  sessum. 
^'ee  ponatur  eadem  die  in  Ordine  suo,  nee  officium  aliquod  exequatur 
uqoe  ad  jussionem  Abbatis.     Sed  dum  completur  Opus  Dei  turn  iu 
Eocbna  quam  in  labore,  prostemat  se  in  terra  in  loco  quo  stat,  donee 
jam  ab  Abbate  quiescat  ab  hac  satisfactione. 

VII. — De  levi  culpnJ^ 

Fiatret  qui  in  levi  culpa  ^^  sunt  de  labore  remaneant  propter  satis- 
betioDem.     Qui  etiam  dum  satisfaciunt,  toto  corpore  extcnso,  proster- 


ai%cod»  lubditur."    Nomaat.  p.  312. 
Sit  fortliar,  p.  520. 

^  Tkt  application  of  rods  or  icourgeB 
totkitbara  uoulden.  It  was  employed 
^vay  both  of  eorrection  and  of  morti- 
ieitioo.    (Martene  de  Hon.  Rit.  II.,  xi.) 

•  1  Cor.  it  7. 

*  "De hac  culpanim  et  pcenarum  dis- 
tacUum  agit  S.  Ben.  in  aua  Reg.  cap.  23, 
2ft,  2ft,  26,  27,  44."    Nomaat,  812. 

**  FoL  71  ia  a  leaf  here  inserted,  upon 
*M  ia  written,  by  a  somewhat  later 
^^  thao  the  original  text,  an  order  of 
^  KHMral  chapter  respecting  the  cx- 
**iiiiiiiualiun  in  Rumii  Palmarum. 
J\*IW  0pu9  Dei  intellige  Officium 
P>iKa,  •aeandom  modum  loquendi 
«>B«sl  In  Reg.  cap.  44  et  47,  et  aUbi 
>^*   Komast,  812. 

"  "  Von  tamen,*  etc,  not  ui  1256. 
.^^TW  Borth  aide  of  the  choir,  the 
A^*arida  bilflg  th«  aooAh  or  ri^t-hand 


side  on  entering.  The  choir  arrangement 
was  repeated  in  the  chapter  •house,  so  Iat  as 
the  two  sides  were  concerned.  But  while 
in  choir  precedence  was  reckoned  from 
the  four  ends  of  the  rows  of  stalls,  so  that 
the  lowest  sat  in  the  middle,  in  chapter 
it  was  reckoned  from  the  president's  seat, 
and  so  the  lowest  were  nearest  the  door, 
in  secular  chapters  at  least. 

7^  The  lectern  or  desk  in  the  chapter- 
house. The  lower  part  of  the  post  of  the 
lectern  still  remains  in  the  floor  of  the 
chapter-house  at  Lincoln,  a  little  east  of 
the  central  pillar.  Long  may  *' restorers  " 
spare  it. 

'*  This  forms  part  of  cap.  vi.  in  1256, 
hence  the  subsequent  numbers  are  dif- 
ferent. 

76  •<  p^f  icvem  culpam  intellige  poenam 
pro  levi  culpk  subeundam,  quae  hie  de- 
scribitur.*'  Nomast. ,  p.  813,  and  further, 
p.  625. 

Q  2 


220 


CISTERCIAN   STATUTES. 


nantur  ante  gradum  Presbiterii  a  Kyrielieson  usquo  post  Deo  gratia*, 
diebus  quibus  Conventus  prostemitur  super  formas.  Caeteris  vero 
diebus  stantes  incurveutur.  Extra  llefcctorium  comedaut  in  loco  quo 
Abbati  visum  fuerit.  Qui  post  refectionem  servitorum  ad  biberes  non 
cant  cum  aliis,  neque  illi  qui  pro  versu  tercio  perdito^  in  poenitentia  sunt, 
sed  post  alios  eant  bibere  in  Refectorium.  Prior  vero  vel  Supprior,  si  in 
levi  culpa  sint,  officia  sua  non  exequantur  in  ecclesia  in  cantando  vel 
legondo,  vel  in  dandis  benedictionibus. 

VIII. — De  Homiddis  et  Percussoribtu. 

Si  qui  de  ordine  nostra  homicidia  perpetraverint,  si  personas  nostri 
Ordinis  occiderint,  teneantur  sub  artissima  custodia,  districtissima 
posnitentia,  usque  ad  mortem.  Si  autem  sa^cularem  occiderint,  et  sine 
periculo  in  domo  sua  non  poterunt  retineri ;  ad  domum  remotam 
emittantur,  poenitentiao  conspiratorum  subjaccnter,  et  nunquam  de 
caetero  reversuri.  Si  vero  mutilaverint  aut  alio  quocunque  mode 
percusserint,  secundum  quantitatem  culpte  mensura  correctionis 
extendatur. 

IX. — De  SortilegiisP 

Qui  convictus  fuerit  aut  publice  confessus  de  sortilegio  quod  feoerit 
aut  fieri  consenserit,  si  Abbas  fuerit  vel  Prior  aut  Supprior,  deponatur. 
Si  Monachus  vel  Convei*sus,  vj  diebus  sit  in  levi  culpa ;  duobus  eorum 
in  pane  et  aqua,  et  prseterquam  in  Pascha  vel  nisi  egerit  in  extremis^  ab 
Altari  sit  suspensus,  et  iiltimus  omnium  habeatur.*^" 

X. — De  donis  et  litteris, 

De  donis,  munusculis  et  litteris,  vel  Eulogiis  *°  non  dandis  vel  recipi- 
endis  a  quocunque  hominum  sine  licentia  proprii  Abbatis  omnino 
teneatur,  sicut  in  Regula  continetur.  Transgressores  ad  minus  verbe- 
rentur.  Consideret  autem  Abbas  quantitatem  et  modum  donationis,  et 
secundum  hoc  modum  correctionis  extendat. 

XL — De  excommunicatio  pro  violenta  manuum  injectione. 

Qui  in  Monachum  vel  Conversum  manus  violentas  injecerit,  quia  ipso 
facto  excommunicatus  est,  caucius  evitetur  ab  omnibus  donee  ab  Abbate 


57  This  perhaps  refers  to  such  as  had 
lost  their  verse  three  times  in  one  Office, 
or  perhaps  to  those  who  came  in  too  late 
for  the  third  versicle. 

"8  In  the  NovcllcR  of  1350  (Nomast., 
632)  is  a  chapter  **De  Proprietariis  et 
lusoribus  et  arte  Arquemise."  There  is 
a  note  with  regard  to  alchemy  that  this 
*'  Bcientia  vana  et  illusoria "  was  pro- 
hibited by  Pope  John  XXII.  (1316-1334). 

78  In  Archbishop  George  Neville's  Re- 
gister at  York  (fo.  69)  we  have  a  curious 
cose,  shewing  how  in  the  15th  century 
secular  persons  were  dealt  with  for  prac- 
tising sorcery.  William  Byg,  alias  Lech, 
of  Wombwell,  was  convicted  of  professing 


to  find  out  thieves  by  a  crystal  stooe. 
He  had  to  do  penance  with  a  paper  scroll 
about  his  head,  inscribed  Ecce  stniilegus, 
and  on  his  breast  and   back   Invoeator 
spirituum  and  SortUegus  (1467).     It  ia 
'*much  to  be  wished"  that  this  godly 
discipline  could  be  restored  in  our  time. 
^  •*  Eulogia) "  are  charitable  gifts,  "of 
grace,  not  of  debt."    The  term  is  said  to 
be  derived  from  the  Hebrew  nD"13  '^ 
1  Sam.  XXV.  27,  through  the  Septuagiot, 
but  in  the  Vulgate    the  equivalent  ii 
"benedictionem."   (Menard,  Cone.  Rego* 
larum,  note  on  Cap.  Ixi.,  §  1.     Ducangs^ 
s,v.    Reg.  S.  B|ned.,  cap.  liv.) 


CISTEECIAN   STATUTES. 


221 


vel  Priore  si  Abbas  in  absentia  sera  ipsi  licentiam  (vel  Suppriori  in 
absentia  Prioris,  vel  etiam  Conrentum  tenenti,  ipsis  absentibns),'*  absol- 
vendi  dederit,  absolvatur.  Qui  autem  in  Abl3atom  simili  modo  manus 
injeoerint,  sentcntise  conspiratorum  per  omnia  subjacebunt,  et  a  Summo 
Pontifice  sunt  absolvendi. 

XIT. — De  carcerihus,^ 

In  singidis  Abbatiis  nostri  Ordinis  in  quibus  fieri  poterit,  fortes  ac 
firmi  carceres  habeantiir,  ^bi  ad  arbitrium  Abbatis  retrudantur  et 
detineantur,  secundum  quod  sua  exegerint  crimina,  criminosi.  Criminosos 
autem  hie  vocamus  indicibili  vicio  laborantes,  fures,  incendiarios, 
falsarios,  homicidas.     Abbas  vero  si  falsarius  fuerit  deponatur. 

XIII. — De  pama  fractionis  silentii.^ 

Priores,  Cellerarii,  et  omnes  Monachi  et  Conversi  ad  mensam  oujus- 
cunque  silentium  teneant/"*  nisi  forte  in  via  constituti,  ubi  in  mensa 
fuerint  sseculares,  quibus  cum  necessitas  exegerit  poterunt  rara  et  brevia 
verba  ®  loqui.  Et  cum  Episcopis  et  Regibus  in  mensis  suis  loquantur, 
et  hoc  modeste  et  moderate.  In  mensis  etiam  propriorum  Episcoporum 
et  illorum  de  Ordine  loqui  poterunt  de  licentia  eorumdem.  Alioquin 
tam  hii  quam  omnes  alii  qui  de  rupto  scienter  si] en tio  intra  Abba tiam  vel 
foris  se  recognoverint,  vel  proclamati  fuerint,  vel  culpabiles  inventi ;  uno 
die  sint  in  pane  et  aqua  et  in  Capitulo  verberentur.  Qui  vero  passim  et 
de  cousuetudine  silentium  frangunt,  si  soepius  correpti  non  emendaveriut, 
omni  vjta  feria  sint  pane  et  aqua,  et  usque  ad  congruam  emendationem 
ad  uutum  proprii  Abbatis  ultimi  omnium  habeantur.^^ 


XII II. — De  scccidarihuSy  ne  serviant  in  coquinis  vel  mensa  abbatis. 

Sceculares  non  serviant  in  coquinis  Conventus  nee  in  Infirmitoriis  (nisi 
evidens  necessitas  hoc  requirat,  exceptis  abbatiis  ubi  non  habentur  ultnv 
decern  Conversi).^^     Quod  si  in  aliqua  domo  factum  fuerit,  Prior  et 


«  "Vel  Buppriori,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

^  Heeo  de  caroeribus  Institutio  facta 
mt  in  Capit  Gen.  aun.  1230."  (Nomaat, 
814 .)  M  onastic  priBonA  appear  to  have  been 
of  two  kinda :  a  cell  or  *  *  lock-up "  for 
temporary  confinement,  opening  out  of 
the  cloisters  or  chapter-house,  and  others 
more  of  the  nature  of  dungeons,  such  as 
the  "  lying-house  "  under  the  Infirmarer's 
chamber  at  Durham,  for  great  offenders. 
(Rites  of  Durham,  pp.  48,  75  )  At  Foun- 
tains there  are  three  cells,  on  the 
plaater  of  one  of  which  a  prisoner  had 
soratched  the  words  bale  librrtas.  These 
are  not  in  immediate  connection  with  the 
ehapter-housp.  Adjoining  them  is  a 
lirger  cell,  which  ^Ir.  Walbran  thought 
Ittd  been  required  by  the  secular  autho- 
rity which  that  convent  had  within  **  the 
Liberty  of  Fountains."  But  when  ab- 
beys had  secular  prisons,  they  were  in 
the  gate  house,  and  often  continued  in 


use  after  the  suppression,  as  at  West- 
minster and  St.  Alban's,  and  Durham. 
A  Privilegiam  of  Pius  V.,  granted  1 1 76, 
expressly  orders  that  there  shall  nl- 
ways  be  a  prison.  (Henriquez,  219,  11.) 
See  Micklethwaite  on  the  Plan. 

«3  Ex  Cap.  Gen.  ann.  1195. 

«  "Omnino  teneant,"  1256.  On  the 
signs  used  instead  of  speech,  see  Martens 
de  Mon.  Rit.  V.  xviii.,  where  a  very  full 
account  of  them  will  be  found.  A  •*  Dic- 
tionary of  Signs  **  occupying  pp.  v.-xxL  is 
prefixed  to  the  modem  "Use  of  the  Cis- 
tercian Nuns  of  Our  Lady  of  La  Trappe." 
Burns  aud  Oates,  n.d. 

^  "Ut  panem,  aquam,  sal  et  hujus- 
modi,"  1256. 

^  "  Nee  aliquis  de  csetero  per  tertiam 
personam  loquatur.  Sciendum  vero  quod 
licet  nobis  cum  opus  fuerit  loqui  in  Eccle* 
siis  s^cularibus  etiam  dedicatis,"  1256. 

87  "Nisi,"  etc.,  not  in  1266. 


222 


CISTERCIAN  STATUTES. 


Cellerarius  quam  diu  ibi  fuerint,  omnes  TJse  ferisB  dnt  in  pane  et  aqua. 
Abbas  vero  qui  hoc  scierit  et  uon  emendaverit,  culpam  hanc  in 
Generali  Capitulo  fateatur.  Nee  ad  mensam  Abbatis  infra  Abbatiam 
aliquis  8a)cularium  ministret,  nisi  forte  in  hospicio  comedentis."^ 


XV. — De  aufermdo  hahitu  fugitivU. 

Prsecipitur  Abbati  vel  Custodi  Ordinis,  ut  auferat  habitum  fugitivo, 
vel  inordinate  discurrenti,  etiarasi  renitatur,^  (invocato  ad  hoc  si  neoesse 
fuerit  auxilio  brachii  ssecularis).'"  Fugitivi  vero  tanqnam  excommuni- 
cati  evitentur,  donee  satisfactioni  debitse  se  supponant 


XVI. — De  fugiiivis  pro    quihtis  scrihit  dominus  CUterciu 

Abbates  quibus  scribit  dominus  Cisterciensis  pro  fugitivis,  eos  recipiant 
secundum  quod  eorum  merita  sen  demerita  promerentur :  salva  tamen 
Ordinis  disciplina.'* 

XVII. — De  depreliensU  in  fujix)  vel  proprietate, 

Monachus  vel  Con  versus  in  furto  deprehensus  vel  proprietate  "  nltimofl 
omnium  erit  per  annum  ad  minus,  et  quantum  Abbati  visum  fuerit 
ultra,  et  omni  vja  feria  per  annum  sit  in  pane  et  aqua^  et  quadraginta 
diebus  grossiori  pane  vescatur.  Con  versus  ad  terram  comedat,  et  illis 
quadraginta  diebus  in  claustro  sedeat  et  operetur  in  silentio  quod  sibi 
fuerit  imperatum.  Nee  loquatur  nisi  cum  Abbate  vel  cum  eo  qui 
Conventum  tenet,  et  cum  magistro  Conversorum,  et  de  coufessione.  Et 
omnibus  horis  canonicis  intersit,  et  omnibus  Capitulis  quibus  intererit 
per  annum  verberetur,  et  Monachus  quadraginta  diebus  vapulet  in 
("apitulo  Monachonim.  (Et  licet  furtum  sen  proprietos  committatur  in 
re  parva  vel  vili,  de  poena  tamen  tempenindo  pro  re  minima  erit  in 
discretione  abbatis.)^^  Et  si  furtum  excesserit  valorem  viginti  solidorum ; 
tam  Monachus  quam  Conversus,  ablato  ei  habitu,  ad  portam  emittatur. 
Et  si  Conversus  recipiendus  fuerit ;  non  recipiatur  nisi  in  familiarem,  ita 
quod  annum  grossiori  pane  vescatur,  et  lineis  non  utatur.  Si  autem  in 
hoc  statu  commiserit  tale  furtum,  perpetuo  carceri  mancipetur. 
Monachus  vero  si  recipiatur,  culpro  gravioris  posnitentiam  agat,  et 
nichilominus  poDnam  Monacho  pro  furto  superius  inflictam  sustineat  et 
ab  officio  altaris  per  annum  abstineat. 


^  Cap.  Gen.  ann.  1196.  Haec  Consti- 
tutio  in  hunc  modum  postea  f uit  tempe- 
rata,  ut  in  Abbatiis  in  quibus  non  essent 
nisi  octo  Conversi,  admitterentur  ad 
hujusmodi  ministerium  secculares.  Ita 
Cap.  Gen.  ann.  1237. 

P»  *' Remittatur  "  1256  in  Nomasticon. 

w  "  Invocato,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

'^  So  in  margin  of  Nomasticon  as  the 
reading  of  some  MSS.     The  text   reads, 


from  fugitivis,  '*  ai  in  domibus  pat^triis 
vel  in  all  is,  justa  tamen  de  cauaa,  non 
duxerint  consulendum,  ei  rescribant  per 
ipsos  fugitivos,  si  literas  eorum  acdpere 
noluerint  eo  quod  eos  consolere  non 
poFsunt,  salva  Ordinis  disciplina." 

^  Having  anything  as  his  own. 

^  *'  Et  Ucet,"  etc.  in  1256  comes  ai  the 
end  of  the  chapter. 


CISTERCIAN  STATUTES.  223 


Inoipiunt  capitula  vu^  distinctionis. 

1.  De  forma  VisitaUoms. 

2.  De  Abbatibus  non  deponendis  extra  Capitulum. 
8.  De  publica  poBnitentia  Abbatibus  non  injungenda. 

4.  De  amotione  offidalium  per  Visitatorem. 

5.  De  inquirendo  status  domus  in  Visitatione. 

6.  De  Visitatoribus,  qualiter  se  habere  debeant. 

7.  De  Monachis  Visitatoribus  associatis. 

8.  De  non  recipiendo  ad  usnras. 

9.  De  Conventibus,  ne  sine  licentia  dispergantur. 

10.  De  Visitatione  filiarum,  matre  vacante. 

11.  De  qualitate  eligendonim. 

12.  De  verbo  iUicito  in  electionibus. 

13.  De  hia  qui  pro  aliqua  ordinatione  Potentes  adeunt. 

14.  De  Abbate  qui  recusat  ad  domum  superiorem  ascendere. 

15.  De  Abbatibus  qui  cedunt. 

16.  De  Abbate  deposito. 

17.  De  non  prosequenda  causa  depositionis. 

18.  De  electo  in  Kpiscopum. 

19.  De  pcrsonis  Ordinis,  Episcopis  Ordinis  concedendis. 

20.  De  Priore  £skciendo. 

Septima  distindio,^ 

I. — De  forma  vidtationis. 

In  facienda  visitatione  cautelam  maximam  et  diligentiam  visitator 
adhibeat,  ut  fideliter  et  prudenter  ad  corrigendos  excessus,  et  conserva- 
tionem  pacis  intendat,   et  quantum  poterit,   salva  Ordinis  disciplina, 
animos  fratrum  ad  ampliorem  reverentiam  proprii  Abbatis,  et  gratiam 
mutuo  in  Christo  dilectionis  inducat.    Provideat  nichilominus  visitandus, 
Qt  secundum  formam  Ordinis  yisitatori  obediens  et  devotus  ezistat,  et  ad 
emendationem  domus  susq  quantiun  poterit,   tanquam   Deo  rationem 
redditurus    intendat.     Igitur    in    visitatoris    adventu,   Abbas    domus 
illius,  Tel  si  ipsum  abesse  contigerit,  Prior,  aut  qui  tenet  locum  ipsius 
stndiose  fratres  admoneat,  roget  ac  prsecipiat,  ut  fideliter  ac  fiducialiter, 
publice  vel  privatim,  prout  melius  intellexerint  faciendum,  quae  corrigenda 
noverinty   sugerant  ac  proponant.      Caveat  autem   ne    ullatenus    hoc 
impediat  faciendum,  vel  cum  factum  fuerit  segre  fei*at.     Caveat  ne  in 
prsesentia  visitatoris  vel  post  ejus  discessum,  cuiquam  Fratrum  aliquam 
vindictam  inferat,  ne  improperet,  ne  indignetur.     Quin  etiam  si  minus 
caute   minusve  discrete   fuerit  quis  locutus,   benigna  facilitate   ei  ad 
consilium    visitatoris     indulgeat.      Ipsum  vero  visitatorem  talem  fore 
convenit,   nt   non  credat  omni  spiritui,^°  sed  causam  quam  nescierit 
diligenter  inquirat,    cognitam    rationabiliter   corrigat,   zelo  ordinis   et 
patemss  curitatis  affectu.     Prohibeat  etiam  ne  incipiant  retractare  quae 
noverint   digne  correcta,  ne  sibi  suggerent  incomperta,  ne  vanis  sus- 
picionibus  turbent  animos  Patrum  sive  Fratrum  suorum.     Quod  si  quis 
fecerit^  digne  eum  visitator  increpet,  et  castiget.    Prohibeat  etiam  ne  quis 
Fratrum  ea  qua)  agnoverit  emendenda^  quasi  ad  majus  scandalum,  quod 
nequissimum  est,  usque  ad  visitatoris  adventum  differat  et  reservat ;  sed 

X  In  1256  the  first  chapter  is  "  Patres      annum,  tribus  diebus  sint  in  levi  culpa, 
Abbates  qui  filias  suas  per  se  vel  per      uno  eomm  in  pane  et  aqua." 
JdflitniTn  personam  non  visitaverint  per  *^  1  John  iv.  1. 


224  CISTERCIAN  STATUTES. 

oportunis  temporibus  quae  contigerint  proclamentur  et  emendentur. 
Quod  si  contra  banc  formam  egerit  visitator,  per  superiorem  Abbatcm 
vcl  coabbates  alios  prout  merucrit  castigetur,  sive  etiam  puniatur  per 
generalo  Capitulum.  Similiter  qui  visitatur,  nisi  formam  eandem  studcat 
obsorvare,  coram  Deo  graviter  se  culpabilemf  et  patema  Tel  Capituli 
Gcncralis  noverit  animadversione  plectendum.  Nullus  Abbas  hosjx's 
vcl  etiam  visitator,  nisi  pater  illius  domus  quam  visitat  fuerit,  confessioncK 
recipiat  Ipse  etiam  proprius  Pater,  si  gravis  est  causa,  ad  propriiim 
Abbatem  domus  illius  cum  qui  confitetur  remittere  studeat,  et  debita 
fidelitato  omnem  adhibeat  operam,  diligentiam  omnem  exhibcat,  ut 
proprio  Abbati  sicut  debet  revelet  ille  couscienciam  suam.  (Provideat 
autcm  visitator  ut  in  carta  sigilio  suo  signata,  et  afforis  dependente, 
diligentei*  scribat  qua)  corrigenda  et  ordinanda  statuerit,  et  committat 
cartam  (?autori  legendam  sequenti  anno  in  visitatione.  £t  in  cartis 
visitationum,  nunquam  aliquis  nisi  abbas  fuerit  sigillum  appendat. 
Pnccipitur  autem  visitatoribus  universis,  ut  parceudo  domibus  visitandis 
tam  in  expensis  quam  in  personarum  et  equorum  numero  moderate  per 
omnia  sc  habeaut  ct  modcste,  et  de  expensis  factis  in  visitatione,  ct  pro 
visitatoribus  tamen,  tercia  die  visitationis  computetur.  Si  quid  vero  qui 
visitatur,  cursoribus  visitatoris  dare  volncrit,  ultra  summam  duodecim 
denariorum  monetse  currentis  in  patria^  dare  minime  teneatur.)^ 

II. — Bt  Abbatibus  non  deponendis  extra  Capitulum, 

Depositionis  sententia  nuraquam  feratur  in  Abbatem  quantumcunque 
contumacem  nisi  in  Capitulo  Ordinis  nostri,  aliquanto  Abbatum  numero 
prout  in  Carta  Caritatis'^  continetur,  nichilominus  congregate.  Et 
tunc,  sive  prscsens  fuerit  sive  per  contumaciam  absens,  bujusmodi 
sententia  ferri  potest.  Ncc  in  deposicione  filii  Abbatis  nimis  pnecipitanter 
])ra;sumat  irrumpere  Pater  Abbas,  neque  sine  magno  et  maturo  consilio 
eum  deponat.  Si  quis  autcm  tale  quid  attempt averity  a  Generali 
Capitulo  gravissime  puniatur,  et  pro  meritis  recipiat  talionem.  (Et 
quicunque  extra  capitalia  ^*  Ordiuis  cesserit,  vel  institutus  fuerit,  hijguti- 
modi  cessio  vel  institutio  irrita  sit  penitus  et  inanis.  Patres  Yero 
AbbatcR  auctoritate  propria  sentenciare  non  pra^umant,  nisi  in  penona« 
Abbatiarum  qua)  sunt  filia)  suro  immediate,  et  hoc  mode  debito  et 
secundum  Ordinis  instituta,  prout  continetur  in  dii&nitione  diu  ante 
super  hoc  lata,  quae  talis  est :  "  Sententias  suspensionis  et  interdict!  a 
domino  I.,  quondam  Abbate  Cistercii,  in  Abbatem  et  Conventum  Karoli 
loci  •'  latas,  Capitulum  Generale  diffiniendo  pronuutiat  esse  nullas.  Cum 
nullus  Pater  Abbas  jurisdictioncm  habeat,  nisi  propriis  filiabua.) 

III. — De  pnblica  j)os?iit€ntia  Abbatibus  non  tryungenda. 

Patrcs  Abbatcs  vcl  qui  pro  eis  visitant,  Abbatibus  publicas  poDnitentias 
pro  Buis  exccssibus  uou  imponant.     Sed,  si  viderint  expedire,  eis  pno- 

^  Not  in  1256,  but  there  cap.  iii.  in  •'  Cap.  r, 

divided    into   two    long    pectious,    "De  ^  Apparently  for  capUuta.    See  Du- 

nimietate    debitorum,"    and    "  De    non  cange. 

acquirendo/'    'i  he  former  of  these  con-  •»  Chdlia,  a  daughter-houio  of  Foih 

cludea  with  the  first  sentence   of  this  tigny,  founded  1136;  about  two  kagaei 

bracketed  portion.  from  Beauyais.     (Janauschek,  44.) 


CiSTfifeCIAlT  StATtJTfiS.  225 

cipiant,  ut  in  Geuerali  Capitulo  inde  veniam  petaut.  Nee  Abbas  aliquis 
eodem  anno  eum  Tisitet,  a  quo  fuerit  visitatus,  (ubi  alius  poterit 
invenire)."" 

I  III. — De  amotione  Officialium  per  visiiatorem. 

Si  Pater  Abbas  visitaverit  filiam  suam  Officiales  amovere  poterit  quos 
ceilis  ex  causis  noverit  amovendos.  Causas  tamen  depositionis  prius 
proprio  Abbati  si  prsesens  fuerit  manifestet.  Alius  autem  visitator  a 
Patre  Abbate  transmissus,  nullum  depouat  ab  officio  suo,  contra  proprii 
Abbatis  voluntatem,  nisi  venerit  a  Patre  Abbate  missus  cum  plenitudiue 
potestatis.  Quam  quidem  plenitudinem  sic  exponit  Capitulum  Generale, 
quod  eandem  potestatem  habet  qui  mittitur  tarn  in  capite  quam  in 
membris,  quam  habet  pater  qui  mittit  (etiam  in  iustituendo  et  desti- 
tuendo).* 

V. — De  inquirendo  statiis  domus  in  visitatione. 

Pater  Abbas  diligenter  inquirat  statum  filia)  domus  tarn  in  tempo- 
ralibus  quam  in  spiritualibus.  £t  si  iutellexerit  eam  immoderatis 
debitis  obligataro,  poterit  auctoritate  Capituli  Generalis  facere  ut  ven- 
dantur  mobilia.  Vel  si  aliter  fieri  non  potest,  etiam  immobilia,  de 
consilio  tamen  Abbatis  et  seniorum  domus  illius,  donee  debita .  tolera- 
V>iliter  minuantur. 

VI. — De  visitatoribus,  qualiter  se  Iwhere  deheant. 

Provideant  Patres  Abbates,  ut  viros  discretes  et  zelum  Ordiuis 
habentes,  visitatores  mittant.  Visitatores  autem,  qui  forma  gregis  debeut 
esse,  prsecipue  his  intendant,  qua)  salutem  respiciunt  animarum  et 
Bpectant  ad  Ordinis  disciplinam ;  excutientes  mauus  suas  ab  omni 
Buspecto  munere,  nee  quicquam  recipiaut  nisi  in  certis  necessitatibus,  et 
prout  bona  conscientia  ipsos  dictaverit  indigere.  Et  nunquam  in 
Capitulis  nostri  Ordinis  vel  tune  vel  alio  tempore  qusestio  de  victual ibus 
proponatur.  Quod  si  quis  facere  preesumpserit,  ipsa  die  sit  in  pane  et 
aqua,  et  in  Capitulo  verberetur. 

VII. — De  Monachis  visitatoribus  assodatis, 

Monachi  qui  mittuntur  cum  Abbatibus  ad  visitandum  cum  littens 

oontinentibus  plenariam  potestatem,  sciant  quod  ad  solos  Abbates  ilia 

pertinet  plenitude.    Veramptamen  Abbates  debent  in  casibus  gravioribus 

omnia  facere  cum  consilio  eerumdem.     Dicti  vero  Monachi  visitatores 

Be  non  faciant  vocari.     Nullus  etiam  Monachus  cujuscunque  Abbatis 

Tisitatoris  socius,  in  dome  in  qua  visitaverit  cum  Abbate,  in  Abbatem 

ubi  Abbas  in  visitatione  depositus  fuerit,  illo  anno  quo  visitat  eligatur. 

Nee  aliquis  accusans  Abbatem  suum  vel  ejus  accusationem  procurans, 

Buccedat  immediate   eidem   Abbati   deposito  vel  cedenti.      Dicti  vero 

monachi  visitationes  suas  ultra  triduum  continuum  non  protelent ;  (nisi 

ex  justa  et  manifesta  causa  aliter  facere  compellantui*).*    Si  vero  post- 

quam  visitaverint,  electio  cujusquam  Abbatis  occurrerit  facienda,  elec- 

tionem  illam   secundum  formam  ordinis  si   eis  ab  eo  qui  eos  misit 

iw  "  Ubi,"  etc.,  not  in  1256.  «  "  Nisi,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

»  *' Etiam,"  etc.,  not  in  12o6. 


ii6 


tJtSTBftClAN  STATtTTES. 


concessum  fuerit  prosequantur.  In  cunctis  autem  Abbatiis  qtuui  visitant, 
ante  yisitationem  et  posty  eis  caritative  et  honorifice  necesaaria  minifi- 
trentur. 

VIII. — De  non  recijnendo  ad  umras, 

Nullus  de  csetero  quicquam  recipere  audeat  ad  usuras,'  nisi  tantom- 
modo  pro  solvendis  debitis  jam  ante  contractis,  vel  alia  magna  et  urgenti 
necessitate,  quam  tamen  Abbas  tenetur  ostendere  (Patri  Abbati,  tempore 
visitationis,  coram  consilio  domus  suse)/ 


IX. — De  Conventiims,  ne  sine  licentia  dispergantur, 

Nullus  Pater  Abbas  vel  etiam  visitator  Conventum  per  alias  domes 
ordiuis  dispergere  audeat  paupertatis  preetextu,  vel  alia  quacunque  de 
causa  sine  consensu  Capituli  Generalis.  Abbas  autem  qui  conventum 
emittet  ad  domes,  ipsum  non  mittat  ad  domes  quse  conventus  sues 
dispei'sos  habeut.  lUi  autem  ad  quos  tales  dispersi  mittuntnr,  eos 
beuigne  suscipiant,  et  sicut  propriis  honeste  provideant.  Alioquin  si  ad 
se  raissos  ordinate  recipere  noluerint,  quam  diu  Conventum  suum 
tenuerint,  gradum  Altaris  non  ascendant  usque  ad  Capitulum  Generals, 
nichilominus  veniam  super  hoc  in  ipso  Capitulo  petituri.  Abbates 
autem  qui  tales  mittunt,  honeste  eos  mittant,  et  teneant  tarn  iUi  qui 
mittunt  quam  illi  per  quos  transierint  eisdem  in  vectura  et  aliis  neoes- 
sariis  honeste  providere  ;  sicut  hucusque  in  Ordine  extitit  observatum. 
(Quamdiu  vero  alicujus  Abbaciae  conventus  dispersus  fuerit ;  nulla 
omnino  persona  ad  commorandum  sive  ad  conversionem  ibidem  recipiatiur, 


^  ProhibitioDS  of  usury  are  founded 
mainly  on  Ps.  xv.  5,  which  is  itself 
founded  on  laws  in  the  Pentateuch, 
applying  originally  at  any  rate  only  to 
dealings  among  Israelites.  Accordingly 
Jewish  doctors  teach  that  it  is  lawful  for 
the  Jew  to  take  usury  of  strangers,  but 
not  of  his  own  people.  Dr.  Neale  (on 
Ps.  XV.  6)  speaks  of  it  as  "  the  most  in- 
tensely difficult  subject  in  Christian 
morals."  The  early  Church  held  that 
the  prohibitions  applied  to  the  new  dis- 
pensation, but  reasonable  '' interest"  is 
now  allowed,  as  a  just  return  for  a  real 
service.  The  last  Papal  prohibition  was 
by  Benedict  XIV.  (1740-1758).  The 
last  legal  restriction  was  removed  in 
England  in  1889,  it  having  been  found 
that  the  law  was  constantly  evaded,  and 
that  in  the  long  run  the  matter  righted 
itself,  there  being  a  "  market  price  '*  for 
the  use  of  money  as  of  other  things.  (See 
Danson's  Lectures  on  Political  Economy, 
1876-6.  Liverpool :  H.  Young.)  It  will 
be  observed,  that  to  borrow  money  on 
usury  was  not  absolutely  forbidden  to 
the  Cistercians ;  but  in  the  13th  century 
the  ordinary  rates  of  interest  were  enor- 
mously high,  and  had  been  for  some 
time.  The  account  which  Jocelin  of 
Brakelond  gives  of  the  state  of  things 
at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  at  the  election  of 


the  reforming  abbot,  Sampson,  lets  us 
see  what  a  terrible  canker  the  usury  of 
the  12th  century  was,  and  how  it  must 
have  been  almost  impossible  for  any  once 
in  the  hands  of  the  Jews  ever  to  escape 
from  them.  (Chron.  Jocelini,  Camd. 
Soc,  suh  anno  1173.)  After  reading  this, 
we  can  understand  how  the  frequent 
popular  attacks  on,  and  massacres  of  the 
Jews,  of  which  we  read,  came  about. 
The  same  thing  was  going  on  here  then 
as  is  now  in  eastern  Europe,  and  pro- 
ducing the  same  results.  The  Jews 
dealing  in  money  amongst  an  uncommer- 
cial people  took  the  fullest  advantage  of 
the  ignorance  and  necessities  of  their 
clients  and  soon  got  nearly  all  the  capital 
of  the  country  into  their  own  hands,  and 
the  people,  finding  themselves  ruined, 
needed  little  incitement  to  take  a  violent 
revenge  on  their  destroyers.  Of  the 
many  wise  acts  for  which  England  had 
to  thank  Edward  I.,  not  the  least  so  was 
his  expulsion  of  the  Jews  from  this  land. 
■»  Instead  of  **  Patri,"  etc.,  1256  has, 
**  Capitulo  General!  Abbas,  Prior,  Gel- 
lerarius,  necnon  et  alii  Officiales,  quorum 
consilio  contra  prsesumptum  fuerit,  a 
tempore  facta;  trangressionia,  gradum 
Altaris  non  ascendant  usque  ad  sequena 
Capitulum  Generale." 


CiSTfiRCIAN   STATUTES.  HI 

nisi  talis  persona  fuerit  undo  magnum  scandalum  yel  grave  dampnum 
posset  orirl)  * 

X. — De  Visitatione  Jiliarumy  moire  vacante. 

Quotiens  aliqua  domus  Abbate  caret,  Prior  et  consilium  domus  de 
visitandis  filiabus  provideant,  non  tamen  sine  aliquo  Abbate.  Instituendi 
tamen  vel  destituendi  Abbates  vel  eorum  cessiones  recipiendi  per  se  vel 
per  alios,  uullam  se  habere  noverint  potestatem.  Si  mora  tamen  trahat 
ad  se  in  his  periculum,  recurratur  ad  consilium  sequentis  Capituli 
Generalis.  Et  abbas  filius  semel  per  annum  per  se  vel  per  litteras  matrem 
suam  visitet,  nisi  grandis  locorum  distantia  hoc  imped  iat.  (Abbate  vero 
domus  existente  in  Conventu  sive  in  Abbatia  sive  in  aliis  locis  suis  ipso 
cedente,  omnes  Abbates  de  generatione  sua  Abbatibus  cedant  bospitibus 
supervenientibus).' 

XI.  — De  qualitate  eligendorunu 

In  electionibus  faciendis,  forma  quse  continetur  in  Carta  Caritatis 
observeturJ  Et  quoniam  juxta  Beati  Benedicti  regulam,*  tales  debeut 
esse  Abbates,  qui  sint  et  sciant  undo  proferant  nova  et  Vetera."  Districte 
prsecipitiu:  tam  Patribus  Abbatibus,  quam  electoribus,  ut  laborent 
efficaciter  ad  tales  promovendos  in  Abbates,  qui,  sicut  scriptum  est,^^  vitse 
sint  laudabiles,  setatis  legitimae,  de  legitimo  matrimonio  nati,  nisi  cum 
eis  fuerit  dispensatum,  et  competentis  litteratunc.  Quod  si  aliter 
fecerint,  abbas  scienter  institutus,  omni  vja  feria  sit  in  pane  et  aqua 
usque  ad  Capitulum  Generale,  et  super  hoc  veniam  petat.  Electores 
autem  sint  in  pane  et  aqua  omni  vja  feria,  et  ultimi  omnium  per  annum. 
Et  in  singulis  electionibus  in  Capitulis,  hsec  diffinitio  recitetur. 

XII. — De  verbo  illicito  in  electionibus. 

Quia  in  electionibus  faciendis,  verbum,  quod  conspirationem  redolere 
videtur,  et  contra  rationem  esse  non  ambigimus,  proponi  solet  in  hunc 
modumy  non  accipimus  personam  nisi  de  domo  nostra  et  patria  nostra; 
statuitur  ut  a  tali  de  ctetcro  caveat ur.  Qui  vero  pertinaciter  ei  adhceserit 
ab  electione  admoveatur,  et  alius  loco  ejus  substituatur.  (Et  nullus  in 
Priorem  vel  Cellerarium  promoveatur  in  fraudem,  ut  in  alia  domo 
promoveri  non  valeat  in  Abbatem.)  " 

XIII. — Qui  pro  Abbatis  creatione  Potentes  adeunt» 

Qui  pro  abbatis  creatione  vel  aliqua  monasterii  ordinatione  Potentes 
adeunt,  et  auxilia  eorum  implorant,  a  domibus  propriis  eliminentur,  non 
nisi  per  Generale  Capitulum  reversiui.  Ille  vero  pro  quo  petitio  facta 
fuerit  si  de  ejus  consensu  emanaverit)  in  ipsa  domo  nullatenus  promo- 
veatur in  Abbatem. 

*  Instead  of   *' Quamdiu,**  etc.,  1266      Benedict. 

has  two  sentences  quite  different.  "  ''  Et    nullus/*   etc,    not   in    1256. 

*  "Abbate,"  etc.,  not  in  1256.  No  house  might  choose  as  its  abbot 
'  Ita  Cap.  Gen.  ann.  1234.  the  prior  or  cellarer  of  another  house, 
"  Gap.  Ixiy.  and  so  rob  it  of  either  of  its  chief  officers, 

*  Matth.  xiii.  52.  who  might  have  succeeded  the  abbot 
10  This  passage  seems  not   to  occur      there. 

either  in  the  Bible  or  in  the  Rule  of  St. 


^28 


CtStERClAJT  StTATtTBS. 


XIIII. — De  Ahhate  qui  recusat  domum  superiorem. 

Abbas  qui  renuerit  ad  Buperiorem  domum  generacionis  suee  ascendere, 
deponatur  (auctoritate  proprii  Patris,  vel  Capituli  Generalis)."  Nee 
recipiatur  alicujus  Abbatis  cessio  venientis  ad  Capitulum  Generale, 
neque  deponatur,  nisi  priusquam  iter  arripuerit  cessione  sua  fecent 
mentionem. 

XV. — J)e  Ahbatihus  qui  cedunU 

Abbates  qui  Abbatias  suas  relinquunt,  in  ordinem  suum  redeant,  et 
infra  duos  menses  professionem  faciant,"  si  potest  fieri  competenter.  (Qua 
facta,  nichil  sine  licentia  retinere  prsesumant.  Et  si  ad  aliam  domum 
causa  profitendi  trausire  voluerint,  eis  in  equitaturis  et  expensis  pro- 
videatur  honorifice  et  benigne.  Qui  vero  sic  sponte  cedit,  quam  voluerit 
domum  sibi  eligat  gratia  profitendi.  Abbas  autem  ad  quern  talis  accedit 
recipere  ipsum  teneatur.     Alioquin  noverit  so  suspensum.)  " 


XVI. — De  Ahhate  deposito. 

Abbas  depositus  in  ilia  domo  non  nisi  de  licentia  Patris  Abbatis 
remaneut,  sed  ad  aliam  domum  se  transferrat,  et  infra  duos  menses 
professionem  faciat ;  si  potest  fieri  competenter.  Alioquin  pro  fugitivo 
habeatur.  (Si  vero  de  crimine  legitime  convictiis  vel  manifesto  confessus 
fuerit,  non  eligatur  iterum  in  Abbatem,  nisi  de  licentia  Capituli 
Generalis.)  ^* 

XVII. — De  von  pivsequenda  causa  deposUionis. 

Sicut  prohibitum  est  ne  ullus  Abbas  electionis  suec  causam  prose- 
quatur,  sic  quoque  districte  prohibetur,  ne  aliquis  causam  audeat  prosequi 
suse  depositionis.  Vicini  autem  Abbates,  quera  injuste  depositura  audie- 
rint,  illud  denuntient  Capitulo  Generali.  (Adjicientes  quod  quicunquo 
Abbas  depositus  fuerit  contra  juris  et  ordinis  instituta,  in  gradum 
pristinum  restituatur.  Et  sic  depouens,  absque  retractatione  qualibet 
deponatur.)  ^^ 

XVIII. — De  electo  in  Episcopum, 

Abbas  vel  Monachus  nostri  Ordinis  in  Episcopum  electus,  noti 
consentiat  unquam  sine  consensu  Abbatis  sui  et  Cisterciensis,  nisi  forte 
a  domino  Papa  vel  ejus  Legato  cogatur.  Qui  vero  aliter  fecerit,  a 
socletate  Ordinis  se  noverit  amotum.  Nee  aliqua  persona  nostri  Ordinis, 
si  de  ejus  electione  in  Episcopum  controversia  orta  fuerit :  causam  super 
hoc  in  tret  vel  judicem  adeat. 


12  "  Auctoritate/'  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

13  That  is,  they  must  formally  profess 
obedience  to  the  new  abbot,  or  to  some 
other  abbot  under  whom  they  choose  to 

live. 

"  After  "competenter,"  1256  goes  on, 
*'  alioquin  pro  f  ugitivis  habeantur  ;  et  si  in 
domo  in  qua  abbatisavenmt  professionem 
fecerint,  nisi  quieti  et  humiles  et  obe- 
dientes  fuerint,  ad  domum  aliam  emit- 


tantur.**  The  Nomasticon  gives  in  the 
margin  an  ordinance  of  the  General 
Chapter  of  1260,  to  the  effect  that  great 
honour  and  kindness  are  to  be  shown  to 
resigning  abbots  ;  they  are  to  be  excused 
from  ordinary  duties,  and  may  nleep  in 
the  in6rmaiy,  where  a  place  of  honour  is 
to  be  assigned  to  them. 

i«  "Si  vero,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

"  "  Adjicieutes;"  etc.,  not  in  12:6. 


CISTEBCIAN  STATUTES. 


£29 


XIX. — De  personis  Ordinis,  JSpiscopis  Ordinis  concedendis, 

Episcopis  assumptis  de  Ordine  nostro,  solaoia  ^^  poteruut  administrari 
de  nostris,  usque  ad  duos  Monachos  et  tres  Conversos,  si  tot  fuerint 
necessarii,  ita  tamen  ut  neminl  illorum  saecularia  uegocia  vel  curse, 
contra  honestatem  Ordinis,  imponantur.  Propter  ipsos  autem  Episcopos, 
si  in  Infirmitoriis  nostri  Ordinis  jacuerint ; "  poterunt  servitores  eorum 
ab  horis  canonicis  remanere.  Similiter  et  socii  eorum  qui  assidue  sunt 
cum  eis.  Caeterorum  autem  nuUus  pro  quolibet  Episcopo,  intra  terminos 
Abbatise,  horam  canonicam  dimittat.  Et  nullus  monaohus  eorum 
comedat  cum  eis;  nisi  juxta  morem  iufirmorum  se  habuerit.  Nee 
oliquis  Abbas  vel  Mouachus  post  Oompletorium  in  Conventu  finitum, 
cum  ipso  vel  coram  ipso  loquatur.  Et  si  equitaverit  cum  ipso,  genua 
flectere  in  horis  canonicis  non  omittat/^ 

XX. — De  Priore  faciendo, 

Priores  nullatenus  eligantur  a  Conventu,  sed  Abbates  ipsos  instituant 
cum  consilio  Fratrum  timentium  Deum,  quos  et  quomodo  ad  hoc 
voluerint  convocare.  Et  non  professus  non  promoveatur  in  Priorem, 
Suppriorem,  Cellerarium,  vel  Confessorem. 


Incipiunt  cjapitula  octave  distinctionis. 

1.  De  sigillifl,  et  ngiUatione  litterarum. 

2.  De  expensis  Abbatum  et  Officialium. 

3.  De  CoUoquiis. 

4.  De  Prioribus,  quod  nichil  habeant  proprium. 

5.  De  Computationibus  Cellerariorum. 

6.  De  Infirmario. 

7.  De  Vestiario. 

8.  De  Custodia  Claustri. 

9.  De  pecunia  penes  Officiales  non  cnstodienda. 
10.  De  judicio  sanguinis  non  exercendo. 


Incipit  viij  distinction  quae  agit  de  Officialibus, 

I. — De  sigillis  et  sigUlatione  litterarum, 

Sigilla  Abbatum  cedentium  vel  dtcedentium  tanta  diligentia  custo- 
diantur,  quod  nullum  inde  possit  periculum  evenire.^    Nee  ullus  Abbas 


*'  Term  for  "  helps,"  or  servants. 

^  This  does  not  necessarily  mean  lying 
sick.  A  bishop  of  the  order  might  be 
lodged  in  the  infirmary  for  the  more 
comfort,  as  we  have  just  seen  that  a 
retired  abbot  might. 

1'  At  the  beginning  of  this  chapter, 
the  Nomasticon  has  the  note  *'  Ita  Cap. 
Gen.  ann.  1220,"  and  at  the  end,  one 
referring  to  Liber  Us^mm,  cap.  88,  as  to 
the  genuflection.  The  passage  is  **  Dic- 
turus  boras  per  viam  si  dies  prostemendi 
fuerit)    in    terram    orationi    incumbat, 


dicens  Gloria  Patri  rursum  genua  flectak, 
silentium  tenens  quousque  locatus  ca^p- 
tarn  prosequatur  horam.  Tarn  die  quam 
nocte  dum  non  equitaverit,  stans  horas 
si  non  multum  gravatur  dicat."  (Guig- 
nard,  195  ;  Nomast.  19^,  where  it  is 
pointed  out  in  a  note  that  this  was  the 
eleventh  distinction  between  the  Cis- 
tercians and  the  Cluniacs,  that  the  latter 
did  not  bend  their  knees  while  on  travel, 
as  required  by  Reg.  8.  Ben. ,  cap.  50. ) 

^  It  was  usual  to  break  or  deface  seals 
when  the  owners  were  dead,  lest  they 


230 


CI8TBBCIAN  STATUTEa. 


sigillo  suo  permittat  litteras  sigillari ;  nisi  prius  eas  viderit  vel  audierity 
uec  pergameno  vacuo  sigillam  snum  apponi,  neque  duo  sigiUa  principalia 
habere  prsesiimat  (Sed  qiiilibet  habeat  contra-sigillum  quo  in  minoribos 
utatur  negociis,  et  quo  pnecipue  litters  emissorum  sigilientury  cujua 
superscriptio  taliB  sit ;  '  Contra-sigillum  talis  Abbatise.'  Neo  Conyentiis 
si^um  proprium  habeat)  '*  Sed  nee  Prior  nee  alii  Officiales  sigillam 
habeant  in  quo  nomea  Abbatise  contiueatur.^  Alioquin  quandia 
habueriuty  omni  vi*  feria  sint  in  pane  et  aqua.  Nee  in  sigillis  Ordinis 
discordia  habeatur,  sed  sola  effigie  cum  baculo**  figurentnr."  Neo 
unquaro  in  cartia  suis  ponant  aliqui  de  Ordine,  hoc  vel  hoc  promittimm  in 
verio  ventatis.^ 

II. — Be  expensU  Abbatum  et  OfficialiunL 

Pnecipitur  ut  tarn  Abbates  quam  alii  Offioiales  expensas  aocipiant  de 
communi.  (Nee  aliunde  Monachus  vel  Conveisus  quicquam  espensarum 
occasione  recipere  audeat  vel  prsesumat.)^  £t  in  singulis  computa- 
tionibus  quod  expendennt  exprimere  non  omittant.  Dona  vero  ^  qute 
fecerint  Abbates,  Priorcs,  vel  CeUerarii,  conscribantur  et  in  oomputa- 
tionibus  recitentur.     Nee  pro  expensis,  redditus  habeant  aut  proventus 


Bhonld  afterwards  be  fraudulently  used. 
In  a  Privilegium  of  Benedict  XII.,  a.D. 
1334,  it  is  directed  that  every  convent  of 
any  monastery  or  other  conventual 
place  of  the  Order  shall  have  its  proper 
and  special  seal  (Henriquez.  p.  94,  §  2). 
Abbots  or  other  presidents  of  conventual 
places  are  always  to  put  their  seals  to 
documents  executed  with  the  consent  of 
the  convent  generally,  and  the  seals  are 
to  bear  the  proper  name  of  the  abbot  or 
president  (ibid.  §  9). 

21  "Sed  quilibet,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 
A  convent  might  not  have  a  seal  of  its 
own  apart  from  the  abbot.  Benedictine 
convents  had,  as  Durham,  Bury,  and 
Westminster. 

^  This  was  only  permitted  to  the  chief 
officer.  At  Bury  no  less  than  thirty-three 
seals  had  to  be  given  up  at  one  time. 
(Jocelin,  p.  28.) 

23  •«  Vel  cum  manu  sola  et  baculo," 
1256. 

2<  Seals  of  Cistercian  abbeys  often  con- 
tain, within  a  vesica,  a  standing  figure 
of  Our  Lady  with  the  Holy  Child  in  her 
arms,  to  whom  sometimes  she  is  pre- 
senting the  breast.  Below,  under  an 
arch,  an  abbot  on  his  knees,  with  the 
pastoral  staff.     The  earliest   ones  have 

8IGILLVM  COMMVNS  ABBATHIB  (or,  ABBATIS 

ET  CONVENTVS)  D8 .   Later  ones  have 

the  name  of  the  abbot,  as  above  pre- 
scribed, thus,  F.    DAUID  JUYNER  ABBATIS 

DE  CLBYUA,  with  shield  bearing  the  arms 
of  the  abbot  and  of  his  abbey.  (Hugo*s 
Charters  of  Cleeve.)  A  Fountains  seal 
of  the  13th  century  is  entirely  occupied 
by  three  niches,  the  central  one  contain- 


ing a  figure  of  an  abbot  in  plain  chasuble, 
with  pastoral  staff  and  iK)ok,  but  no 
mitre,  and  on  either  side  of  him  a  monk 
in   ordinary  habit.     The  inscription   is 

(SIOILLYM  OOMMYNE)  ABB'IB  ST  CON  .   .   . 

(8.  m)arie  db  roNTi(BU8).  (Walbran*8 
Fountains,  p.  1.)  The  very  un-Cistercian 
looking  seal  of  Fountains  represented, 
with  the  counter-seal,  at  p.  box.  of  the 
same  work,  trangresses  not  only  in  the 
number  of  figures,  and  the  *' curiosity" 
of  its  diapered  bsickground,  prospect  of 
the  church,  etc,  but  in  not  having  the 
name  of  the  abbot ;  it  is  dated  (in  Arabic 
figures)  1410.  The  church  is  represented 
as  cruciform,  and  having  a  low  central 
tower  with  low  pyramidal  roof.  The 
inscription  has  been  (sigillvm  commu)nb 

ABBATIS     k     CONUKNTUS      DB      FONTIBOB. 

Above  the  roofs  of  the  church  appear 
the  heads  of  an  archbishop  and  an  abbot, 
probably  meant  for  Thurstan  and  St. 
Bernard.  Five  Newminster  seals  are  en- 
graved as  the  title-page  to  the  Newminster 
Cartulary,  Surtees  Soc.,  vol.  Izvi.  That 
of  St.  Kobert,  the  first  abbot,  bears  a 
hand  grasping  a  pastoral  staff,  with  the 

words  4*SI(}^'V'  ABBIS  DK  novo  MONA8TE. 

There  is  a  long  chapter  about  seals  in 
NomasticoQ,  p.  543  (1289). 

2^  Apparently  because  the  promise  of 
a  Cistercian  should  require  no  such 
affirmation.  He  should  be  believed,  like 
the  men  of  Eipon,  '*  per  suum  ya  et  per 
suum  na."  (Memorials  of  Ripon,  Surteea 
Soc.,  vol.  i.,  p.  90.) 

28  **Nec  aliunde,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

27  Hoc  ita  censuit  Cap.  Qen.  an.  1195, 


CISTERCIAN  STATUTES. 


281 


specialiter  assignatos.  Quamdiu  hoc  habuerint  quia  species  proprietatis 
est^  ab  officio  Altaiis  abstineant.  (Conventus  etiam,  seu  quse  cunque 
Ordinis  persona  vineras  proprias,  viua,  pecuniam,  redditus  vol  etiam 
animalia  sibi  apropriata  habere  non  praesumant,  cum  hoc  non  sit  a 
proprietatis  specie  alienum,  sed  secundum  formam  Eegulao  ad  Abbatis 
arbttrium  omnia  disponautur.  Transgressores  in  parte  ista  et  rebelles 
Monaohi  vel  Conversi,  seu  qui  datores  dictorum  bonorum  super  prsefatis 
quoquomodo  soUicitaverit^  sententiso  proprietariorum  per  omnia  subjace- 
bunt)» 

III. — De  Colloquiis, 

Studeaat  Abbates,  Monachi  et  Conversi,  ut  quaudo  ad  colloquium  ^^ 
oonyenerint  talia  inter  se  colloquia  babeant ;  quse  gravitatem  redoleant 
et  salutem  respiciant  animarum,  Prior,  Supprior,  vel  Gustos  Ordinis,  cum 
aliquos  de  Monaohis  vel  Conversis  coram  ipsis  loqui  contigerit,  si  contra 
formam  Ordinis  prsesoriptam  scienter  fieri  permiserint,  prout  meruerint 
puniantur. 

IV. — De  PriortbuSy  quod  nichil  habeant  proprium, 

Priores  Ordinis  non  habeant  pecoora,^  neque  cappam,  neque  calcaria, 
sed  nichil  omnino  proprium,  neque  de  redditibus  et  elemosinis  collatis  ad 
pitantias'*  faciendas  Conventibus,  se  aliquatenus  intromittant,  sed  ad 
nutum  Abbatis  omnia  disponantur.  Priores  hujus  sententisB  transgres- 
sores deponantur.  Additur  etiam  ut  nichil  omnino  dare  praesumant,  tam 
ipfd  Prions  quam  Cellerarii  et  alii  Offioiales  domus  contra  prseceptum  vel 
prohibitionem  proprii  Abbatis.  Quicunque  transgressus  fuerit,  omni 
Tj*  feria  sint  in  pane  et  aqua  usque  ad  nutum  Abbat  is  suL 

V. — De  CompuUUionihus  Gellerariorum, 

Major  Cellerarius  ^  quando  Abbas  voluerit,  de  omnibus  quse  accipit 
et  expendit,  Abbati  vel  quibus  ipse  jusserit  computet.  Magistri  autem 
giBDgiaram  et  (Conversi)   alii    qui   prsesuut    operariis,    in   pneseutia 


*  '*  ConyentuB,"  etc.,  not  in  1256. 

*  "Per  hsc  colloquia  initio  quidem 
■piiitiiftlia  sed  paulAtim  subinde  inutilia, 
cepit  enerrari  in  Ordine  antiqua  jugis 
ailentii  diaciplina.  Porro  de  hia  CoUoquiia 
aie  fttatuit  Cajp.  Gen.  an.  1232.  Propter 
eoUationea  illicitas  de  medio  tollendaa 
■tatuitur,  nt  quando  Monachi  causa  solatii 
«d  Colloquium  ab  Ordinis  Custode  vo- 
cantor,  illud  Colloquium  sit  de  Sanctorum 
iniraealis,  da  verbis  »dificatoriis,  et  de 
liis  qu»  pertinent  ad  Mtlutem  animarum, 
«scluait  detractionibus,  contentionibu:!, 
«i  aliis  Tanitotibus."    (Nomast.  828.) 

*  "Neque  scriptoria,  neque  clavea," 
1256L 

"  Extra  commons  or  allowance  over 
«nd  aboTe  the  ordinary  fare,  served  at 
^le  end  of  a  meal  in  the  prater.  Pittances 
'Were  provided  by  benefactors  and  dis- 
tributed to  the  monks  on  particular  days. 
It  is  Mid  thai  at  first  they  wera  of  the 


value  of  one  pida^  a  very  small  coin  of 
Poictou,  to  each  person.  The  word, 
however,  occurs  as  pietantia^  and  in 
perhaps  quite  as  likel}'  to  be  connected 
with  **  piety."  (See  Prompt.  Parv.  and 
Ducange. )  It  is  one  of  those  words 
which  have  "come  down  in  the  world," 
and  its  modern  use  may  well  have  arisen 
out  of  monks  being  dissatisfied  with  their 
"  pittances."  At  Newminster  there  were 
endowments  for  pittances  of  bread,  good 
ale,  and  salmon,  on  the  anniversaries  of 
the  donors'  deaths,  the  idea  being  that 
pious  monks  would  be  moved  by  gratitude 
to  pray  for  their  souK  (Newminster 
Cart.,  pp.  118,  119.) 

^  The  cellarer  was  a  very  important 
ofiBcer,  being  guardian  of  all  Uie  temporal 
property  of  the  convent  as  the  prior  was, 
under  the  abbot,  of  its  spiritual  concerns. 
He  presided  over  the  household  as  general 
purveyor  and  bursar. 


232 


CISTERCIAN  STATUTES. 


Cellerorii  vel  quibus  cum  eo  jusserit  Abbas  similiter  faciant.  (Sulieram 
vero  monasterii  in  nummis  vel  in  alia  peocunia  his  cui  jusserit  Abbas 
custodiat.)^  Ipse  autem  Abbas  provideat  aliquos  qui  oum  Custode 
conscii  sint  depositorum  et  eorum  quae  babentur  in^bbatis.  (Hoo 
proviso^  ut  nullius  Abbatis  vel  Ceilerarii  consanguineus,  Bursarius  vel 
Gustos  depositorum  aliquatenus  in  Ordine  habeatur,  cum  ex  hoo  multa 
pericula  dicuntur  Ordiui  provenisse)  ^ 

VI. — De  Infirmario, 

Magistcr  iufirmorum  ^  loqui  poterit  cum  solaciis  ^  suis,  looo  et  modo 
quo  abbas  viderit  expedire.  Servitores  tamen  minime  coram  eo  inter  se 
loquantur. 

VII. — De  Vestiario, 

Mouachus  vestiarius^'  loqui  potest  sutoribus,  pellificibus,  tcxtoribns 
magistris,  tantum  in  officinis  eorum,  et  ubi  vestes  reponuntur  et 
scinduntur.  De  communi  labore,  de  beuedictione  Collationis,  de  orationi' 
bus  divini  Officii,  si  Abbati  visum  fuerit,  excusetur.  Ad  eundem  pertinet 
providere  de  lactis  hospitum  et  vestibus  exhibendis.  CucuUam  prseparet 
ad  Novitium  benedicendum,  et  afferat  ad  Ecclesiam.  Cappam"  vero 
recipiat  et  reponat.  Vestes  Monacborum  et  caetera  necessaria,  ubi  jussum 
fuerit,  distribuat,  et  calciamenta  eorum  vel  indumenta  faciat  cum  opus 
fuerit  reparari.  Verumptamen  extra  septa  Monasterii  non  egrediatur 
sine  lioentia. 

VIII. — De  Cicstodia  Claustri. 

Ad  hostia  Claustri  '•  in  majoribus  congregationibus  duo  Monachi  vel 
Monachus  et  Con  versus  vicissim  sedeant,  qui  scDCulares  claustrum  ingredi 
volentes,  diligenter  et  honeste  studeant  amovere,  ibidem  boras  canonicas 
solventes.  Qui  etiam  cum  illis  loqui  poterunt  quos  ab  ingressu  claustri 
amovebunt,  et  hoc  in  loco  competenti  non  longe  ab  hostio  claustri,**  Si 
alter  illorum  Con  versus  fuerit,  ad  invicem  loqui  poterunt.  In  minoribus 
autem  Congregationibus  unum  maturis  moribus  ad  hoc  sufficiat  deputari, 
qui  cum  necesse  fuerit  de  prima  refectione  remanere  poterit,  et  prceterea 
eandem  quam  prsediximus  habeat  facultatem.*** 

IX. — De  pecunia  penes  Offidalea  non  custodienda, 
Quicunque  Officialis  Monachus  vel  Conversus  officii  sui  causa  aliquam 


M  *'Suberam/'  etc.,  not  in  1256. 
Suhera  is  petty  cash.  See  Ducange,  under 
Suberia.  For  his  we  should  doubtless 
read  is. 

^  "Hoc  proviso,"  etc.  A  paragraph 
to  the  same  effect  is  given  in  the  margin  of 
the  Nomasticon  as  added  in  some  MSS. 

^  The  infirmarer  had  jurisdiction  over 
and  resided  in  the  infirmary,  on  which 
see  above,  vol.  ix.  p.  345,  n.  The  hall  in 
which  the  infirmarer  kept  his  table  sur- 
vives in  canons'  houses  at  Westminster, 
Canterbury,  Ely,  Peterborough,  and  Dur- 
ham, (all  Benedic  line). 

^  Persons  in  attendance  on  the  sick, 
to  attend  to  their  bodily  wanti  and  be 


companions  for  them. 

37  At  Durham,  Bury,  etc.  (Benedictine), 
this  oflScer  was  styled  "  Chamberlain  ** 
(camerarius). 

^  Probably  the  upper  dress  which  the 
novice  brought  with  him. 

*  ItaCap.  Gen.  an.  1217. 

**  One  of  the  audiloria  locnt^rirr^  or 
*' parlours."  (See  Micklethwaite  iu 
Journal,  vol.  vii.,  p.  247.) 

•«*  At  Durham  he  was  called  a  porter 
that  did  keep  the  cloister  door,  and  he 
had  a  wooden  seat  boarded  under  foot, 
for  warmness.  (Rites,  67.)  There,  in  the 
16th  century,  ho  was  not  a  monk,  but  a 
paid  servant. 


CISTEHCIAN  STATUTES. 


238 


pecimiam  habuerit,  non  penes  se  retineat  nisi  modicum  aliquid  de  Abbatis 
Bui  licentia  speciali ;  sed  Custodi  communium  depositorum  custodiendam 
oommittat,  at  de  consilio  et  consensu  proprii  Abbatis  expendat.  De 
reoeptis  Tero  et  expensis,  Abbati  suo  vel  cui  ipse  jusserit  reddat  in 
oomputationibus  rationem.  £t  specialiter  statuitur  ut  Celleraii  et  alii 
Officiales  cum  paucioribus  expensis  *^  et  equitaturis  quam  poterunt  sua 
officia  exequantur. 

X. — De  judicio  ianguinis  non  exercendo, 

Nulli  lioeat  judicium  sanguinis  exercere  per  Monachum  yel  Con- 
TersunL^  De  furibus  vero  et  malefactoribus  nostris,  conqueri  possumus 
justlcise  ssBculari,  ut  ab  eorum  violeutia  nos  defendat. 


^  Cum  paucioribus,  etc.  Ita  Cap.  Qen. 
1227. 

^  On  ^t  judicium  aanguiniSj  iee  Du- 
cuigp,  •.▼.  Sanguia,  2.  It  means  the 
power  to  deal  with  cases  of  bloodshed, 
whidi  a  lord  of  a  manor  might  exercise 
in  pentm  or  by  his  deputy.    It  is  here 


meant  that  no  monk  or  lay-brother  shall 
act  .IS  deputy  either  for  a  manor  of 
which  the  monks  were  lords,  or  for  any 
other.  But  tbieves  and  other  felons  who 
were  within  their  manorial  jurisdiction, 
not  those  who  were  of  the  nouse  itself, 
were  to  be  handed  oyer  to  seoular  justice » 


{To  he  eoniinued.) 


TOI..  X. 


K 


THE  YORKSHIRE  PORTION  OF  LELAND'S  "ITINERARY," 

Communioatod  by  THOMAS  BRATSHAW. 

Leland  tells  us  that  King  Henry  VIIL  in  the  25th  ^  year 
of  his  reign,  gave  a  "  raoste  gratius  commission  '*  to  him  "  to 
peruse  and  diligently  to  serche  al  the  Libraries  of  Monasteries 

and  Collegies  of  this Reaulme,  to  the  intente  that 

the  Monumentes  of  auncient  Writers  as  welle   of  other 

Nations,  as  of  this Province  mighte  be  brought  owte 

of  deadely  darkenes  to  lyvely  lighte,''  and  by  virtue  of  this 
commission  Leland  traversed  the  greater  portion  of  England 
and  Wales.  The  result  of  these  travels  was  his  celebrated 
''  Itinerary,"  which  was  "geven  of  him  as  a  Newe  Yeares 
Gyfte  to  King  Henry  the  VHL  in  the  xxxvii.  Yeare  of 
his  Raygne." 

This  "  Itinerary"  has  been  published  more  than  once,  but 
by  far  the  best  edition  is  that  of  T.  Hearne,  M.A.,  and 
published  in  1710-12,  in  nine  volumes,  of  which  a  Second 
edition  was  issued  in  1744,  and  a  third  in  1768-1770. 
This  book  is  now  very  scarce  and  costly,  and  con- 
sequently only  accessible  to  the  few ;  and  for  this  reason 
it  has  been  thought  desirable  to  extract  such  portions  as 
relate  to  the  County  of  York.  The  third  edition,  which  is 
considered  the  best,  has  been  the  one  followed. 

By  far  the  greatest  portion  of  the  information  relating  to 
this  county  is  to  be  found  in  Vol.  I.,  in  which  the  route 
taken  by  Leland  is  as  follows  : — 

Bawtry.  Thorne.  Sandal  Magna. 

Doncaster.  Wakefield. 

Tickhill.  Doncaster.  Pontefract. 

Conisbrough,  Wentbridge.  Castleford. 

Doncaster.  Pontefract.  Whitwood. 

Hatfield.  Nostel  Priory.  Aberford. 

*  So  according  to  Heume,    Bale  and  Brook  put  it  down  as  the  85th  year. 


THE  YOBKSHIBB  POBTION  OF  LELAND's   "  ITINEBABY/'      285 


LeadHalL 

Walkington. 

Breckenbrough. 

Saxton. 

Northcave. 

Kirkby  Wiska 

Towton. 

Scalby. 

Northallerton. 

Ulleekelfe. 

Howden. 

Smeaton, 

Tadcoster. 

Wressel. 

Sockbum. 

Wetherby. 

York. 

Harewood. 

Stockton. 

Eggleston  Abbey. 

Otley. 

New  Malton. 

Greta  Bridge. 

Healaagh. 

Sherbum. 

Kavensworth. 

York. 

Seamer. 

Richmond. 

Kexby. 

Scarborough. 

Middleham. 

Wilberfoss. 

Flamborough. 

Wensley. 

Baroby. 

Bridlington. 

Bolton. 

Hayton. 

Hornsea. 

Jervaulx. 

Thorp. 

Bavenser. 

Masham. 

Shipton. 

Patrington. 

Grewelthorpe. 

Market  Weighton. 

Hedou. 

Kirkby  Malzeart. 

Sancton. 

Hull 

Ripon. 

T  ^k/^lrntifi  a1  i\ 

West  Tanfield. 
Hutton  Conyers. 

Beverley. 

Scarborough. 

Cottingham. 

Ayton. 

He  wick. 

EingBton-on-Hull. 

Brompton  (?). 

Boroughbridge. 

Patrington. 

Wilton. 

Aldborough. 

Bavenser. 

Pickering. 

Knaresborough. 

Hornsea. 

Appleton. 

Plompton. 

Bridlington. 

Hinderskelfe. 

Spofiforth. 

Flamborough  Head. 

Sheriflf  Hutton. 

Wetherby. 

Soarborough. 

York. 

Brotherton. 

Bobin  Hood's  Bay. 

Crayke. 

Ferrybridge. 

Whitby. 

Tollerton. 

Wentbridge. 

Mouth  of  R  Tees. 

Myton. 

Doncaster. 

Helperby. 
Topcliflfe. 

Rossington. 

to  Blyth,  m  Not 

^ingston-on-HulI . 

Beverley. 

Thirak. 

tinghamshire. 

There  are  also  notes  on  the  Espec  family,  one  of  whom 
'^Unded  the  Monasteries  of  Kirkham  and  Kievaulx.  Vols, 
tt.  and  III.  deal  principally  with  the  south  western  part  of 
Kogland,  and  there  are  no  entries  in  them  relating  to 
Yorkshire. 

The  items  in  VoL  IV.  are  principally  genealogical,  relating 
to  the  possessions  of  the  Lacy,  Scrope,  Bowes,  Ros,  Ec- 
taundetoun  and  Montefort  families  in  this  county. 

Vol.  V.  would  probably  have  contained  much  information 
^^lating  to  Yorkshire,  but  unfortunately  there  are  two  great 
gape  in  the  parts  referring  to  Yorkshire,  (folios  86  to  90,  and 
107  to  112),  of  which  the  original  manuscript  has  been  lost. 
'Ihe  first  of  these  gaps  probably  took  in  a  great  part  of  the 


R  2 


236  THE  YOrwKSHIRE   PORTION   OP 

north- western  portion  of  the  county,  as  folio  85  breaks  off 
at  Kendal,  and  the  Itinerary  recommences  in  folio  91  at 
liyland.  The  second  hiatus  would  relate  to  the  northera 
part,  as  the  account  leaves  Leland  at  Hovingham,  reappear- 
ing in  folio  113  at  Richmond.  Leland's  route,  so  far  as  it  can 
be  given,  is  as  follows  : — 


Byland. 

Cawood. 

Nostel  Priory. 

Newborough. 

Sherburn. 

Great  Houghton. 

Crayke. 

Milburn. 

Brierley. 

York. 

Ferrybridge. 

Eotherham,  and  thence 

Bishopthorpe. 

Pontefract. 

to  Worksop. 

It  is  impossible  to  give  any  definite  route  to  bring  in  the 
places  mentioned  in  the  latter  part  of  Vol.  V.,  but  there  are 
a  few  notes  on  Hallamshire  and  many  on  the  various  places 
of  interest  in  Wensleydale  and  Swaledale. 

The  notes  in  Vol.  VI.  are  purely  genealogical,  referring 
to  the  families  of  Fairfax,  Gower,  Hungate,  Metcalfe,  Mallet, 
and  Phillips. 

In  Vol.  VII.  notes  are  given  relating  to  Wakefield, 
Bradford,  Beverley,  and  Leeds.  Leland  has  evidently 
intended  giving  full  notes  on  Doncaster,  Hull,  Pickering, 
Tadcaster,  Boroughbridge,  York,  Catterick,  Ripon,  and 
Richmond,  as  the  names  of  these  towns  are  given  and  a 
considerable  space  left  below  each,  but  unfortunately  these 
spaces  are  left  blank. 

In  Vol.  VIII.  many  extracts  are  given  relating  to  the  Scrope 
family ;  and  the  town  and  neighbourhood  of  Richmond, 
Wensleydale,  &c.,  are  described  with  considerable  detail. 

In  Vol.  IX.  a  note  on  York  is  given  in  Leland's 
"  Syllabus." 

Most  of  the  notes  to  Leland's  account  are  by  Mr.  Hearne, 
and  to  these  no  initial  is  attached  ;  where  an  initial  is  found, 
such  note  is  from  the  pen  of  some  other  commentator.  The 
initals  are  as  follows  : — 

B.— Burton.  St.— Stowe.  G.— Gale. 

A  number  of  the  notes  simply  show  that  some  alteration 
(almost  always  a  trifling  one)  has  been  made  in  the  spelling 
of  Hearne's^rs^  edition. 

I  may  add  that  Mr,  Hearne  added  the  following  articles  or 


c< 


LELANDS   "ITINERARY. 


•) 


237 


extracts    relating    to    Yorkshire,    to    his    edition    of   the 
"Itinerary  " : — 

Vol.  I.  A  Discourse  concerning  some  Antiquities  lately  found  in 
Yorkshire — in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Thoresby  of  Leeds.  With  an  Extract  out 
of  Mr.  Thoresby 's  letter  that  occasioned  this  Discourse. 

Vol.  III.  Note  from  Dodsworth's  MSS.  relating  to  the  foundation  of 
the  Free  School  of  Skirlaugh,  in  the  County  of  York. 

Vol  IV.  Notes  from  Dodsworth's  MSS.  :— 

(a)  On  a  Castle  at  Leeds. 

(b)  Proclamation  at  Yule-tide  by  the  Sheriffs  of  York. 

(c)  On  the  Bounds  of  the  Parish  of  St.  Maurice,  at  York. 

A  Letter  from  Mr.  Ralph  Thoresby  of  Leeds,  to  Dr.  Hans  Sloane, 
concerning  some  Antiquities  found  in  Yorkshire. 

Vol.  VI.  In  a  letter  from  the  Rev^.  Francis  Brokesby  relating  to  the 
Antiquities  and  Natural  History  of  England,  reference  is  made  to  the 
mineral  springs,  <fec.,  of  Yorkshire ;  and  in  the  preface  to  the  volume  an 
account  is  given  of  a  woman  in  Mr.  Brokesby's  parish  (Rowley,  in  the 
£a8t  Riding)  who  professed  to  be  over  140  years  of  age. 

In  an  "  Essay  towards  the  recovery  of  the  Courses  of  the  four  great 
Roman  Ways,"  references  are  made  to  the  Roman  Roads  in  Yorkshire, 
and  to  the  "  Devil's  Arrows  "  at  Borough  Bridge. 


VOL.  L 
Leland  enters  Yorkshire  from  Noitinghamshire. 

From  Scroby  to  Batotre  a  Mile  or  more.  Fol.  37. 

Riding  a  very  litle  '  beyond  Scroby  Manor  Place,  I  passid  by 

a  Forde  over  the Ryver  :  And  so  betwixt  the  Pales  of 

2.  Parkes  longging  to  Scroby  I  came  to  Bautre, 

Bavftre  is  very  bare  'and  poore  *and  poore  Market  Toune 
standing  yn  Yorkshire ^  as  the  Inhabitantes  of  it  told  me :  so 
that  by  this  it  shold  seme  that  Scroby  Water  in  sum  partes 
devidith  the  Shires. 

From  Bautre  to  Dancaster  *  an  ^  vij.  Miles  by  a  great  Plaine 
and  Sandy  Ground  caullid  Blithelo,  by  the  name  of  Blith  Ryver. 
But  or  I  cam  to  Dancaster  I  passid  over  the  Ford  of  a  Brooke 
a  3.  Miles  of,  wher,  ^  as  I  remembre,  is  RoidngUm  Bridge. 

I  notid  these  thinges  especially  yn  the  Towne  of  Dancaster.     Fol.  88. 
The  faire  and  large  Paroch  Chirche  of  S,  George^  standing  in 
the  very  Area,  where  ons  the  Castello  of  the  Toune  stoode, 
long  sins  clone  decayid.     The  Dikes  partely  yet  be  seene  and 


^  fiyyond. 

•  and  a  poore  Market  Toune,  G. 
^  Bedufldami, 

*  about  vij  Mile?,  G. 


<  'Twas  first  written  viij.  but  the  fixvt  i 
is  blotted  out  by  Mr.  Leland's  own  Hand. 
"*  Demnty  Burt. 


238  THE  YORKSHIRE   PORTION  OP 

foundation  of  Parte  of  the  Waulles.  There  is  a  likelihod  that 
when  this  Chirch  was  erectid  much  of  the  Ruines  of  the 
Castelle  was  taken  for  the  Fundation  and  the  filling  of  the 
Waullis  of  it. 

There  standith  an  olde  Stone  House  at  the  Est  Ende  of  the 
Chirch  of  S.  George  now  usid  for  the  Town  House  :  the  which, 
as  sum  suppose,  was  a  pece  of  the  Building  of  the  old  Castelle 
or  made  of  the  Kuines  of  it. 

There  is  in  the  Declining  in  area  Castelli  a  prati  litle  House 
buildid  of  Tymbre  as  a  College  for  the  Prestes  of  the  Toun. 

There  was  a  nother  Paroche  Chirch  yn  the  Towne  yet  standing; 
but  now  it  servith  but  for  a  Chapelle  of  Ease. 

Ther  was  a  right  goodly  House  of  White  Freres  in  the  mydle 
of  the  Towne  now  defacid  :  wher  lay  buried  in  a  goodly  Tumbe 
of  White  Marble  a  Countes  of  Westmerlandy  whos  name,  as  one 
told  me,  was  Margarete  Cohham,  The  Image  of  the  Tumbe  is 
translatid  ynto  S,  ^George  Chirch,  and  by  it  as  the  Crounet  is 
made  she  shold  be  a  Duches. 

There  was  a  House  of  Chray  Freres  at  the  North  Ende  of 
the  •  Bridge,  communely  cauUid  the  Freres  Bridge,  conteyning  a 
3.  Arches  of  Stone.  Here  I  markid  that  the  North  Parte  of 
Dancaster  Toune,  yn  the  which  is  but  litle  and  that  mene 
Building,  standith  as  an  Isle  :  for  Dun  Ryver  at  the  West  side 
of  the  Towne  castith  oute  an  Arme,  and  sone  after  at  the  Este 
side  of  the  Town  cummith  into  the  principal  Streame  of  Dan 
again.  There  is  also  a  great  Bridge  of  5.  Arches  of  Stone  at 
the  North  Ende  of  this  Isle  :  at  the  South  Ende  of  the  which 
Bridg  ^^'is  a  great  tournid  Gate  of  Stone,  at  the  "West  side 
whereof  is  a  fair  Chapelle  of  our  Lady,  and  therof  it  is  cauUid 
S.  Mary  Gate.  At  the  Est  Ende  of  this  Bridge  be  2.  or  3.  great 
Milles  as  at  the  Water. 

There  appere  no  tokens,  as  far  as  I  could  lerne  or  se,  that  ever 
Dancaster  was  a  waullid  Toim ;  yet  there  be  3.  or  4.  gates  in 
it :  whereof  that  in  the  West  side  is  a  praty  Tower  of  Stone,  but 
aS'.  Marie  Gate  is  the  fairest. 
Fol.  39.  The  hole  Toune  of  Dancaster  is  buildid  of  Wodde,  and  the 
Houses  be  slatid :  yet  is  there  great  Plenty  of  Stone  there 
about. 

The  Soile  about  Dancaster  hath  very  good  Medow,  Come, 
and  sum  Wood. 

From  Dancaster  by  South  West  to  TikhUle  a  5.  Miles,  partely 
by  low  pasture  ground,  partly  by  stony  Grounde  but  fruteful 
of  Corue. 

The  Market  Town  of  TikhU  is  very  bare  :  but  the  Chirch  is 
fair  and  large.  One  Estfelde,  Stuard  sumtyme  of  Ttkhil  and 
Heatfeld,  lyith  ther  in  a  Tumbe  of  Stone.  Ohijt  an.  B,  1386. 
The  Castel  is  well  dichid  and  waullid  with  a  very  hard  "  suart 
Stone  hewid.  The  Dungeon  is  the  fairest  part  of  the  CasteUe. 
Al  the  Buildinges  withyn  the  Area  be  down,  saving  an  old 

^  Qeorgc^s,  St.  Q.  towery'd,  St. 

»  bridg.  "  West  End  whereof,  St 

*"  Leg.  is  a  great  tourid  Gate,  iourid  ^^  Smart  in  Burt. 


leland's  "itinerary."  239 

Haulle.  There  is  a  lylle  that  cummith  by  the  Towne  fetching 
DO  far  Course  of  and  resortith  toward  Rodngton  Bridge. 

There  was  a  House  of  Freres  a  lityl  by  West  without  Tikhily 
where  lay  buried  divers  of  the  Fitz-Wtlliams,  as  the  Graunt- 
&ther  and  Father  to  my  Lorde  Privy  Seale  :  the  which  now  be 
translatid  to  the  Paroch  Chirch  of  TUchil,  So  ys  Pureioy  alias 
"^Clearfay. 

There  were  also  buried  diverse  of  Clarelles  in  TUchill  Priory. 

There  ys  yet  a  Place  by  Tikhil  caullid  Clarelles  Haulle, 

There  is  a  Wood  by  South  of  Tikhil  caullid  Toome  woody  and 
is  a  Y.  Miles  in  Cumpace. 

The  Lordship  of  Tikhil  was  yn  tyme  past  of  such  Estimation, 
that  it  was  naraid  the  Honor  of  Tikhil, 

From  Tikhil  to  ^*  Cunesboroio  a  4.  Miles  by  stony  way  and 
endosid  Ground. 

Wher  I  saw  no  notable  thing  but  the  Castel  stonding  on  a 
Rokket  of  Stone  and  dichid.  The  Waulles  of  it  hath  be  strong 
and  full  of  Toures.     Duntisflu,  alluit  villam. 

From  CunUhorow  to  Dancaster  a  3.  Miles  by  fruteful  Ground. 

From  Dancaster  to  Heath/eld  by  champayn  sandy  Ground  a 
5.  Miles.  There  is  a  faire  Paroch  Chirch  in  the  Village  ;  and  a 
Parke  therby.  The  Logge  or  Manor  Place  is  but  meanely 
baildid  of  Tymber.  Fol.  40. 

The  Quarters  about  Heat/eld  be  forest  Ground,  and  though 
Wood  be  scars  there  yet  there  is  great  Plentie  -of  red  Deere, 
that  haunt  the  Fennes  and  the  great  Mores  thereabout,  as  to 
JjdMm  warde  and  Thurne  Village. 

The  Lordship  of  Heatfeld  sumtyme  longgid  to  the  Lord 
Mowbray. 

From  Heatfeld  to  Thurne  Village  2.  Miles  passing  over  an 
Arme  of  Dune. 

By  the  Chyrch  Garth  of  Thurne  is  a  praty  Pile  or  Castelet 
wel  dikid,  now  usid  for  a  Prison  for  offenders  in  the  Forestes, 
but  sumtyme  longging  to  the  Mulbrays  as  Thurne  did. 

The  Ground  al  about  Thame  is  other  Playn,  More  or  Fenne. 

From  Thurne  by  Water  to  the  great  lake  caullid  the  Mere, 
almoet  *•  a  Mile  over,  "  a  Mile  or  more.  This  Mere  is  fulle  of 
good  Fisch  and  Foule. 

From  the  Mere  by  Water  to  Wrangton  Cote  a  3.  Miles  in  a 
smaole  Gut  or  Lode. 

Leiand  then  enters  Lincolnshire,  and  after  traversing  the 
Lsle  of  Axholme,  again  sets  out  from  Doncaster. 

From  Dancaster  to  Causeby  lesys  a  Mile  and  more,  wher  the     Fol.  42. 
Bebelles  ^**of  Yorkshir  lately  assemblid. 

^  Clarefoy,  Burt.  or  twe  about  them.   Some  of  these  Coyiui 

^  Two  Potto   of  BrM8  Coyns  Utely  may  be  engray'd  in  my  lUvUw. 

hmA  hero.     I  have  had    41.  of  them  ^^  a  Mile  over  or  morct  St. 

•mt  mo  by  the  Rev.   Mr.   Marmaduke  ^*  Dcsunt,  Burt,  quin  &  delentar  in  O. 

Pothergin   of    Pomfret,    a  modest  and  '**  Leiand  evidently  here  refers  to  the 

ksnMd  qwtlimwm     He  sent  me  a  Letter  Pilgrimage  of  Grace. 


240  THE  TOBKSHIBB  POBTIOK  OF 

Thens  a  2.  Miles  farther  I  saw  on  the  lifle  hond  an  old  Manor 
Place  caullid  ....  wher  the  King  djnid. 

And  so  to  Wenthrid  a  pore  thorough  fare  ''  a  5.  Miles,  wher 
Wmte  ryver  rennith  under  a  praty  Bridge  of  v.  Arches  of  Stone, 
and  so  to  Pontefract  a  3.  Miles. 

The  Ground  betwixt  Dancatter  and  Pantfract  in  sum  Places 
meatelj  wooddid  and  enclosid  Ground  :  in  al  Places  reasonablj 
fruteful  of  Pasture  and  Come. 

Tliese  be  things  that  I  most  notid  in  Pontefiract. 

Sum  old  People  constantely  adfirme  that  the  Rigge  or 
Watelyng  Streate  went  thorough  the  Park  of  P<mtfixut,  As 
far  as  I  can  gether  this  is  the  Tonne  caullid  LegeoHunu  After 
it  was  caullid  Brokenhridg,  Ruines  of  such  a  Bridg  yet  ys 
seene  scant  half  a  Mile  Est  owt  of  old  Pontfract ;  but  I  cannot 
justcly  say  that  this  Bridge  stoode  ful  on  ^VaiKding  Strtate, 
Fol.  43.  Pontefracte  is  a  French  Name  brought  yn  by  the  Laceyt 
Normans  for  the  EngMh  Word  of  Brokrnbridge,  Wher  as  now 
the  fairest  Parte  of  Pontefract  stondith  on  the  Toppe  of  the 
Hille  was  after  the  Conquest  a  Chapel  with  a  few  sparkelid 
Houses,  the  Chapel  was  caullid  8,  Leonardes  in  tlie  Friihe ;  and 
as  I  can  leme  this  Part  *'  of  "  the  Town  was  caullid  Kirkeby, 

Edmunde  Lacy  buildid  the  College  of  White  Freres  in  this 
Part  of  Pontefract, 

Syr  Robert  Knolles,  that  was  the  notable  Warrior  yn  Fraunce^ 
buildid  in  this  Part  of  Pontefract  Trinite  College,  having  an 
Hospital  ^°  yoinid  to.  In  the  CoUege  is  a  Master  and  6.  or  7. 
Prestes  :  and  yn  the  Hospital  be  13.  Poore  Men  and  Wimen. 
Syr  Robert  Knolles  was  ons  myndid  to  have  made  this  College 
at  his  Manor  of  Skouthorp  3.  Miles  from  WaUingham :  but  at 
the  Desier  of  "  Constance  his  Wife,  a  Woman  of  mene  birth 
and  sumtyme  of  a  dissolute  lyving  afore  Manage,  he  tnmid  his 
Purpose,  and  made  it  yn  the  very  place  of  Pontfract,  wher  his 
Wife  was  borne,  endowing  the  College  with  a  180/t.  land  by  the 
Yere. 

The  Castelle  of  Pontfract,  of  ^sum  caullid  "Snorre  Castellf, 
conteiuith  8.  Tourres,  of  the  which  the  Dungeon  cast  ynto 
6.  Roundelles,  3.  bigge  and  3.  smaul,  is  very  fair,  and  hath  a 
fair  Spring.  Ther  is  in  the  Dike  by  North  the  Conestables 
Tourre. 

King  William  Conqueroiu"  gave  the  Castelle  with  the  Towne 
of  Brokenhridg,  and  very  much  Land  lying  thereabout,  to 
IlUbert  de  Laceio,  a  Noble  Norman,  this  HUbert  foondid  the 
College  of  S.  Clemente  in  the  Castelle. 

Ther  was  a  College  and  ^  Hospital  in  Brokenbridg  afore  the 

*^  about  4.  Miles,  Q.  ^  sometyme  for  qfsum  in  O. 

*'  L.    of  the   new    Town,    sicut    in  ^  Norre  for  Snmrrt  in  St.    K.  mpra  a. 

O.  k.  St.  in  Autogr, 

1'  the  Dew  Town.  -*  Hospital  of  S.  Nicolas  in  Brokn- 

^  joynid  to  it  St.  Joyning  to  it,  Burt.  bridg,  St 
*'  WaJsingham  for  Constance  in  Q. 


LELAKD^S  "  ITtNJSRARY/^  241 

Conquest,  wher  the  Menkes  lay  ontil  the  Priorie  was  erectid. 
it  is  yet  an  Hospitale. 

jRobert  Sun  to  HUhert  Lcxy  impropriate  booth  this  Hospital 
and  S.  CUmetUes  yn  the  Castelle,  apon  Conditions,  to  the  new 
Priorie. 

There  is  a  Dene  and  a  3.  Prebendes  yet  in  S,  Glementes  in  the 
Castelle. 

The  Hospital  of  S,  Nicholas  of  late  dayes  cam  to  the  Order  of 
the  Priory  of  S.  Oswald^^ 

The  Castel,  Town,  and  Landes  about  BroJcenhridg  longgid 
afore  the  Conquest  to  one  Bichard  Aschenald,  Richard  had 
Ailrik,  and  he  had  Swane,  of  whom  cam  Adaniy  of  Adam  cam 
2.  Doughtters,  whereof  one  of  them  was  maried  to  Galfride 
NevUle,  the  other  to  Thomas  Burge.  But  nother  of  thes  2.  had 
any  part  of  the  Quarters  of  Brokenbridg. 

Robert  Sun  to  HUhert  Lade  foundid  ^  instigante  Thvrstino 
tlie  Priori  of  Pontfract^  sending  ''from  Monkes  ad  Fanum 
»Charitatis/;u»  ^  Cluni. 

From  Fontfract  to  IS,  Oswaldes  by  much  enclosid  ad  meately     FoI.  44. 
Woddy  ground  a  3.  Miles  or  more. 

"Where  the  Paroche  Chirch  of  S,  Oswaldes  is  now  newly 
baildid,  was  in  Henry  the  first  tyme  a  House  and  Chirch  of 
Poore  heremites,  as  in  a  woddy  Cuntery,  on  tille  one  Radulphus 
Aldlaver,  Confessor  to  Henry  the  first,  began  the  new  Monas- 
terie  of  Chanons,  and  was  first  Prior  of  it  hymself. 

The  Building  of  this  House  is  exceding  great  and  fair,  and 
hath  the  goodly  est  Fontein  of  Conduct  Water  that  is  yn  that 
Quarter  of  England, 

There  lyith  a  praty  Pole  at  the  West  Ende  of  the  House. 

Secundus  Frior  a  postremo  fetchid  this  Conduct  '*  a  Mile  and 
above  of:  and  buildid  an  exceding  faire  Keching  also  in  the 
Aionasterie. 

From  S,  Oswaldes  to  ^  Sandon  Village  about  a  3.  Miles  by 
enclosid  Ground,  fruteful  of  Wood,  Pasture  and  Come,  as  a  very 
pleasaunt  Countrey  to  se  to. 

Master  Waierton^  a  Man  of  fair  Landes,  hath  a  praty  Manor 
Bouse  in  Sandong  '**  Paroch.  The  Chirch  of  Sandon  is  appro- 
priate to  S.  Stephanes  College  at  Westminster. 

At  the  £st  ende  of  this  Village  is  a  praty  Castelet  on  an 
Billing  Ground  with  a  Diche  aboute  it.  it  longid  to  Warine  Erie 
of  Surrey  :  now  to  the  King. 

From  Sandon  to  WaJcefeld  about  a  Mile. 

These  thinges  I  especially  notid  in  Wakefeld, 

The  faire  Bridge  of  Stone  of  9.  Arches,  under  the  which 
rennith  the  Hyver  of  Colder,  And  on  the  Est  side  of  this 
Bridge  is  a  right  goodly  Chapel  of  our  Lady  and  2.  Cantuarie 

»  NoBtel  Priory,  T.  B.  »  j^^j.^  ^^  ^^  Paroche  Chirch,  O. 

^  instigarUe  is  wanting  in  Qale,  and  a  and  so  also  first  of  all  in  the  Grig,  but 

apace  is  left  for  it.  afterwards  Mr.  Leland  Btruck  out  new. 

^  Lege  for.  In  Burt,  first.  &  ita  in  O.  ^  h.  a  Mile  and  a  dim.  of, 

*  Charitatis  Clari,  omisao  fili^c,  in  Q.  ^  SandaUy  St  Sundon,  O.  sed  infra 

de  Clunif  St.  Sandon. 

»  Clari,  Burt.  32.  Sandon. 


2i3  THE  YORKSHIRE  PORTION  OF 

Prestes  foundid  in  it,  of  the  fundation  of  the  Townes  Men  as 
sum  say :  but  the  Dukes  of  York  were  taken  as  foonden  for 
obtejning  the  Mortemayn, 

I  hard  one  say  that  a  servant  of  King  Edwardes  (the  4.)  father, 
or  els  of  the  Erie  of  Eutheland,  brother  to  King  Edvoarde  the 
4.  was  a  great  doer  of  it. 
Fol.  45.  There  was  a  sore  Batell  faught  in  the  south  Feeldes  by  this 
Bridge.  And  yu  the  flite  of  the  Duke  of  YorJces  Parte,  other 
the  Duke  hymself,  or  his  Sun  therle  of  Butheland,  was  slayne  a 
litle  above  the  Barres  beyond  the  Bridge  going  up  into  the 
Toune  of  Wake/eld  that  standith  ful  fairely  apon  a  "dyving 
Ground.  At  this  Place  is  set  up  a  Crosse  in  ret  memoriam. 
The  commuue  saying  is  there,  that  the  Erie  wold  have  taken 
ther  a  poore  Woman's  House  for  socour,  and  she  for  fere  shet 
the  Dore  and  strait  the  Erie  was  killid.  The  Lord  ClifML  for 
killing  of  Men  at  this  Batail  was  caullid  the  Boticher. 

The  Principale  Chirch  that  now  is  yn  Wakefdd  is  but  of  a 
new  Work,  but  it  is  exceding  fair  and  large.  Sum  think  that 
wereas  now  is  a  Chapelle  of  ease,  at  the  other  ende  of  the 
Tounc  was  ons  the  old  Paroch  Chirch. 

The  Vicarage  at  the  Este  ende  of  the  Chirch  Garth  is  kig 
and  fair.  It  was  the  Personage  House  not  very  many  Ycres 
syns :  for  he  that  now  lyvith  is  the  4.  or  5.  Vicare  that  hath 
been  there. 

Afore  the  Impropriation  of  this  Benefice  to  S,  SiephoM 
College  at  Westminster,  the  Personage  was  a  great  Lyving ;  yn 
so  much  that  one  of  the  Erles  Warines,  Lordes  of  Wakefdd^ 
and  much  of  the  Cuntery  thereabout  did  give  the  Personage  tu 
a  Sunne  or  nere  Kinsman  of  his  :  and  he  made  the  most  Parte 
of  the  House  wher  the  Vicarage  now  is. 

A  Quarter  of  a  Mile  withowte  Wakefeld  apperith  an  Hille  of 
Erth  caste  up,  wher  sum  say  that  one  of  Erles  WarineM  began 
to  build,  and  as  fast  as  he  buildid  violence  of  Winde  defacid  the 
Work.  This  is  like  a  Fable.  Sum  say  That  it  was  nothing  but 
a  Wind  Mille  Hille.     The  Place  is  now  caullid  LohiUe, 

The  Toune  of  Wakefeld  streachith  out  al  in  lenght  by  Est 

and  West,  and  hath  a  faire  Area  for  a  Market  Place.     The 

Fol.  46.     Building  of  the  Toune  is  meately  faire,  most  of  Tymbre  but 

sum  of  Stone.     Al  the  hole  profite  of  the  Toun  stondith  faj 

**  Course  Drapery. 

There  be  few  Tounes  yn  the  inwarde  Partes  of  Tarkahire  that 
hath  a  fairer  site  or  soile  about  it. 

There  be  plenty  of  Veines  of  Se  Cole  in  the  Quarters  about 
Wakefeld. 

From  Wakefeld  to  Pantefract  a  vj.  Miles,  parte  by  Endosnre, 
parte  by  Champaine,  especially  in  the  Midle  way  caullid  as  I 
remembre  Wakefeld  Moore, 

Almost  in  the  Midle  way  I  lefte  Cole  Pittes  a  litle  of  on  the 
right  Hande.  And  not  far  from  this  Pittes  is  the  Piincipab 
Hedde  of  Wente  Hyver.    There  is  a  Hedde  or  2.  besides. 

33  Qyming,  Burt.  ^  So  in  the  Orig.    ICalim  eoarM. 


lbland's  "itinerary/'  243 

From  Poivtefract  to  Castdle/ord  Village  2.  Miles,  most  by 
enclosid  Ground. 

One  shoid  me  there  a  Garth  by  the  Chirch  Yard,  where 
many  straung  thingges  of  Fundations  hath  be  fomid :  and  he 
sayid  that  ther  had  beene  a  Castelle,  but  it  was  rather  sum 
Manor  Place. 

Under  CasteUeford  Bridge  of  vij.  Arches  rennith  Aire  Ryver, 
^  and  a  [3.]  Miles  above  this  West  up  into  the  Land  is  Stoil- 
lington  Bridg  on  the  same  Eyver,  and  2.  Miles  beneth  Gastelforde 
is  Pery  Bridge. 

From  CasteUeford  to  Wliitewood  Village  a  Mile.  There  I 
sawe  in  an  enclosid  Pasture  Ground  the  Diches  and  Hilles  of  an 
old  Castelle  hard  apon  the  Ripe  of  Calder  Ryver.  It  is  now 
caullid  the  Gastel  Hille^  and  belongith  to  one  Archibald  Giseland 
of  Lincolnshire, 

Wateling  Streate  lyith  straite  over  Castelford  Bridge. 

Thens  to  Aberforde  v.  Miles,  partely  by  low  Medow,  but  most 
after  by  good  high  plaiue  Come  Ground. 

Ther  ly  by  Est  of  Aherford  2.  or  3.  long  Diches  as  Campes  of 
Men  of  Warre. 

I  never  saw  yn  any  Parte  of  England  so  manifest  Tokens  as 
heere  of  the  large  high  Crest  of  the  Way  of  Wateling  Streate 
made  by  hand. 

Aherford  is  a  poore  thorough  fare  on  Wateling  Streat. 

Chk  bek  springith  about  a  Mile  by  West  of  it  and  so  rennith 
thorough  it,  and  thens  by  much  Turning  to  Leade,  an  Hamelet, 
wher  SkargU  had  a  fair  Manor  Place  of  Tymber. 

SkargU  a  late   Knight  left   2.  Doughtters  to  his  Heires,    Fol.  47. 
whereof  Tunstcdle  weddid  one,  and  Oascoyne  of  Bedefordeshire 
the  other. 

Cok  bek  after  crokith  by  Saxton  and  ^  Touton  Villages  feldes, 
and  goith  in  to  Warfe  Ryver  a beneth  Tadcaster, 

From  Leade  to  Saxton  Village  a  Mile.  Wher  Mr.  Hundesgaie 
dwellith.  In  the  Ch3rrch  Yard  were  many  of  the  Bones  of  Men 
that  were  killid  at  Palmesunday  feld  buried. 

They  lay  afore  in  5.  Pittes,  yet  appering  half  a  Mile  of  by 
North  in  ''  Saxton  Feldes. 

Towton  Village  is  a  Mile  from  Saxton^  wher  is  a  great  Chapell 
begon  **by  Richard  3.  but  not  finishid.  Syr  John  MvlUm!B 
Father  layid  the  first  Stone  of  it. 

In  this  Chapelle  were  buried  also  many  of  the  Men  slayn  at 
Palmesunday  Peeld. 

This  feeld  was  as  much  fought  in  Saxton  Paroch  as  in  Towton, 
yet  it  berith  the  Name  of  Towton. 

From  Towton  to  Uskelle  Village  aboute  a  Mile :  wher  is  a 
goodly  House  longging  to  a  Prebend  yn  York,  and  a  goodly 
Orchard  with  Walkes  opere  topiario, 

*•  Higden  late  Deane  of  York  buildid  much  of  this  House.'' 

"  and  a  Mile  above  this  West  up^  Q.  '^^  Saxton  Field,  Q. 

There  ia  a  Space  in  St.  after  and  a.  ^  by  twice. 

»  Tonton  FUlage  feldes,  St.  &  G.  '^  Desunt  in  G. 


211 


THE   tOBKSHIRfi   fORtlOK  OF 


The  ground  about  Uskel  self  is  sumwhat  low  and  medowisch, 
as  towfurd  the  faulle  of  Waters  about  NunappleUm.  The  Poroch 
of  Ryder  *^  is  but  a  Mile  from  Uskelle, 

From  Uskelle  to  Tadcasier  a  3.  Miles  by  good  Gome  and 
Pasture  Ground  and  sum  Woodde. 

Tadcaster  standith  on  the  hither  Ripe  of  Warfe  Ryver.  and  is 
a  good  thorough  fare. 

The  Bridge  at  Tadcaster  over  Warfe  hath  8.  faire  Arches  of 
Stone. 

Sum  say  there  that  it  was  laste  made  of  Parte  of  the  Ruines 
of  the  old  Castelle  of  Tadcaster, 

A  mighty  great  Hille,  Dikes,  and  Garth  of  this  Castelle  on 
Warfe  *^  be  yet  seene  a  litle  above  the  Bridge,  it  semith  by  the 
Plot  that  it  was  a  right  stately  thing *^  and  more. 

Tadcaster  standith  ^'  a  Mile  from  Wateling  Streate  that  tendith 
more  toward  Cairlvel,  and  crossith  over  Warfe  at  a  plsM^  caullid 
S.  HeUnesfordf  a  Mile  and  a  half  above  Tadcaster:  and  on  the 
FoL  48.     other  Ripe  is  S.  Helenes  Chapelle. 

iij.  Miles  and  a  half  above  S,  Helenesford  is  Wetherby  Villagey 
and  there  is  a  Bridge  of  Stone  over  Warfe, 

2.  Miles  above  WetJierhy  ys  Hanoood  Village,  and  there  is  a 
Ston  Bridg  over  Warf, 

vij.  Miles  above  Harwod  is  Otelyj  and  there  is  a  bridg  of 
Stone  over  Warfe, 

From  Tadcaster  to  Hdegh  Priory  about  a  2.  Miles  by  enclosid 
Ground,  one  Gefray  Haget  a  Noble  Man  was  first  Founder  of  it. 

In  this  Priory  were  buried  sum  of  the  Depedales  and  Stapletons 
Gentilraen  :  of  whom  one  Sir  Brian  Stapleton  a  valiant  Knight 
is  much  spoken  of. 

Geffray  Uaget  was  owner  of  Hdegh  Lordship,  and  besides  a 
great  owner  yn  Ainste, 

Ainste  ys*  caullid  of  the  Yorkshir  Men  such  Partes  as  ly  be- 
twixt the  Ryvers  of  Owse^  Nidde,  Warfe  and  Aire, 

From  Udcgh  Priory  scant  a  Mile  to  Udege  Village,  there  I 
saw  great  Ruines  of  an  auncient  Manor  Place  of  Stone  that 
longgid  with  the  fair  Woddid  Park  therby  to  the  Erie  of 
Northumhrelond-,  It  was,  **  as  far  as  I  can  perceyve",  sumtyme 
the  Uagetes  Lande. 

From  Hdegh  ^*  Village  to  York  a  *^  vij.  ij.  by  meatly  woddy 
and  enclosid  Ground,  and  4.  by  playn  Champaine,  fruteful  of 
Com  and  Grasse. 

[Here  are  three  leaves  left  hlank,^ 

Fol.  49.         From  York  to  Kexhy  Bridge  by  Champaine  meately  fertile  a 
V.  Miles. 

This  Bridge  of  3.  fair  Arches  of  Stone  standith  on  the  praty 
Ryver  of  Darwent,  that  cummith  by  Malton,  and  as  I  gesse  this 


*®  is  out  ahout  a  Mile,  Q. 
*^  he  yet  to  bee  seene^  O. 
*^  and  more  delentur  in  St. 
*3  a  MyU  and  morefrom^  St. 


G. 


•*^  Desunt,  Burt. 

^  Village  about  7.  Miles,   Ttcoe  by  kc 

*^  Adde  miles,  ut  in  Burt. 


(( 


LELANDS   "ITINERAKY. 


ij 


245 


Bridge  is  toward  the  Midle  way  bytwixt  Malton  and  Wreshil, 
wher  about  Darwent  goith  ynto  Otae, 

Bridges  apon  Darwent  above  Kexhy^  Staneford  Bridge  a 
2.  Miles  of.  *^  Butterc^rambridge  a  Mile.  OtLsehamhridge  a  2. 
Miles  o£  Kirhham  a  2.  Miles  or  more  *^,  Aiton  hrid,  2.  Miles. 
and  a  2.  Miles  to  the  Hed.  Malum  .....  *^  Yealdingha  7. 
Miles.     Aybridge  3.  Miles. 

The  oommune  Opinion  ys  yet  that  Part  of  Darwent  Water 
ran  to  Scarburge,  but  by  **excaving  of  2.  sides  of  Hilles,  Stones 
and  Yerth  feUe  in  great  Quantite  doun  and  stoppid  that 
Courge. 

Bridges  on  Darwent  '^  byneth  Kexhy  be  none,  but  Men  use  to 
passe  over  by  feries.  saving  only  StUton  bridg  of  Stone  2.  Miles 
lower  than  Kexby, 

From  Kexby  to  WUberford  Village  a  Mile  and  a  dim,  Wher 
was  a  Priory  of  Nunnes  :  and  on  the  left  bond  not  far  of  was 
Cotton  Park,  sumtyme  the  Percys,  now  the  Kinges. 

Thens  to  Bameby  Village  a  3.  Miles. 

And  thens  to  HayUm  Village  a  3.  Miles,  wher  is  a  praty 
Broke  rising  a  Mile  of  yn  the  Hilles,  and  passith  to  Darwent, 
"as  I  hard." 

But  or  I  cam  to  Hayton  I  passid  over  Fokelington  bek,  lyviug 
"*  Pokelington  about  a  Mile  of  on  the  lift  bond. 

Thens  to  Thorp  Village  a  Mile. 

^  Thens  to  Sl^epton  Village  a  Mile." 

Thens  to  Wigkton  a  gret  uplandisch  Village  a  Mile. 

Thens  to  ^Santon  Village,  wher  Mr.  Langdale  dwellith,  a  Mile. 

Thens  to  Lekenfeld  a  vj.  Miles. 

And  al  this  way  bytwixt  York  and  the  Parke  of  Lelcenfeld  ys 
meately  fruteful  of  Com  and  Grasse,  but  it  hath  litle  Wood.  I 
lemid  that  al  this  Part  of  the  Est  Ryding  ys  yn  a  Hundred  or 
Wapentake  caullid  HerthU,  And  sum  say  that  it  cummith  one 
way  to  WreshU,  and  of  other  Partes  touchith  much  on  the 
Boundes  of  the  Wold,  but  the  Wold  self  is  no  part  of  HerthU.  FoL  60. 
PokeUngton  a  Market  Toun  of  a  surety  ys  in  HerthU :  and  sum 
say  ignorantly  that  Beverley  ys  also.  But  Beverley  men  take 
them  self  ^  as  an  '^  exept  place. 

Lekingfeld  is  a  large  House^  and  stondith  withyn  a  great 
Mote  yn  one  very  spatius  Courte.  3.  Partes  of  the  House, 
saving  the  meane  Gate  that  is  made  of  Brike,  is  al  of  tymbre. 
The  4.  Parte  is  fair  made  of  Stone  and  sum  Brike. 


^7  ita  in  Autog.  at  Buterham  bridge,  S. 

^in  the  Orig.  this  Mar''  A  is  znade 
after  mortf  as  if  something  should  come 
in  there  ;  and  I  thought  here  had  been 
a  transposition.  But  I  now  perceive  that 
the  words  are  not  transpos'd,  but  that  a 
word  or  more  is  wanting,  and  that  it 
should  be  read  in  this  maDner  :  Kirkham 

a  2.  Miles  or  more,  A  Malton 

Yealdingha  7.  MUe»,  Aybridge  3.  MiUs. 
Aiton  brid  2.  MiUs :  and  a  2.  Miles  to 
the  Hed. 


^»  Teldingham  7.  miles  in  B.  Tealdhig^ 
ham  7.  Miles  &c.  to  the  Head,  O. 

^  exchange  for  exeaving  in  St. 

**  by  mw  Kexbpt  Q. 

^^Desunt,  Burt. 

*3  Pokelinton  a  mile  on  the  left  hand. 
Burt. 

**  Desunt  in  G. 

"  Stanton,  Burt 

^  As  an  exempt  place,  Burt. 

*"  exempt,  St.  &  G. 


216 


THE  YORKSHIKB   PORTION  OF 


I  saw  iu  a  litle  studiyng  Chaumber  ther  caullid  Paradiee  the 
Genealogie  of  the  Percys. 

The  Park  therbj  is  very  fair  and  laige  and  meately  welle 
woddid. 

Ther  is  a  fair  tour  of  Brike  for  a  Logge  jn  the  Park. 

From  Lekingjeld  to  Beverle  2.  Miles. 

These  Thinges  I  notid  yn  Beverle. 

The  Collegiate  Chirche  of  S.  John  of  a  fair  uniforme  maklDg, 
wheriu,  beside  the  Tumbes  of  Saiuctes,  be  3.  Tumbes  moat 
notable  on  the  North  side  of  the  Quier  :  yn  one  of  them  with  a 
^  Chapel  archid  over  it  is  buried  Perof  Erl  of  Northumberland^ 
and  his  Sun  Father  to  the  last  Erie. 

In  another  is  buried  Eleanor,  Wife  to  one  of  the  Lord  Percys 
And  yn  another  of  White  Alabaster  Idonea  Lady  Percy ^  Wife  to 
one  of  the  Lord  Percys. 

Under  Eleanor^s  Tumbe  is  buried  odo  of  the  Percys  a  Preste. 

The  Prebendaries  Houses  stand  round  aboute  ^S^.  John*s 
Chirche  Yard.  Wherof  the  Bishop  of  York  hath  one  motid,  but 
al  yn  Ruine. 

The  fairest  Part  of  the  Provostes  House  is  the  Gate  and  the 
Front. 

There  bo  besides  yn  *•  the  Chirch  of and  the  Chinch 

FoL  51.     of  aS^.  Nicolas  by  the  Holm,  wher  tlie  Gut  for  the  "  Catchis  is 

Chirch,  at  the  North  £ude  of  the  Toune,  is  '^  lai^ 

and  fair,  and  crosse  islid. 

In  the  Toune  were  of  late  2.  Housis  of  Freres. 

The  Plak  Freres,  as  sum  say,  of  one  GoldsmiiJiti  Fuudation, 
and  so  of  the  Townes :  but  the  Lord  Darcy  of  late  Tyme  atroTe 
for  the  Patronage  of  it  with  the  Toun. 

The  Gray  Freres  of  the  Fundation  of  the  ExUhomm  Gentil- 
men  of  Scorhurg  by  Lekingfeld.  The  laste  Erie  of  NortkuwJbr, 
save  one  stravo  for  the  Patronage  of  it 

There  were  4.  Hospitales  in  the  Toun  ^^S.  Giles,  wherof  one 
Wulfe,  as  it  is  thought,  afore  the  ^Conquest  was.  it  wai 
longging  to  the  Bisshops  of  York  ontyl  such  Tyme  that  Biashop 
Giffard  intitelid  it  to  Wartre,  a  Priorie  of  Chanons  in  Yorkskkr. 
It  came  a  late  to  the  Erie  of  Eutheland,  and  he  suppressid  it 

Trinite  Hospital  yet  stondith  yn  the  Hart  of  the  Toun  :  gum 
say  one  Ake  foundid  it. 

Ther  was  an  Hospital  of  S.  Nicolas  by  the  BUik  Frtru^  bat 
it  is  dekayid. 

Ther  is  an  Hospitale  yet  standying  hard  without  the  North 
Bargate  of  the  Foundation  of  2.  Marchant  men,  Akebarow  and 
Hogekin  Overshal.  As  I  remembre  ther  is  an  Image  of  our 
Lady  over  this  Hospitale  Gate. 

Ther  is  an  House  also  of  the  Trinite  aboute  the  Est  aide  of 
the  Toune :  and  longgid  to  the  Order  of  the  Knighttea  of 
S.  John*s. 


"Chapul. 

••  the  ttcice, 

»  Catchis  is  of  S.  Mniy  Chirch,  St 


<s  A  full  point  after  Toun. 

"  Conquest  was  the  Founder,  it  imu^  Si 


leland's  "  ITINEBABT.*'  247 

The  Toune  of  Beverle  is  large  and  welle  buildid  of  Wood. 
But  the  fitirest  Part  of  it  is  by  Norths  and  ther  is  the  Market 
kept 

Ther  was  good  Cloth  making  at  Beverle :  but  that  is  nowe 
much  decayid. 

The  Toune  is  not  waullid  :  £ut  yet  be  there  these  many  fair 
Gates  of  Brike,  ^  North  Barre^  New  higyn  Bar  by  West,  and 
KellegaU  Barre  by  West  also. 

From  Beverle  to  Gotingliam  a  3.  Mile,  wherof  2.  was  welle  FoL  62. 
woddid,  and  at  the  2.  Miles  Ende  I  left  the  great  Park  of 
Beverle  on  the  lift  Hond  :  and  so  a  Mile  by  low  Medow  grounde 
to  Cotingham,  Al  the  Ground  about  Cotingham  up  to  Meauee 
Abbay,  and  al  that  Quarter  that  goith  ^  up''  on  every  side  up  to 
Kingeston  apon  Hulle  is  low  ground  very  fruteful  of  Medow 
and  Pasture. 

Entering  into  the  South  Part  of  the  great  Uplaudisch  Toun 
of  Cotingham,  I  saw  wher  Stutevilles  Castelle,  dobill  dikid  and 
motid,  stoode,  of  the  which  nothing  now  remaynith.  The 
Landes  of  this  Signiorie  and  Lordship  greatly  privUegid  cam  of 
later  tymes  by  Division  ynto  4.  Partes,  wherof  now  a  late  the 
King  had  one  Part,  the  Countes  of  Saresby  another,  the  Erl  of 
Westmerland  the  3.  and  the  Lord  Poys  the  4.  At  this  Tyme  the 
King  hath  al,  saving  The  Lord  Poys  part.  Fol.  53. 

At  this  present  Tyme  be  4.  sundry  meane  fermers  Houses,  as 
one  for  echo  of  the  4.  Lordes,  withyn  the  Castelle  Garth. 

The  lenght  of  the  Toun  of  Cotinglmm  is  by  Sought  and  Est. 

The  Paroch  Chirch  of  it  is  auncient  and  meatly  larg. 

The  Personage  is  not  very  fair  for  so  great  a  ^  Benefice,  it 
lyyth  on  the  North  side  of  the  Chirch  Garth. 

The  Paroch  of  Cotingham  is  very  larg. 

Ther  rennith  a  bek  by  the  Est  End  of  Cotingham,  it  risith  yn 
a  Wood  a  •'  Mile  by  North,  and  rennith  by  Est  a  Mile  and  **  a 
half  by  neth  Cotingliam  yn  to  Hulle  By ver  at  a  place,  ••  as  I 
remember'',  caullid  Netolajide. 

From  Cotingham  to  Kingeston  about  a  4.  Miles  by  low  Ground, 
wherof  2.  Miles  be  causey  way,  dikid  on  booth  sides. 

Cotingham  ys  not  even  the  next  Way  from  Beverle  to 
Kingston,  for  going  the  ^°  next  Kingeston  is  caullid  but  6.  Miles 
from  Beverle, 

The  Towne  of  Kingeston  was  in  the  Tyme  of  Edtvard  the  3. 
but  a  meane  fischar  Toune,  '^  and  longid  as  a  Membre  to  HasUle 
Village  a  2.  or  3.  Mile  of  upper  on  Uumher, 

The  first  great  encreasing  of  the  Towne  was  by  passing  for 
fisch  into  ItelancL  from  whens  they  had  the  hole  trade  of  Stoke 

•*  North  Uarre,  Newbigny  bar  by  West^  ^'  Mile  of  by. 

and  Kellegate  biure  hy  West  also.    From  ^  an  half. 

Beverle  &c.  ]    So  in  the  Original ;   but  ^  DesuiU,  Burt. 

North  barre,   New  Biggen,  Borreby  by  "^^  next  icay  Kingeston,  St.    Way  addit. 

West,  and  Ketgate.     FroTii  Beverley  in  Burt. 

Burton.    •  7i  and  longed,  cts  Men  report,  to  Haaille, 

••  Delendum,  O. 

^Benifice. 


248  THE    Y'ORKSHIRE   PORTION    OP 

fisch  into  England,  and  partly  ^^  other  Fisch.  In  Richard  ^  the 
Fol.  54.  2.  Dayes  the  Town  waxid  very  rich  :  And  Michael  De  la  PoU^ 
Marchaunt  of  Ilidle^  and  Prentyce,  as  sum  say,  to  one  Rotenr 
liering  of  the  same  Touu,  cam  into  so  high  fEivor  for  Wit, 
Actyvite,  and  Kiches,  that  he  was  made  Counte  of  South/olk^ 
wherapon  he  got  of  King  Richard  the  2.  many  Grauntes  and 
Privileges  to  the  Toune.  And  yn  his  Tyme  the  Toune  was 
wonderfully  augmentid  yn  building,  and  was  endosid  with 
DicheSy  and  the  Waul  begon,  and  yn  continuance  endid  and 
made  al  of  Brike,  as  most  Part  of  the  Houses  of  the  Toun  at 
that  tyme  was. 

In  the  Walle  be  4.  principal  Gates  of  Brika  The  North 
Gate  having  4.  Wardes,  bytwixt  the  which  and  Reverie  Grate  be 
1 2.  Touers  of  Bryke.  and  yn  one  of  them  a  Postern.  Ther  be 
5.  Toures  of  Brike  and  a  Postern  in  one  of  them,  as  I  remember, 
bytwixt  Reverie  Gate  and  Miton  Gate.  Ther  be  3.  Toures  of 
Brike  betwixt  Mkon  Gate  and  HasUle  Gate  of  3.  Wardes.  And 
from  thens  to  the  Mouth  of  the  Havin  '^^  Mouth  be  a  5.  Toures 
of  Brik,  to  the  which  the  Humher  Se  cummith,  and  in  one  of 
these  is  a  Posteme  to  the  Shore.  And  because  that  the  Waul 
from  Hadlgate  to  this  Postern  lyith  strait  as  a  lyne,  ther  is 
much  Gabylle  making  and  Wynding  of  Hempe  for  smaul 
Cordes. 

From  the  Mouth  of  Hulle  Ryver  upper  ynto  the  Haven  ther 
is  no  Waulle,  but  every  Marchant  hath  his  Staires  even  to  the 
North  Gate. 

Suburbes  in  the  out  Part  of  the  Toun  be  none. 

Michael  De  la  Pole  buildid  a  goodly  House  of  Brik  again  the 
West  end  oiS.  Maries  Chirch  lyke  a  palace  with  goodly  ^*  Orchard 
and  Gardein  at  large,  enclosid  with  Brike. 
Fol.  55.  Michael  De  la  Pole  buildid  also  3.  Houses  besides  in  the 
Town,  wherof  every  one  hath  a  '^  Toure  of  Brike.  2.  of  them  be 
in  the  Hart  of  the  Toun.  The  3.  is  apon  Hulle  Ripe  in  the 
Haven  side. 

There  be  "''2.  Chirchis  yn  the  Toun,  the  Trinite,  and  S, 
Maries, '®  and  nother  of  them  by  the  Name  of  an  Hedde  Paroch 
Chirche. 

The  Trinite  Chirch  most  made  of  Brike  is  the  larger  a  gret 
deale  and  the  fairer. 

Ther  ly  4.  notable  Chapelles  on  the  South  syde  of  this  Chiioh 
crosse  islid. 

A  Chapel  of  the  Fimdation  of  Haiiby  and  one  Richard^ 
Hansun  Marchaimtes. 

The  next  is  a  Chapel  made  ^  as  sum  say"  by  a  Chauncelar  of 
Lincoln, 

The  3.  is  a  Chapelle  of  Stone,  made  by  Bisshop  Alcoch^  borne 

"t^  partly  by  other,  Q.  77  Burt     Consult  the  old  Valor  Bene- 

7'  the  2  BecundoB.  ficionim. 

'**  Mouth  be  a  5.  Toures  &c.]  To  Mo%Uh  78  ^nd  another  by  the  iiame  of^  Q.  And 

redundat.  another  by  the  name  of,  6. 
75  Orchards  and  a  Garden,  Q.  79  Han-ssun. 

7«  tour.  80  D^unt,  B. 


leland's  "itinerary."  249 

in  Beverle :  wheryn  Gul.  Alcol-  and  Johan,  Parentes  [to  the 
Bishop]  be  buried,  and  ther  is  a  Cantuaric. 

Tlie  lowest  Chapelle  is  caullid  t/ie  Mariners  Chapelle. 

Ther  is  also  a  Chapel  in  the  Body  of  the  Chirch  made  by 
one  Ripj^Ungham^  Prest,  whos  Father  a  Marchauut  of  the 
Tonne  lyith  there  :  and  ther  is  a  Cantuarie. 

Ther  is  a  Chapelle  also  on  the  North  side  of  the  Crosse  Isle 
of  one  Robert  Frost,  a  Marchaunt  Man. 

The  Tourre  in  the  Crosse  Isle  of  this  Chirch  for  the  Belles  is 
larg  and  fair. 

In  the  South  side  of  this  Chirch  Yarde  is  the  £re  Scheie 
erectid  by  Bishop  Alcock, 

In  the  West  End  of  the  Chiroh  Yard  is  the  fair  Row  of 
•*  Longginges  from  Prestes  of  the  Toun  made  by  one  John 
Origge^  Mair  of  the  Toun,  and  by  it  is  an  Hospitale  made  by     Fol.  66. 
the  same  John  Grigge, 

And  therby  ys  the  Mariners  Hospital. 

Selhys  Hospitale  is  on  the  North  side  of  the  Chh'ch  Yard. 

Selby  is  buried  yn  the  South  side  of  the  WauUe  of  *^  Isle  by 
the  Quire  :  and  his  Wife  also  with  very  fair  Images. 

The  Wliiie  Freres  College  stode  by  Beverlegate.  The  Percyi 
were  taken  for  Founders  of  it. 

The  Augustine  Freres  stode  at  the  Est  Ende  of  Trinite  Chirch. 

The  Toun  Haul  is  therby  and  a  Tour  of  Brik  for  a  Prison. 

Most  part  of  the  Brik  that  the  Waulles  and  Houses  of  King- 
ston ^'wer  buildid  was  made  without  the  South  side  of  the 
Toun.  the  Place  is  caullid  tlie  Tylery. 

At  such  tyme  as  al  the  Trade  of  Stokfisch  for  England  cam 
from  Isleland  to  Kingston,  bycause  the  burden  of  Stokfisch  was 
light,  the  Shipes  were  balissid  with  great  ^  coble  Stone  brought 
out  of  Isleland,  the  which  yn  continuance  pavid  al  the  Toun  of 
Kingeston  thoroughout. 

The  toune  of  Kingeston  had  first  by  Graunt  Ciisiodem.  then 
Bailives.  then  Maire  and  Bailives :  and  in  King  Henry  the  6. 
tyme  a  Mpire,  a  Shirive,  and  the  Toun  to  be  Shire  ground  by 
it  self. 

•*  One  told  me  that  their  first  great  Corporation  was  grauntid 
to  Kingeston  a  180.  Yere  syns. 

*^  Lodgings  for  PrieslSfSt.jQ.k  B.nou  put  under  ole,  and    in    the    Margin  is 

variat.     Lodginges  for  the  Prieste,  6.  \iTitten  CobUy  with  two  points  under  b. 

«  The  Isle,  B.  &  G.  Cole  stones,  B. 

^v:er  buildid  with  teas  jnade.Si.y&Q,  ^^  The    first   great     Corporation    was 

buildid  was  made  in  the  Grig.  graunted  an  180.  Yeares  since,  B. 

**  Cole  Stones,  Q.  but  three  points  are 


{To  be  contintied.) 


VOL.  X.  5 


DODSWORTH'S   YORKSHIRE    NOTES. 


WAPENTAKE    OF    OSGOLDCROSS. 


By  RICHARD   HOLMES. 


The  first  four  folios  of  Harl.  MS.  800 — the  volume  relating 
to  the  Wapentake  of  Osgoldcross — are  occupied  by  : 

1  (and  dorse).     Index. 

2.  Catalogue  of  the  names  and  arms  of  the  Antient 
Visitation  of  Staincrosse  w'th  Osgodcrosse  in  Yorkshire. 

3  and  4.  Map  of  the  Wapentake  and  a  list  of  names  of 
places  to  be  inserted. 

The  intention  here  referred  to  of  inserting  names  on  the 
Sketch-Map,  was  never  carried  out ;  for  in  the  three  great 
natural  divisions  of  Osgoldcross,  only  fifteen  names  are 
marked  in  Marshland ;  fifteen  south  of  "  Went  flood '' ;  and 
fifteen  between  Went  and  Aire ;  while  nearly  twice  as  many 
names  are  given  in  the  Index.  But  it  may  be  noted  that 
the  locaHty  of  many  of  these  names  which  do  not  occur  in 
the  map  is  doubtful,  and  that  some  of  them  may  have  been 
but  temporary  or  fanciful  designations  given  to  small 
properties,  and  mistaken  by  the  compiler  of  the  Index 
as  being  names  of  townships  or  manors.  In  this  and  several 
other  respects,  the  volume  shows  evidence  of  not  having 
received  a  contemplated  final  revision. 

On  the  fly-leaf  at  its  commencement  is  a  memorandum, 
"  Mr.  Tilleyson's  hand  ; "  and  it  is  understood  that  he 
undertook  the  work  for  Bp.  StilUngfleet,  to  whose  munificent 
patronage  the  compilation  is  due. 

The  body  of  the  MS.  contains  entries  under  148  headings, 
but  of  these  several  are  dupHcates,  several  belong  to  places 
which  are  not  in  the  Wapentake,  and  several  are  those  of 
small  hamlets  or  "  manor  houses  "  as  they  were  sometimes 
called  in  Tudor  times,  which  never  attracted  population,  or 


WAPENTAKE  OF  OSGOLDCROSS.  251 

attained  the  dignity  of  separate  jurisdiction,  even  to  the 
extent  of  maintaining  their  own  poor  under  the  Elizabethan 
Poor  Law, 

The  Wapentake  itself  was  composed  of  only  69  townships 
proper,  most  of  which  had  a  pre-Conquest  origin,  and  were 
enumerated  in  Domesday  book  ;  but  there  seems  to  have 
been  no  ecclesiastical  organization,  other  than  the  rule  of 
the  bishop,  until  the  time  of  Heniy  II.,  when  (probably 
under  Abp.  Roger)  these  69  townships  were  grouped  into 
19  parishes  in  subordination  to  the  then  existing  churches. 
Buildings  dedicated  after  that  date  to  divine  worship,  such  as 
St.  Giles,  Pontefract ;  St.  Botolph  s,  Knottingley  ;  All  Saints, 
Skelbrook  ;  St.  Nicholas,  Cobcroft ;  St.  James,  RawcUffe ; 
and  that  at  Haddlesey,  on  the  borders  of  the  Wapentake, 
were  considered  to  a  certain  extent  as  outside  the  parochial 
system ;  and  while  they  were  accepted  as  ecclesiastical  places 
of  worship,  under  the  name  of  chapels,  they  possessed  no 
parochial  jurisdiction,  and  generally  speaking  no  tithes. 
After  the  thirteenth  century  the  erection  of  even  such 
chapels  ceased  entirely,  and  the  parochial  system  remained 
almost  unaltered  in  respect  to  the  places  of  worship  until  the 
commencement  of  the  present  century. 

In  the  great  majority  of  cases,  the  townships  themselves 
were  not  subdivided  when  this  allocation  of  townships  to 
parishes  was  made ;  but  in  one  or  two  instances,  especially 
la  the  south-eastern  part  of  the  Wapentake,  Avhere  the 
interests  in  the  various  manors  had  quickly  become  divided, 
generally  by  partition  between  the  husbands  of  post- 
Domesday  co-heirs,  the  allocation  was  made  according  to  the 
interest.  Thus  a  cross  division  was  made  of  the  manors  of 
Burgh wallis  and  Owston,  between  the  parishes  of  Burgh wallis 
and  Owston;  a  partition  of  Askern,  between  Campsall, 
Owston,  and  Sutton ;  of  Moss,  between  Campsall,  Kirk 
Bramwith  and  Owston  ;  and  of  Sutton,  between  Burgh- 
wallis,  Campsall,  and  Owston ;  while  again  in  another  part 
of  the  Wapentake,  portions  of  the  manor  of  Ferry-fryston 
were  allotted  to  the  parish  of  Pontefract ;  and  the  township 
of  Cridling  Stubbs  was  divided  between  Darrington  and 
Womersley.  This  curiously  illustrates  the  condition  of 
fusion  which  existed  in  those  parts  of  the  district  in  the 
second  and  third  generation  after  the  Conquest,  and  which 
the  superimposition  of  the  parochial  system  crystallised. 

8   % 


252  >yAPENTAKE  OF  OSGOLDCROSS. 

As  at  the  time  of  this  allocation  of  the  various  townships 
to  the  existing  churches,  there  were  no  townships  on  their 
borders,  and  in  the  same  lay  possession,  unprovided  with 
churches,  Ackworth  and  Kirk  Smeaton  in  Osgoldcross,  and 
llemsworth  in  Staincross,  had  no  subordinate  townships 
aflBliated;  in  each  case  the  ecclesiastical  parish  was  composed 
of  the  single  township  only.  This  was  the  case  to  some 
'extent  with  Burghwallis,  though  there  was  an  interchange 
between  that  parish  and  Owston,  the  particulars  of  which  are 
not  clear.  Wragby  alone  did  not  take  its  name  from  one  of 
its  component  members  ;  there  was  a  )mrish  at  Wragb}'',  but 
no  township  or  manor  of  that  name.  (This  was  also  the  case 
with  the  neighbouring  parish  of  Felkirk,  in  the  Wapentake 
of  Staincross.) 

It  should  be  added  that  the  boundaries  of  the  Wapentakes 
have  at  times  been  slightly  modified,  and  that  all  the  outlying 
districts  have  within  the  last  three  or  four  years  been  merged 
in  the  townships  in  which  they  were  locally  situated. 

The  greater  part  of  the  eastern  portion  of  this  Wapentake 
escaped  notice  in  the  Domesday  survey :  perhaps  it  had 
hardly  been  completely  recovered  from  the  water.  This 
remark  extends  to  the  larger  portion  of  what  afterwards 
became  the  extensive  parishes  of  Adlingfleet,  Snaith,  and 
Whitgift.  The  manor  of  Adlingfleet  is,  however,  named 
(though  wrongly  classed  as  in  the  Wapentake  of  Staincross) 
and  Estoft  appears  as  Estotch  among  the  Archbishop's 
manors  in  Ilolderness,  while  it  is  classified  in  the  Recapitu- 
lation as  in  the  Hundred  of  Toreshou.  But  in  the  text  some 
protesting  official,  at  the  last  moment  apparently, — for  a 
reference  to  the  Archbishop  would  have  procured  correct 
information  —  detected  the  misappropriated  manor  ;  and 
while  he  could  not  assign  it  to  its  proper  place,  he  ear- 
marked it  by  the  rubricated  interlineation  :  "  Hec  non  est  in 
Heldernesse ! " 

Finally,  some  few  of  the  Domesday  manors  having  failed  to 
attract  population,  have  not  survived  as  townships,  but  have 
been  absorbed  by  a  neighbour.  Such  were  Rogerthorp  in 
Badsworth ;  Wheldale  in  Ferry-fryston ;  Roall  in  Egg- 
borough  ;  Ilampole,  Mensthorp  and  Wrangbrook,  in  South 
Kirkby,  while  Cobcroft,  although  a  thirteenth  century  hamlet, 
was  not  a  Domesday  manor. 

Mr.   A,   S.   Ellis  promises    me  some    additional  notes. 


WAPENTAKE   OP   OSGOLDCROSS.  iJ53 

especially  on  the  various  townships  of  Adlingfleet  parish, 
some  of  which  appear  in  the  present  part ;  and  he  proposes 
to  favour  us  with  a  map  of  the  Wapentake,  such  as  was  so 
useful  an  accompaniment  to  his  own  notes  on  Agbrigg. 

The  parishes  of  Osgoldcross,  with  their  subordinate 
members,  were  : — 

AcKWORTH  :  Ackworth. 

Adlingfleet  :  Adlingfleet,  Eastoft,  Fockerby,  aud  Haldenby. 

Castlepord  :  Castleford  and  Glass  Houghton. 

Darrington  :  Darrington,  Stapleton,  and  part  of  Cr idling  Stiibb& 

Featherston  :  Featherston  and  Purston  Jaglin  (with  Aketon,  Whitwood 

and  Whitwood  Mere,  in  the  Wapentake  of  Agbrigg). 
Ferry-Fryston  :  Ferrybridge,  part  of  Ferry-fryston  and  Wheldale. 
Kellington  :  Beaghale,   Eggboronigh  (including  Roall),  Kellington  and 

greater  part  of  Whitley. 
Pontefract  :    Carle  ton,  East  Hard  wick,  parts   of  Ferry-fryston,  Knot- 

tingley,  Pontefract  (including  Monkhill),  and  Tanshelf. 
Snaith  :  Airmyn,  Balne,  Cowick,  Goole,  Gowdall,  Heck,  Hensall,  Hook 

Pollington,  RawcliiFe,  Snaith  and  part  of  Whitley  (with  Carle  ton  in  the 

Wapentake  of  Barkston  Ash). 
"Whitgift  :  Ousefleet,  Reedness,  Swinfleet  and  Whitgift. 
WoMERSLEY  :  part  of  Cridling  Stubbs,  Little  Smeaton,  Stubbs  Walden, 

and  Womersley. 
Wragby  :    Foulby  cum   Nostell  cum  Hardwick,  Hessle  and  Hill  Top 

(together  with  Ryhill  and  Winterset  in  the  Wapentake  of  Staincross). 

Badsworth  :  Badsworth,  Thorp  Audlin,  Upton,  and  Rogerthorp. 
Burghwallis    and    Owstox  :     Burgh wallis,    part    of    Moss,     Owston, 

Skellow  and  part  of  Suttou. 
Camps  all  :  Askem,  Campsall,  Fenwick,  part  of  Moss,  Norton,  and  part 

of  Sutton. 
Kirk  Bramwith  :  Kirk  Bramwith  and  part  of  Moss. 
Kirk  Smeaton  :  Kirk  Smeaton. 
South   Kirkby  :  N.  Elmsall,  S.  Klmsall,  S.  Kirkby,  Skelbrook,  Hampole 

Stubbs  and  Wrangbrook. 

The  late  Mr.  Joseph  Hunter,  in  his  South  Yorkshire, 
Vol.  II.,  435  et  sequ.,  made  considerable  use  of  Dodsworth's 
Notes  on  the  townships  in  these  last  seven  parishes,  they 
being  in  the  deanery  of  Doncaster. 


A  few  words  remain  to  be  said  as  to  what  has  been  done 
in  the  effort  to  make  this  series  of  articles  permanently 
useful. 

Their  groundwork  is  800  Harl.  MS.,  a  series  of  translated 
extracts  from  those  of  the  Dodsworth  MSS.  which  refer  to 
the  Wapentake  of  Osgoldcross;  not,  however,  that  the  MSS. 


251  WAPENTAKE  OP  OSGOLDCROSS. 

were  at  all  exhaustively  searched  by  the  compiler  of  800,  to 
which  volume  much  might  be  added  as  the  result  of  a 
consultation  with  Dodsworth's  Vols.  21  &  23. 

These  last  are  rather  incompletely  described  as  "Alphabets 
of  the  towns  in  Yorkshire/'  Such  they  are,  it  is  true  ;  but 
they  are  much  more,  being  in  fact  a  topographical  Index  to 
Yorkshire,  framed  by  Hoger  Dodsworth  himself,  and  with 
references  by  volume  and  page  to  the  particular  volumes  iu 
which  the  information  is  contained.  Dodsworth 's  own  title  to 
the  first  named  is  — 

Kalondarium  p  no'ib5  villar5 
in  com  Ebor  ut  scituatur  iii 
sepalibs  wappentaigijs.  ut 
inveniuntur  in  libris  meis  signatis 
Uteris  subscriptis. 

And  then  follows  his  own  list  of  the  volumes  in  his  own 
order :  A  to  Z  (P  wanting),  &c.,  to  which  I  hope  to  make 
some  reference  in  a  subsequent  portion  of  this  article. 

But  the  importance  of  these  Index  volumes  has  probably 
been  overlooked  by  many,  from  the  fact  that  their  references 
are  in  accordance  with  Dodsworth's  own  numbering,  which 
has  been  utterly  disregarded  in  the  Bodleian  order  of  the 
various  volumes.  This  is  so  irregular  that  for  instance 
Dodsworth's  A  to  M  volumes,  the  first  twelve  of  his  fiirst 
series,  which  might  be  expected  to  have  been  numbered  1 
to  12,  are  under  the  present  arrangement,  vols.  116,  118, 
120,  121, 123, 125,  127, 129, 131, 133,  135,  and  160.  Again, 
vols.  TTT,  WV,  and  WWW,  which  are  a  consecutive  series 
of  Inquisitiones  Post-Mortem  for  the  County  of  York  during 
the  reigns  of  Henry  VII.,  Henry  VIII.,  Edward  VI.  and  to  4 
Philip  and  Mary,  are  numbered  93,  101,  and  104.  Their 
consecutive  character  is  thus  absolutely  lost  sight  of;  and  it 
is  impossible  not  to  see  how  much  the  confusion  occasioned 
by  the  awkward  arrangement  that  was  adopted,  increases 
the  difficulty  of  consulting  the  volumes  in  a  methodical 
manner  ;  while  the  instances  I  have  given  are  only  examples 
of  the  general  very  faulty  arrangement,  which  dominates  the 
Collection  and  mars  its  usefulness. 

The  compiler  of  800  seems  to  have  confined  his  researches 
to  certain  volumes  only,  some  of  the  161  having  been  made 
to  contribute  nothing  to  the  compilation  ;  but  he  examined 


WAPENTAKE  OF  OSGOLDCROSS.  255 

F  (125),  CCC  (34)  and  others  for  his  purpose,  selecting  the 
notes  he  wished  to  use,  though  he  did  not  actually  extract 
them.  His  memorandums  I  have  in  each  case  retained  as 
**  other  references." 

A  comparison  of  the  800  translation  with  the  originals 
shows  various  mistranslations,  omissions  and  even  incorrect 
references.  These  I  have  indicated,  inserting  the  omission 
or  a  suggested  correction  within  brackets  [  ]  ;  and  having 
discovered  in  the  careful  catalogue,  compiled  by  the  late 
!Mr.  Hunter,  three  mistakes — probably  only  misprints — I 
enumerate  them  here,  so  as  to  place  them  on  record. 

(1).  The  quarto  MM — Extracts  from  the  Chartulary  of  St. 
Oswald,  Nostel — is  said  (Hunter's  Three  Catalogues,  page  80) 
to  be  vol.  158  ;  read  138. 

(2).  The  folios  HHH  and  (^Hj,  numbered  53  and  54, 

should  be  54  and  53  respectively. 

(3).    /a.\  is  said  to  be  numbered  24  ;  read  25. 

With  regard  to  one  of  these  volumes,  I  must  also  note 
that  while  perusing  MM  (138),  I  found  that  the  original 
folio  24  was  missing,  and  had  evidently  been  absent,  even 
when  the  present  numbering  of  the  pages  was  made.  But 
bearing  in  mind  that  the  catchword  of  the  page  was 
V  Will's,"  I  was  able  to  find  the  wandering  folio  inserted  in 
vol.  LL  (136)  ;  and  having  called  the  attention  of  the  at- 
tendant to  the  circumstance  had  the  satisfaction,  at  a  subse- 
quent visit  to  the  Bodleian,  of  seeing  that  the  folio  misplaced 
for  so  many  years  had  been  restored  to  its  proper  position. 

But  I  fear  that  in  another  instance,  a  whole  volume  is  out 
of  its  place,  for  that  which  is  supposed  to  be  Dodsworth's  N, 
and  is  labelled  vol.  137,  is  an  odd  volume  not  in  his  hand- 
writing, but  belonging  to  some  other  series.  It  is  a  collection 
of  arms,  mainly  from  Glover's  Yorkshire  Visitation  (1585). 
Dodsworth's  N  is  bound  up  with  his  M  as  volume  160.  M  is 
a  gossiping  volume,  mainly  of  Church  notes,  which  ends  at 
p.  176,  and  the  index  of  which  extends  no  further.  But  a 
modern  paging  has  been  continued  through  vol.  N,  which 
includes  notes  on  the  churches  of  Knaresborough,  Meaux 
Abbey,  Kirkby  Kendal,  Hexham,  Holme  in  Spaldingmore, 
Clapham,  &c.     It  contains  an  index,  the  earlier  letters  of 


256 


WAPENTAKE  OF  OSQOLDCROSS. 


which,  A  to  H,  are  at  the  end  of  the  volume,  and  the  latter 
part  is  out  of  place  between  ff.  200  and  201. 

Various  odds  and  ends  of  paper  enter  into  the  composition 
of  this  volume.  For  instance,  on  what  afterwards  became 
fo.  222  is  the  following,  apparently  the  draft  of  a  letter : — 

**  You  promist  my  la :  to  seud  her  russet  gowne  and  oilier  things, 
w'h  you  have  not  sent,  w'h  she  takes  unkindly.  Buy  a  siluer  so' thing  iron, 
&»  come  home." 

There  is  nothing  however  to  show  for  what  negligent  lord 
this  friendly  fragment  was  intended. 

Although  not  strictly  belonging  to  a  paper  on  Osgoldcross, 
I  trust  that  these  notes  may  not  be  considered  absolutely 
without  interest,  even  if  only  as  tending  to  show  how  little 
the  MSS.  of  Dodsworth  have  yet  been  explored,  and  how 
much  must  still  remain  to  reward  their  industrious  student. 


PrUa  de  quo  warranto,  A""  22  E.  1  [1294],  ter  Pasclia. 

DD.  60       For  free  warren  in  Rockcsden  (ats  Ridlesden)  Keswicke, 
[vol.  122].      AckwoHh  &>  Hagenworth  Comonly  Haworth  in  the  County 


of  Yorke. 

^  Ackworth  was  almost  singular  in 
Osgoldcross  as  being  a  manor  coterminous 
in  boundaries  with  both  township  and 
parish,  including  no  outlying  plot  which 
belonged  to  another  township,  and  having 
no  outlying  plots  of  its  own.  It  was  not 
only  thus  thoroughly  self* contained,  but 
it  had  the  good  fortune  to  escape  appro- 
priation. For  even  if  it  was  once  tem- 
porarily appropriated  to  Nostell  by  the 
intruding  Lord,  Hugh  de  Laval,  that 
ai^propriation  was  not  confirmed,  al- 
though the  parallel  gilts  of  the  churches. 
i.r.  their  temporalities,  of  Featherstone 
nud  Huddcrs6c'ld.  took  etiect.  In  8axcn 
tiiue5,  as  we  learn  from  Domesday,  there 
were  two  manors,  now  perhaps  repre- 
sented by  High  Ackworth  and  Low 
Ackworth,  but  these  had  been  united 
even  before  the  Conquest,  when  out  of 
2643  acres  the  t<axable  area  was  six  caru- 
cates,  capable  of  employing  five  ploughs. 
At  the  time  of  the  great  SSurvey,  the 
manor  was  in  the  hands  of  Ilbert  de  Lacy, 
whose  tenant  was  one  Hunfrid.     He  held 


lis  carucatea,  that  is  a  quarter  of  the 
whole  manor  in  his  own  hands  am  de- 
mesne, employing  14  villain*  in  its  eulti- 
ration,  while  the  rest  of  the  manor  was 
apportioned  between  two  borderen  or 
farmers  as  his  under-tenants^  who  em- 
ployed six  plouglis.  There  was  a  mill 
paying  I6d.,  but  the  township  was  so 
purely  arable,  that  there  was  neither 
taxable  meadow  nor  taxable  wood.  East 
Hardwick  and  West  Hardwick  seem  to 
have  obtained  their  names  from  their 
geographical  position  with  respect  to  this 
flourishing  manor ;  but  when  the  eccle- 
siastical apportionment  was  made,  the 
two  Hard  wicks  went  in  opposite  direc* 
tions.  The  church  was  a  pre-Domeada^ 
building,  dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert^wMdi 
has  been  several  times  rebuilt.  At  the 
date  of  the  Poll  Tax«  2  Ric.  II.,  there 
was  a  taxable  population  of  83.  of  whom 
7  7  paid  f ourpence,  and  6  paid  sixpence. 
These  were  3  taylors,  2  Wrights,  and  1 
smith. 


Wapentake  oi'  osgoldcross. 


257 


Ex  Rotulo  pVitar  in  dorso  [endorsed,  in  original]  ter  Pasche,  1 1  John 

roll  7  [1209]. 

EE.  20  Between  Roger  Constable  of  Chester  plf.  6^  Guilbert  de 
[vol.  124].  Aquila  6^  Isabell,  his  wife,  of  one  K**  fee  in  the  wood  of 
Roindhay  [Roundhay].  Isabella  disponsata  fuit  in  Hoiland 
in  alio  com,  Robto  de  Lascy  filio  Henrici  de  Lacy  p  quern  fuit  dos  huius 
IsabelJo}  h6t  in  dotem  in  Warne field,  croston  [Crofton,  in  Dodsworth]  in 
Akeworth  k  in  Roiudhay  quo  Robtus  habuit  (/o.  109).''^ 

0OtU,  of  tlie  Register  of  Tho:  Corhriyg,  Arch^P  of  Y. 
[vol.     28]    37     Henry  de  Lascy   E.    of  Lincolne  p''8ents  to 
29  E.  1  [1301].     the  Church  of  Ackworth. 


^     ^  Out  of  Meltons  Register,  fo,  197. 

B.     j  [vol.  28]  95       Phillippa  the  Queen  p'^sentes  to  the  Church  of 
7  E.  3.  Ackivorth,  1333. 


104      Belongeth  to  the  Houn^  of  Pontefract,  vide  Infra  in  Pontc- 
[vol.  154].      fract. 

Oat  of  Nostell  Priory  Coaclier,  fo,  165. 

^BlNL.  64     Thurstan  by  the  Grace  of  God  Archbishop  of  Yorke  to 
[vol.  138].      all  his  Successors  greeting  Know  ye  that  I  have  given  to 

the  Church  of  St.  Oswald  of  Nostell  e^c.  the  Church 
of  the  Castell  of  Tickhill  6^c.  and  I  confirme  the  guifts  6^c. 
viz.  of  the  guift  of  the  King  the  Church  of  Knaresburch,  of 
t-he  guift  of  Herbert  son  of  Herbert  c?*  William  Treasurer  of  Yorke, 
t-lie  Church  of  Witerethorp  [Wiverthorp,  in  Dodsworth]  o-'c.  Of  the 
gift  of  Hugh  de  Laval  the  Church  of  Fetherstain  and  the  Church  of 
Kouella  6^  the  Church  of  Luclieivrda  [AckwortJi],  &»  the  Church  of 
Hudresfeld  &c. — See  more  in  the  Uoun^  of  Pontefract?^ 

[Other  references,  either  to  Osgoldcross  itself  or  to  Ackworth,  are 
DDD  (vol.  39)  63,  65,  69;  CCC  (vol.  34)  24,  25;  BBB  (vol.  32)  151, 
though  this  is  manifestly  inaccurate,  as  BBB  extends  to  146  only ;  MM 
(vol.  138)  9]. 


*»  This  ifl  an  exceedlDgly  important 
deed.  The  childless  widow  of  Hubert  de 
Lacy,  the  last  of  the  first  house,  harl  re- 
married with  Gilbert  de  Aquila,  on  which 
lloger  de  Lacy,  the  successor,  the  first  of 
the  eecond  house,  sued  for  the  restoration 
of  her  dower,  forfeited  by  her  re-mar- 
riage. She  is  here  clearly  called  Isabel, 
as  in  the  Kirkstall  charter  (Aug.  Mon. 
861;  New  Monasticon,  v.  535);  though 
in  a  charter  to  the  house  of  Sallay  (Ang. 
Mon.  84t$ ;  New  Monasticon,  v.  515), 
presumably  by  a  clerical  error,  she  is 
called  Sabina.  And  it  is  noteworthy  that 


by  her  marriage  with  Gilbert  de  Aquild 
affirmed  in  this  deed,  Isabella  became  the 
mother  of  a  daughter  Alice,  who  ulti- 
mately became  the  first  wife  of  John  the 
Constable,  son  of  the  present  plaintiff. 
There  was  no  issue,  however,  of  the  mar- 
riage, and  after  her  death  the  widower 
made  the  historical  alliance  by  which  the 
Lincoln  earldom  came  to  the  Lacies  of 
Pontefract. 

*•*  From  this  it  would  appear  that  there 
was    an    intention  to    have  a  separate 
volume  for  *'  The  Honour  of  Pontefract.' 
If  80,  it  was  not  carried  out. 


258 


WAPENTAKE  OF  OSGOLDCROSS. 


Fines,  A^  4,  H.  3,  m,  5  [1220]. 

66      John  de  Daiuill  hath  a  market  at  his  Mann^  oiAlielingflet 
[vol.  54].        on  Monday.     Ebor. 


Out  of  Drax  Couc1ier,fo,  67. 

AAA.    70'     The  Charter  of  Galfrid  de  Folquerdeby  [Fockerby].     To 
[vol.  26].        all   that  shall   see   or  heare   this  writeing  Galfrid  de 

Folquerdby  son  of  Huethed  [Whitehead]  greeting  in  j^ 
Lord.  Know  ye  that  I  have  given  6^  granted  6^  by  this  my  p^sent 
Charter  confirmed  in  pure  e^  ppetual  Almes  to  God  and  the  Church  of 
S*  Nicholas  of  Drax  6^  the  Canons  there  serueing  God  one  Toft  in  the 
Towne  of  Folquerdeby  viz.  which  Stephen  de  Redenessto  sometime  held 
6^.  And  the  said  Canons  granted  the  same  toft  to  Hugh  my  brother 
&>  his  heires  to  be  holden  of  them  for  euer  paying  therefore  yearly  to 
the  said  Canons  6^  on  the  feast  of  S^  Nicholas  for  all  service  which 
belongeth  to  the  said  Toft.  I  have  allso  given  &>  granted  to  the  said 
Canons  in  pure  and  ppetuall  Almes  another  toft  with  a  Croft  next 
adjoyning  (viz.)  of  the  Church  oiAdlingflete  towards  the  East  to  haue  <5r* 
hold  in  their  demeasne  if  they  please  And  I  Galfrid  6^  my  heires  will 
warrant  to  the  foresaid  Canons  the  foresaid  Tofts  with  the  Toft  before 
named  with  as  much  Common  as  belongeth  to  the  foresaid  Land  in  the 
foresaid  towne  of  Folquardeby  [Fockerby].     Wittnesse  6-*c. 


2  This  township  was  in  a  very  Danish 
part  of  the  Wapentake,  and  at  the  time 
of  the  Great  burvey,  its  owner  was  re- 
ported to  have  been  Siwardbar,  who  bore 
in  his  name  evidence  of  his  Danish 
extraction.  He  had  been  superseded 
during  the  Conquest  by  Godfrey  de 
Wirce,  or  de  la  Wirce,  who  obtained  this 
manor  as  his  sole  possession  in  Yorkshire. 
He  kept  a  portion  of  the  manor  in  his  own 
hands,  employing  thirteen  villains  in  its 
cultivation,  and  he  had  one  under-tenant, 
or  bordar.  There  was  a  pre- Domes- 
day church,  but  there  is  no  mention  of 
the  other  townships  which  were  after- 
wards combined  to  constitute  the  me- 
diaeval parish.  There  was,  however,  a 
mill  paying  as  much  as  10-9.,  and  as  the 
Domesday  area  is  reported  as  having 
been  2  leugas  long  by  1  broad,  it  is 
probable  that  much  more  than  is  now 
included  was  comprised  under  the  general 
name  of  Adlingfleet. — [In  the  Recapitu- 
lation in  Domesday  Book  Adlingfleet  is, 
it  must  be  supposed  by  error,  put  under 
the  heading  of  Staincross  wapentake. 
Geoffrey  de  Wirce  (see  Y.  A.  Journal, 
vol.  iv.,  p.  223)  seems  to  have  returned 
to  his  native  country  Brittany,  and  Nigel 
de  Albini  (father  of  Roger  de  Mowbray) 


was  the  next  i)ossessor  of  all  his  lands  in 
England.  Adlingfleet  was  subinfeuded 
to  the  D'Ey  viles  of  Egmanton,  Notts,  and 
seems  to  have  been  settled  on  a  younger 
son  who  founded  the  branch  we  find 
here.  In  the  time  of  Edward  I.  there 
were  three  contemporary  Johns  who 
were  distinguished  in  writs  as  de  Adling- 
flet,  de  Egmanton,  and  de  Anston  (see 
Parly.  Writs).  It  wns  the  father  of  the 
second  who  figured  in  the  Barons'  Wars. 
There  are  two  interesting  letters  about 

Adlingfleet  by  T.  V r  in  GcnCs.  Mag. 

for  1795,  p.  1066,  and  1812,  vol.  ii., 
p.  505. — The  Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle, 
A.D.  763  (Bohn's  translation,  p.  339),  says 
*'  Petwin,  consecrated  bp.  of  Wi theme  at 
Adlingfleet,"  an  allocation  adopted  more 
doubtfully  by  the  Rolls  Translator.  Tbe 
original  has  Al]:ec-ee,  which,  of  course,  is 
Klvet  in  Durham. — A.  S.  E.]  At  the  time 
of  the  Poll  Tax,  there  were  59  taxable  in- 
habitants, of  whom  50  i)aid  4rf.,  7  paid 
M. ,  and  2  as  much  as  40d  These  last  were 
1  bocher,  1  flsher,  1  tailor,  3  websters, 
and  1  Wright :  the  two  who  paid  AOd. 
were  Nicholas  Ouseflet  and  Robert  Coke, 
each  described  as  a  Franklin. 

^  According  to  the  present  pagination, 
this  is  67. 


WAPENTAKE   OF  OSGOLDCROSS.  259 

©Out  of  Giffards  Register,  f,  9. 
[vo.  128]  13.*    John  de  Equile  (Eyville)  p'sents  to  the  Church 
of  AdlingHete,    Dat.  at  Adlingflfete  on  Thursday 
next  after  [before,  Dods worth]  the  circusition  of  our  Lord,  1267. 

ibm  fo.  13 

[vol.  28]  19       M.  de  Clare  Countesse  of  Glauc^  ^^  Hertford 
[should  be  14].    p'sents  to  the  Church  of  Adlingflete,  1268. 

©Out  of  Jo:  Romans  Register,  fo,  21. 
[vol.   28]  29     S"^  John  de  Lovetot  K^  p^sents  to  the  church  of 
[20  Ed.  1].       Athelingjlete,  Feb.  1292. 

OOtit  of  Melton's  Register. 
[vul.  28]  98.     The  Abbot  of  Selby  patron  of  the  church  of 
Aihelingfiete  1337  [11  Ed.  3]. 

Out  of  Thoreshies  Register,  fo.  119. 

[vol.  28]  141.     The  Abbot  of  Selby  p^sents  to  the  vicariage  of 

Aihelingflete  1362  [36  Ed.  3]. 

Fines,  A^  2,  H.  6  [1424]. 

4    Between  Nicholas  Wright   of  Redenesste,   Chaplaine   &» 
[vol.  106].     William   Smyth    of    Glauinfordbrigge    plf.    and    Thomas 

Alcoche  of  Adlingjlete  6^  Cecill  his  wife  def  of  2  Mess»  10 
Acres  of  Land  6^  one  rood  more  with  the  appurtnances  in  Adlingflete, 
the  right  of  William  ;  &*  for  this  release  Nicholas  &>  William  have 
granted  to  the  foresaid  Tho  (V  Cecill  the  foresaid  Tent"  with  the  appurt- 
nances to  have  to  the  said  Thomas  &*  Cecill  &*  the  heires  of  the  said 
Thomas  of  the  chiefe  Lords  6^c.  by  the  service  belonging  foreuer. 

Chartoe,'i5  H.  3,  m,  4  [1261]. 

C.  24        The  King  granted  to  John  de  Eyuill  free  wan-en  in  all  his 
[vol.  120a].     demeasne  lands  of  Adlingjlete  in  the  County  of  Yorke  &* 

one  Market  there  on  friday  6^  one  faire  there  for  8  dayes 
viz.  on  the  Eue  c^*  on  the  day  of  the  exaltation  of  the  Holy  Crosse  &>  for 
6  dayes  following. 

Esclieats,  3  K  I,  n  63  [1275]. 

E.  8        Extent  of  the  Lands  of  John  de  Eyvill  in  Cora  Ebor. 
[vol.  123].         The  Jurors  say  that  Thornton  super  Swale  dim'n'  Mess' 
is  worth  6^c ;  Thornton  on  the  hill  the  Capitall  Mess^  is 
worth  6^0 ;  &*  73  Acres  worth  6*^0 ;  the  Mess^^  of  Kilbum  worth  cr'c ; 

^  This  volume,  of  which  great  use  has  tories ;  presentations  to  benefices,  with 

been   made,   contains    Dodsworth's   ab-  names  of  patrons;  ordinations  of  vicar- 

itracts    of    the    various    archiepiscopal  ages,  licenses  to  marry,  and  other  cognate 

registers,  embracing  particulars  of  foun-  subjects, 
dations  of  chapels,  chantries,  and  ora- 


260  WAPBN^TAltE  OJ^  OSflOLlKJROSS. 

37  Acres  of  Land  e^c  ;  Atlidingflet  deman  Mess*  worth  6^c  ;  4  Carucatea 
of  Land  worth  p  an  \b\  the  totall  77"  2«  3^  ob. 

Esch.,  23  E.  1,  n  28  [in  800 ;  33  in  DodstcoHh]  [1295], 

E.  30  The  Jurors  say  that  John  de  Louetot  held  1  Mess*^  and  30 
[vol.  123],  Acres  of  Land  in  Atlielingjlete  6^  the  advousion  of  the 
Church  of  Atlielingflete  &^  the  foresaid  Advousn  is 
worth  yearly  300  markes,  and  that  he  had  the  foresaid  Lands  and 
Advousion  of  John  de  Eyvill  &>  John  de  Eyvill  of  S"^  Roger  de  Mowbray. 
AIlso  they  say  that  Joseph  [Joh'es,  in  Dodsworth]  son  of  the  foresaid  John 
is  next  heire,  6^  of  the  age  of  30  yeares. 

PlUa  de  Banco  Easter  U  16  E,  1,  rot  25  [1288]. 

H.  21  John  Archbishop  of  Yorke  was  summoned  to  Answer  to  John 
[vol.  129].  de  Louetot  de  plito  quare  ad  p''sentationem  p^dicti  Johns  de 
Louetot  ad  Ecclesiam  de  Athingflet  idoneum  psona  non 
admisit  e^c.  Et  idem  Archepiscopus  p  Attumatum  dicit  qd  Magister 
Robertus  de  Scardbugh  Decanus  Ebor.  qui  jam  pfectus  est  in  partibus 
transmarinis  ad  dom  Regem  fuit  psona  p^dictee  Ecclesiae.  Ita  quod  dictus 
Rex  propter  privationem  qm  ipse  Archepus  fecerat  pMcte  Decano  de 
omnibus  bcne6tiis  suis  ecclesiasticis  in  Archepiscopatu  suo  mandant  eidem 
Arch,  p  breve  suum  quod  restitueret  pMictum  Decanu  ad  Ola  benefitia 
quae  habuit  die  quo  idem  Decanus  iter  suum  arripuit  c^'c.  fol.  27. 

Fines,  4  //.  3,  i7i  5  [1220]. 

D.  33       John  de  Dayuill  gave  to  the  Lord  the  King  one  palfrey  for 
[vol.  121  J.     haveing  a  market  on  Monday  at  his  man'"  of  Adlingflet 

[Other  references  to  Adlingfleet  are  DD  (vol.   122)  46,   103;    AA. 

(vol.  117)  105;  Tb.  )  (vol.  28)  14,  93;  C  (vol.  120a)  24,  32  ;  E  (vol. 

123)  8,  39,  49;  F.  (vol.  125)   10,  13;  H  (vol.   129)  21,  89;  D  (vol. 
121)  33;  B(vol.  118)  143. 


Out  oftlie  Leiger  hoolce  of  Selby,  fo,  211  ct» 

B.  3  R  .  .  .  .  Bishop  of  Lincolne  6^c  to  William  his  brother  (<f 
[vol.  118].  all  his  friends  (5^'  men  French  dr*  English  Nigellus  de  Albini 
greeting  know  yee  that  I  for  the  redemption  of  my  soulc 
have  given  to  S^  German  6^  the  monkes  of  Selby  [ad  luminare  eju'dem 
ecd'e.  Dodsworth]  one  Carucate  of  Land  in  Aniecotes  with  all  belonging 
therevnto  in  pure  Almes  free  and  quiet  from  all  secular  service.  Wittnesse 
R.  Bishop  of  Durham. 

*  Amcotes  is  not  in  the  Wapentake  of  Osgoldcross. 


WAPENTAKE   OP   OSGOLDCROSS. 


261 


iba  11  a. 

B.  17        Henry  by  the  grace   of  God   King   of  Euglaad   Duke  of 
[vol  118].     Normandy  cr*  Aqutaiue  6^c  confirm  the  gift  to  the  said 
Monkes  which  Nigollus  de  Albney  gave  unto  them  viz,  one 
Carucate  of  Laud  in  Amecotes  c^c. 

[Another  reference  is  B  (vol.  118)  36]. 


Out  of  S*  Maries  Toivre  in  YorJce, 

SS3.  69  Know  all  men  by  these  p<'seuts  that  I  Thomas  Mountford 
[vol.  94].  Ciiaplaine  have  released  cy  forever  from  me  &*  my  heires 
quit  clame  to  William  Rilleston  K'  William  Rosselin  &* 
Thomas  Whitby  all  my  right  or  Claime  which  I  have  had  or  have  or  by 
any  meanes  shall  have  hereafter  in  all  those  Lands  or  Tenem*'  reuertious 
Renti}  Services  wards  releeues  escheats  mores  woods  parkes  meadowcs, 
feedings,  pastures  [pasturis,  pascuris]  &»  commons  with  all  the  appurt- 
nances  which  the  said  William  William  6^  Thomas  or  I  have  had  of  the 
Ruift  6^c.  feofFm^  of  Ralfe  Newmarch  K*  viz.  in  Wilmersley  Askarne 
Sutton  Misen  Althorp  &»  Saltfletby,  so  that  I  the  foresaid  Thomas 
Mountford  my  heires  nor  any  other  in  my  name  shall  hereafter  c^'c. 
Dat  apud  Wylmei-sley  4  H.  4  [1403]. 


ChartcB,  A'  WE.  2  fi  38  [1318]. 

The  King  granted  to  Roger  de  Novo  Mercato  free  warren  in  all  his 
demeasne  Lands  of  Wylmersley,  Risstingthorp  [RiUingthorp  or  Rish- 
ingthorp],  Askeme  &*  Scoulthorp. 

[Other  references  are  G  (vol.  127)  137 ;  DDD  (vol.  39)  24,  700  ;  CCC 
(vol.  34)  19,  56,  72  ;  FF  (vol  126)  31  ;  HHH  (vol.  54' )  3;  C  (vol. 
120a)  57;  F  (vol.  125)  159.] 


[Dodsworth's  Index,  Vol.  21,  under  this  head  refers  to  Adwick,  of  which 
800  has  no  mention,  as  it  is  in  Strafford  w\ap.] 


*  A  memorandum  is  here  made  on  the 
MS. :  "At  feb.  23  this  be  goan."  Askern. 
wiiich  is  but  a  small  member  of  the 
parish  of  Campsall,  ha'1  no  separate 
existence  in  the  time  of  either  the  Domes- 
iUj  Survey  or  the  Poll  Tax  of  2  R.  II. 

«  The  late  Mr.  Joseph  Hunter  pub- 
lished about  fifty  years  ago  an  exceedingly 
useful  catalogue  of  the  Dods worth  MS., 
and  included  a  list  of  the  old  lettering 
by  which  the  various  volumes  were 
origiiially  distinguished,  and  by  which 
they  wereexcluaively  known  to  the  topo- 


graphers and  antiquaries  of  the  early  part 
uf  the  18th  century.  But  the  present 
writer  has  had  the  misfortune  to  light 
upou  four  mistakes  in  Mr.  Hunters  re- 
ferences. As  some  of  these  entailed 
considerable  trouble  and  occasioned  muclt 
fruitless  search  before  ho  discovered  that 
he  was  being  misled,  he  thinks  it  well  t^> 
8eizo  the  present  opportunity  of  placing 
the  correction  on  record.  Vol.  MM.  is 
now  styled  138,  not  158;  HHH.  is  now 
54,  not  53  ;  H  in  a  circle  is  now  68,  not 
54;  A  in  a  triangle  is  now  25,  not  24. 


262  WAPEin^AKB  OF  OSQOLD0ROS8. 

In  Rotvlis  de  Pontefret,  A""  38  E.  3   [1364]. 

G.  60       John  Rotherfield  tenet  de   Dmo  duce  [Heniy,  Duke  of 
[voL  127].    Lancaster]  2  Knights  fees  in  Gueldale,  Sutton,  Morlay,  [and 
Austhorpy  added  in  original]  and  other  places. 

Fines,  21  Zr.  6  [1433]. 

XXX  r  66  Between  Richard  Lindale  [Sendall]  Clercke  complainant 
[vol.  106].  and  Willia'  Gascoigne  K*  6^  Margret  his  wife  6^  John 
Laberscke  6^  Elen  his  wife  defort  ;of  halfe  the  Mann^*  of 
Carecroft  nere  Burgh  wales,  60  acres  of  land  10  Acres  of  meadowe  100 
Acres  of  pasture  4  Acres  of  wood  6^  20*  rent  with  the  Appurtnaunoes  in 
Skellall  Carecroft  Awston  Burgh  [Burgwallis]  &*  Althwicke  [Adwick]  the 
right  of  Richard  &>  his  heires  dr*o. 

Fines,  34  B.  6  [1456]. 

XXX.  81  Between  Robert  Gray  of  Burgh  wales  Chaplaine  6" 
[vol.  1 06].  Edmund  Parker  of  Burgh  wales  comp*  6^  Richard  Whippy 
&*  Maud  his  wife  def  of  2  Messuages  34  Acres  of  Laud 
6^  4  acres  of  meadowe,  with  the  Appurtnaunces  in  Sutton  in  the  pish  of 
Campsall  &*  in  Campsall  Atiston  6r*  Burghwalles.  The  right  of  the  said 
Edmund  6^o. 

Escheats,  35  F.  3   [1361], 

XX.  103     Inquisition  taken  at  Yorke    before  William  de   Nesfeld 
[vol.  154].     Escheat'  (5^» 

The  Jurors  say  that  Henry  late  Duke  of  Lancaster 
deceased  held  the  day  that  he  died  the  Castell  towne  6^  Houn'  of 
Pontefract  with  the  mann*"*  Lands  and  Tenem**  6^c  and  all  belonging 
to  the  said  Castell  Towne  6^  houn'"  with  the  [their,  Dodsworth]  Appurt- 
naunces in  the  County  of  Yorke  in  manner  vnder  written  viz.  that 
Edward  late  King  of  Eugland  dr'G.  And  they  say  that  there  is  at 
Pontfract  a  certaine  Castell  where  unto  the  houu'"  of  Pontefract  with  the 
Towne  belougeth  together  with  the  mann"  members  6^  Apurtnances 
underwritten,  viz.  Bradford  Almanbery  Leeds  Berewicke  Roundhay 
Scoles  Kipax  Allertou  Rothwell  Altofts  Warnfeld  Akworth  Elmesall 
Campsall  Ouston  Tanshelfe  Knottingley  6^  Beghall  with  all  other  the 
appurtnances  in  the  County  of  Yorke  [aforesaid  county,  Dodsworth] 
with  a  certaine  free  Court  of  the  said  Hon'  of  Pontefract  from  3  weeks 
to  3  weekes  &*  they  say  that  the  foresaid  Castell  within  the  wall  is 
worth  nothing  yearly  because  it  needs  much  reperation  of  the  walls 
houses  and  motes  [ditches  of  the  said  Castle,  Dodsworth].  And  they  say 
that  the  foresaid  Duke  held  no  other  maun"  at  his  death  within  the  said 
Hon'  6^c. 

See  more  in  Ouston,  infra  0. 

[This  reference  to  Pontefract  Castle  is  very  curious,  though  it  is 
certain  that  the  amount  constantly  required  for  the  repair  of  its 
numerous  buildings  must  have  been  very  large,  year  by  year.  John 
of  Gaunt,  the  son  and  successor  of  this  deceased^  must  have  spent  a 
large  fortune  upon  it.] 

^  An  evident  misreading  for  Ouston,  which  see  infra. 


WAPENTAKE  OF  OSGOLDCROSS. 


263 


[Other  references  are  DDD  (vol.  39)  6  or  16,  29,  63,  66,  73 ;  CCC 
(vol.  34)  72;  DD  (vol.  122)  60 ;  F  (vol.  125,  but  Dodsworth  has  FF, 
which  is  really  vol.  126)  45  ;  LL.  (vol.  136)  34;  AA.  (vol.  117)  90; 

(vol.  28)  13,  14,  15,  57,  87,  93,  145 ;  KKK  (vol  62)  47,  58]. 

Fines  in  the  Treasury;  of  R.  Gascoignes  Collections^  A^  36  H,  6  [1458]. 

G.  40  William  Vavasor  &*  Isabell  his  wife  of  the  mann'  of 
[vol  127].     Badsworth  to  the  heiresof  IsabelL  fo.  30  [see  also  note  17]. 

FineSf  27  E,  1  [1299]  ;  out  of  R,  Gascoines  Collections, 

G.  89  Margaret  which  was  wife  of  Geffrey  de  Nevill.  Lands  in 
[vol.  127].     Badstvarth  6-  Calthom  [Cawthom].     D  [vol.  121]  19. 


G  101 

[vol.  127]. 


Out  of  Giffards  Register  ArchJf  of  Yorke. 

King  Henry  p''sented  twise  to  the  Church  of  Badsworth  by 
reason  of  the  Custody  of  the  daughter  &f  heire  of  S*"  John 
de  Long  Villers  6^o.  1268  [52  Hen.  3].  fo.  12,  Gasc.  D.  20b. 


ibm  fo.  17. 

G.  [vol.  127]  102      G.  de  Nevill  p'-sents  his  brother  John  to  the 

56  H.  3  Church  ot  Badsworth  1252. 

[should  be  36  H.  3]. 

Out  of  Kirkstall  hookejo.  40." 

£bor. — Adam  vetus  de  Reynevill  had  4  sonns  viz.  William  eldest  son, 
Adam,  Swain  6^  Jordanus.  This  William  eldest  son  begat  a  Son  called 
Adam  who  had  the  towne  of  Bramley  in  hereditary  right  &»  this  Adam 
gave  Armley  a  certaine  member  of  Bramley  to  Adam  his  unkle.     Adam 


*  Id  Domesday  Badeswrde  is  grouped 
'with   Uttone   (an    inadvertencj  of   the 
acribe  for  "  Upton/'  which  is  given  cor- 
rectly in  the  Index)  and  Rogarthorpe,  as 
liaviug  been  (T.R.  E. )  possessed  by  two 
unnamed  brothers.    It  had  a  pre-Domes- 
day   church ;    the  taxable  area  was    9 
canicates  5  oxgaugs,  and  it  could  then 
employ  6  ploughs.    At  the  Survey  Ilbert 
liad  it  in  his  own  hands,  he  having  13 
villains  there  with  1^  ploughs.     Ue  had 
under  him  11  bordars  with  5  ploughs,  so 
that  the  taxable  area  had  been  slightly 
increased  in  the  interval ;  and  the  revenue 
is  said  to  have  been  3/.,  as  in  the  time 
of   Edward  the   Confessor.     Very  soon 
after  the  date  of  Domesday,  Badsworth 
must  have  been  subinfeuded  to  Ilbert  de 
Ramoeville,  or  Reinville;  for  he  was  a 
younger  contemporary  of  Ilbert  de  Lacy, 
and  held  other  lands  of  him  in  Campsall, 
of  which  he  afterwords  gave  the  tithe  to 
the  chapel  of  St.  Clement  in  the  Castle, 
whidi  chapel  had  tithes  in  Badsworth 


also.  He  was  followed,  perhaps,  after 
an  interval,  by  Adam,  who  gave  the 
manor  of  Badsworth,  with  the  tulvowson 
of  the  rectory,  to  Swein  his  third  son. 
The  Kirkstall  book  gives  this  pedigree: — 

Adam  (votus)  de  Rcinoville. 


Wmiain. 


Adiim, 
il.i.p. 


Swein. 


I 


Jordan. 
Robert. 


Adam.     Eudo  de  =  Eva. 
LoDgvillera 


Agne8=r=William  do 
Longrillora. 

[Do  Quatremain]  ^  Hugelln. 

Heirs  of  Coniers. 

In  2  Richard  IL,  the  Poll  Tax  of  Bads- 
worth  was  charged  upon  31  persons,  only 
one  of  whom,  a  tailor,  had  to  pay  more 
than  id. 

*o  The  reference  to  Dodsworth  is  not 
given,  but  it  is  fo.  626  of  an  unnumbered 
book  of  Pedigrees,  now  voL  4,  in  which 
the  poBterity  of  Swein  is  shown  at  large. 


26i 


WAPENTAKE  OP   OSGOLDCBOSS. 


his  unkle  died  without  Issue.    And  Adam  tooke  Armley  iuto  his  hands 
againe,  cn  gave  it  to  Robert  de  Reynevill  son  of  Jordan  his  uukle. 

Adam  vetus  gave  to  Swaine  his  Son  all  the  Towne  of  Badsworth  with 
the  Advousion  of  the  Church.  This  Swain  had  2  daughters  viz.  Eva  6- 
Agnes.  Eudo  de  Longvillers  vetus  mairied  Eva.  William  his  brother 
married  Agnes.  Eudo  begot  of  Eva  the  heires  of  Longvillers.  William  de 
Longvillers  begot  of  Agnes  a  daughter  called  Hugelin  of  whom  poeeded 
the  heires  Cuyuners  [Coigniers  in  margiit], 

[Other  references  are  to  CCC.  (vol.  34)  20,  46,  56.] 

Recoveries  Easter  T.  i  ff.  G  ro.  321  [1426]. 

EE.  46     Between  Robert  Willoughby  de  Reresby  K*  Richard  Danyell 
[vol.  124].     &*  Richard  Winfold  comp*%  &*  William  de  Harrington  K* 
of  the  Advouson  of  the  Church  of  Badsioorth, 

[Another  reference  is  F.  (vol.  125)  45]. 

Out  of  Thoresbi/s  Register^  fo,  165. 

LL.  39"     S""  Robert  de  Swillington  sen'  K'  p^sents  to  the  Church  of 
[vol.  136].     Radesworth,  1369. 

Out  of  Gree^ifields  Register y  ps  2^  fo. 

liL.  35      S""  Robert  Conyers  p'^sents  to  the  Church  of  Badesworth 

[vol.  136].     [2  No.]  1314  [8  E.  2  ininargin]}'' 

Badsworth  Church  2  Jidy  1621." 

In  the  Quire  on  a  stone, 

A  Lion  Rampart.'^ 

>J<  De  ter  fuy  fayte  et  fourme 

Fa  ter  si  p  William  de  Balderson  [Balderstone  in 

Dodsworth]. 
Ceo  lui   fourme  die  V  de  Ju  .  .  ,  .  [alme  J'su  mercy 

Dodsworth].^^^ 

East  Windoic, 
Ar.  on  a  lion  ramp*  g.  9  joj  or  [Hertford  ^*  in  margin], 
A.  a  A  b  ;  a  m  er.  [Swillington,  in  margin']. 
A.  on  a  \  s,  3  0  on  the  field,  charged  with  3  x  g  [Urswick,  Dodsworth], 


M.172 

[vol.  160] 
et  deinceps. 


"  This  is  an  incorrect  reference.  It 
is  probably  B.  in  a  circle  (vol.  28). 

^2  These  may  be  thus  collated  in  order 
of  time : — 

1268.  D.  and  h.  of  John  Longvillers  was 

in  her  minority. 
1272.  Godfrey  de  Nevile  presents  by  his 

right  as  her  husband. 
1299.  She  is  a  widow  and  dealing  with 

the  lands. 

Her  daughter  Joanna,  who  married 
William  de  Hertforth,  succeeded  to  the 
manor  of  Badsworth,  her  maternal  in- 
heritance. 

>3  This  records  the  result  of  Dods- 
worth's  personal  examination  of  the 
church  at  the  date  named.     The  fulness 


of  the  notes  may  partly  be  accounted  for 
by  the  fact  that  he  traced  his  descent 
from  the  Hertforths  ;  but  it  must  have 
been  greatly  aided  by  the  additional  fact 
that  his  brother  held  the  rectory  from 
1625  till  long  after  the  death  of  the  great 
antiquary,  who  would  thus  have  had 
ample  opportunities  of  supplementing  hia 
early  note?. 

^^  Argent,  a  lion  rampant  gtdes,  were 
the  arms  of  iJert forth ;  the  same  charged 
with  mascles  or  are  ascribed  to  Balderston. 

^'**  This  is  corrupt  or  imperfect.  Hun- 
ter suggests  the  following  as  a  correction: 

+  De  ter  fuy  fayte  et  fourme 
Est  in  ter  fuy  i-etoume 
William  de  Balderstone  gist  id 
Dieu  de  sa  alme  eyt  merci 


WAPENTAKE   OP   OSGOLDCROSS. 


265 


On  a  stone  on  the  south  side  of  tlie  Quire  very  antient, 

A  fesse  dansie  between  10  billets.     [Deincourt,  lords  of  Upton,  a  con- 
tributory township  of  the  parish  of  Bads  worth]. 

On  M"  Dolemans  stall  in  tlie  Church. 

p  pale,  Vavasor  w**^  a  mullet,  with  Vrswicke. 
p  pale,  Urswicke  dr»  Harrington's  frett. 
p  pale,  Vavasor  6r*  and  Gascoyne.^ 

On  a  stall  on  the  North  side  belonging  to  Copley, 

Copley  6f*\^  pale,  Copley  and  3  pickaxes  [Pigott]. 
Pigot     J  Copley." 

p  pale  Copley  cu*  3  roundells  on  a  fesse  betw.  3  flowedelis. 

In  an  Upper  North  window  ^'  with  the  pictures  of  diverse  S**  in  it  with 
a  man  in  armour  kneeling ;  on  his  brest  Vavasor  Cote  cu'  mullet ;  behind 
him,  his  wife  with  paly  Vavasor  cu'  Urswicke. 

Under. 

Hoc  opus  ex  vit,  sic  cum  su»  redimpt  hoc  exomavit ;  Willielmus 

Vavasor  vitreavit  et  exoravit ;  vxor  q  araavit. 

Another  North  mndow. 

Orate  p  animabus  Rycardi  Sybson,  Constancise  vxoris  suse  et  p  animab5 
Tbomro  Willooke  et  Isabellse  vxor  su ;  qui  banc  fenestram  fieri  fecerunt. 

3  North  mndow. 

Orate  devote  p  Salute  corponim  et  Animaru  Juuensi  [Juventutis]  istius 
poch,  qui  me  fecerunt  A°  DnI.  MCCC  LXXI  [MCCCCLXXI.  Dodsworth].*' 

West  vnndoio  of  the  North  Side, 
Or,  three  barrs,  g. 

In  North  mndowes  in  tlie  middle  Isle, 

p  pale.  Vavasor  with  a  mullet  cu'  Urswicke. 

p  pale,  Urswicke  &*  fretty. 

p  pale,  Urswicke  &>  a  lion  rampant. 


'*  There  is  an  iDstnictive  and  Bup- 
gestive  note  in  Hunter's  S.  Yorkfhiro  (ii. 
441)  with  regard  to  these  arms,  and  the 
relationships  indicated  by  them. 

1*  The  Copleys  were  of  Thorpe  Audlin, 
an  outlying  township  of  Badsworth  jui- 
rish.  They  sold  to  Richard  Wilcock. 
The  Cromwelbothams  were  also  of  Thorpe 
Audlin. 

^7  All  these  north  windows  and  the 
chantry  in-  the  north  aisle  seem  to  have 
been  part  of  the  same  tribute  to  the 


memory  of  Isabel,  wife  of  Wm.  Vavasour, 
who  died  childless  in  1471.  The  children 
of  a  second  wife  inherited  the  pro- 
perty ;  till,  in  the  third  generation,  the 
male  heirs  again  failed.  See  sketch  pe- 
digree, note  24,  infra. 

^^  It  was  a  frequent  custom  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  15th  century  for  the  "young 
people  **  of  a  parish  to  combine  to  con- 
tribute a  painted  window  to  their  pariah 
church. 


{To  he  contiimed.) 


VOL.  X. 


NOTES  ON  THE  GENEALOGY  OF  THE  FAMILY  OF  DE 
ESKELBY,  OR  EXELBY,  OF  EXELBY  AND  DISHFOBTH 
IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  YORK. 

By   HENRY   D.   ESHELBY. 

With  the  exception  of  an  interesting  note  by  the  late  Mr. 
J.  R.  Walbran  in  "  Memorials  of  Fountains  Abbey  "  (Surtees 
Soc,  vol.  42),  no  attempt  has  hitherto  been  made  to  elucidate 
the  genealogy  of  this  family,  nor,  so  for  as  we  know,  is  its 
pedigree  to  be  found  in  print.  The  family  is  of  considerable 
antiquity  in  the  county  of  York,  its  surname  being  derived 
from  the  village  and  township  now  known  as  Exelby,^  in  the 
parish  of  Burneston,  Wapentake  of  Hallikeld,  N.ll.,  where 
the  family  undoubtedly  held  lands  from  the  time  of  its 
settlement  there,  about  a.d.  1070  until  as  late  as  a.d.  1600. 
Although  ranked  among  the  gentry,  and  summoned  by  the 
Heralds  in  iheir  progresses  to  enter  their  pedigree,  its 
members,  in  common  with  a  very  large  proportion  of  their 
fellows,  neglected  to  do  so,  and  therefore  no  pedigree  of  the 
family  is  given  in  any  of  the  Visitations.  This  is  much  to 
be  regretted  from  a  genealogical  point  of  view,  as  it  is 
certain  that  at  those  dates  the  ancient  "  evidences ''  remained 
in  the  possession  of  the  family ;  but  it  will  be  seen  in  the 
following  pages  that  an  attempt  to  trace  the  main  lines  of 
descent  has  met  with  fair  success  ;  and  although  the  present 
venture  embraces  only  a  small  portion  of  what  might  be 
accomplished,  it  is  hoped  that  these  notes  may  be  of  interest 
to  genealogists,  and  form  a  nucleus  for  future  enquiry. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  family  was  of  Breton 
origin,  and  that  its  progenitor  in  England  was  Whyomar  or 
Guiemar^  called  in  Domesday  Book  '^horao  comitis  Alani" 
who  accompanied  his  feudal  lord  Alan,  count  of  Brittany 
and  earl  of  Richmond,  at  the  time  of  the  Conquest ;  he  was 

^  ^schelebi  in  Domesday  Book = the      quentlj  in  that  record  and  long  anterior 
hy  of  Aachil,  a  personal  name  found  fre-      to  it. 


NOTES  ON  THE  GENEALOGY  OP   THE  FAMILY  OF  ESKELBY.       267 


one  of  his  chief  under  lords,  and  held  the  honourable  position 
of  Dapifer  or  Seneschal,  which  office  was  held  by  his  de- 
scendants for  several  generations.^  He  shared  largely  in 
the  distribution  of  the  lands  of  the  conquered,  and  at  the 
time  of  Domesday  Survey  was  the  holder  of  the  manors  of 
Aske,  Leyburn,  and  Harnby  (parish  of  Spennithorne),  in 
Richmondshire.^  Whitaker,  writing  of  the  former,  says, 
"  it  was  indeed  one  of  those  gems  of  which  even  these 
mighty  lords  had  not  many  to  bestow."  This  manor  re- 
mained in  the  possession  of  one  branch  of  Whyomar's 
descendants,  the  Askes  of  Aske,  until  about  the  year  1500. 
He  also  appears  in  Domesday  Book  as  holding  lands  in 
Cambridgeshire  of  the  Earl.*  "As  Guihomar,  dapifer,  he 
occurs  witnessing  the  charter  of  Osbern  de  Arcis  to  fS.  Mary's 
Abbey,  at  York  (Drake's  Ebor.,  602).  Very  soon  after  the 
date  of  the  [Domesday]  survey,  he  must  have  obtained  a 
"  considerable  addition  to  the  estates  he  then  held,  partly  out 
"  of  the  Earl's  demesnes ;  for  we  find  him  giving  most  liberally 
**  to  S.  Mary's  Abbey  ^  out  of  his  subsequent  acquisitions, 


«c 


(( 


€i 


'  Vide  Aske  pedigree  in  Gale's  Reg. 
Hod.  de  Richmond  ;  Whitaker^s  Rich- 
mondshire ;  Harrison's  Yorkshire,  &c. 

•  "Yorkshire. — In  Aske,  to  be  taxed, 
6  carucates,  and  there  may  be  4 
ploughs.  Tor  had  there  one  manor; 
Wihomarc,  a  vassal  of  the  earFs  has  now 
in  the  demesne  there  1  plough  and  5 
Yillanes  and  3  bordars  with  2  ploughs. 
The  whole  is  1  mile  long  and  a  half 
broad;  in  King  Edward's  time,  20^., 
the  same  now.  In  Leybume,  to  be 
taxed,  7i  carucates,  and  there  may  be 
5  ploughs.  Aschil  and  Audulf  had  two 
manors  there  ;  Wihumarc  now  has  them, 
nhd  they  are  waste,  llie  whole  is  1  mile 
long  and  1  broad;  value,  in  King  Ed- 
ward's time,  20s.  In  Hemeby,  to  be 
taxed,  9  carucates,  and  there  may  be  6 
ploughs.  Tor  had  a  manor  there,  Wiho- 
marc  has  now  in  the  demesne,  1  plough 
and  12  villanes,  and  8  bordars  with  5 
ploughs.  The  whole  is  1  mile  long  and  a 
half  broad;  value,  in  King  Edward's 
time,  30^.,  the  same  now." 

^  "Cambridgeshire.  —  Lands  of  Earl 
Alan.  In  Essellinge,  Wihomarc  holds  of 
the  earl  1^  hide.  There  is  land  for  3 
ploughs.  In  demesne,  there  are  2  ploughs, 
and  4  villans  have  1  plough.  There  are 
8  serfs,  and  1  mill,  5s.  id, ;  a  fishery, 
1200  eels ;  pasture  at  the  money  of  the 
viU.  It  18  worth,  and  was  worth,  505. ; 
in  the  timo  of  King  Edward,"  60s,    Alsi, 


the  man  of  Eddeva,  held  this  land,  and 
was  able  to  leave  it  without  license.  In 
Forham,  Wihomarc  holds  of  the  earl 
3^  hides.  There  is  land  for  4  ploughs. 
In  demesne,  1  hide  and  1  plough,  and 
sokemen  have  3  ploughs ;  meadow  1 
plough,  pasture  at  the  money  of  the  vill. 
Is  worth  4/.;  when  he  received  it,  3/.; 
in  the  time  of  King  Edward,  70^.  This 
land  was  held  by  three  sokemen,  of  whom 
two,  the  men  of  Eddeva,  the  third,  the 
man  of  Earl  Algar,  could  go  away  without 
their  licence.  Ineward  and  aver  will  be 
found  for  the  Sheriff.  In  Carlentone, 
Wihomarc  holds  of  the  earl  1  virgate  of 
land  ;  a  certain  sokeman  held,  and  found 
aver.  The  same  Wihomarc  holds  of  the 
earl  Ih  hide.  There  is  land  for  3 
ploughs.  In  demesne  there  are  2,  and  3 
villans,  with  3  bordars,  have  1  plough. 
There  are  3  serfs,  meadow  for  2  oxen, 
wood  for  10  hogs.  It  is  worth,  and  was 
worth,  3/.  This  land  child  Godwin  held 
under  Eddeva,  and  could  not  retire  from 
it."    (From  Domesday  Book.) 

*  This  charter  {circa  1100)  is  printed 
in  Mon.  Ang,  vol.  iii.,  pp.  549-600  (ed. 
1846),  having  been  copied  by  Dodsworth 
from  a  leaf  of  the  Register  of  S.  Mary's 
Abbey,  which  is  now  preserved  in  the 
Bodleian  Library  (Charters  in  Bodl.  Lib., 
by  Turner  and  Coxe) ;  it  is  also  found 
transcribed  in  Dodsworth  MSS.,  vol.  vii., 
page  9.    It  is  witnessed  by  Warino  filia 

T  2 


268 


NOTES  ON   THE   GENEALOGY  OP   THE  FAMILY 


"  namely,  no  less  than  four  carucates  each  in  Edlingthorpe 
"  and  Myton,^  one  carucate  in  Forcet,  the  church  and  half  a 
"  carucate  in  Thornton,'  his  tithes  in  Wicra,^  and  also  the 
"  chapel  of  S.  Martin  at  llichmond  with  a  carucate  of  land 
"  there  (Old  Mon.,  i.  388).  The  monks  afterwards  established 
"a  cell  or  priory  in  connection  with  S.  Martin's  Chapel, 
"  apparently  in  the  time  and  with  the  concurrence  of  earl 
"  Stephen,^  who,  with  most  of  his  tenants,  gave  two  (some 
"  three)  garbs  out  of  the  tithes  of  their  demesnes.  *  "Wymer 
"  dapifer '  added  to  its  endowments  garbs  from  his  demesnes 
"  of  Thorn ton-on- Yore,  Leyburne,  Colbourn,  Argum,  Dalton- 
"  on-Tees,  Athelow-Cowton,  and  Ellerton-on-Swale  ;  and, 
"  further,  all  his  tithes  in  Leybourn,  the  four  Cowtons,  the 
*'  two  Buttons  and  Fleetham  (Old  ]\Ion.,  i.  401).^°  He  left  at 
"  least  two  sons,  Warner  dapifer  and  Roger  of  tho  Pipe  Roll, 
"  A.D.  1131,  who  is  no  doubt  the  progenitor  of  the  family  of 
"  de  Ask,  and  the  founder  of  Marrick  priory  (Cartulary  in 
"  Coll.  Top.  et  Gen.,  vol.  v.).  The  pedigree  of  Ask  of  Ask,  in 
"  Gale's  Honor  of  Richmond  (p.  231),  by  Le  Neve,  l^orroy, 
*•  makes  Conan  de  Ask  son  of  Warner,  instead  of  son  of  Roger. 
"  Earl  Conan  called  him  cousin.  One  Wiraer,  probably  a 
"  relative,  was  dapifer  to  William  de  Warrenne."  ^^  These 
were  ^ery  substantial  gifts,  the  land  alone,  exclusive  of  the 
grant  of  tithes,  being  between  1,100  and  1,400  acres. 

Harrison,  in  his  pedigree  of  Aske  (p.  70),  says  that  this 
Wihomar  was  lord  of  Aske  and  Marrick  and  Dapifer  to 
Alan  II.,  earl  of  Richmond,  and  to  Stephen,  earl  of  Rich- 
mond, and  calls  him  tho  son  of  "  Wihomar,  lord  of  Aske, 


Difo,  Landrico  de  Hornhyy  Rohcrt  capel- 
lano^  A:c. ;  Popo  Eugenius  III.  in  the 
eighth  year  of  his  pontificate,  a.d.  114(5, 
confirmed  it.  (Biu'ton's  Mon.  Ebor.,  p. 
272).  See  also  Reg.  Hon.  de  Rich.,  App. 
264.  These  lands,  granted  by  Whyomar, 
continued  in  the  possession  of  the  Abbey 
down  to  the  dissolution  (M.  A.,  vol.  iii., 
p.  604). 

«  Called  "Scotton"  in  Mon.  Ang.  and 
Dodsworth  MSS.;  and  the  confirmation 
charter  in  latter  says,  in  addition,  "two 
parts  of  his  demesnes  in  Mortuna." 

'  Thornton  -  upon -Yore,  subsequently 
known  as  Thornton  Steward,  or  Thornton 
Dapifer,  doubtless  from  its  connection 
with  this  family. 

^  There  can  bo  no  doubt  that  this  is 

the  modem  Wykes,  or  Wicken,  in  Cam- 

^  bridgeshire.    Th^  holdings  of  WihomV'C 


in  this  shire,  at  the  time  of  Domesday, 
have  already  been  shovrn,  he  must  Bub- 
qucntly  have  acquired  his  land  in  thia 
place.  Sometime  between  1146  and  1171, 
Earl  Conan  granted  the  whole  of  his 
demesne  hero  to  Wimar,  this  Whyomar'a 
grandson  {vide  note  31).  All  this  land 
was,  long  after,  held  of  the  Honor  of 
Richmond. 

*  This  must  have  been  soon  after  a.d, 
1093.  Stephen,  third  earl,  succeeded  his 
brother  Alan  II.  (Niger),  second  earl  of 
Richmond  in  1093,  and  died  in  1137. 
For  these  grants,  see  also  Burton's  Mod. 
Ebor.,  pp.  272,  3,  4. 

*"  Mon.  Aug.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  600. 

^^  This  note  is  from  an  interesting 
article  on  the  Domesday  Tenants  of 
Yorkshire,  by  Mr.  A.  S.  Ellis,  Yorks.  Top. 
wmJ  Arch.  Journal,  vol.  v.,  p.  328. 


OF  ESKELBY,  OB  EXELBY,  OP  EXELBY,  ETC. 


269 


one  of  the  great  vassals  to  Edwin,  earl  of  Mercia,  in  the  time 
of  King  Edward  the  Confessor,"  but  he  gives  no  authority 
for  this  statement  as  to  his  paternity,  which  appears  to  be 
at  variance  with  the  probabih'ties  of  the  case ;  he  also  states 
that  he  had  a  brother  Conan  de  Ask,  who  was  archdeacon 
of  Richmond,  and  witness  to  the  charter  of  Earl  Alan  L, 
tenip.  William  Rufus. 

As  previously  mentioned,  Whyomar  left  at  least  two  sons, 
Roger ;  ^^  and  Warner  of  whom  presently. 

Roger  (de  Aske)  was  lord  of  Aske  and  Marrick.  In  the 
earliest  Pipe  Roll  (31  Hen.  I.,  1131)  ^^  in  which  the  Sheriff 
of  Yorkshire  renders  account  of  the  great  vassals  of  Earl 
Stephen  of  Brittany,  he  appears  as  "  Roger,  the  son  of 
Wihomar,''  p^'^ying  five  marks  in  silver.  He  was  the  founder 
of  Marrick  priory,  either  in  the  latter  end  of  the  reign  of 
King  Stephen  or  beginning  of  that  of  Henry  11.^^  He  built 
the  house  on  a  small  farm,  belonging  to  him  there,  w4tli  the 
consent  of  Conan,  Earl  of  Richmond,  and  established  his 
daughter,  Isabella,  there  as  the  first  prioress.  He  gave  to 
the  priory  the  church  of  S.  Andrew,  at  Marrick,  and  one 
carucate.  of  land  there,  with  the  ctssart  in  the  woods  lying 
within  certain  bounds,  &c.,  the  charter  being  witnessed  by 
Roger,  Archbishop  of  York,  Robert  Butevilain,  John  fil. 
Letoldi,'^  Garner  Jil.  Guimar,^^  Roger  de  Kateric,  and 
others.  This  charter  was  afterwards  confirmed  by  Guanar, 
Dapifer  ^^  to  the  earl  of  Richmond,  as  also  by  Conan,  earl 
of  Richmond,  and  by  kings  Henry  II.  and  Edward  III.^® 
Harrison  says  that  he  married  ''  Whitmai,  daughter  and 
heir  of  Roger  fil.  Dolphin  fil.  Gospatrick  de  Dalton,  and  had 


issue. 


(a)  Conan,  fil.  Roger  de  Aske,  Lord  of  Aske  and 
Marrick,  a  benefactor  to  Marrick  Priory,  temj). 
Henry  II.,  married,  1st  Sibilla  de  Aslakby  ;  2nd, 


J*  Gale  Fays,  "  or  Hugo." 

"  Printed  in  Y.  T.  &  A.  J.,  vol.  iii. 

"  Burton's  Mon.  Ebor.,  p.  269. 

1*  John  Letoldi  was  a  canon  of  York 
circa  1160  (Reg.  Walter  Gray,  Sur.  Soc, 
vol.  Ivi.,  p.  275);  for  Bouteveleyn  vide 
Banks'  Baronies  in  fee. 

*•  Roger's  brother. 

17  Harrison's  Yorkshire,  p.  218. 

»8  Mon.  Ang.,voLiv.,  pp.  244-6.  lb  may 
be  mentioned  that  there  was  a  grant  to  the 
abbey  of  Fors  or  Jervaux  by  '*  Roger  de 


Giuiijmar,and  Wamor  his  brother/*  of  the 
whole  vill  of  "  Engilby,"  which  was  con- 
firmed by  Alan,  Karl  of  Brittany  (Mon. 
Ang.,  vol.  v.,  p.  669),  and  by  Earl  Conan 
(son  of  Alan),  as  the  gift  of  '*  Hugo^  son  of 
Wymar,  and  Gamer,  his  brother "  {ihicL 
672),  while  King  Henry's  confirmation 
calls  it  of  "  Roger,  son  of  Wyemar,  and 
Gamer,  his  brother"  {ibid,  576).  See 
also  Burton's  Mon.  Ebor.,  p.  568.  The 
source  of  this  information  seems  to  have 
been  the  register  of  Byland  Abbey. 


270 


NOTES  ON   THE  GENEALOGY  OF  THE  FAMILY 


Agnes and  died  about  5  John ;  from  him 

descended  the  Askes  of  Aske. 
(6)  Roger,  fil.  Roger  de  Aske,  witness  to  his  brother's 
charter  to  Marrick  Priory ;  died  on  his  pilgrimage 
to  Jerusalem. 

(c)  Thomas,  fil.  Roger  de  Aske,  another  witness. 

(d)  Bernard,  fil.  Roger  de  Aske,  also  a  witness. 

(e)  Isabella    de    Aske,   prioress    of    Marrick,    temp. 

Hen.  11. 
It  may  be  that  the  above  statements  respecting  Whyomar's 
family  are  correct ;  but  it  seems  certain  that  he  had  another 
son,  Ralph,  who  has  hitherto  escaped  notice,  and  who  does 
not  appear  in  any  of  the  pedigrees,  for  in  each  of  the  Pipe 
Rolls  for  the  4,  5,  and  6  Hen.  II.  (1157-1160)  '*  Ralph,  son 
of  Roger,  and  Warner,  his  uncle,"  are  among  those  who 
account  for  their  lands  in  Yorkshire. ^^ 

To  return  now  to  Warner  (the  other  son  of  Wihomar),  who 
w  as  Lord  of  Leyburne,  and  Dapifer  to  Stephen,  earl  of  Rich- 
raond,^^  he  also  was  a  benefactor  to  Marrick  Priory,  confirming, 
as  has  been  seen,  the  gift  of  his  brother  Roger/^  and  himself 
giving  one  mark  of  silver  yearly  out  of  the  rent  of  his  mill  at 
EUerton  ;  ^^  he  was  also  a  benefactor  to  S.  Peter's  at  York,  his 
charter  being  confirmed  by  Wimar,  his  son  ;  ^  this  Wimar,  or 
Guimar,  who  appears  to  have  been  the  first  to  style  himself 
de  Eskelby,^^  had  a  sister  named  Adeliz,^  of  whom  beyond 
this  fact  no  mention  has  been  found.  He  confirmed  his 
father's  gift  to  the  hospital  of  S.  Leonard's  (S.  Peter's), 
York,^^  and,  with  his  sons  Robert  and  William,  made  further 


^^  See  also  Notes  and  Queries,  7th 
series,  ii.  47. 

-*^  Harrison,  p.  70. 

-^  See  note  It). 

--  Harrison,  p.  218. 

"  Guaimcrio  Jilio  GuwiaHi*  is  among 
the  witnesses  to  charter  of  Earl  Conan 
(Mon.  Ang.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  650),  also  to  a  grant 
by  Hervey  fitz  Akary,lord  of  Ravensworth, 
to  the  church  of  St.  Andrew,  Marrick, 
temp.  Hen.  ii.  Hervey  fitz  Akary  died 
28  Hen.  ii.  (1182)  (Harrison,  p.  128). 

-*  Mon.  Ang.,  vol.  iv.,  p.  246;  Harrison, 
p.  219  ;  and  Burton,  Mon.  Ebor.,  p.  270. 

-■*  It  is  not  yet  clear  when  the  family 
came  into  possession  of  their  laud  at 
Kxelby.  In  Domesday,  Robert  (de  Mus- 
ters) held  Bumestan,  Theakstone,  Exelby, 
Newton  (Picot  Newton,  alias  Scabbed 
Newton),  Qatenby  and  Ornesby  (?),  Kirk- 


lington,  Thornton  (Cowling)  and  Yam- 
wick.  Two  hundred  years  later,  at  the 
time  of  Kirkby's  Inquest,  all  these  lands 
still  remained  in  the  Muster  family,  xdth 
the  exception  of  Exelby  and  Newton, 
where  five  carucates  (at  least)  were  held 
by  the  Eskelbys,  under  the  Marmiona. 

^  See  note  51. 

26  <«  Carta  WanicHi  dapifcri  Comitis 
Ilichviundia',  r<jo  JVameriiis  dapifer, 
Jiliiis  (jiiimarii,"  grants  to  the  hospital 
of  S.  Peter  of  York  the  ninth  garb  in 
**  EUei-ton ;  witness,  Robert  cameraritis  " 
(Dodsworth  MSS.,  vol.  vii.,  fo.  30  b). 
*'  Carta  JFimeriy  Jilii  }Vanierii,  de  con- 
finnacione  doni  ])atris  sui.  Ego  WiineHuSj 
filing  Warturii'*  conBrms  his  father 
Warner's  gift  to  the  'hospital  of  S. 
Leonard's  (S.  Peter*s),  York,  viz.  a  toft, 
&c.,  which  Bemulf  holds  as  yearly  tenant 


OP  E8KELBT,  OR  BXBLBY,  OF  BXELBY,  ETC. 


271 


grants  to  that  foundation,^  which  were  confirmed  by  Hugh, 
son  of  Gernagan,^  from  whose  charter  we  learn  that  the 
name  of  Wimer's  wife  was  Ivetta.^^  He  also  gave  to  S. 
Peter's  at  York  one  carucate  of  land ;  his  grant  of  which 
was  confirmed  by  King  Henry  H.  in  his  inspeximus  charter.^" 
Sometime  between  a.d.  1146  and  1171  Earl  Conan  granted 
to  him  lands  in  Wike,  in  Cambridgeshire.^^ 

It  seems  probable  that  of  his  two  sons,  Robert  and 
William,  the  former  was  the  elder  ;  apparently  both  died 
before  1198.    The  descendants  of  "William  will  first  be  traced. 

From  various  sources  we  learn  that  William's  wife's  name 
was  Beatrice ;  ^^  he  left  issue  Henry  de  Eskelby  and  Bar- 
tholomew. Concerning  the  former,  little  information  can 
be  given;  he  was  living  in  1199;^^  his  name  is  found  in 
charters  and  records  of  the  period,  and  it  is  almost  certain 
that  he  died  shortly  before  1230  ;^*  but  in  stating  this  it 
must  be  added  that  he  had  a  cousin— once  removed — of  the 
same  name. 

Bartholomew  de  Eskelby,  his  brother,  was  a  person  of 
some  importance,  frequently  found  as  a  witness  to  charters, 
&c.,  and  was  apparently  closely  connected  by  feudal  ties 
with  the  Marmions.     In  1240  he  witnesses  an  agreement 


and  the  ninth  sheaf  of  all  his  demesne 
ofEllerton"  (Dodsworth  MSS.,  vol.  vii., 
fo.  30  b).  Dodsworth  adds  a  note  that, 
in  his  opinion,  this  Wimer,  or  Warner 
bis  father,  was  the  founder  of  EUerton 
Friory,  and,  as  it  appears,  erroneously 
connects  these  two  charters  with  a  fine 
of  5  John  (see  note  69).  See  also  Burton, 
Hon.  Ebor.,  p.  263. 

^  See  note  51. 

^  Hugh,  son  of  Gemagan  de  Tanfield, 
died  in  2  John  (1200),  leaving  Avicia, 
his  daughter  and  heiress,  an  infant.  In 
16  John  she  married  Robert  de  Marmion, 
jonior. 

»  Doda.  MSS.,  voL  120  b,  p.  64b-6(5. 
Hugh,  son  of  Gemagat,  confirms  to 
the  hoepital  of  S.  Peter  of  York,  all 
the  lands  which  Guimarius,  his  man, 
and  his  sons  gave  to  them  in  Crosseby 
and  Askelby,  for  the  souls  of  Ivetta,  wife 
of  Guimar,  &c.  Witnesses,  Stephen  de 
Bolmer.  Amald  de  Mildeby. 

— Ibid.  I,  Alan,  son  of  Alan  de  Folifate, 
with  the  assent  of  Ivetta  my  wife,  confirm 
to  the  hospital  of  S.  Peter,  York,  all  the 
lands  they  have  in  the  territory  of 
Croflseby,  and  in  the  territory  of  Eskelby, 
and  at  the  bridge  cf  Leeming ;  viz.  one 


carucate  of  land  in  Crossebv,  **ct  inansum 
1)1  Eskdbil*  where  the  buildings  are 
placed,  **  crofto  ct  marisco,'*  &c..  as  in  the 
charter  of  Guimarus  ubove.  Witnesses, 
lUdulpho  filio  Alani  de  Folifate,  Martin 
de  Malaherba,  Roger  Pictavensi,  Richard 
and  Ughtred  de  Malaherba.  See  notes 
61-2. 

3»  Dodsworth  MSS.,  vol.  vii.,  fo.  15  b  ; 
Mon.  Ang..  vol.  vi.,  p.  611  ;  also  Cartn 
Antiquae  (RRO.)  DD  22,  aud  Old  Mon. 
Ang.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  293. 

•*'  **  Carta  Cotiani  Ditds  Brilan  and 
ComUis  Jiichmundice*'  Grantd  to  "  Guie- 
mariis,  son  of  Guamerus,**  all  his  demesne 
of  Wicres  with  the  appurts,  to  hold  from 
the  earl  and  his  heirs  as  one  Knight*s  fee. 
Dods.,  vol.  vii.,  fo.  12. 

Conan  iv.,  Duke  of  Brittany  and  fifth 
earl  of  Richmond,  died  in  1171 ;  his 
father,  Alan  III.  (Niger),  fourth  earl,  died 
1 1 46.     See  also  notes  (4  and  69). 

3-  See  note  49. 

^3  Ibid, 

^  A.D.  1230.  Note  on  Assize  Rolls  Co. 
York  N.  i.  i.  2, 16  Hen.  iiL  m.  14.  The 
death  of  Henry  de  Eskelby,  the  plaintiff', 
stays  proceedings  between  him  and  Ro- 
bert Marmion  and  Avicia  his  wife,  tenants. 


272 


NOTES  OK   THE  GENEALOaY  OP  THE  PAlfILT 


between  Ralph,  son  of  William  de  Crosseby,  and  Robert,  his 
brother.^  He  confirmed  to  the  Abbey  of  Fountains,  the 
gifts  of  his  son-in-law,  Blias,  son  of  Stephen  de  Rokesby,  and 
himself  gave  to  the  Abbey  an  oxgang  of  land  in  Slenning- 
ford.^^     He  apparently  left  issue. 

(a)  William  de  Eskelby.^^,  33 

(6)  Richard  de  Eskelby.^^ 

(c)  Robert  de  Eskelby,*®  who  died,  apparently  without 


^  A.D.  1240.  Agreement  between 
Ralph,  Bon  of  William  de  Crosseby,  and 
liobert  his  brother,  of  the  one  part,  and 
Master  Hugh,  the  rector,  and  the  bre- 
thren of  the  hospital  of  S.  Leonard, 
York,  of  the  other  part.  Ralph  and 
Robert  grant  to  Master,  kc.,2  bovatea 
of  land  in  Eskelby  from  the  feast  of 
8.  Lambert,  a.d.  1240,  until  6  "vesture" 
are  fully  taken  from  them.  Witnesses, 
Bartholomew  de  Eskelby,  Hugh  de  Bal- 
derby,  Robert  son  of  GeotFry  de  Pikhale, 
Alan  son  of  Henry  de  Eskelby,  John 
7ava80ur  de  Leeming.  From  Leiger  book 
of  S.  Leonard's,  fo.  iii. ;  Dodsworth  MSS., 
vol.  120  b,  fo.  65  b. 

M  Burton,  Mon.  Ebor.,  pp.  190-200 : 
he  was  one  of  the  jury  on  an  inquisition 
concerning  the  descent  of  the  manor  of 
West  Witton,  temp.  Hen.  iii.  (Keg.  Hon. 
de  Rich.,  p.  99). 


37  Dods.,  vol.  120  b,  fo.  66.  Bar- 
tholomew, son  of  William  de  Eskelby, 
grants  to  the  hospital  of  S.  Peter, 
York,  and  all  their  commoners  of 
lilskelby  and  Leeming,  common  of  pas- 
ture for  all  their  beasts,  not  only  in 
his  demesnes,  but  in  all  places  in  which 
he  and  his  heirs  have  common  of  pas- 
ture. Witnesses,  William  son  of  Bar- 
tholomew de  Eskelby,  Ralph  de  Crosseby, 
William  de  Frithby. 

— Ibid.,6i  b.  Bartholomew  de  Eskelby, 
witness  to  confirmation  of  charter  of 
Radulphus  de  Crodseby  son  of  William 
de  Tanefeud  (?  Tanfield),  N.D. 

—  Ibid.  From  the  foregoing,  Dods- 
worth appears  to  have  compiled  the  fol- 
lowing pedigree  ;  the  numbers,  given  by 
him,  refer  to  the  folios  of  the  Leiger 
book  of  S.  Leonard's  (S.  Peter's),  York : 


GUIHAMERUS  DE  ASKELBI  =r=  IVETTA. 


I 

Adeliz. 


RoBERTDS  DE  Abkelbi  =p  Radulpdub,*  24  H.  3. 

24  H.  3,  fo.  10(3. 


Andreas,  fo.  111. 


Alanus,  filiufl  Alani 
de  Folif  ate. 


'      I 

AONES,t 
fo.  111. 


WiLLIELMUB  =T=  BeATRIZ,  fo.  112. 

Bartholomeus,  fil  Willelml  do  =?= 
Eskelby.    24  H.  3.  fo.  112. 


*  Dodsworth's  authority  for  this  docs  not  appear. 


I 

WiLUELMLR,  filius  BartboL,  fo.  112. 

t  This  may  be  a  mistake  for  Ivefa. 


38  A.D.  1251-2.  Assize  Rolls  Co.  York, 
N.  i.  i.  6,  36  Hen.  iii.  m.  2.  The  Hss-ze 
comes  to  determine  whether  Ilelewysa 
de  Thorp  has  unjustly  disseised  the 
Master  of  the  hospital  of  S.  Leonard, 
York,  of  his  common  of  pasture  in  Thorp, 
which  appertains  to  his  free  tenement  in 
Eskelby,  and  also  William  de  Eskelby 
similarly.  The  jury  say,  she  has  dis- 
seised both.  Verdict  that  they  recover 
seisin.  Helewysia  amerced.  In  1266 
William  de  Eskelby  and  Margaret  hia 
wife  gave  half  a  mark  to  have  a  writ  *'ad 
Umiinum  "  (or  **arf  tenninandam'')  at 
the    Bench    (Common    Fleas)    and    the 


Sheriff  of  York  was  commanded,  &c. 
(Fine  Roll,  49  Hen.  iii.  m.  1). 

^  In  30  Ed.  i.  (1301)  one  Richard  de 
Eskelby  paid  the  subsidy  at  Bowes. 

^"  A.D.  1245-6.  Assize  Roll  Co.  York, 
N.  i.  i.  5,  30  Hen.  iii.  m.  25.  Avicia 
Alarm  ion  puts  in  her  place  WQliam 
Harold  or  Robert  de  Eskelby  vcrstis  Ro- 
bert de  Sancto  Paulo,  in  a  plea  of  land, 
and  also  v.  Rann(ulphus)  son  of  Robert 
concerning  a  plea  of  land. 

A.D.  1276-7.  There  was  evidently 
another  Robert  de  Eskelby  living  about 
this  time,  for  in  5  Edw.  i  t  wo  justices  were 
appointed  to  take  an  assize  of  novel  dis- 


OF  ESKELBY,  OR  EXELBY,  OF  EXELBT,  ETC. 


273 


issue,  before  1286  ;    his   widow   Agnes  married 
2ndly  John  de   Helbeck,  and  with   her   second 
husband  was  Hving  in  1305,  when  they  granted 
land  in  Myton  to  S.  Mary's  Abbey .^ 
(cZ)  Beatrice  de  Eskelby,  who  married  Ehas  de  Rokesby 
(Roxby-Pickhill),  son  of  Stephen  de  Rokesby,  and 
Mabilla  or  Matilda  his  wife;*^  her  husband  was 
living  in  1235 ;  but  he  predeceased  her.     They 
appear  to  have  had  the  following  issue  : — 
William. 
Matilda,  who  married  Robert  de  Roule,  who 

was  living  in  1295.*^ 
Alice,  who  married  Richard,  son  of  Richard 
de   Thormodby ;    they   had    a    son    also 
named  Richard,  who  was  living  in  1295. 
John  (uncertain ).^^ 
Before  finally  leaving  this  branch  of  the  family  we  must 
consider  a  number  of  interesting  records  in  connection  with 
certain  transactions  in  land  between  the  years  1286  and 
1295,  which  bear  upon  this  portion  of  the  pedigree.**     The 


seisiUf  which  Robert  de  Eskelby  arraigned 
against  Heory,  son  of  Agnes  de  Eskelby, 
concerning  tenements  in  Eskelby  (Pat. 
Roll,  5  Edw.  i.  m.  5  d). 

"**  John  de  Sinithorpe  gave  [to  Foun- 
tains Abbey]  all  the  lands  in  Pickhal  at 
Wrangelands  which  Uelias  son  of  Stephen 
de  Rokesby  gave  to  him,  and  which 
Beatrix,  hid  relict,  diiughter  of  Bartho- 
lomew de  Eskelby,  conBrmed  to  him  and 
to  Tunnoc  his  wife  (Burton,  Mon.  Ebor., 
p.  190).  Bartholomew  de  Eskelby  con- 
firmed to  the  Abbey  of  Fotmtaina  one 
oxgang  of  land  in  Kokesby  that  Helias 
B'>n  of  Stephen  gave  (Mon.  Ebor.,  p.  190, 
and  Dodsworth  MSS.  ix.,  fo.  199  b). 
John  de  York,  a  burgess  of  liipon,  gave 
a  croft  near  the  capital  messuage  of 
Rokesby  juxta  Fikeball,  with  half  an 
acre  and  two  selions,  upon  the  way  to 
Kirklington,  and  one  selion  upon  Pcse- 
lands.  Helias,  son  of  Stephen  de  Rokesby, 
gave  his  capital  messuage  in  Rokesby, 
with  a  toft  and  croft,  and  confirmed  what 
John  de  York,  a  burgess  of  Uipon,  had 
given.  He  also  gave  four  oxgaags,  with  26 
acres  and  a  half  of  land,  in  several  parcels, 
with  two  tofts  and  one  croft,  called  Sini- 
thorp  Croft  in  Rokesby, and  another  on  the 
west  of  the  town.  He  also  gave  4  acres 
of  arable  land,  and  2  acres  of  meadow,  in 
NorihengB  here  in  ▲.D.  1235,  together 


with  all  his  land  in  Wodegate,  and  upon 
Stainbrigsic,  and  Midkekevel,  and  an 
annuity  of  4^.  out  of  a  toft  and  other 
lands  held  here  by  Adam  de  Lund  (Mon. 
Ebor.,  p.  190). 

■*-  A  family  of  this  name  appears 
shortly  after  this  date  to  have  been  io- 
volved  in  some  of  the  troubles  of  the 
times,  for  by  Inq.  p.  m.  of  Robert  de 
Rowelle,  in  1303,  it  is  found  that  the 
whole  of  his  lands,  &c.,  are  e.'*cheated  to 
the  lord  the  king,  *-per  fcloniam  Jo- 
JianniSf**  son  and  heir  of  Robert  de 
Rowelle  deceased,  v,hic\i  John  "ull^atiui 
fuit  ill  ;;/c;ir;  comitalu  Liiicolni,"  32 
Edw.  i.  (Cal.  (Jen.,  p.  6'oC),  and  in  the 
Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  375,  the  jury  find 
that  the  land  of  William  de  Roules  in 
Richmondshire  was  escheated  to  the 
king. 

••^  John,  son  of  Helias  de  Fikhill,  gave 
1  acre  of  land  in  Rokesby,  &c.,  to  Foun- 
tains Abbey,  and  Stephen  do  Rokesby 
gave  2  acres  of  land,&c.,  in  Rokesby,  which 
was  confirmed  by  Mabilla  his  relict  and 
Helias  their  son  (Mon.  Ebor.,  p.  190). 

**  A.D.  1286-7.  Four  justices  appointed 
to  take  assize  of  mort  cCaiicestor,  which 
William,  son  of  Elias  de  Rockeby,  Robert 
de  Roule  and  Matilda  his  wife,  Richard 
de  Thormotby  and  Alice  his  wife,  ar- 
raigned against  William  Bek  and  others 


274 


NOTES  ON  THE  GENEALOGY  OF  THE  FAMILY 


documents  speak  for  themselves,  and  the  information  to  be 
drawn  from  them  appears  to  be,  that  Robert  de  Eskelby 


conceming  6  mess.,  1  mill,  1  toft,  and 
14  bovates  of  land,  &c.,  at  Eskylby  and 
Crosaeby  (Pat.  RoU,  15  Edw.  i.  m.  8). 

—  At  Tadcaster  and  at  York,  morrow  of 
the  Epiphany,  16  Ed.  i.  (1288).  The  assize 
comes  to  determine  whether  Robert  de 
Eskilby,  uncle  of  William  son  of  Elyas 
de  Rockeby,  and  of  Matilda  wife  of 
Robert  de  Roule,  and  of  Alice  wife  of 
Richard  de  Thormotby,  was  seised  in  his 
demesne  as  of  fee  of  6  mess.,  1  mill, 
1  toft,  and  14  bovates  of  land,  &c.,  in 
Eskelby  and  Crosseby  the  day  he  died. 
William  ate  Beck  of  Ampleford,*  being 
teuant  of  3  mess.,  the  mill,  and  8  bo- 
vates of  land,  and  Agnes,  who  was  the 
wife  of  Robert  de  Eskelby,  the  holder 
of  3  mess.,  the  toft,  1  mill  (sic),  and  6 
bovates  of  land.  William  ate  £ek  pleads 
that  Robert  did  not  die  seised  of  the 
portion  he  holds,  because  a  long  time 
before  his  death,  Robert  enfeoffed  him 
of  the  same,  &c.  William,  son  of  Elyas, 
and  the  others,  object  to  this,  that  Robert 
merely  demised  to  William  ate  Bok  for  a 
term  of  twenty-four  years.  The  case  was 
deferred  until  the  Quinzaine  of  S.  John 
Baptist,  but  no  postcas  entered  up  (Assize 
Rolls,  Divers  Counties,  N.  2,  6-7,  15-16 
Ed.  I.  m.  9) 

—  A.D.  1295.  Deed  of  Richard  son  of 
Richard  de  Thormodby.  Bv  which  he 
gives  to  Roger  Mynyotand  Isolda  his  wife, 
and  John  his  son,  and  the  heirs  of  Koger, 
the  third  part  of  the  third  part  of  a 
messuage  in  Eskelby,  which  formerly 
belonged  to  Robert  de  Eskelby.  and  which 
the  grantor  had  by  right  of  inheritance, 
after  the  decease  of  Richard  son  of 
Richard  de  Thormodby,  his  late  father, 
and  after  the  decease  of  Alice,  wife  of 
the  said  Richard,  the  grantor's  late 
mother,  which  said  messuage  lies  next 
the  messuage  of  Agnes  de  Eskelby,  who 
had  it  in  dower  after  the  decease  of 
Robert  de  Eskelby,  on  the  south,  and  one 
head  (^^capud'^)  abuts  upon  common 
pasture  upon  the  west,  and  the  other 
head  upon  the  late  Court  of  Alan  de 
Eskelby  on  the  east.  \Ni»nesaes,  John 
de  Holbekk,  Henry  son  of  Agnes  de 
Eskelby,  John  de  la  Dale,  Robert  de 
Roule,  John  de  Swaynesby.  clerk,  and 
others.  Dated  at  Eskelby,  Tuesday  next 
after  the  feast  of  S.  Botolph  (17  June), 

*  William  Attebec  de  Ampleford  was 
cne  of  the  jurors  for  the  Wapentake  of 
Ridale  at  Kirkby's  Inquest  in  1286 
(Surtees  Soc,  vol.  xlix.,  p.  111). 


^      vv«.       XCl.,       p. 


1295   (Dodsworth  MSS^   voL 
179  b). 

—  A.D.  1295.  Deed  of  the  aboTe  per- 
son, quit  claiming  to  the  same  pairties,  all 
his  right  and  claim  in  the  thiixl  part  of  one 
messuage  in  Eskelby,  lyinnc  next  the 
messuage  of  John  de  Holbeke,  which 
Agnes,  wife  of  the  said  John,  lately  held 
in  dower  after  the  death  of  Robert  de 
Eskelby,  her  late  husband,  and  one  head 
abuts  upon  common  pasture  on  the 
west,  and  the  other  head  upon  the  Court 
lately  Alan  de  Eskelby's  upon  the  east. 
Witnesses,  John  de  Helbel^  Henry  son 
of  Agues  de  Eskelby,  John  de  la  Dale, 
Robert  de  Roule,  John  de  Swaynesby, 
clerk,  and  others.  Dated  at  Eskelby  on 
the  same  day  as  the  preceding  deed 
(Dodsworth  MSS.,  vol.  xcL,  p.  180). 

—  s.  d.  Deed  of  William,  son  of  Elias 
de  Rokesby-Pickhill  and  de  Eskelby,  by 
which  he  quitclaims  to  T>ord  Roger 
Mynyot,  &c.  (as  above),  all  his  right  to 
the  manor  of  Eskelby,  which  formerly 
belonged  to  Robert  de  Eskelby,  his  uncle^ 
with  all  the  demesnes,  which  he  has  in 
Newton-juxta-Lemyng  (not  dated  and 
no  witnesses  set  out)  (Dodsworth  MSS., 
vol.  xci.,  fo.  181). 

—  s.  d.  Deed  of  the  same  person,  grant* 
ing  to  the  same  parties  that  annual  rent 
of  1005.  for  the  manor  of  Eskelby,  which 
he  holds  by  a  certain  cirograph  between 
them  the  parties,  for  which  grant  he 
receives  a  certain  sum  of  money  (no  date 
or  witnesses  given)  (Dodsworth  MSS., 
vol.  xci.,  fo.  181b). 

—  A.D.  1295.  Deed  of  Wymerus,  son 
of  Simon  de  Well,  "'Hia7inis  in  CrakhaU** 
by  which  he  quitclaims  to  Lord  Roger 
Mynyot  and  the  others  (as  in  previous 
deeds)  all  his  right  to  any  part  of  the 
capital  messuage  formerly  of  Robert  de 
Kskelby,  his  uncle,  in  the  vill  of  Eskelby, 
for  which  quitclaim  he  receives  a  certain 
sum  of  money.  Dated  at  Eskelby  in  the 
vigil  of  S.  Peter  in  Cathedra,  a.  d.  1295. 
Witnesses,  William  de  Qatenby,  Henry 
son  of  Agnes  de  Eskelby,  Robert  de  Roule, 
John  del  Dale,  Geoffrey  de  Eskelby,  John 
de  Thekston,  clerk,  and  others  (Dods- 
worth MSS.,  vol.  xci.,  fo.  180  b). 

—  s.  d.  Deed  of  Basilia,  formerly 
wife  of  Robert,  son  of  Roger  de  Mel- 
morby,by  which,  in  her  pure  widowhood, 
she  grants  to  Roger  Mynyot  and  the 
others  (as  in  the  previous  deeds)  one  boyate 
of  land  lying  in  the  fields  and  territory 
of  Eskelby,  for  10  marks,  •*  which  said 
bovate,  &c.,  Wimerus,  my  brother,  son  of 


01^  ESKELfit,   OH  EXELBY,   Of   EXELBY,   ETC. 


275 


died  without  issue  before  15  Edw.  I.  (1286),  holding  land 
in  Eskelby  and  Crosseby  ;  that  his  widow,  Agnes,  probably 
about  1295  married  2ndly  John  de  Helbeck,*^  when  her 
dower  reverted  to  her  late  husband's  nephews  and  nieces, 
of  whom  William,  son  of  Elias  de  Rokesby,  Wiraer,  son  of 
Simon  de  Well,^®  and  Richard  de  Thormodby  (great  nephew), 
about  the  same  date,  alienated  some  portion  of  their 
inheritance  to  Lord  Roger  Mynyot. 


Simon  de  Well,  gave  to  me  and  my  heirs  * 
(not  dated  and  the  witnesses  not  given) 
(Dodeworth  MSS.,  vol.  xci.,  fol.  181  b). 

This  seems  to  be  the  proper  place  to 
refer  to  a  charter  belonging  to  S.  Mary's 
Abbey,  York,  copied  by  Dodsworth,  vol. 
TJi.,  p.  30,  by  which  Richard  de  Stockeld, 
and  Beatrice  his  wife,  grant  [to  the 
Abbey]  the  whole  of  the  capital  messuage 
in  Edcelby,  with  the  whole  of  the  de- 
mesne, &o.,  and  the  service  of  John  de 
Helbeck  and  Agnes  his  wife,  to  hold  as 
Alan  de  Eskelby  ever  held  them.  The 
charter  is  witnessed  by  Kobert  Swynyg- 
thwaite,  bailiff  of  Richmond,  Nicholas  de 
Hydelton,  William  de  Gaytenby,  Henry 
son  of  Agnes,  John  Thexton,  William 
Maulouel.  Stephen  de  Dalliog,  &c. 

<*  A.D.  1286.  In  1286  John  de  Helbek 
held  half  a  canicate  of  land  at  Bolton 
(Kirkby's  Inq.,  p.  174),  and  Thomas  de 
HaUebek  1  carucate  at  North  Ottering- 
ton  {ibid.  p.  101),  and  13  bovates  in 
West  Harlsey,  of  which  Robert  de  Foxton 
held  of    him   7    {ibid.   p.    102),   and    3 


carucates  in  Brettanby  {ibid.  p.  179) 
John  de  tiellebek  and  Agoes  his  wife 
were  living  in  May  1305,  when,  by  inqui- 
sition taken  at  York  on  the  Saturday 
next  after  the  Feast  of  S.  John  ajac 
portam  Latinam^  it  is  found  by  the 
jury  that  it  is  not  to  the  prejudice  of  the 
king,  &c.,  for  John  de  Helbeck  aud 
Agnes  his  wife,  to  give  to  the  abbot  and 
convent  of  S.  Mary  at  York,  5  tofts  and 
4  bovates  of  land,  &c.,  in  My  ton,  because 
they  hold  them  immediately  of  the  abbot, 
&c.  (Chancery  Inq.  p.  m.  33  Edw.  i. 
no.  243,  Cal.  Gen.  p.  701).  In  the  same 
year,  1305,  one  John  de  Hellebeck  was 
surety  {^'niamccaplar*')  for  Hugo  de  Low- 
ther.  Knight  of  the  Shire  returned  for 
Westmoreland,  33  Edw.  i.  (Pari  Writs, 
p.  164,  no.  41). 

In  connection  with  the  preceding  deeds 
the  followins;  extract  from  a  sub*idy  roll 
of  30  Edw.  i.  (1301-2),  showing  those 
who  paid  the  subsidy  in  Exelby  has  much 
interest :  — 


Exchequer  Lay  Subsidies,  Yorkshire  N.  R.  211-2,  30  Edw.  i. 
(m.  I.  d.  {Eskelby) : 


de  domino  Jtogero  Myniot 
de  Johannc  de  Helbeck 
de  Johamie  de  la  Dale     . 
de  Johawiie  filio  Bcatricio  . 
de  JVillelmo  CarperUario 
de  Elya  de  Gaytaiiby  . 
de  Ricardo  filio  Maitkci   . 
de  Galfrido  de  Oaytaiiby     . 
de  Henrico  filio  Agnetes  . 

Sunima  xxxv9.  jrf.  ob.  quad. 

^  In  1322,  Robert  de  Well  de  Coin' 
Ebor.,  was  one  of  the  sureties  for  the  good 
behaviour  of  John,  son  of  Gregory  de 
Thornton,  on  his  discharge  from  im- 
prisonment as  an  adherent  of  the  Earl  of 
iAncaster,  and  for  payment  of  fines  im- 
posed on  him  (Pari.  Writs  16  Edw.  il); 


8,     d. 


.     xj*.  viid. 

(11 

7) 

.     .        xs.  Id. 

(10 

1) 

•  •  •         •       « 

uis.  ixa. 

(3 

9) 

.     .              xc^ 

( 

10) 

•  •  ■  •    « 

xmia. 

(1 

2) 

.     .  xvrf.  quad. 

(1 

H) 

xvrf. 

(I 

3) 

.     .         xvMd. 

(1 

5) 

iiis.  ixd,  ob. 

(3 

H) 

•                       •                        mm 

35 

H 

the  father  of  this  John  was  a  person  of 
considerable  importance  in  the  county  of 
York  :  Knight  of  the  Shire  in  1313  and 
1322.  Lord  of  Thornton  in  Lonsdale,  and 
Commissioner  of  Ari-ay  for  Ewcross 


a 


Wapentake  in  1318  (Pari.  Writs;  see  also 
Surtees  Soc.,  vol.  xlix.,  p.  362). 


(To  be  continued.) 


THE   TEMPLARS    AT    TEUPLEHURST. 

By  n.  E.  CUETWVSD-STAPYLTON, 

Op  the  three  principal  Preceptories  of  the  Templars  in 
Yorkshire,  two  have  already  found  a  vates  sacer.  Temple- 
hui'st  alone  lias  not.  The  Chartulary  of  Ribston  has  been 
piofuaelj  illustrated  witli  notes  in  the  pages  of  this  Journal,^ 
and  Mr.  W'heater  has  given  us  an  interesting;  history  of 
Temple  Newsam  in  the  form  of  a  Handbook."  The  general 
history  of  the  Order  in  Yorkshire  has  also  been  ably  treated 
by  J[r.  Kenrick  in  his  "  Historical  Lectures."  '  The  following 
brief  account  of  Templehurst  owes  much  to  all  three,  and 
still  more  to  the  diligent  enquiries  of  Mr.  Worsfold,  the 
present  Rector  of  Haddlesey.* 


The  little  Pieceptory,  now  called  Temple  Farm,  is  easily 
distinguished  by  its  tall  white  tower  seen  from  the  Templehurst 
station  of  the  Great  Nortliern  Railway,  between  Selby  and 

1  Vo1fl.  Tii.,  viii.  and  ix.  "Bd  iliatory,  by  Rev.  John  Eetirick. 

5  Published  by  Mr.  Mann,  of  Leeds.  '  Hnddlefley,  Vnt  and  PreMQt.  pnb- 

3  Papci-s  on   BubjecU  of   ArcbGi>uIog)-      liglied  in  Uie  Somera  Town  Hugsmne. 


THE  TBUPLABS  AT  TEMPLBHrnST.         277 

Doncaster,  At  the  back  of  the  house  are  two  long  barns, 
forming  an  irregular  quadrangle.  A  projecting  doorway  on 
the  south  side  of  the  dwelliug-house  marks  its  age  clearly 
enough.  Its  semicircular  beading  and  deeply-splayed 
mouldings  evidently  point  to  the  Norman  period,  or  the 
transition  between  Norman  and  Early  English,  to  wliich  Mr. 
Rickman  assigns  the  date  about  1189.*  A  scollop-shell 
pattern  on  the  only  two  little  capitals  which  remain,  tell  the 
story  of  some  early  Palmer  or  knight-errant  safely  returned 
from  the  Holy  Land. 


All  we  know  for  certain  of  the  founder,  or  rather  the 
donor  of  the  lauds,  is  that  he  was  a  tenant  of  tlio  Fee  of 
Lacy.  Ralph  de  Hastings  made  the  Templars  a  grant  of 
the  manor  of  Hurst,  and  it  was  ratified  and  confirmed  by 
Henry  de  Lacy,  his  superior  lord,  in  1152.  Ralph's  charter 
of  donation  is  unfortunately  lost,  but  Lacy's  charter  still 
exists,  confirming  the  grant  which  Hastings  had  made,  of 
'■  my  i.iini  of  llurste."  ^  It  was  executed  "  in  the  presence  of 
Brother  Richard  de  Hastinges,  at  Bruge  {apiid  Bi'uge)."'' 
Richard  was  head  of  the  Templars  in  London  in  1 154,  at 
the  accession  of  Henry  II.,  and  was  employed  by  the  king 
in  various  important  negotiations.  In  1160,  Hastings  gave 
great  offence  to  the  Kiug  of  France.  The  French  Princess 
Margaiet  had  been  betrothed  to  Prince  Henry  of  England, 
aud  certain  castles  in  France  were  put  in  charge  of  the 

■  Kckman'B    Arobiteclura,   Chranolo-      worth's  USS,  {BodUian  lAh.),  lib.  viii, 
pial  Table,  fo.  18]. 

*  Dugd.  Mon.  Angl.  vi.,  p,  841 ;  Dods-         '  lUd. 


278 


THE   TEMPLARS   AT  TEMPLBHUBST. 


Templars,  to  hold  pending  the  celebration  of  the  nuptials. 
By  hurrying  on  the  marriage  (though  they  were  both 
infants)  in  presence  of  Hastings  and  two  other  knights,  the 
English  king  obtained  immediate  possession  of  the  French 
fortresses.®  Hastings  was  also  the  friend  and  confidant  of 
Thomas  k  Becket.^  A  charter  of  "  Frater  Richard  de 
Hastynges,  Templi  militiae  in  Anglia  minister  humilis^ 
(evidently  made  before  he  became  grand  master),  is  inserted 
by  Dugdale  in  the  Chartulary  of  the  noble  House  of 
Hastings.^®  In  the  Monasticon,  Dugdale  says  of  Templehurst^ 
quoting  Stillingflete  : — "  Ralph  de  Hastings  and  William 
de  Hastings  gave  to  the  Templars,  Temple-Hyrste  and 
Wyxham  with  their  appurtenances,  a.d.  1152.""  William 
was  eldest  son  of  Hugh  de  Hastings,  Steward  (Dispensator) 
to  King  Henry  L,  and  by  his  two  marriages  was  ancestor  to 
the  two  great  branches  into  which  the  family  of  Hastings 
was  afterwards  divided.  He  ( William)  died  in  1 1 65.  Another 
brother  was  Richard,  parson  of  Barwell,  in  Leicestershire.'^ 
May  we  hazard  a  conjecture  that  the  parson  of  Barwell 
became  a  Grand  Master,  and  that  Richard  and  Ralph  were 
both  brothers  of  William,  and  therefore  sons  of  Hugh  de 
Hastings  ?  But  how  did  Ralph  become  a  Yorkshire  tenant 
of  Lacy  ?  Hitherto  the  Hastings  had  been  settled  in 
Leicestershire.  Hugh  was  the  first  who  married  a  Yorkshire 
heiress,  the  daughter  of  Ivetta  de  Arcliis,  by  her  first 
husband  Roger  ^^  de  Flamville,  though  Ivetta  eventually 
took  Thorp  d'Arches  and  most  of  her  estates  to  her  second 
husband,  Adam  de  Brus,  of  Skelton  Castle,  who  survived 
her.  Ivetta  died  in  1152,^*  and  the  same  year  Ralph  de 
Hastings,  her  grandson  (as  I  have  supposed),  gives  his  lands 
at  Hurst  to  the  Templars,  stimulated  perhaps  by  the  example 


8  Addison's  History  of  the  Templars, 
p.  121. 

9  Jbid. 

10  Ilarl.  MSS.  3881,  fo.  i. 

"  Dugd.  Mod.  Augl.  vi.,  p.  840. 

*2  Dugdale's  History  of  Warwickshire, 
Pedigree  of  Hastings,  p.  1024. 

13  See  the  Charters  of  Old  Malton 
(Dugd.  Mon.  Ang.  vL,  pp.  971-2),  where 
Ivetta  calls  herself  wife  of  Roger  de 
Flamville,  and  Hugh  de  F.  calls  himself 
•*  Son  of  the  said  Roger."  Hugh's  men- 
tion of  his  sister  Maud  married  to  Robert 
de  Hastings  (see  Collins*  Peerage,  iii.,p.B4, 
&c.),  which  has  occasioned  so  much  diffi- 


culty, need  prove  nothing  more  than 
that  he  had  two  sisters,  who  both  mar- 
ried persons  of  the  name  of  Hastings. 
That  Hugh,  and  not  Robert,  was  &e 
husband  of  Robert  de  Flamville's 
daughter,  is  shown  by  a  grant  at  Gressing 
(Gressenhall,  co.  Norf.)  to  Hugh  de 
Hastings,  to  which  Robert  de  Flamville, 
the  brother  of  Roger,  who  is  apparently 
dead,  and  Hugh  de  F.,  are  witnesses 
(Hastings'  Chartulary,  Harl.  MSS.  8881, 
no.  1). 

"  Yorkshire  Arch,  and  Top.  Journal, 
iv.,  p.  245. 


THE   TEMPLARS   AT  TEMPLEHURST.  279 

of  his  relative  Adam  de  Brus,  who  was  also  a  benefactor  to 
the  Order.^*  Another  Hugh,  who  died  in  1208,  grandson 
of  William  de  Hastings,  acquired  the  lordship  of  Alverstan, 
in  the  Wapentake  of  Pickering,  by  marriage  with  the  heiress, 
from  whom  the  present  Earls  of  Huntingdon  are  descended.^^ 
And  two  hundred  years  later  another  Hugh  de  Hastings,  of 
Greasing,  in  Norfolk  (of  the  elder  branch),  became  possessed 
of  Fenwick,  in  the  deanery  of  Doncaster,  by  his  marriage 
with  a  daughter  of  Foliot,  as  we  shall  see.  ^"^ 

The  words  "  apud  Bruge  "  in  Lacy's  charter  seem  to  refer 
to  the  passage  of  the  river  either  at  Castleford  or  Ferry- 
bridge, both  being  about  equidistant  from  Pontefract ;  and 
"we  may  imagine  the  great  lord  of  Pontefract  Castle  going 
down  with  his  baronial  court  to  meet  the  Templar  returning 
from  a  tour  of  visiting  the  estates  of  the  Order,  and  there 
ratifying  the  last  new  grant.  Hurst  is  henceforth  known  by 
the  name  of  Templehurst.  The  witnesses  to  the  charter 
were  mostly  local  personages,  but  the  first  is  evidently  one 
of  the  Templar's  retinue,  "  Radulfus  fil.  Nicolai  dapifer 
8UUS."  After  him  come  Roger  de  Tilli  and  Adam  fil.  Petri 
de  Birkin,  who  both  became  benefactors  to  the  new  precep- 
tory ;  Roger,  son  of  Turstan  de  Malnoir,  of  whom  nothing 
geems  to  be  known ;  Hamo,  father  of  Hamo  de  Meinfelin, 
the  husband  of  Agatha  Trussebut,  whom  he  left  a  young 
widow,  and  who  was  late  in  life  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
preceptory  at  Ribston  ;  *®  Robert  the  chamberlain  (came- 
Tarius)y  and  Robert  the  butler  {i^istor),  two  of  the  Baron's 
household  ;  W.  de  Vilers,  one  of  his  tenants,  founder  of 
Newsam  a  few  years  later ;  Hugh  the  Abbot,  &c. 

Thirty  years  later  (in  1185)  Geoffrey  fitz-Stephen,  Master 
of  the  Order,  caused  an  inventory  to  be  made  of  all  the 
Templars'  lands  in  England.  The  original  is  contained  in  a 
little  vellum  volume,  bound  in  oak  boards,  covered  with 
leather,  labelled  "  Templars'  Book,"  which  is  still  preserved 
in  the  Record  OflSce.^^  The  following  is  the  record  as  to 
Templehurst,  with  the  names  of  the  donors  and  tenants  : — 

Apud  Kelintune.  Ex  dono  Adte  Suani  viii  bovat.  [quarum]  Kaimund 
[tenet]  unam  bov.  pro  4s.,  et  4  gallin.  et  40  ova.     iSi  pastur.  fuerit  et 

»  Ibid,  viil,  p.  259.  viii.,  p.  261,  n. 

^  Pedigree   of   HasiingB,  Thoresby's  ^^  Marked    Queen's    Remembrftncer's 

Leedi,  p.  243.  Office,  Miscell.  vol.  xvi. ,  fo.  64  (JUcOffice) ; 

^  Infra,  printed  in  Dugd.  Monast.  vi.,  p.  838. 
^  Torkihire  Arch,  and  Topog.  Journal, 


280  THE  TEMPLARS   AT  TEMPLEHUBST. 

porcos  habuerit,  do  v.  porcis  [reddet]  unum  porcum.  Simon  et  Alwill 
i  bo  vat  pro  3s.,  pro  p'dco  servitio  [ie.  4  hens  and  40  eggs],  Roald 
i  bovat  pro  48.  &c.  Emerio  i  bovat.  pro  48.  <fec.  Wills  de  £meric  i  bovat 
pro  48.  (fee.  Rio.  i  bov.  pro  48.  <fec.  Hugo  i  bov.  pro  48.  &c  Spartanoe 
i  bov.  pro  48.  &c.  Item  p'dcus  Hugo  [tenet]  vi  toft,  et  iii  acr.  et  i  rod 
pro  30  d.  et  2  galliu.  Summa  de  Hirst  et  p'tin,  vii  mark,  et  x  soL  et 
viiid.  Ecclesia  de  Kelintune  est  ex  donatione  Hen.  de  Laci,  quam 
Johes  de  Kelintune  tenet,  nichil  inde  reddens.  Duo  molendina  apud 
Hirst  sunt  in  dominio. 

It  will  be  observed  that  though  the  "  total  of  •  Hirst ''  is 
given,  the  lands  specified  are  all  in  Kellington,  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river.  We  should  have  expected  to  find 
the  lands  given  by  Hastings  enumerated,  and  some  mention 
of  the  "  capital  messuage  "  there.  The  church  of  Kellington 
was  the  gift  of  Henry  de  Lacy,  the  manor  the  gift  of  Adam 
fitzSweyn.  Kellington  was  part  of  Baret's  land,  a  large 
landowner  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  Aire,  in  the  time  of 
the  Confessor.  Most  of  his  estates  were  given  to  Ilbert  de 
Lacy,  but  he  was  allowed  to  retain  a  manor  in  Roall  and 
Egborough,  and  another  in  Kellington.^®  Ailric  afterwards 
had  Baret's  manor  at  Kellington.  He  was  succeeded  by  his 
son,  "  Sweyn,  son  of  Ailric/'  who  gave  the  church  of  Silkston 
to  the  monks  of  Pontefract,  and  after  Sweyn  came  "Adam 
fil.  Swani  fil.  Ailrichi,"  who  founded  the  Priory  of  Monks' 
Bretton.  The  last-named  was  one  of  the  chief  men  in  the 
county  in  his  day,  and  died  in  1158,  leaving  two  daughters, 
between  whom  his  great  estate  was  divided.^^ 

Apud  Fenwick.  Ex  dono  Jordani  Foliot,  xl.  acras,  quas  isti  tcnent, 
Alex,  pistor  v  acras  pro  15d.  ;  Wale""  xiiii  acras  pro  3s.  9d.  et  iv  gall,  et 
xl  ova.  Petral  de  Gipin  vi  acr.  pro  18d.  Had.  fil.  Lefrici  xv  acr.  pro 
3s.  4d.  et  iii  gallin.  et  xl  ova.  Ex  dono  Otonis  do  Tilli,  viii  aci*as  quas 
Walterus  tenet  pro  30d.  Item  ex  dono  Otonis  de  Tilli,  viii  acras  quas 
Radulfus  fil.  Lefrici  tenet  pro  2s.  Item  ex  dono  ipsius,  Sudbreit  [tenet] 
quatuor  acras  pro  12d.  Ex  dono  Otonis,  Bondus  [tenet]  xx  acras  pro  5s., 
Cesar  clericus,  xii  acras  pro  3s. 

Apud  Nortune.  Ex  dono  Jordani  Foliot,  Kogerus  Plumer  unam  acram 
pro  14d.     Wills  Man  vi  acras  pro  2s. 

Apud  FABEnunNE.  Ex  dono  Ada)  fil.  Petri  do  Birkine  quatuor  acras. 
Et  ex  dono  Adro  fil.  Petri  de  Prestune  x  acras  quas  Simon  de  Fareburao 
tenet  pro  dim.  marca. 

Apud  Burgum.  (Burgh  Waleis),  unum  molend.  qd.  Robert  us  Walensis 
tenet  pro  20s. 

20  Notes   on    Yorkshire    Tenants    at  -"^  Hunter's  Deanery  oi  DoQcasterj  ii-, 

Domesday,  Yorksh.  Arch.  Journal,  vi.,      p.  222. 
p.  294. 


THE    TEMPLARS  AT   TEMPLEHURST,  281 

Foliot's  40  acres  at  Fenwick  were  given  to  provide  a 
chaplain  at  Templehurst.  They  had  tlieir  mansion-house  at 
Fenwick,  and  their  free  chapel  at  Norton.  The  line  of 
Foliot  came  to  an  end  in  the  reign  of  Edward  III.,  in  the 
two  daughters  of  Jordan  Foliot,  who  at  the  death  of  their 
brother  without  issue,  became  heiresses  to  the  estate.  One 
of  them,  Margery,  married  Hugh  de  Hastings  of  Gressing 
Hall,  Norfolk,  eldest  son  of  John  Lord  Hastings  and  Ber- 
gavenny  by  his  second  wife,  and  carried  the  whole  estate 
at  Fenwick  to  that  family.  Sir  Hugh  dying  in  1357,  and 
his  widow  two  years  after  him,  they  were  both  buried  at 
Elsing,  in  Norfolk,  where  there  is  a  beautiful  monument,^* 
Sir  Hugh  having  built  the  church  there.  He  bears  a  coat 
of  arms,  differing  in  the  colours  only  from  those  of  the 
Earls  of  Huntingdon,  from  whom  he  was  descended,  viz.  or, 
a  manch  gu.  (the  same  as  are  now  borne  by  Astley  Lord 
Hastings),  impaling  the  arms  of  Foliot,  gu.  a  bend  argent. 
Otho  de  Tilli  and  Ralph  de  Tilli  were  both  witnesses  with 
Jordan  de  Foliot  to  a  charter  of  Henry  de  Lacy,  con- 
firming the  original  grant  of  William  de  Villers  to  Newhus 
(Temple  Newsham).^ 

Another  benefactor  is  recorded  in  the  Monasticon. 
Dugdate,  quoting  Stillingflete,  who  wrote  in  1434,  says  :— 
"Robert  de  Stapelton  gave  the  vill  of  Osmundethorp  to  the 
Templars  of  Templehurst."  ^*  Osmundthorp  is  said  to  have 
been  the  Villa  Regia  of  the  kings  of  Northumberland, 
spoken  of  by  Bede  as  being  near  Leeds,  "  in  regione  quce 
vacatur  Loidis."  In  Thoresby's  time  it  lay  a  mile  outside 
the  town,  in  the  direction  of  Temple  Newsam,  "  the  skirts 
of  the  demesne  being  waslied  by  the  Wyke  Beck/'^^  It 
now  forms  part  of  the  great  manufacturing  town  of  Leeds. 
Robert  de  Stapelton  was  one  of  the  West  Riding  family  who 
had  property  at  Cudworth  and  Thorpe  Stapleton.  It  may 
have  been  to  enable  him  to  make  this  grant  that,  about  1172, 
he  gave  the  monks  of  Pontefract  two  tofts  in  that  town,  in 
exchange  for  three  bovates  at  Osmundthorj),  which  he  had 
formerly  bestowed  upon  the  same  monks  in  exchange  for 
land  at  Armesby.^^     The  witnesses  to  this  charter  were 

33  GoQgh's  Sepulchral  Monuments,  i.,  ^  Thoresby's  Leeds,  p.  108. 

p.  100.  -6  Gervase   Holies*  CoUectionB,  Lans- 

*  Whiter*!  Hist,  of  Temple  Newsam,  downe  MSS.  207  A,  £o.  603. 

*  Dugd.  Mod.  tI,  p.  840, 

YOU  X.  M 


282  THE  TBMPLABS  AT  TEMPLBHUBST. 

Rain'us  clericus  de  Derfeld,  Willus  fil.  Hervei,  Petrus  de 
Tolleston,  et  Ricardus  et  Alanus  fratres  sui,  Herbertus  de 
Archis,  WiUus  fil.  Morker,  Walterus  de  Tolose,  Ricus  de 
Stapelton  et  Hugo  frater  ejus,  Walterus  fil.  Hugonis, 
Ricardus  de  Archis,  Jordanus  de  Ledestun,  et  Roger,  de 
Ledestun.  The  witnesses  enable  us  to  fix  the  date  about 
1172.  The  four  names  printed  in  Italics  occur  in  another 
Pontefract  charter,  dated  the  second  Lent  after  King 
Henry  U.  swore  to  take  the  Cross  from  the  Christmas 
following  {accepit  crucem),  when  he  did  penance  at 
Avranches  for  the  murder  of  Becket.^^  In  another  Sta- 
pelton charter  witnessed  by  Henry  de  Lacy,  who  died 
before  1190,  and  others,  Robert  styles  himself  "Robertus 
fil.  Willi,  fil.  Hugonis."  He  was  one  of  the  knights  of 
Yorkshire  in  1166,  holding  two  fees  of  Henry  de  Lacy,  and 
was  of  full  age  as  early  as  1154,  for  he  was  one  of  the 
witnesses  when  Lacy  confirmed  the  charter  of  Pontefract 
Priory  at  his  brother's  death  in  that  year.  There  was  a 
second  Robert  de  Stapelton,  grandson  of  the  first,  who 
flourished  between  1250  and  1280,  and  was  one  of  the 
principal  officers  at  Pontefract.  It  is  necessary  to  dis- 
tinguish carefully  between  the  two,  for  serious  mistakes 
have  been  made  in  fixing  the  dates  of  undated  charters, 
from  supposing  that  the  grandson  was  the  only  one  of  this 
name.  It  was  probably  the  first  Sir  Robert  (the  grand- 
father) who  had  license  from  the  Templars  at  their  Chapter 
in  London  to  build  a  chapel  "in  curia  sua  de  Thorpe'* 
(Thorpe  Stapelton  on  the  river  Aire,  near  Temple  Newsam), 
and  to  establish  a  Chauntry  there,  swearing  fealty  to  the 
Templars,  and  reserving  all  the  offerings  to  the  mother 
church  at  Whitechurche  (Whitkirk^^).  The  witnesses  to 
this  deed  are  Wills.  Grammaticus,  Jordan  de  Insula,  Wills, 
le  Peytevin  milites,  Elias  capellanus,  tunc  vicarius  de 
Whitechirch,  &c.  William  Grammary  was  probably  one  of 
that  name,  of  Bickerton,  near  Ribston,  living  in  1202,^^  and 
William  le  Poictevin,  of  Headingley,  near  Leeds,  living  in 
]207.^°      Jordan   de   ITsle   was   witness   to   a   charter  of 


^  Yorksh.  Arch,  and  Top.  Journal,  viii.,  ^  Yorkshire  Arch,  and  Top.  Jounud, 

p.  500,  u.  viii.,  p.  274,  n. 

28  Dodsworth's    MSS.    (Bodl^wm    Li-  »  Stapletcn's  Trinity  Priory,    p.   6i, 

brary),  vol.  viii.,  fo.  221 .  ^^^  Kirkby's  Inquest  (Surtees  Society), 

p.  S3,  n. 


THE  TEMPLABS  AT   TEMPLEHURST.  SSS 

Helewise,  or  Ha  wise  de  GlanvillOi  probably  after  she  was  loft 
a  widow  in  1190.^* 

John  de  Curteney  was  another  benefactor  at  a  later 
period.  In  the  reign  of  Henry  HI.,  for  the  good  of  his  soul 
and  of  Emma  his  wife,  and  for  an  annual  rent  of  lO.^f.,  ho 
gave  the  Templars  a  parcell  of  land  in  East  Hurst,  abutting 
on  their  dyke  (Jbssatum)  which  runs  from  their  lands  in 
Teroplehurst  "  to  the  boundaries  of  Carlton/'  apparently  the 
"  Marsh  Drain  '*  which  still  falls  into  the  river  below  the 
village.  The  long  "  Temple  Drain,"  which  falls  in  just  above 
the  Preceptory,  was  probably  made  by  the  Templars  to  drain 
their  lands  in  West  Hurst.  By  the  same  charter  John  do 
Curteney  gave  up  all  the  rights  {communam  bosci)  which 
he  or  his  men  had  in  the  Templars  wood,  and  the  Templars 
in  return  gave  up  theirs  in  the  wood  of  Est  Hurst,  so  that 
either  party  might  enclose  his  own  and  improve  it  (cw^ar- 
tare),  as  he  pleased.  A  concord  of  fine  to  this  effect  was 
made  between  them  in  the  19th  Henry  HI.,  in  which  the 
extent  of  the  land  is  put  at  sixty  acres. 

The  Templars  had  large  estates,  but,  unlike  the  great 
monastic  establishments  of  other  Orders,  their  preccptories 
were  small  and  unpretentious.  Templars  came  and  went 
at  the  bidding  of  the  Grand  Master,  and  the  numt>er8  at 
Templehurst  were  probably  never  very  large.  Only  two 
are  found  there  at  the  general  seizure,  1308,  and  only  four- 
and-twenty  were  brought  before  the  Council  at  York  from 
all  the  northern  counties.  Very  few  of  their  names  are 
known.  The  two  supposed  to  be  buried  beside  the  altar  at 
Bibston  are  unknown.^  The  monuments  in  the  Temple 
church  in  London,  though  they  enshrine  some  of  the  uioHt 
distinguished  names  in  English  history,  are  known  only  by 
the  arms  on  their  shields.  One  of  the  Staf^eltons  of  Ha/1« 
dlesej,  buried  at  Kirkby  Fletham,  who  wan  a  Broth^^r  of 
the  Order,  whether  he  belonged  to  the  Prccf;pt/iry  at  T^rrn- 
plehurst  or  the  little  hoase  at  South  Cowtou,  of  which 
Kirkby  Flelham  was  the  Temp!an»'  church,^  h»  K/;IHrj^torj 
was  their  church  at  Templehurht,  i»  only  known  by  fai^ 
shield  of  arms.     A  ^  label "'  shows  be  wa^i  an  eldest  son. 


138.  T'T.-    A-i    MjrU,    '^MTUtA    H    *,.  \i.  t.5;» 

*  Torfakm  Area.  aa«i  T-^.  i'^znoL,        'iJi^^x-i,  ^AUft. 


284  THE  TEMPLABS  AT  TEMPLEHUBST. 

He  is  clad  in  mail  armour,  and  over  it  is  a  long  linen 
surcoat,  fastened  round  the  waist  with  a  small  girdle.  A 
monument  at  Birkin,  which  was  the  parish  church  of 
Templehurst  till  1855,  when  Birkin  and  Haddlesey  were 
divided,  has  not  even  a  coat  of  arms  to  distinguish  it.  Mr. 
G.  A.  Poole,  the  architect,  supposes  it  to  represent  "  an  old 
Preceptor  who  escaped  from  Templehurst  at  the  dissolution 
of  the  Order,"  ^*  and  it  will  be  observed  that  Ivo  de  Etton, 
the  last  Preceptor  of  Templehurst,  is  not  among  those  who 
were  imprisoned  at  York  and  brought  before  the  Council. 
He  may  have  taken  to  secular  pursuits,  or  lived  as  a  "  Com- 
moner" in  some  neighbouring  monastery.  The  figure  is 
recumbent,  and  cross-legged  above  the  knee,  with  his  feet 
resting  upon  a  dog,  denoting  a  knight,  as  some  say.  He  is 
bareheaded,  his  hair  parted  in  the  middle,  and  flowing  in 
wavy  rolls.  He  is  habited  in  the  same  loose  linen  robe  as 
the  figure  at  Kirkby  Fletham,  but  without  the  coat  of  mail 
underneath.  His  hands  are  raised  to  his  mouth  in  prayer, 
and  between  them  is  a  ball,  which  some  explain  as  repre* 
senting  the  outpouring  of  the  Spirit.  He  lies  under  an  arch 
in  the  north  wall,  as  the  monument  at  Kirkby  Fletham  did 
till  it  was  removed  into  the  chancel.  The  Templars  seem 
to  have  encouraged  church  architecture.  The  period  during 
which  they  were  at  Templehurst  is  that  usually  assigned  to 
the  Early  English  style.  The  fine  tower  of  Kellington 
church,  and  much  of  the  church  at  Snaith,  are  Early 
English.  Birkin  also  is  supposed  by  Mr.  Poole  to  date 
"  from  soon  after  the  establishment  of  the  Templars  here," 
though  it  is  decidedly  Norman,  "  differing,  however,  in  the 
arrangement  of  its  choir  and  apse  from  the  many  small 
Korraan  churches  on  this  side  of  Yorkshire."  ^^ 

The  Templars*  estates  were  well  managed.  We  meet 
with  many  proofs  that  they  were  worth  much  more  at  this 
time  than  they  were  afterwards.^^  Part  was  held  in 
demesne,  on  both  sides  of  the  river  alike,  but  much  the 
larger  part  was  held  in  small  farms  whose  tenants  were 
either  free  or  performed  villein  services.  In  1302,  Milo  de 
Stapelton,  who  was  lord  of  the  adjoining  manor  of  Had- 
dlesey, gave  them  "  in  free  alms,"  all  his  rights  in  a  number 
of  small  tenements  occupied  by  servants  of  the  Temple,  sq 

3*  Murray's  Handbook  of  Yor)(8hire,  ^  Ibid. 

p.  14,  yrhwe  it  is  quoted^  ^  Fide  infra. 


THB  TBUPLASS  AT   TEUPLEHURST.  285 

that  the  Brethren  and  their  successors  for  ever  should  hare 
"all  services,  homages,  reliefs,  and  escheats  relating  to  the 
same."  The  gift  ia  in  the  nature  of  an  enfranchisement. 
The  "  toft  "  mentioned  in  each  case  may  imply  that  a  con- 
dition was  attached  to  rebuild  the  houses  upon  them  Avhich 
had  become  ruinous  or  fallen  down.  The  sites  cannot  now 
be  identified,  but  they  are  described  as  follows  :  — A  toft  and 
five  acres  of  land,  which  Ingelardus  fil.  Kogeri  of  the  Temple 
{de  Tenipio),  of  Begliby  Hall,  holds  in  West  Haddlesey.  A 
toft  and  three  acres  which  llobert  de  Camelfford  of  the 
Temple  holds  there.  A  toft  and  four  acres  of  land,  and  half 
an  acre  of  meadow,  which  Richard  Ayr  of  the  Temple  holds. 
And  one  toft  which  Adam,  son  of  Hugh  Balcok,  of  the 
Temple,  holds.     All  these  were  in  West  Haddlesey.     And 


Seal  or  Toiplarb. 

one  toft  and  one  bovate  and  seven  acres  which  Alan  Balcok 
holds  in  Miildle  Haddlesey.  This  charter  was  given  at 
Ribston  on  the  Wednesday  after  the  feast  of  St.  Matthias 
the  Apostle,  1302,  in  the  presence  of  Robert  de  Burlay  and 
John  de  Metehani,  knights,  William  de  la  Hayc,  William  do 
Hathelsay,  clericus."  Adam  do  Preston  and  Laurence  of 
York,  clerk  of  the  Temple.^^  The  deed  and  its  counter- 
part are  both  preserved  in  the  British  Museum,  Both  have 
seats.  One  bears  the  common  seal  of  the  Templars,  an 
AgDUS  Dei,  and  the  words  "Sigillum  Templi.""  The  other 
has  the  cross  above  the  crescent,  and  a  leopard  or  other 
animal  below.  By  the  same  charter  Sir  Miles  also  quit- 
claimed a  certain  meadow  called  the  Calf  Enge,  euciosed 


286  THE  TEMPLARS  AT  TEMPLEHURST. 

with  hedges  and  ditches  {sepihus  et  fossatis),  and  a  croft 
and  a  windmill  opposite  the  door  or  the  gate  of  Templehurst 
{in  Est  Hathelsey,  ex  opposit.  parte  dom.  sice  de  Hyrste)  ^^ 
which  the  Templars  already  held  of  his  fee  in  Haddlesey. 
In  1304  Sir  Miles  made  an  exchange  of  lands  with  William 
de  la  More,  the  Master  of  the  Temple,  with  the  consent  of 
the  whole  chapter  of  the  Order  assembled  at  Temple  Dinsley, 
in  Hertfordshire,  on  the  feast  of  St.  Barnabas  the  Apostle. 
The  grant  on  this  occasion  comprised  about  eight  acres  in 
East  Haddlesey,  lying  between  a  meadow  of  Stapelton's  and 
the  river,  for  which  the  Templars  gave  in  exchange  nine 
acres  in  Middle  Haddlesey,  called  Ranfride,  which  were  also 
near  the  river  side,  being  provided  with  banks  ad  eocclu- 
sionem  et  defeiisionem  aquce}^  The  witnesses  to  this  deed 
are  mostly  Templars,  viz.,  Frater  Ralph  de  Barton,  F.  John 
de  Stokes,  chaplain,  F.  Thomas  de  Toloust,  F.  William  fitz- 
John,  F.  William  de  Grafton,  preceptor  of  the  bailiwick  of 
York,  William  de  la  Haye,  William  de  Hathelesaye,  clericus, 
John  de  Euottingele,  and  others. 

^  These  worda  ore  added  iu  the  coun-  ^^  Cart.  Harl.  88  C,  39. 

terpart  deed. 


{To  he  e&rUinued.) 


THE    BATTLE    OF    TOWTON. 


By  ALEX.  D.  H.  LE ADMAN. » 


Four  miles  southward  of  the  ancient  town  of  Tadcaster, 
and  about  two  miles  and  a  half  from  the  Church  Fenton 
Station  on  the  Leeds  and  York  line  of  railway,  is  situate  the 
quiet  and  picturesque  village  of  Saxton,  to  the  north  of 
which  lies  the  site  where  the  most  bloody  battle  that  ever 
took  place  on  English  ground  was  fought,  and  which  has 
been  justly  called  *'  The  Pharsalia  of  England."  Here  was 
reached  the  culminating  point  of  that  terrible  and  prolonged 
struggle  between  the  rival  houses  of  the  White  Rose  and 
the  Red.  Here  it  was  that  the  chief  of  Lancaster,  Henry  VL, 
lost  his  crown  and  possessions,  and  the  dynasties  of  the 
kingdom  were  handed  over  to  the  House  of  York. 

England  had  long  been  mad,  and  scarred  herself : 
The  brother  blindly  shed  the  brother's  blood, 
The  father  rashly  slaughtered  hys  own  son. 
The  son,  compelled,  was  butcher  to  the  sire  ; 
All  this  divided  York  and  Lancaster. 


After  the  battle  of  Wakefield  the  victorious  armies  of  the 
Lancastrians,  elated  with  their  success  and  emboldened  by 


*  The  mat«irial8  from  which  this  con- 
tribation  is  collated  embrace  every  15th 
century  authority  1  could  find.  Amonp; 
Uiesources  of  information  are : — Wilhelmi 
Wyrcester  Annales  Kenim  Anglicarum, 
in  vol.  ii,  part  2,  of  Letters  and  Papers 
illustrative  of  the  Wars  of  the  English  in 
France  during  the  reign  of  Henry  VI., 
edited  by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Stevenson, 
Rolls  Series.  Regis  Abbatiao  Johannis 
Wethamstede.  edited  by  H.  T.  Kiley, 
ToL  L,  RoUb  Series.  Political  Poems  and 
SoQgi  from  Edward  III.  to  Richard  III., 
▼oU  it.  Rolls  Series.  Polydore  Vergil's 
Koglish  History,  edited  by  Sir  Henry 
EUis  for  the  Camden  Society,  London, 
1844.  An  English  Chronicle  from  1377- 
1461,  edited  by  the  Rev.  J.  S.  Davies  for 


the  Camden  Society,  London,  1856. 
Heame's  Fragment;  Chronicles  of  the 
White  Rose  of  York,  London,  1845. 
Political  Poems,  temp.  Henry  VI.  to 
Edward  IV.,  collected  by  Sir  Frederick 
Madden,  and  printed  in  the  Archscologia, 
vol.  xxix.  Historiso  Croylandis  Conti- 
nuatis  in  Rerum  Anglicarum  Scriptorum 
veterum,  in  3  vols.,  vol.  i.,  Qale  and 
Fell,  Oxford,  1684.  The  Paston  Letters, 
edited  by  James  Qairdner,  in  8  vols., 
London,  1872-4-5,  vols.  i.  and  ii  The 
Itinerary  of  John  Leland,  in  9  vols.,  pub* 
lished  by  Mr.  Thomas  Heame,  Oxford, 
1770,  vols.  i.  and  vi.  Peter  College 
Chronique,  in  vol.  ii.  of  Leland^s  Col- 
lectanea,  an  edition  printed  in  8  vols., 
London,   1774.      The  Chronicle  of  the 


288 


THE  BATTLE   OP  TOWTON. 


the  execution  of  the  Duke  of  York  and  the  Earl  of  Salisbury, 
were  joined  by  the  Queen  and  her  son  Prince  Edward,  when 
at  once  they  proceeded  southward  with  the  intention  of 
occupyinfy  London.     On  their  way  they  were  met  by  the 
Earl  of  Warwick,  who  commanded  a  body  of  Kentish  men, 
and  had  King  Henry  with  him  as  prisoner.     A  desperate 
struggle  took  place  at  St.  Albans,  17th  February,  1460-61^ 
in  which  the  Yorkists  were  worsted  and  broke  away  under-" 
cover  of  night.     Maro;aret  was  able  to  rescue  her  husband, 
but  her  men,  instead  of  pursuing  their  retreating  enemies, 
gave  themselves  up  to  pillage  and  riotous  living,  plundering" 
churches,  insulting  the  priests,  and  sparing  neither  age  nor 
sex  in  their  ravages.     Margaret  greatly  deplored  their  con- 
duct, but  was  powerless  to  hinder  them.    Tiieir  cruel  excesses 
injured  the  royal  cause  in  the  south  beyond  recovery. 

Meanwhile  Edward,  Earl  of  March,  and  now  Duke  of 
York,  whilst  engaged  at  Gloucester  in  raising  forces,  had 
heard  of  his  uither  s  fate  and  the  insult  of  his  severed  head 
being  placed  on  Micklegate  Bar  in  York.  Determined  to 
avenge  his  father's  blood,  he  marched  with  all  haste  to 
Shrewsbury,  intending  to  push  further  north  and  give  battle 
to  the  Queen,  but  finding  that  Jasper,  Earl  of  Pembroke 
(half-brother  to  Henry),  with  Owen  Tudor  his  father,  had 
followed  in  his  rear,  he  returned  sharply,  and  on  2nd 
February  cut  his  way  through  a  body  of  Lancastrians  at 
Mortimer's  Cross.  He  resumed  his  march,  but  this  time  in 
the  direction  of  London,  meeting  with  the  Earl  of  Warwick 
at  Chipping  Norton,  where  the  latter  had  rallied  his  men 
after  the  mishap  of  St.  Albans.  At  the  head  of  his  forces 
he  entered  the  city  on  28th  February.  A  young  man, 
scarce  twenty  years  of  age,  handsome  and  tall  in  appearance, 
with  affable  manners,  all  classes  of  the  citizens  rose  up  to 
meet  the  "  new  Duke  of  York."  A  gigantic  meeting  was 
held  in  a  field  beyond  Clerkenwell,  where,  by  the  imanimous 
acclamation  of  the  people,  he  was  chosen  their  future  king. 
The  air  was  rent  with   the  shouts   of  "  Lone:  live   Kin^: 


Londc  of  Englonde,  by  Gerade  de  Leew, 
Autwerp,  1493.  Camden's  Britannia, 
edited  by  Gibson,  London,  1722,  vol.  ii. 
Holingshead's  Chronicles  of  England,  in 
6  vols.,  vol.  ii.,  London,  1807.  Drake's 
Eboracum,  London,  1736.  Loidis  and 
Klmete,  by  the  liev.  Dr.  Whitaker,  Leeds, 


1816.  Extracts  from  Torre's  MS.  Notes 
from  the  Harlscan  MS.,  for  some  of  which 
I  have  to  thank  Mr.  A.  S.  Ellis ;  Extracts 
from  Dods worth's  MS.,  160,  fol.  18.  I 
have  also  embodied  a  number  of  local 
traditions,  and  notes  made  on  the  several 
occasions  I  have  visited,  the  locality. 


THE  BATTLE  OP  TOWTON.  289 

Edward !  "  "  I  was  present,"  says  William  Wyrcester, 
"heard  them,  and  returned  with  them  into  the  city/' 
Nobles,  powerful  barons,  gallant  knights  flocked  to  his 
standard,  and  he  soon  had  a  numerous  army  at  his  disposal. 

Shortly  before  this  event  Afargaret  and  her  army  had 
reached  Baniet,  from  whence  she  sent  on  to  London  for 
provisions,  which  were  refused,  the  carts  stopped  and  sent 
back  empty.  Word  also  came  to  her  that  the  Duke  of  York 
and  tiie  Earl  of  Warwick  were  rapidly  approaching.  Dis- 
appointed at  not  being  able  to  possess  London,  which  they 
found  was  in  the  keeping  of  the  Yorkists,  Margaret  and  her 
soldiers,  taking  Henry  with  them,  retreated  back  to  the 
north,  where  their  cause  was  popular,  and  where  all  their 
strength  lay.  York  was  their  destination,  and  in  and  around 
that  city  they  made  their  stand. 

On  the  5th  March  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  left  London  for 
his  own  neighbourhood  to  collect  his  retainers,  men-at-arms, 
and  other  troops,  in  order  to  lead  them  to  the  aid  of  Edward. 
On  the  7th  the  Earl  of  Warwick  and  his  soldiers  departed 
northward.  On  the  11th  the  King's  foot-men,  some  Welsh- 
men, and  the  Kentish  men  followed.  Edward  himself  set 
off  on  the  13th  with  the  rear-guard,  and  also  the  nobles  and 
magnates  of  his  party,  amongst  whom  were  John  Radcliffe, 
Lord  Fitzwalter  and  William  Neville,  Lord  Falconbridge, 
uncle  to  Richard  Neville,  Earl  of  Warwick — "  the  great  king- 
maker,'" which  accounts  for  him  supporting  the  cause  of  the 
White  Rose.  As  Edward  proceeded  numbers  gathered 
around  his  standard,  so  that  when  his  entire  array  met  at 
Pontefract  he  found  under  his  command  40,660  men. 

At  that  period  news  travelled  but  slowly,  hence  it  is  in 
no  way  surprising  to  find  the  Yorkists  had  marched  a  long 
way  northward  before  the  Lancastrian  leaders  were  made 
aware  of  their  approach.  No  sooner,  however,  was  the  fact 
known  than  orders  were  given  to  get  all  in  readiness  to 
meet  the  forces  of  Edward.  York  was  their  head-quarters, 
and  in  it  were  left  Henry,  now  feeble  and  infirm,  the  Queen 
and  the  Prince  of  Wales.  The  Lancastrian  army,  consisting 
chiefly  of  men  of  the  north,  a  few  Welsh,  and  some  Scotch, 
at  once  left  York,  marched  to  Tadcaster,  nine  miles  to  the 
south-west,  and,  passing  through  the  town,  pitched  their 
tents  on  Towton  Heath,  two  and  a  half  miles  further  south. 
Here  they  awaited  the  advent  of  their  foes.     Their  army 


290  THE   BATTLE  OP   TOWTON. 

numbered  66,000  fighting  men.  The  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land and  Sir  Andrew  Trollope  (who  two  years  before  had 
deserted  the  Yorkists)  were  in  charge  of  the  vanguard  ;  the 
Earl  of  Somerset,  the  Duke  of  Exeter,  the  Earl  of  Devon- 
shire, and  Lord  Dacre  divided  the  right  and  left  wings 
between  them.  Lord  CliflFord  was  in  charge  of  a  body  of 
picked  men  who  bore  the  name  of  "  The  Flower  of  Craven/' 
All  these  nobles  were  bitter  enemies  to  the  house  of  York  ; 
many  of  their  forefathers  had  fallen  at  the  first  battle  of 
St.  Albans. 

From  Pontefract  Edward  sent  forward  a  body  of  men  in 
charge  of  Lord  Fitzwalter  to  secure  the  ford  at  Ferrybridge. 
This  was  eflected  without  difficulty  or  opposition,  but  the 
possession  of  it  was  very  soon  disputed.  Clifibrd  had  heard 
of  the  occupation  of  Ferrybridge,  and  at  once  he  determined 
to  win  that  important  position.  He  hurried  on  with  all 
speed  at  the  head  of  his  stalwart  troops,  and  on  Friday 
27th  March,  at  break  of  day,  swooped  suddenly  down  on  the 
Yorkist  soldiers.  Fitzwalter  awoke  from  his  sleep  ;  thinking 
his  men  were  quarrelling  among  themselves,  he  jumped  out 
of  bed,  seized  a  battle-axe,  and  boldly  sallied  forth  without 
armour  or  other  defence  to  quell  the  riot.  Little  dreamt  he 
that  his  band  of  soldiers  had  been  conquered  and  killed,  and 
that  the  enemy  was  ready  to  slay  him.  When  he  discovered 
his  plight  he  struggled  bravely,  but,  overpowered  by  numbers, 
he  soon  fell,  and  with  him  the  Bastard  of  Salisbury,  brother 
to  the  Earl  of  Warwick — "  a  valiant  young  gentleman.*'  ^ 

A  chance  rider  carried  the  news  to  Edward,  who  keenly 
felt  this  early  defeat,  whilst  many  among  his  company  looked 
upon  it  as  an  evil  omen.  The  Earl  of  Warwick  was  sadly 
troubled  and,  mounting  his  horse,  sped  in  haste  to  Edward's 
presence,  to  whom  he  exclaimed,  "Sir,  I  pray  God  have 
mercy  on  their  souls,  which  in  the  beginning  of  your  enter- 
prise have  lost  their  lives,  and  because  I  see  no  succour  in 
the  world  but  in  God,  I  remit  the  vengeance  to  Him  our 
Creator  and  Redeemer."  With  these  words  he  dismounted 
and,  st>abbing  his  horse  with  his  sword,  continued,  "  Let  him 
flee  that  will,  for  surely  I  will  tarry  with  him  that  will  tarry 
with  me ; "  and  then,  holding  up  his  sword  by  the  blade^  he 

3  In  the  adjacent  fields  near  to  the  ford  bones,  ancient  armour  and  arms  ware 
at  Ferrybridge,  especially  about  Bro-  often  found  during  the  early  part  of  thia 
therton  Marsh,  human  skeletons,  loose      century. 


THE  BATTLE  OP  TOWTON.  291 

kissed  the  cross  formed  by  the  handle.  It  was  at  this 
juncture  Edward  made  a  proclamation,  that  all  who  desired 
to  turn  back  and  not  fight  were  to  do  so  forthwith,  and 
those  who  so  withdrew  would  not  be  in  any  way  molested. 
On  the  other  hand,  all  who  remained  must  continue  faithful 
throughout  the  campaign,  neither  deserting  nor  flying  the 
field  under  pain  of  death.  All  who  conducted  themselves  as 
brave  men  should  have  their  due  reward  and  double  wages. 
Such  was  the  loyalty  of  his  supporters,  that  not  a  single 
man  left  his  post,  all  preferring  death  to  dishonour. 

Edward  now  made  an  attempt  to  dislodge  CliflFord,  but 
the  latter  so  stoutly  defended  the  ford  that  it  was  useless. 
He  then  detached  a  portion  of  his  men  and  sent  them  to 
Castleford,  three  miles  higher  up  the  river.  Here  they 
crossed  with  the  intention  to  surround  Clifford,  and  either 
overcome  him  or  force  him  to  surrender.  They  had  to 
deal  with  a  wary  soldier,  who  watched  with  a  keen  eye  the 
movements  of  his  opponents,  and  before  they  had  time  to 
double  upon  Ferrybridge,  Clifford  was  falling  back  on  the 
main  body  of  the  Lancastrians.  But  an  advanced  guard  of 
Yorkists  had  pushed  on  to  Dintingdale,  a  mile  to  the  east  of 
Saxton,  and  on  Saturday,  28th  March,  Clifford  fell  in  with 
them.  A  short  and  sharp  skirmish  took  place.  CUflbrd 
saw  at  once  he  was  hemmed  in,  with  no  alternative  but 
death  or  capitulation.  Spurning  the  idea  of  surrender  he 
determined  to  sell  his  life  dearly.  He  and  his  small  body 
of  men  fought  bravely,  "even  to  the  envy  of  those  who 
overcame  them."  Clifford — "  the  butcher,"  as  he  was  nick- 
named— was  slain,  it  was  said,  by  a  wound  in  the  throat 
from  a  headless  arrow,  and  of  those  fearless  men-at-arms 
who  proudly  bore  the  name  of  "  The  Flower  of  Craven," 
only  two  or  three  reached  the  Lancastrian  camp  to  tell 
their  comrades  the  fatal  tidings.  Whilst  this  episode  was 
taking  place,  the  main  body  of  the  Yorkists  under  Lord 
Falconbridge,  Sir  Walter  Blount,  and  Sir  Robert  Home, 
had  passed  the  river  Aire  at  Castleford,  and  were  marching 
firom  thence  to  Saxton,  where  they  drew  up  and  encamped. 

The  villages  of  Towton  and  Saxton  are  about  two  miles 
apart,  and  lie  nearly  due  north  and  south.  At  the  back  of 
Saxton  is  an  elevated  ridge  of  land  affording  an  excellent 
site  for  a  camp,  for  it  rises  on  all  sides  from  country  much 
lower  in  level.      To  the  east  of  Saxton  is  the  village  of 


292  THE  BATTLE  OP  TOWTON. 

Scarthingwell,  and  between  them  is  Dintingdale.  West  of 
Sax  ton  there  is  the  Cock- beck  valley,  in  which  is  situated 
Lead  Hall  (with  its  unique  little  church  dedicated  to  St. 
Mary  of  Lead),  and  also  the  Crooked  Billet  Inn,  which  a 
local  tradition  says  was  the  head-quartera  of  some  of  the 
Yorkist  leaders,  and  as  the  "  crooked  billet "  is  a  local 
pseudonym  for  a  crooked  or  bent  stick,  it  is  most  probable 
that  here  were  the  quarters  of  William  Neville,  Lord  Falcon- 
bridge,  whose  shield  of  arras  was — "gules,  a  scUtire  argent, 
a  mullet  sable  for  difference/' 

The  little  river  Cock  flows  along  the  western  side  of  the 
battlefield,  with  a  somewhat  tortuous  course,  skirting  the 
edge  of  the  Castle  Hill  and  Wood  (formerly  called  the 
Mayden  Castell),  passing  through  the  Hazlewood  Ings,  and 
running  at  the  foot  of  Renshaw  Wood  to  the  back  of  Towton, 
where  it  bends  just  before  it  passes  the  site  of  the  old 
London  road,  at  which  place  it  was  formerly  crossed  by  a 
bridge.  Two  miles  further  on  it  empties  itself  into  the 
Wharfe,  after  flowing  for  some  distance  through  low  and 
marshy  land.  It  is  nowhere  much  wider  than  ten  feet,  but 
its  bed  is  very  muddy  and  its  banks,  though  low,  dip 
sharply.  The  descent  to  the  river  from  Towton  is  very 
steep,  but  when  it  is  crossed  the  country  between  it  and 
Tadcaster  is  flat. 

The  east  side  of  the  battlefield  is  bounded  by  the  road 
between  York  and  London,  but  just  after  leaving  Towton 
the  old  London  road,  now  disused,  turns  suddenly  oflF  to  the 
left.  The  road  between  Saxton  and  Towton  passes  directly 
over  the  site,  and  is  known  as  Towton  Lane. 

The  land  about  Towton  is  also  well  elevated,  and  for  the 
most  part  continues  so  for  nearly  a  mile  in  the  direction  of 
Saxton.  Here  there  is  a  depression  running  across  the 
field  from  east  to  west,  and  terminating  in  the  Hazlewood 
Ings.  This  is  Towton  Dale,  where  the  fighting  commenced  ; 
it  also  bears  the  name  of  the  Bloody  Vale.  Some  fields 
close  by  are  called  the  Bloody  Meadows.  Near  this  is  a 
pasture  extending  from  Towton  Lane  to  the  Castle  Hill 
Wood,  which,  at  the  present  time,  is  known  as  '*  The  Field 
of  the  White  and  the  Red  Rose."  These  are  the  places 
where,  according  to  tradition,  the  greatest  slaughter  took 
place,  and  the  soil  is  remarkable  for  producing  rich  rank 
grass.     Past  the  hollow,  and  before  reaching  Saxton,  the 


THE  BATTLE  OF  TOWTON. 


293 


land  is  again  elevated  for  some  distance,  then  there  is  a 
gentle  decline  back  to  Saxton  village.  At  the  period  when 
the  battle  took  place  the  whole  of  the  ground  would  be 


o  M  £:  I  -y   ^'  s—-^ 


JfeARKSTOM 


unenclosed,  chiefly  moorland.  No  entrenchments  are  known. 
On  the  ridge  of  high  ground  in  front,  and  just  behind 
Towton,  was  placed  the  main  body  of  the  Lancastrians,  the 
left  wing  extending  towards  and  beyond  the  London  road^ 
the  ri^t  reagbing  to  thQ  RQnshaw  Wood  with  a  strong  out- 


294.  THE  BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 

post  in  possession  of  the  Mayden  Castle — altogether  an 
excellent  position  for  a  fight,  but  as  events  fell  out  a  very 
bad  place  for  a  retreat. 

In  and  about  Saxton  was  the  main  body  of  the  Yorkists, 
their  right  wing  towards  Scarthingwell,  their  left  about 
Lead  Hall,  their  rear-guard  behind  Saxton.  Falconbridge 
commanded  the  advanced  guard,  Sir  John  Wenlock  and  Sir 
John  Denham  the  rear.  Edward  himself  was  present,  his 
standard — the  Black  Bull — being  carried  by  Ralph  Ves- 
tynden.  He  probably  directed  one  of  the  wings,  leaving  the 
Earl  of  Warwick  in  charge  of  the  other.  Some  writera  say 
that  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  was  sick  and  could  not  come,  but 
one  historian  records  that  he  arrived  at  noon  on  the  29th, 
bringing  fresh  supplies  of  men. 

The  two  armies  were  drawn  up  opposite  to  each  other  in 
a  line  a  mile  long.     An  order,  terrible  to  contemplate,  pre- 
luded the  battle.     By  mutual  agreement  no  quarter  was  to 
be  given  by  either  side,. and  no  prisoners  were  to  be  taken. 
Such  was  the  position  of  affairs  when  the  shades  of  night 
closed  that  solemn  Saturday,  and,  for  a  few  short  hours, 
both  camps  were  wrapt  in  the  stillness  of  slumber.     The 
morning  light  of  that  awful  Palm  Sunday  was  dulled  by  a 
driving  snow-storm  from  the  south  or  south-east, — ^in  piteous 
terms  one  writer  relates,  "  <ind  all  the  while  it  snew."     It 
seemed  as  if  the  wrath  of  heaven  was  directed  against  the 
forces  of  the  Red  Rose.     The  two  armies  sighted  each  other 
early  in  the  morning,  when,  by  way  of  derisive  greeting, 
they  "rent   the  air  with   a  mighty  shout" — a  signal  of 
defiance  to  mortal  combat.     Falconbridge  pushed  forward 
his  archers,  and  bade  them  commence  the  battle.     Plight 
after  flight  of  arrows  fell  into  the  ranks  of  the  Lancastrians, 
who,  in  reply,  failed  to  reach  the  Yorkists.     "  The  driving 
wind  and  blinding  snow  was  worse  to  them  than  even  their 
enemies/'     The  arrows  they  discharged  dropped  full  sixty 
yards  short  of  their  intended  goal,  until  at  last  their  quivers 
were  exhausted.     Then  the  Yorkist  bowmen  pressed  on, 
and,  picking  up  the  defaulting  shafts,  discharged  them  back 
into  the  bosoms  of  their  first  owners  with  deadly  effect. 
The  main  bodies  then  closed  on  each  other,  and  the  battle 
became  general,  and  ere  long  a  hand-to-hand  contest  began,  in 
which  kith  fought  against  kin,  father  against    son,  brother 
against  brother,  yea,  with  such  fierce  vigour  was  the  strugg^ 


THE   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON.  295 

waged,  ''men  fought  as  if  this  battle  was  the  gate  of 
Paradise/'  For  hours  the  issue  remained  doubtful ;  now 
York  prevailed,  now  Lancaster;  and  this  continued  with 
varying  success  until  the  evening  shadows  fell,  when  the 
Lancastrians,  in  consequence  of  their  large  numbers,  be- 
coming unwieldy  in  their  movements,  got  thrown  into 
confusion.  Their  commanders  used  every  effort  to  rally 
them,  and  many  desperate  stands  were  made  to  cover  their 
retreat  to  the  little  bridge  over  the  Cock.  Here,  on  the 
steep  descent,  a  terrible  disaster  befell  the  Lancastrians. 
Their  left  wing,  coming  through  Towton,  collided  with  the 
right  wing  hastening  across  the  land  behind  the  village  ;  both 
being  hard  pressed  by  the  main  body  pouring  down  the 
hill,  order  was  at  an  end,  their  leaders  lost  control,  and 
what  might  have  been  a  steady  retreat  was  turned  into  a 
complete  rout.  All  made  for  the  bridge,  which  was  hope- 
lessly inadequate  for  the  occasion  ;  hundreds  upon  hundreds 
leaped  into  the  little  rivulet.  Weighted  with  armour,  unable 
to  scale  the  opposite  bank  for  depth  of  mud  and  want  of 
time,  they  were  soon  pressed  down,  first  by  their  own  com- 
rades, and  afterwards  by  the  Yorkist  forces  in  pursuit.  To 
add  to  the  difficulty,  the  little  river  was  swollen  with  rains. 

Thousands  upon  thousands  crossed  by  the  "Bridge  of 
Bodies,''  as  this  has  been  often  called.  All  that  night  and 
all  the  next  day  the .  chase  of  the  Lancastrians  was 
hotly  continued, — who  "  toiled  for  ten  miles  towards  York 
with  endless  slaughter.''  They  naturally  made  for  that  city 
because  it  was  in  their  hands.  Many  took  refuge  in  the 
Benshaw  Wood. 

Twenty-eight  thousand  dead  "  numbered  by  heralds  "  were 
counted  on  the  battle-field  itself :  besides  which  it  is  computed 
that  in  addition  to  those  suffocated  in  the  water,  and  those 
killed  by  the  roadside,  or  falling  from  exhaustion,  make  a 
total  of  38,000  English  slain — "  a  sacrifice  for  their  fathers* 
transgressions.*'^  Only  one  prisoner  was  taken — the  Earl  of 
Devonshire, — and  this  happened  "  when  they  were  weary  of 
killing."  ^ 

The  battle  lasted  ten  hours,  from  nine  in  the  morning  to 

*  88»000    (Croyland    Cont.),    33,000  *•  Many  prisoners  were  no  doubt  taken 

(Chitm.  White  Rose),  80,000    (Polydore  afUr  the  actual  fighting  teas  over  from 

YtrffX,  Peter  College  Chronique),  36,776  among  the  fugitive  und  wouQded  Laii- 

Had  8(^091  (HtMTlt  MS.).  costrians. 


296  THE   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON. 

seven  at  night.*  Edward  was  present  the  whole  time  :  bj  his 
cliivalric  behaviour  he  so  inspired  his  men  with  courage 
that  none  thought  of  flight  or  surrender,  but  only  of  death 
or  victory. 

Though  named  after  Towton,  the  battle  took  place  in 
Saxton  parish,  a  tradition  lingering — "  whilst  the  people  were 
at  church."  The  fearful  wounds,  received  by  those  who  fell 
on  the  field,  stained  the  snow  with  human  gore,  which  by- 
and-bye  melting,  ran  through  the  ditches  into  the  little 
rivulet,  colouring  it  with  blood,  and  it  is  asserted  that  for 
three  miles  below  its  junction  with  the  Wharfe,  that  river 
was  stained  likewise. 

The  Dukes  of  Somerset  and  Exeter,  when  they  saw  how 
desperate  affairs  had  become,  rode  with  all  haste  to  York  to 
inform  Henry  of  the  disastrous  defeat.  Henry,  Margaret, 
the  Prince  their  son,  Somerset,  Exeter,  and  other  nobles,  fled 
northward  to  Newcastle,  and  after  travelling  for  two  days 
reached  Scotland,  where  Henry  bartered  away  Berwick-on- 
Tweed  as  a  payment  for  his  maintenance  and  safe  keeping. 

Edward  with  his  chief  captains  entered  York  on  the 
Monday  hoping  to  surprise  and  take  prisoner  his  opponent, 
but  found  he  was  too  late.  He  however  was  received  by  the 
Lord  Mayor  and  Corporation  "with  great  solemnity  and 
processions.^'  The  city  at  once  transferred  its  allegiance  to 
the  White  Rose.  Edward's  first  act  was  to  order  the  heads 
of  his  fiUher,  the  Earl  of  Salisbury,  and  others,  to  be  taken 
down  from  the  city  gates,  and  to  be  buried  with  their 
respective  bodies.  As  if  by  a  Nemesis,  the  heads  of  the  Earl 
of  Devon,  Lord  Kyrae,  Sir  William  Hill  and  Sir  Thomas 
Fulford,  who  by  his  mandate  had  just  been  executed,  were 
ordered  to  be  put  in  the  same  places. 

Edward  stayed  for  a  short  time  in  the  north  until  quiet 
was  restored,  when  he  returned  to  London,  Sth  June, 
reaching  it  on  the  26th,  and  was  crowned  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  by  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  on  Sunday  28th — 
"King  of  England,  amid  a  blaze  of  triumph  and  glory." 

The  Earl  of  Northumberland,  wounded  and  exhausted, 
reached  York,  and  died  just  after  his  arrival.     On  the  field  * 

*  According  to  the  Chronicle  of  the  b  from  the  Harl.  MS.,  795,  Pluto,  lxx.-i., 

White  Rose  the  battle  began  at  4  a.m.  p.  72  (D.  174  a);  c  from  Drake's  Ebo- 

^  The  lists  of  the  names  varies  :  those  racum  (which  gives  most  of  the  Harl.  MS. 

putrked  a  are  from  the  Fastoa  l^etters ;  oivmes  also) ;   d  from  Stow'9  Chronicle ; 


THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 


297 


fell  John,  Lord  (a)  Neville  ^  (the  brother  of  Ralph,  Ear 
of  Westmoreland) ;  Lionel,  (a)  Lord  Welles ;  Ralph,  (a) 
Lord  Dacre ;  Anthony  (a)  Rivers,  Lord  Scales ;  Lord  Henry 
(a)  de  Bokingham  ;  Lord  (a)  Willoughby  ;  Lord  (a)  Malley  ; 
Lord  (c)  Grey ;  Lord  (c)  Fitzhurgh  ;  Lord  (c)  MoUineaux  ; 
Lord  (d)  Beaumont ;  Ralph  (a)  Bigot ;  Sir  Ralph  (a)  Gray ; 
Sir  Richard  (a)  Jeney :  Sir  Henry  (a)  Beckingham  ;  Sir 
Andrew  (a)  Trollope  ;  Sir  John  (a)  StaflFord  ;  Sir  (a)  Robert 
Home,  of  Kent ;  Sir  {b)  David  Trollope  ;  Sir  John  (6)  Burton, 
governor  of  York ;  Sir  Richard  (6)  Percy  ;  Sir  John  (6) 
Heron ;  Sir  Jervase  (b)  Clifton ;  Sir  Edmund  (6)  Hamys  ; 
Sir  Thomas  (6)  Crakenthorpe  ;  Sir  Walter  (6)  Havill ;  Sir 
John  (6)  Ormonde ;  Sir  Roger  (6)  Molyne ;  Sir  Henry  (6) 
Norbohew  ;  Sir  Ralph  (e)  Eure,  and  many  others  ;  truly  "  the 
flower  of  English  chivalry  fell  at  Towton."  Lord  Scroope  (a) 
was  badly  wounded.^ 

Lord  Dacre  came  to  his  end  in  a  very  singular  manner. 
Heated  by  the  excitement  of  fighting,  he  felt  faint  with  his 
efforts,  so  unclasping  his  helmet,  he  knelt  down  to  drink  a 
cup  of  wine.  A  boy,  "  hidden  in  a  hur-tree ''  (elder-berry),^ 
recognised  him,  and  saying.  "  Thou  killed  my  father  and  I 
will  kill  thee  *' — slew  him  with  an  arrow  before  he  had  time 
to  collect  himself.  To  this  very  day  the  spot  where  the  bush 
was  is  still  pointed  out  (see  B.  on  plan)  in  the  North  Acres, 
the  field  where  the  occurrence  took  place.  Hence  the  couplet, 
still  repeated  both  in  the  villages  of  Saxton  and  Tow  ton  :— 


"  The  Lord  Dacres 
Was  slain  iu  the  North  Acres. 


ti 


His  body  lies  buried  in  the  churchyard  at  Saxton  under  a 
"  meane  tombe  "  ®  on  the  north  side  of  the  church.  John,  Lord 


«  from  Glovers  ViBJtation.  I  had  written 
this  paper  on  the  Battle  of  Towton,  and 
the  MS.  was  in  Mr.  G.  W.  Tomlinsona 
poneasion  for  some  months  before  I  was 
aware  that  Mr.  Clements  Markham  was 
engaged  on  the  same  subject.  He  has 
done  Taluable  work  in  finding  out  the 
true  end  of  some  of  those  who  took  part 
io  this  great  fight,  and  the  reader  should 
compare  the  names  of  the  slain  with  his 
"Biographical  Index T  on  pp.  28-34  of 
this  Tolume. 

*  John,  Lord  Neyille,  according  to  one 
aothoritj,  was  slain  at  Dintingdalo. 

**  These  names  are  given  in  the  Harl. 

TOU  X. 


MS.:— Earls  Northumber,  Salop,  and 
J  ^evon ;  Lords  Clifford,  Heaumond,  Nevill, 
Willoughby,  Welles,  Roos,  Scales,  Gray, 
i:)acres,  FitzHugh,Mollen8,  Beckingham, 
the  two  bastards  of  Exeter's,  Percy, 
Hum  (?),  Clifton,  Hamys,  two  Crack- 
thorp,  two  Trollops,  Harrill,  Ormond, 
MuUin,  Pigot,  Norboheu,  and  Burton. 

7  "And  (1617)  decayed  within  these 
two  years."— Harl.  MS.,  as  above,  p.  62, 

M.  18a. 

^  Knowing  my  friend  Mr.  T.  M.  Fallow 
had  prepared  an  article  on  the  inscription 
around  Lord  Dacre's  monument,  I  have 
purposely  omitted  any  notice  of  it  here. 


29S  THE   BATTLE  OF   TOWTON. 

Neville,  is  also  buried  there,  but  there  is  no  memorial  to  him. 
Sir  Roger  Clifford's  body  is  said  (according  to  their  family 
tradition)  to  have  been  tumbled  into  a  pit  along  with  many 
of  those  who  fell  at  Dintingdale.  Lord  Welles  was  buried  in 
Methley  Church,  where  there  is  a  monument  to  his  memory. 
Tradition  says  his  body  was  conveyed  thither  by  night,  in  a 
sack.  The  Earl  of  Northumberland,  "  him  that  was  slain  at 
Towton," — was  laid  in  the  Church  of  S.  Dyonis  (or  Dennis), 
in  Walmgate,  York,  in  the  north  choir  under  a  large  blue 
marble,  which  had  two  eflSgies  on  it,  and  an  inscription  in 
brass  around  it;  unfortunately  in  1736,  it  was  obliterated. 
This  was  the  parish  church  of  the  family,  for  opposite 
to  it  once  stood  the  ancient  palace  of  the  earls  of  North- 
umberland. 

And  what  of  the  great'  unlettered  dead  whose  ghastly 
corpses  strewed  that  fatal  field  ?  It  is  recorded  that  many 
were  laid  in  "certaine  deepe  trenches  overgrowen  with 
brushes  and  briers  containinge  19  yards  in  breadth  and  32 
yards  in  length  in  Towton-field,  a  bowshot  on  the  left  hand 
in  the  way  betwixt  Saxton  and  Towton,  halfe  a  mile  short  of 
Tow  ton."  ^  The  site  of  this  is  still  called  "  the  Graves  "  and 
is  situated  in  the  second  field  from  the  road  between  Towton 
and  Saxton  opposite  Towton  Dale  quarr}'.  The  levelling 
influence  of  the  plough  has  destroyed  every  trace  of  this 
raised  enclosure.  Others  were  buried  in  pits  in  the  "  Bloody 
Vale,"  which  tradition  localises  as  the  scene  of  the  greatest 
carnage,  and  especially  in  the  "  Field  of  the  White  and  Red 
llose,"  where  fifty  years  ago  many  tumuli  could  be  traced,  of 
which  now  no  vestiges  are  left.  Leland  mentions  "  5  pittes 
yet  appearing  half  a  mile  by  north  in  Saxton  fields," — three 
tumuli  still  remain  to  be  seen  in  the  Ings,  near  the  May  den 
Castell  (see  C.  D.  E.  on  plan).  One  of  these  shows  marked 
evidence  of  having  been  explored.  A  rough  unhewn  stone 
near  the  Hazlewood  Ings  local  tradition  maintains  marks  the 
site  of  a  grave.  Leland  records  that  a  Mr.  Hungate  collected 
a  great  number  of  bones,  and  caused  them  to  be  buried  in 
Saxton  Churchyard.  A  raised  mound  two  yards  wide,  and 
extending  from  the  vestry  to  the  tower  still  exists  on  the 
north  side,  close  by  Lord  Dacre's  tomb  (see  F.  on  plan).  In 
digging  graves  near  it  from  time  to  time  large  quantities  of 
bones  of  a  strong  type  have  been  come  across. 

>  Hari.  MS ,  as  aboTc,  M.  101b. 


THE   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON. 


299 


Many  years  ago  Lord  Dacre's  tomb-stone  was  violently 
wrenched  aside  to  inter  beneath  it  a  Mr.  Gascoigne,  when 
Lord  Dacre's  skeleton  was  found  in  a  standing  position.^®  A 
tradition,  that  his  horse  was  buried  with  him,  was  verified  in 
1861,  when  in  digging  a  grave  on  the  south  side  of  Lord 
Dacre's,  about  six  feet  below  the  surface  the  skull  of  a  horse 
was  found,  so  placed  as  to  show  that  the  veterbrae  of  the  neck 
extended  into  Lord  Dacre's  tomb.  The  Rev.  S.  G.  M.  Webb, 
the  present  vicar  of  Saxton,  has  in  his  possession  the  right 
jaw-bone  of  this  skull.  It  has  three  molar  teeth  fixed,  besides 
which  there  are  five  loose  incisors,  and  a  portion  of  the  nasal 
bone  ;  another  part  of  the  skull  is  said  to  have  been  presented 
to  some  museum. 

Mr.  Francis  Drake  ^^  and  two  gentlemen  went  to  see  one 
of  the  pits  or  tumuli  opened  about  1730.  Vast  quantities  of 
bones  were  bared,  some  arrow  heads,  and  pieces  of  broken 
swords  ;  they  also  found  five  fresh-looking  groat  pieces  of 
Henry  IV.  Henry  V.  and  Henry  VI.  all  the  coins  being  laid 
close  to  a  thigh-bone.  In  1835  a  pit  was  dug  near  Dinting- 
dale,  close  to  the  road,  and  in  it  were  found  bones  supposed 
to  be  the  remains  of  Lord  Clifford. 

Beyond  bones  but  few  discoveries  have  been  made.  This. 
may  be  accounted  for  by  the  coldness  of  the  weather  when 
the  battle  was  fought,  which  would  allow  the  searchers  to 
proceed  at  their  leisure,  and  carefully  remove  every  article 
of  value.  A  silver  ring  with  two  hands  conjoined  was  found 
at  Towton,  and,  in  1786,  a  gold  ring  with  seal,  weighing  over 
an  ounce,  was  dug  up.  It  had  no  stone,  but  on  the  gold  was 
cut  a  lion  passant  and  this  inscription  "  nowe.  ys.  thus.''  It 
is  supposed  to  have  belonged  to  the  Earl  of  Northumberland. 

A  "  great  chapel,''  founded  by  Richard  HI,  of  which  the 
first  stone  was  laid  by  Sir  John  Multon's  father.  It  was  built 
at  Towton  "  in  token  of  praier,"  and  for  the  souls  of  "  the  men 
slayn  at  Palmesunday  Field."  ^^   Here  also  many  burials  took 


^  This  mode  of  burial  is  alluded  to  in 
Wordsworth's  "^  White  Doe  of  Rylstone," 
in  Ctnto  I.  :— 

Pus,  pus  who  will  yon  chantry  door, 
And  tnrough  the  chmk  in  the  fractured 

floor 
Look  down  and  see  a  grisly  sight — 
A  fault  where  the  bodies  are  buried 

nprightl 
There  face  by  face,  and  hand  by  hand, 
11m  daphams  and  Mauleverers  stand. 


11  Eboracum,  p.  111.  This  book  was 
written  several  years  before  it  was 
printed. 

1^  The  following  extracts  are  of  great 
interest  as  regards  Towton  Chapel : — 

**  Toughton,  22  Dec**'  a.d.  1502. 

"  \Yhereas  the  Chappell  of  Toughton 
(in  y*^  pysh  of  Saxton  before  founded  and 
newly  sumptuosly  built  of  stone-work). 
In  w^'i*  Chappell  and  ground  about  it  very 
many  bodies  of  men  slain  in  ye  time  ol 


300 


THE   BATTLE   OP   TOWTON. 


place.  Richard  intended  to  have  endowed  a  chantry ;  but 
died  before  the  chapel  was  complete,  which  event  caused  the 
building  to  remain  unfinished.  Its  site  is  preserved  in  the 
Chapel  Garth,  on  the  rising  ground  in  the  field  behind 
Tow  ton  Hall.  No  superstructure  exists,  but  in  enlarging  the 
cellarage  at  the  Hall,  about  a  hundred  years  ago,  foundations 
were  discovered  with  some  carved  stones,  tiles,  and  human 

bones. 

Saxton  Church  is  dedicated  to  All  Hallows,  and  was 
formerly  a  parochial  chapelry  in  Sherburn  parish.  On  one 
of  the  bells  in  the  tower  is  this  legend  : — 

Willelmus  Sallay  ai*miger  de  Saxton  me  fecit  fieri 
Sancta  Margarita  ora  pro  nobis.^^ 

The  donor  of  this  bell  died  in  1492.  He  was  lord  of  the 
manor  of  Saxton  when  this  battle  occurred.  Bred  under  the 
Lacies  and  adherents  of  the  lied  Rose  he  warmly  supported 
and  fought  for  the  cause.  Even  after  defeat  his  heart  was 
stedfast,  which  is  shown  in  the  touching  prayer,  that 
Margaret, — his  once  fair  Queen  of  England,  now  alas  dead — 
would  pray  for  them  in  the  time  of  their  tribulation. 
*  A  Bill  of  Attainder  ^*  followed  Edward's  victory  at  Towton. 
Twelve  nobles,  along  with  knights  and  squires  to  the  number 
of  one  hundred  and  fifty-three,  were  stripped  of  their  estates, 
rendered  homeless,  thrown  from  aflluence  to  poverty,  whilst 
all  that  they  had  went  to  replenish  the  royal  purse,  or  was 
given  to  some  zealous  adherent  of  the  house  of  York.^^  That 
ancient  seat  of  the  Percys — Spofforth  Castle,  was  dismantled 


war  lye  buried.  Now  forasmuch  as  the 
sd  chappell  is  not  so  sufficiently  endowed 
w^^  poBsessions  and  rents  as  to  sustain  it 
and  have  divine  service  celebrated  there- 
in w^^'out  the  charitable  alms  of  Xtian 
people  elsewhere.  Whereupon  Thomas 
[Savage]  Abp.  of  York  [1501-7]  hereby 
granted  his  licence  &  authority  to  dns 
Kobt.  Burdet  capln  to  celebrate  divine 
service  in  ye  sd  chappell.  And  to  the 
Inhabitants  of  ye  Town  of  Toughton  to 
found  a  Gilde  or  Fraternity  in  ye  same 
Chappell  to  the  honour  of  S*  Mary  y* 
Virgin,  S'.  Anne,  and  S*.  Thomas  y« 
Martyr." — Torre's  MS.  Peculiars,  p.  554. 

"Dec.  22'"*  1 502.  Indulgentia 40  dierum 
pro  capello  de  Toughton  noviter  edifi- 
catur." — Fabric  Rolls  of  York  Minster, 
Surtees.  Soc,  vol.  xxxv.,  p.  2i\i. 


*'July  22'"',  1546.  Indulgentia  40 
dierum  duabis  annis  ad  spaciosam  capel- 
1am  in  villa  de  Toughton  par  Saxtou  do 
novo  a  fundamentis  sumptuose  et  nobi- 
liter  erectain  super  quodam  solo  sen  f  undo 
ubi  corpora  procerum  et  magnatum  aa 
aliorum  hominum  multitudine  oopiosa 
in  quodam  bello  in  campis  circumjaco 
entibus  mito  interfectorum  sepeliuntur.'* 
—Ibid.  p.  241. 

^2  History  of  Sherburn  and  Cawood,  by 
W.  Wheater,  p.  70. 

^*  Rotuli  rarliamentarii,  vol.  v.,  p. 
477. 

*^  Ralph  Vestynden  got  an  annual 
pension  of  £10  for  his  service  as  banner- 
bearer  at  Towton,,  Rotuli  Pari.,  voL  vL, 
p.  93, 


THE  BATTLE   OP  TOWTON.  301 

and  reduced  from  a  princely  palace  to  a  heap  of  ruins,  while 
their  lands  were  given  to  the  Marquis  Montague,  a  brother 
of  the  Earl  of  Warwick.     Sic  transit  gloria  mundi. 

I  cannot  conclude  this  story  of  Towton  Field  without  an 
allusion  to  the  little  dwarf  bushes  peculiar  to  the  "  Field  of 
the  White  Rose  and  the  Red/'  They  are  said  to  have  been 
plentiful  at  the  commencement  of  this  century,  but  visitors 
have  taken  them  away  in  such  numbers,  that  they  have 
become  rare.  Such  Vandalism  is  simply  shameful,  for  the 
plants  are  said  to  be  unique  and  unable  to  exist  in  any  other 
soil.^^  The  little  roses  are  white  with  a  red  spot  in  the 
centre  of  each  of  their  petals,  and,  as  they  grow  old,  the 
under  surface  becomes  a  dull  red  colour. 

There  is  a  patch  of  wild  white  roses  that  bloom  on  a  battle-field, 
Where  the  rival  rose  of  Lancaster  blushed  redder  still  to  yield. 
Four  hundred  years  have  o'er  them  shed  their  sunshine  and  their  snow, 
But,  in  spite  of  plough  and  harrow,  every  summer  there  they  blow  ; 
Though  rudely  up  to  root  them  with  hand  profane  you  toil, 
The  faithful  flowers  still  cluster  aroimd  the  sacred  soil ; 
Though  tenderly  transplanted  to  the  nearest  garden  gay. 
Nor  cost,  nor  care,  can  tempt  them  there  to  live  a  single  day ! 

I  ponder  o'er  their  blossoms,  and  anon  my  busy  brain, 

With  bannered  hosts  and  steel-clad  knights  re-peopled  all  the  plain — 

I  seemed  to  hear  the  lusty  cheer  of  the  bowmen  bold  of  York, 

As  they  marked  how  well  their  cloth-yard  shafts  had  done  their  bloody 

work ; 
And  steeds  with  empty  saddles  came  rushing  wildly  by, 
And  wounded  warriors  staggered  past,  or  only  turned  to  die  ; 
And  the  little  sparkling  river  was  cumbered  as  of  yore 
With  ghastly  corse  of  man  and  horse,  and  ran  down  red  with  gore. 

I  started  as  I  pondered,  for  loudly  on  my  ear 

Rose  indeed  a  shout  like  thunder,  a  true  good  English  cheer ; 

And  the  sound  of  drum  and  trumpet  came  rolling  up  the  vale. 

And  blazoned  banners  proudly  flung  their  glories  to  the  gale  ; 

But  not,  oh  !  not  to  battle  did  those  banners  beckon  now — 

A  baron  stood  beneath  them,  but  not  with  helmM  brow, 

And  Yorkshire  yeomen  round  him  thronged,  but  not  with  bow  and  lance. 

And  the  trumpet  only  bade  them  to  the  banquet  and  the  dance. 

Again  my  brain  was  busy  :  from  out  those  flow'rets  fair 
A  breath  arose  like  incense — a  voice  of  praise  and  prayer ! 

i<  The  plant  is  the  Rota  spinossissiina,  but  its  favourite  habitat  in  the  inland 

or  bamt  rose,  which  only  attains  to  a  places  of  Yorkshire  is  the    magnesian 

foot  in  height.      It  certainly  grows  in  limestone. — (Wheater, in  W.Smith's  Old 

many  other  places  besides  Towton  Field,  Yorkshire,  vol  5,  p.  42.) 


302  THE   BATTLE   OP  TOWTON. 

A  silver  voice  that  said,  '^  Rejoice !  and  bless  the  God  above 
Who  hath  given  thee  those  days  to  see,  of  peace,  and  joy,  and  love. 
Oh,  never  more  by  English  hands  may  English  blood  be  shed, 
Oh  !  never  more  be  strife  between  the  roses  white  and  red. 
The  blessed  words  the  shepherds  heard  may  we  remember  still. 
Throughout  the  world  be  peace  on  earth,  and  towards  man  good  will 

Tits  Flowers  of  Towton  Field :  a  Ballad  of  Battle  Acre.^^ 

J.  R  Planche. 


18 


"  Now,  by  my  father's  badge,  old  NeviFs  crest, 
The  rampant  bear  chained  to  the  ragged  stafif,^ 
This  day  111  wear  aloft  my  burgonet." 

Henry  T/.,  Ft.  2,  Act  V.,  Scene  2, 

^7  Songs  and  Poems  from  1819-79.  ra^^ged  staff."    A  veiy  ancient  badge  of 

18  « Crooked  Billet "  may  be  derived      the  house  of  Neville, 
from  the  crest  of  a  '*bear  chained  to  a 


THE  DACRE  TOMB  IN   SAXTON  CHURCHYARD. 

By  T.  M.  FALLOW.   M.A. 

A  TOMB  of  medieval  date  still  in  its  original  position  in  a 
churchyard,  is  suflSciently  uncommon  to  attract  attention  : 
but  when,  in  addition,  it  is  the  tomb  of  a  leader  killed  in  an 
important  battle  fought  in  the  neighbourhood,  its  interest 
is  at  once  largely  increased.  It  is  therefore  all  the  more 
remarkable,  that  the  tomb  in  Saxton  Churchyard,  covering 
the  remains  of  Lord  Dacre  who  fell  at  Towton,  has  not 
arrested  more  general  attention  than  it  has  ;  for  not  merely 
is  it  the  tomb  of  a  leader  slain  on  that  day,  but  it  is 
now  the  sole  memorial  remaining  of  the  battle,  and  it  is 
therefore  of  the  very  highest  interest,  partaking  almost  of 
the  nature  of  a  national  memorial. 

It  is  not  that  it  has  altogether  escaped  notice,  for  it  is 
frequently  mentioned :  Leland,  Hopkinson,  Drake,  and 
Whitaker  have  all  noted  it,  but  from  none  has  it  received 
that  full  and  careful  examination  which  might  have  been 
expected.  The  various  readings  of  the  legend  on  it  all 
differ  one  from  the  other,  and  are  all  more  or  less  faulty, 
while  no  real  effort  seems  to  have  been  made  to  decipher 
the  armorial  bearings  which  are  still  fairly  clear  on  three  of 
the  four  sides  of  the  tomb.  I  was  first  led  to  make  a 
careful  and  close  examination  of  the  tomb  in  the  autumn 
of  1882,  and  I  paid  several  visits  to  Saxton  for  that  purpose. 
I  took  many  rubbings  of  the  inscription  and  of  the  shields, 
besides  very  carefully  examining  the  tomb  in  every  par- 
ticular. Soon  after,  in  the  succeeding  spring,  I  learnt  from 
the  vicar  of  Saxton  (the  Rev.  S.  G.  M.  Webb,  M.A.,  who 
naturally  takes  very  great  interest  in  the  tomb),  that  some 
of  the  neighbouring  gentry  had  undertaken  to  put  it  in 
good  repair,  and  protect  it  from  further  injury  by  placing 
an  iron  rail  round  it.  This  very  desirable  work  necessitated 
the  re-erection  of  the  stones  forming  the  tomb  on  a  firm  bed 
of  concrete,  as  it  was  fast  falling  apart,  and  on  one  side  was 


304 


THE  DACRE  TOMB  IN  SAXTON  CHUBCHTAHD. 


more  than  half  embedded  in  the  ground.  The  removal  and 
re-erection  of  the  tomb  afforded  a  very  favourable  opportunity 
foragain  closely  examining  it  all  over;  and  the  result  has  been, 
that  it  has  proved  possible  to  recover  the  whole  of  the  original 
inscription,  almost  letter  for  letter,  and  also  to  decipher  and 
identify  the  armorial  bearings,  which  had  hitherto  been 
passed  by,  as  too  much  obliterated  to  be  intelligible.  These 
shields  or  banners,  together  with  the  inscription,  have  been 
copied  on  the  curb-stone  bearing  the  iron  rail  which  now 
sun'ounds  the  tomb,  in  order  to  perpetuate  them  when  the 
originals  have  become  eventually  obliterated  and  lost. 


v~ 

Fl 

■+'r 

- 

■^ 

Xi  \ 

The  tomb  is  a  plain  altar  tomb  of  Craven  limestone,  and 
it  migiit  easily  he  taken  by  a  casual  observer  for  an  ordinary 
tomb  of  last  century.  On  each  side  is  a  square  shield  or 
banner,  16  inches  each  way,  charged  with  armorial  bearings. 

Those  at  the  East  and  West  are  the  same,  viz..  Quarterly, 
1  and  4,  Chequy,  or  and  gules,  Vaux ;  2  and  3,  Gules,  three 
escallops  or,  Dacre. 

That  on  ttie  North  aide,  Quarterly,  1  and  4,  Chequy,  or 
and  gules,  Vaux ;  2  and  3,  Quarterly,  1  and  4,  Gules,  three 
escallops  or,  Dacre ;  2  and  3,  Barry  of  eight,  argent  and 
Gules,  MuHon ;  impaling,  Quarterly,  1  and  4,  Azure,  fretty 


THE   DACRE   TOMB   IN   SAXTON   CHURCHYARD.  305 

or,  a  chief  of  the  second,  Fitzhugh ;  2  and  3,  Vair,  argent 
and  azure,  a  fess  gules,  Mai^myon. 

That  on  the  South  side,  Quarterly,  1  and  4,  Cheouy  or 
and  gules,  Vaux ;  2  and  3,  Gules,  three  escallops  or,  Dacvc 
impalement,  the  same  as  on  the  shield  on  the  North  side. 

For  this  identification  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  D.  A.  Walter, 
architect,  of  Hull,  who  has  kindly  taken  much  trouble  in  the 
matter ;  the  tinctures  are  of  course  not  seen  on  the  shields. 
If  the  tomb  ever  bore  colouring,  the  corroding  effect  of  the 
weather  has  long  ago  destroyed  too  much  of  the  outer 
surface  of  the  stone  to  leave  any  trace  of  colour  behind. 
The  carving  is,  however,  sufficiently  sharp  to  give  very  fairly 
clear  rubbings  from  three  sides,  while  enough  remains  on 
the  west  side  to  show  that  the  shield  there  bore  the  same 
charges  as  that  on  the  east 

With  regard  to  the  inscription,  the  process  of  deciphering 
was  not  so  easy,  and  had  it  not  been  for  the  existence  of 
some  of  the  earlier  attempts,  the  task  must  in  part  have 
failed  ;  but  with  the  assistance  of  these  earlier  renderings  it 
has  been  possible  to  recover  practically  the  whole  of  the 
legend,  and  thus  to  save  it  from  oblivion.  Of  this  inscription 
various  readings  have  been  given  (1)  by  ^  Hopkinson,  (2)  by 
^  Drake,  (3)  by  Dr.  Whitaker,  and  it  should  be  noted  that 
Dr.  Whitaker  really  gives  three  diff'erent  readings  of  his 
own;  first,  there  is  the  version  with  the  contractions 
expanded,  as  follows  : — 

mc  JACET  RANULPHUS  D0MINU8  DE  DACRE  ET  GREY8T0CKE  VERUS  MILES 
QUI  OBIIT  IN  BELLO  PRO  REGE  SUO  HENRICO  SEXTO  ANNO  MCCCCLXI  VICE8- 
81M0  DIE  MENSI8  MARCH  VIDLT  DOMINICA  PALMARUM  CUJUS  ANIM^  PROPI- 
TIETUR  DEU8  AMEN. 

Secondly,  he  gives  a  drawing  of  the  surface  of  the  slab, 
which,  though  in  many  places  it  only  shows  illegible  strokes 
for  letters,  yet  here  and  there,  indicates  a  letter  or  a  word, 
and  that  in  contradiction  of  his  other  readings. 

Thirdly,  he  gives  a  plan